Prac Res Module 1-2
Prac Res Module 1-2
12-Rutherford
PRE-TEST QUESTIONS:
Answer the questions below. Follow instructions properly.
I. TRUE or FALSE. Write QUANTITATIVE after the item when the sentence is true while
QUALITATIVE if the statement is false.
1. In quantitative research, researchers know in advance what they are looking for.
QUANTITATIVE
4. Normative research is conducted by researcher whose aim would be to find out the direction
and/or relationship between different variables or group of respondents under
study.
QUALITATIVE
5. Qualitative research requires a large number of respondents. It assumes that the larger
the sample is, the more statistically accurate the findings are.
QUALITATIVE
7. Correlational is conducted by researchers whose aim would be to find out the direction
and/or relationship between different variables or groups of respondents under study.
QUANTITATIVE
9. One characteristics of quantitative research is that its method can be repeated to verify
findings in another setting, thus, reinforcing validity findings.
QUANTITATIVE
10. In quantitative experiments it filters out external factors, if properly designed, and so the
results gained can be seen, as real and unbiased.
QUALITATIVE
A. PRE-experimental -measures the group twice, before and after the intervention. Rather
than comparing the pretest and posttest within the same group, the treated groups are
compared to an untreated group.
Example: The effects of counseling sessions on the attitudes of the identified bullies on
the campus. It is pre-experimental because the experimental group is the bullies while the
treatment was in the form of counseling and the posttest was the observation.
B. Quasi – Experimental Design.-a research design that undergoes without any random
pre-selection process. It provides better internal validity because it further the study by
making more observations or finding more existing measures.
Example: The Department of Education performed a study at two schools, one of which
received the intervention and the other did not. Because the groupings existed previous to
the study, the researcher does not need to assign participants to treatment or comparison
groups.
a. Non-Equivalent Control Group- for purpose of analysis the investigator doesnt have a
control over the participants assignment which lead to a significant threat for internal
validity in this research design.
Example: A study was conducted wherein amployees was given a post-test about drug abuse
and undergone a seminar about drug abuse then was given a posttest while on the other
company the employees receive both the posttest and pretest but haven’t been into the
seminar. The situation of 2 groups are not equivalent that is why there is a threat for validity of
the outcome.
b. Interrupted Time Series Design.- when the effects of an intervention are assessed by
comparing outcome measures collected before and after the intervention.
Example: In a study conducted in Australia the students productivity was measured over the
course of years and the researchers concluded that a reduction of class hours would increase
the students productivity. It is an example of time-series design because the study is interrupted
by a treatment.
TRUE-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN- a research design that has the highest internal validity
because the researchers have control over the experimental treatment and it acknowledges
time-related and group-related threats, it involves two or more treated groups in which these
groups are assigned randomly.
Example: The researchers want to know the effects of a sleeping pill to insomniac so they
conducted a study of 50 patients who were considered insomniacs and found out that the pill is
effective in helping them sleep therefore it was prescribed to them.
A.SURVEY- use to see a general picture of a situation by generating data from a population tha
asks about their knowledge or opinions about the situation
Example: Study about the preferred social media app of millennials.
B.CORRELATION- aims to know the relation or association of the variables to each other
Example: Research that aims to know the relationship between the entrepreneurs interpersonal
skills and marketing skills.
1) Bivariate Correlational Studies - the variables that were selected are assumed to be
related and then the score from each variable is calculated to know the correlation
coefficient.
Example: A study about women’s hormonal level and weight.
3) Multiple Regression Prediction Studies- all of the variables involved has a great
contribution to the over-all prediction of the study
Example: A study about the likelihood of a person to have diabetes where
the independent variables are weight, height and genetics.
D.COMPARATIVE- a research design that compares or compares two groups to form a conclusion
Example: A research about the acceptance rate in applying college from a public schools compared to
students from private schools.
E.NORMATIVE- a study that compares groups through a certain accepted value or a value that is
considered as normal.
Example: The study about the blood pressure of men in the workforce.
F.EVALUATIVE- it mainly focuses on the context of what is happening where the researcher gives more
emphasis on the progress or effectiveness of a certain product, concept or process.
Example: The Efficascent oil conducted tests on its buyers to know if the new product released is
effective in lessening body pain.
G.METHODOLOGICAL- an approach used for the improvement of the study by undergoing a variety of
ways or methodologies.
Example: In a study conducted in Iowa State University the researchers used a ranadom sample from 92
respondents and analyze it through cross-sectional approach. This is an example of methodological
design because it explained the variety of methods the study have gone through.
POST-TEST
1) Quantitative Research
2) Quantitative Research
3) Ex Post Facto or Casual Comparative
4) Normative
5) Quasi-experimental
6) Correlational
7) Research Design
8) True-experimental Design
9) Multiple Regression Prediction Studies
10) Non-Experimental / Descriptive Research Design
Multiple Choice:
1) C
2) D
3) B
4) D
5) B
6) C
7) C
8) B
9) B
10) D
MATCHING TYPE:
1) L.PRE-EXPERIMENTAL
2) D.EVALUATIVE
3) B. SURVEY
4) A. NORMATIVE
5) G. DESCRIPTIVE
6) M. QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
7) J. PREDICTION
8) N. TRUE-EXPERIMENT
9) I. BIVARIATE CORRELATIONAL
10) C. CENSUS