Quiz Celawsec
Quiz Celawsec
WHEREAS, the present policies, rules and regulations covering government contracts for
infrastructure and other construction projects are generally fragmented and have been found to
be inadequate to cope with the intricate and complex process involved;
WHEREAS, there is a need to adopt a comprehensive, uniform, and updated set of policies,
guidelines, rules and regulations covering government contracts for infrastructure and other
construction projects in order to achieve a more efficient and effective implementation of these
projects.
NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers
vested in me by the Constitution, do hereby order and decree the following:
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in accordance with the standards and specifications to be established under the rules and
regulations to be promulgated pursuant to Section 12 of this Decree so as to minimize quantity and
cost overruns and underruns, change orders and extra work orders, and unless the detailed
engineering documents have been approved by the Minister of Public Works, Transportation and
Communications, the Minister of Public Highways, of the Minister of Energy, as the case may be.
Section 4. Bidding.
Construction projects shall generally be undertaken by contract after competitive public bidding.
Projects may be undertaken by administration or force account or by negotiated contract only in
exceptional cases where time is of the essence, or where there is lack of qualified bidders or
contractors, or where there is a conclusive evidence that greater economy and efficiency would be
achieved through this arrangement, and in accordance with provision of laws and acts on the
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matter, subject to the approval of the Ministry of Public Works, Transportation and
Communications, the Minister of Public Highways, or the Minister of Energy, as the case may be, if
the project cost is less than P1 Million, and of the President of the Philippines, upon the
recommendation of the Minister, if the project cost is P1 Million or more.
A bidder's bond, in an amount to be established in accordance with the rules and regulations to be
promulgated pursuant to Section 12 of this Decree, shall accompany the bid to guarantee that the
successful bidder shall, within a prescribed period from receipt of the notice of award, enter into
account and furnish the required performance bond for the faithful and complete prosecution of
the work specified in the contract documents.
Except likewise for force majeure, the contractor shall be fully responsible for the safety, protection,
security, and convenience of his personnel, third parties, and the public at large, as well as the
works, equipment, installation and the like to be affected by his construction work.
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Section 8. Adjustment Contract Price.
Adjustment of contract price for construction projects may be authorized by the Minister of Public
Works, Transportation and Communications, the Minister of Public Highways, or the Minister of
Energy, as the case may be, upon recommendation of the National Economic and Development
Authority, if during the effectivity of the contract, the cost of labor, equipment, materials and
supplies required for the construction should increase or decrease due to direct acts of the
Government. The adjustments of the contract price shall be made using appropriate formulas
established in accordance with the rules and regulations to be promulgated under Section 12 of
this Decree.
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projects of all government agencies including government-owned or controlled corporations and
other instrumentalities.
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School of Engineering and Architecture
Civil Engineering Department
General Civil Engineering
Republic Act No. 544 (as amended by R.A. 1582) is an an act to regulate the practice of Civil
Engineering in the Philippines. which was approved on the 17th of July, 1950. It was amended by
RA 1582, which was also approved on the 16th of June 1956.
ARTICLE I
Title of the Act and Definition of Terms
Section 1. Title of Act. – This Act shall be known as the "Civil Engineering Law."
(a) The practice of civil engineering within the meaning and intent of this Act shall embrace services
in the form of consultation, design, preparation of plans, specifications, estimates, erection,
installation and supervision of the construction of streets, bridges, highways, railroads, airports and
hangars, portworks, canals, river and shore improvements, lighthouses, and dry docks; buildings,
fixed structures for irrigation, flood protection, drainage, water supply and sewerage works;
demolition of permanent structures; and tunnels. The enumeration of any work in this section shall
not be construed as excluding any other work requiring civil engineering knowledge and
application.
(b) The term "civil engineer" as used in this Act shall mean a person duly registered with the Board
of Examiners for Civil Engineers’ in the manner as hereinafter provided.
ARTICLEII
Board of Examiners for Civil Engineers
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administrative investigation: Provided, That during the process of investigation the Secretary of
Public Works and Communications shall have the power to suspend such member under
investigation and shall appoint a temporary member in his place. Vacancies in the Board shall be
filled for the unexpired term only.
The Board may, with the approval of the Secretary of Public Works and Communications, issue
such rules and regulations as may be deemed necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act.
The Board shall also adopt a code of ethics in the practice of civil engineering and have an official
seal to authenticate its official documents.
Sec. 5. Qualifications of Board members. – Each member of the Board shall, at the time of his
appointment:
(c) Be a graduate of civil engineering from a recognized and legally constituted school, institute,
college or university;
(d) Be a registered civil engineer duly qualified to practice civil engineering in the Philippines;
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(e) Have practiced civil engineering, with a certificate as such, for a period of not less than ten
years prior to his appointment;
(f) Not be a member of the faculty of any school, institute, college, or university where the civil
engineering course is taught, nor have a pecuniary interest in such institutions;
(g) No former members of the faculty of any school, institute or university where civil engineering
is taught can become a member of the Board unless he had stopped teaching for at least
consecutive years.
Sec. 6. Fees and compensation of Board. – The Board of Examiners for Civil Engineers shall charge
for each application for examination the sum of forty pesos payable to the collecting and
disbursing officer of the Bureau of Civil Service upon filing of said application for examination,
and for each certificate of registration, twenty pesos. Each member of the Board shall receive a
compensation of five pesos for each applicant examined. A civil engineer in the service of the
Government of the Republic of the Philippines appointed as member of the Board shall receive
the compensation as herein provided, in addition to his salary in the Government. All authorized
expenses of the Board, including the compensation provided for herein, shall be paid by the
collecting and disbursing officer of the Bureau of Civil Service out of such appropriation as may
be made for the purpose.
Sec. 7. Annual report. – The Board shall, at the end of each fiscal year, submit to the Secretary of
Public Works and Communications a detailed report of its activities and proceedings during the
period covered by the fiscal year ended.
ARTICLE III
Examination and Registration
Sec. 8. Examination requirement. – All applicants for registration for the practice of civil
engineering shall be required to pass a technical examination as hereinafter provided.
Section 10. Subjects of examination. – Applicants for certificates of registration as civil engineer
shall be examined, in the discretion of the Board, on the following subjects: mathematics,
including algebra, plane and spherical trigonometry, analytics, descriptive and solid geometry,
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differential and integral calculus, and rational and applied mechanics; hydraulics, surveying,
including highway and railroad surveying; plane, topographic and hydrographic surveying, and
advance surveying; design and construction of highways and railroads, masonry structures,
wooden and reinforced concrete buildings, bridges, towers, walls, foundations, piers, ports,
wharves, aqueducts, sanitary engineering works, water supply systems, dikes, dams, and irrigation
and drainage canals.
Section 11. Executive officer of the Board. – The Commissioner of Civil Service shall be the
executive officer of the Board and shall conduct the examinations given by said Board. He shall
designate any subordinate officer of the Bureau of Civil Service to act as the Secretary and
custodian of all records including examination papers and minutes of the deliberation of the
Board.
Section 12. Qualifications for examination. – Any person applying for admission to the civil
engineering examination as herein provided shall, prior to the date of the examination, establish
to the satisfaction of the Board that he has the following qualifications:
(d) Be a graduate of a four-year course in civil engineering from a school, institute, college or
university recognized by the Government or the State wherein it is established.
Section 13. Oath of civil engineers. – All successful candidates in the examination shall be required
to take a professional oath before the Board of Examiners for Civil Engineers or other
Government Officials authorized to administer oaths, prior to entering upon the practice of the
civil engineering profession.
Section 14. Seal and use of seal. – All registered civil engineers shall obtain a seal of such design
as the Board shall authorize and direct: Provided, however, That the serial number of the
certificate issued by the Board shall be included in the design of the seal. Plans and specifications
prepared by, or under the direct supervision of a registered civil engineer shall be stamped with
said seal during the life of the registrant's certificate, and it shall be unlawful for any one to stamp
or seal any documents with said seal after the certificate of the registrant named thereon has
expired or has been revoked, unless said certificate shall have been renewed or re-issued.
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Section 15. Exemption from registration. – (1) Registration shall not be required of the following
persons:
(a) Officers or enlisted men of the United States and Philippine Armed Forces, and civilian
employees of the Government of the United States stationed in the Philippines while rendering
civil engineering services for the United States and/or Philippines.
(b) Civil engineers or experts called in by the Philippine Government for consultation, or specific
design and construction of fixed structures as defined under this Act, provided that their practice
shall be limited to such work.
(2) Any person residing in the Philippines may make plans or specifications for any of the
following:
(a) Any building in chartered cities or in towns with building ordinances, not exceeding the space
requirement specified therein, requiring the services of a civil engineer.
(b) Any wooden building enlargement or alteration which is to be used for farm purposes only
and costing not more than ten thousand pesos.
(c) Provided, however, That there shall be nothing in this Act that will prevent any person from
constructing his own (wooden or light material) residential house, utilizing the services of a
person or persons required for that purpose, without the use of a civil engineer, as long as he
does not violate local ordinances of the place where the building is to be constructed.
(3) Nor shall anything in this Act prevent draftsmen, student clerk-of-work, superintendents, and
other employees of those lawfully engaged in the practice of civil engineering under the
provisions of this Act, from acting under the instruction, control or supervision of their employer.
(4) Nor shall anything in this Act prevent any person who prior to the approval of this Act have
been lawfully engaged in the practice of "maestro be obras" to continue as such, provided they
shall not undertake the making of plans supervision for the following classes of work:
(d) Building of structures intended for public gathering or assemblies such as theaters,
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(5) Nor shall anything in this Act prevent professional architects and engineers to practice their
professions.
Section 16. Refusal to issue certificate. – The Board of Examiners for Civil Engineers shall not issue
a certificate to any person convicted by a court of competent jurisdiction of any criminal offense
involving moral turpitude, or to any person guilty of immoral or dishonorable conduct, or to any
person of unsound mind. In the event of a refusal to issue a certificate to any person, the Board
shall give to the applicant a written statement setting forth its reason for such action, which
statement shall be incorporated in the records of the Board.
Section 17. Suspension and revocation of certificates. – Subject to the approval of the Secretary of
Public Works and Communications, the Board shall have the power, after due notice and hearing,
to suspend or revoke the certificate of registration for any cause mentioned in the preceding
section.
Section 18. Re-issue and replacement of certificates. – The Board may, after the expiration of one
year from the date a certificate of registration is revoked and for reasons it may deem sufficient,
entertain an application for a new certificate of registration from the registrant concerned. Such
application shall be accomplished in the same form prescribed for examination, but the Board
may, in its discretion, exempt the applicant from taking the requisite examination.
Section 19. Transitory provisions. – As soon as this Act takes effect, any person desiring to practice
the profession of civil engineering shall be required to obtain a certificate of registration in the
manner and under the conditions hereinafter provided.
All civil engineers duly licensed under the provisions of Act Numbered Twenty-nine hundred and
eighty-five, as amended, at the time this Act takes effect, shall be automatically registered under
the provisions hereof. Certificates of registration held by such persons in good standing shall have
the same force and effect as though the same have been issued under the provisions of this Act.
All graduates in civil engineering from a school, institute, college, or university recognized by the
Government who have passed the civil service examination for senior civil engineer and have
been practising or employed in the Government as such during five years are exempted from
taking examination.
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ARTICLE IV
Enforcement of Act and penal provisions
Sec. 20. Enforcement of the Act by officers of the law. – It shall be the duty of all duly constituted
law officers of the national, provincial, city and municipal governments, or any political subdivision
thereof, to enforce the provisions of this Act and to prosecute any person violating the same.
Sec. 21. Registration required. – Unless exempt from registration, no person shall practice or offer
to practice civil engineering in the Philippines without having obtained the proper certificate of
registration from the Board of Examiners for Civil Engineers.
Sec. 22. Penal provisions. – Any person who shall practice or offer to practice civil engineering in
the Philippines without being registered in accordance with the provisions of this Act or any
person presenting or attempting to use as his own the certificate of registration of a registered
civil engineer, or any person who shall give any false or forged evidence of any kind to the Board,
or any person who shall impersonate any registrant civil engineer of different name, or any
person who shall attempt to use a revoked or suspended certificate of registration, or any person
who shall use in connection with his name or otherwise assume, use or advertise any title or
description tending to convey the impression that he is a civil engineer, without holding a valid
certificate of registration, or any person who shall violate any of the provisions of this Act, shall be
guilty of a misdemeanor and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to a fine of not less than five
hundred pesos nor more than two thousand pesos, or to suffer imprisonment for a period of not
less than six months nor more than one year, or both, in the discretion of the court.
ARTICLE V
Miscellaneous provisions
Sec. 23. Preparation of plans and supervision of construction by registered civil engineer. – It shall
be unlawful for any person to order or otherwise cause the construction, reconstruction, or
alteration of any building or structure intended for public gathering or assembly such as theaters,
cinematographs, stadia, churches or structures of like nature, and any other engineering
structures mentioned in section two of this Act unless the designs, plans, and specifications of
same have been prepared under the responsible charge of, and signed and sealed by a registered
civil engineer, and unless the construction, reconstruction and/or alteration thereof are executed
under the responsible charge and direct supervision of a civil engineer. Plans and designs of
structures must be approved as provided by law or ordinance of a city or province or municipality
where the said structure is to be constructed.
Sec. 24. Firms and corporations engaged in civil engineering practice. – A firm, partnership,
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corporation, or association may engage in the practice of civil engineering in the Philippines
provided that such practice is carried out under the supervision of a civil engineer or civil
engineers holding valid certificates issued by the Board.
No firm, partnership, corporation or association, using the name of a person or persons as in the
name of the firm, shall advertise as civil engineers unless said person or persons are registered
civil engineers.
Sec. 25. Reciprocity requirements. – No person who is not a citizen of the Philippines at the time
he applies to take examination shall be allowed to take it unless he can prove in the manner
provided by the Rules of Court that, by specific provision of law, the country of which he is a
citizen, subject, or national either admits citizens of the Philippines to the practice of the same
profession without restriction or allows them to practice it after an examination on terms of strict
and absolute equality with citizens, subjects, or nationals of the country concerned, including the
unconditional recognition of degrees issued by institutions of learning duly recognized for the
purpose by the Government of the Philippines: Provided, That if he is not a citizen of the
Philippines, and was admitted to the practice of a profession in the Philippines after December 8,
1941, his active practice in that profession, either in the Philippines or in the state or country where
he was practicing his profession, shall not have been interrupted for a period of two years or
more prior to July 4, 1946, and that the country or state from which he comes allows the citizens
of the Philippines by specific provision of law, to practice the same profession without restriction
or on terms of strict and absolute equality with citizens, subjects or nationals of the country or
state concerned.
Sec. 26. Roster of civil engineers. – A roster showing the names and places of business of all
registered civil engineers shall be prepared by the Commissioner of Civil Service periodically but
at least once a year. Copies of this roster shall be placed on file with the Secretary of Public Works
and Communications and furnished to all department heads, mayors of all chartered cities, to the
Director of Public Works, to such other Bureaus, government entities or agencies and municipal
and provincial authorities as may be deemed necessary and to the public upon request.
Sec. 27. Repeal. – All laws, parts of laws, orders, ordinances, or regulations in conflict with the
provisions hereof; including parts of Act Numbered Twenty-nine hundred and eighty-five, as
amended, as pertains to the practice of civil engineering, are hereby repealed, except the
provisions of Act Numbered Thirty-one hundred and fifty-nine amending Act Numbered Twenty-
nine hundred and eighty-five, pertaining to the practice of "maestro de obras."
Sec. 28. Construction of Act. – If any part or section of this Act shall be declared unconstitutional,
such declaration shall not invalidate the other provisions hereof.
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Sec. 29. Effectivity. – This Act shall take effect upon its approval.
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