SPORTS HANDBOOK

By: Jandrie L. Layba

Mike Geron C. Melegrito
What I can do
Physical Education And Health 2
Court Dimensions:
Basketball court lines in feet

A basketball court is 91.86ft long and 49.21ft wide. The total playing area for a court is 4520.43 ft²
and 7290.5ft² if run-offs and sidelines are required.

Court marking Dimensions (ft)

Sidelines 91.86ft

Baseline and 49.21ft

endline

Mid court 45.93ft

Centre circle 11.81ft diameter

Three point line 22.14ft from the basket

Free throw line 11.81ft, 15.09ft from the

backboard

Free throw circle 11.81ft diameter

Free throw lane 16ft x 19ft

lines/key

Basketball Equipments
The Ball
Official size of a basketball is 29.5 to 30 inches in circumference
for men’s game and 28.5 inches in circumference for women’s game. It
should weigh 18 to 22 ounces. When bounced off 6 feet from the floor, a
well inflated ball should bounce 49 to 54 inches in height
 The Shoes
One needs specialized shoes when playing basketball. It
should be able to give better support to the ankle as compared to
running shoes. The basketball shoes should be high-tipped shoes
and provide extra comfort during a game. These shoes are specially
designed to maintain high traction on the basketball court.
Basketball Shooting Equipment
The hoop or basket is a horizontal metallic rim,
circular in shape. This rim is attached to a net and helps one
score a point. The rim is mounted about 4 feet inside the
baseline and 10 feet above the court.

Backboard
The backboard is the rectangular board that is placed behind the rim. It helps give better
rebound to the ball. The backboard is about 1800mm in size horizontally and 1050mm vertically.
Many times, backboards are made of acrylic, aluminum, steel or glass.
Basketball Coaching Equipment
Uniforms
When one starts coaching a basketball team, the most
important requirement for a team is to have a uniform. This helps one
differentiate teams from one another. A uniform consists of a jersey
(shirt), shorts, numbers on the front and back of the shirts for
identification.

Shotclock
The offense is allowed a maximum of 24 seconds to have a ball in hand before shooting.
These 24 seconds are counted on the shot clock. If the offense fails to shoot a ball that hits the
rim, they will lose the possession of the ball to the other team.
Whistle
The coach or referee uses a whistle to indicate the start or end of a game. S/he can
even use the whistle to stop the play in the middle of a game. Whistle also helps to indicate
fouls, timeout, or out of bound balls to the players. In order to get the attention of the players,
many times coaches use the whistle to gather the players.
6 basic basketball skills
Dribbling
Dribbling the ball is one of the fundamentals of playing basketball. Any good player knows they
need to keep the ball moving if they want to keep moving.Most children start by keeping the ball in
motion while they stand still. This helps develop another important physical literacy skill: hand-eye
coordination. Eventually, through the practice gained by participating in a clinic, children will add in their
own motion, dribbling the ball as they make their way up and down the court, as well as advancing to
include cross-overs and dribbling with both hands.
Passing

Basketball skills also include the essential team sports move: passing.Children will learn the
different types of basketball passes including chest pass, bounce pass, and overhead pass. Furthermore,
they will learn how to pass the ball over increasingly long distances, and this has some great real-world
applications outside of sports. Your child is learning how to effectively judge distance, which is an
indispensable part of physical literacy. Even if they don’t grow up to be an NBA star, basketball gives
your child the opportunity to develop some fundamental movements!

Shooting

This is the glamorous part of basketball—your child will eventually get to practice their shot. In
fact, they’ll take part in a number of drills to improve and practice different kinds of basketball shots at a
sports clinic, including layups (Most important), jump shots, hook shots, free throws, and bank shots.
They may not be making 3-pointer jump shots by the end of the clinic, but they will definitely have some
time to practice one of the most essential basketball skills.

Agility

Basketball requires players to maneuver their way up and down the court, often dodging
opponents. They twist out of the way, turn and shield the ball, then duck around an opponent. Defenders
need to be on guard, always on their toes. Some people might think basketball is “nothing but net,” but
actual play requires a good deal of agility. Your child will have a chance to work on their footwork
through a number of drills designed to improve both their defensive skills and offensive play, as well as a
develop a fundamental movement not as common in other sports: jumping.

Teamwork

Basketball is a team sport, so, of course, one of the essential basketball skills is good teamwork!
At a sports clinic, your child will have ample opportunity to develop great teamwork skills by
participating in drills with partners and in groups. Working together, clinic-goers will help each other
improve not just their basketball skills but other key life skills too.

Self-Discipline

Learning, understanding, and applying rules is key to any sport. Learning about rules in sport can
teach children self-control and discipline. A player who flouts the rules won’t be welcome on the court
very long and won’t earn the respect of his or her peers. Practicing self-control and abiding by the rules
on the court can also be applied off the court. Children who participate in sports may find it easier to
follow rules at home or in the classroom.

 13 Rules of Basketball

1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.

2. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands (never with the fist).
3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it,
allowance to be made for a man who catches the ball when running at a good speed if he tries to
stop.

4. The ball must be held in or between the hands; the arms or body must not be used for holding it.

5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way the person of an opponent shall
be allowed; the first infringement of this rule by any player shall count as a foul, the second shall
disqualify him until the next goal is made, or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the
whole of the game, no substitute allowed.

6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violation of Rules 3,4, and such as described in Rule 5.

7. If either side makes three consecutive fouls, it shall count a goal for the opponents (consecutive
means without the opponents in the mean time making a foul).

8. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays
there, providing those defending the goal do not touch or disturb the goal. If the ball rests on the
edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal.

9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field of play by the person first
touching it. In case of a dispute, the umpire shall throw it straight into the field. The thrower-in is
allowed five seconds; if he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent. If any side persists in delaying
the game, the umpire shall call a foul on that side.

10. The umpire shall be judge of the men and shall note the fouls and notify the referee when three
consecutive fouls have been made. He shall have power to disqualify men according to Rule 5.

11. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to
which side it belongs, and shall keep the time. He shall decide when a goal has been made, and
keep account of the goals with any other duties that are usually performed by a referee.

12. The time shall be two 15-minute halves, with five minutes' rest between.

13. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner. In case of a draw, the
game may, by agreement of the captains, be continued until another goal is made.

Guidelines on how to officiate Basketball Game

Basketball is a fast indoor game played with two teams of five players each.
The importance of good basketball officiating involves with rules in playing a
basketball game. Without competent officials, the game will not be a
success. Different errors can be committed in a basketball game if not officiated
appropriately. Players should accept the decisions of the officials if there are errors
committed. This shows respect to the authority of the game.
The best officiating brings out the best playing ability of each player, while poor
officiating can easily ruin a game. But good officials are not made instantly. They
are the result of many years of study and practice gained through actual officiating.
A game of basketball is presided over by a referee and an umpire, along with a
timekeeper, a scorer, and a thirty-second operator. The officials should wear
uniforms distinct from those of either team. They should report on the playing
court at least 10 minutes before game time.

The following are the officials of the game and their functions.
1. The Referee
A referee is the official in charge during and after the game. He is the official
who watches a game or match closely to ensure that the rules are adhered to and
sometimes to arbitrate on matters. He has the full responsibility to enforce the
rules and maintain the order of the game. The referee has the final say on
disciplinary matters. He also controls the game and takes up positions on opposite
sides of the court.
The duties of the Referee include the following:
a. Inspects and approves all equipment, including court, baskets, ball,
backboards
b. Inspects timer’s and scorer’s signals
c. Designates the official timepiece and its operator
d. Designates the official scorebook and the official scorer
e. Responsible for notifying each captain three minutes before each half is to
begin
f. Decides whether or not a goal shall count if officials disagree
g. May forfeit the game when conditions warrant
h. Decides upon matter on which the timers and scorers disagree
i.  Has the power to make decisions on any points specifically covered by the
rules
j.  Determines of ground rules are necessary
2. The Timekeeper
The timekeeper also called Timer is charged with certain duties, according to
the rules of basketball. The timekeeper should be familiar with all of the rules and
obligations in the game. Mastering these rules and regulations can help avoid
confusion during the game for both the officials and the timekeeper. He keeps a
record of playing time and stoppages in play, and times the time-outs, and indicates
when each half or overtime ends.
The Timekeeper also keeps and show the time of a basketball game to
ensure that all quarters are played evenly and to indicate the end of the game or
quarter. If there is a timing mistake in the game, the official timekeeper must also
inform the official of any specific knowledge relating to the mistake. The timekeeper
has the responsibility of notifying the officials that time has run out and helping
them determine if a goal should count.
The Timekeeper duties include the following:
a. Consults officials as to signals used to indicate a time-out and resumption
of time
b. Keeps eyes on the officials throughout the game
c. Checks on the duration of time-outs, substitution, etc.
When to start clock:
1. When ball is legally tapped on all jumps balls
2. When ball is touched in bounds, if resumption of play is by a throw-in after
clock has been stopped
3. When ball is legally touched after a missed free throw and ball is to remain
alive
When to stop clock:
1. When time expires at the end of the period
2. When an official signals a foul
3. When an official signals a jump ball
4. When a violation occurs
5. When an official orders a time-out
3. The Scorer
The scorer also called scorekeepers keeps a record of points scored, all fouls
called against each player, timeouts charged to each team, notes the starting line-
ups, and keeps a record of all substitutions.
Scorekeepers should also refrain from any other distracting activity, such as
texting, chatting, or talking during play. It is also advised that the responsibilities for
bookkeeping and timekeeping not be delegated to just somebody else for the
protection and confidentiality of the scores. Scoring for individual players is least
important.
The Scorer duties include the following:
a. Obtains names and numbers of all players who may participate in the
game at least ten (10) minutes before the start of the game. At least three (3)
minutes before scheduled starting time, have each team designate its first five
players. He also reports any failure to comply referees.
b. Records field goals made, free throws made and missed, running
summary of points scored, personal and technical fouls on each player, team
personal fouls per half and timeouts.