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Survey Questionnaire

Survey questionnaires are typically used for feedback research to determine the current status
or situation or to estimate the distribution of characteristics in a population. Writing a survey
questionnaire is one of the most critical stages in the survey development process. Much of
survey questionnaire construction is common sense, but there are intricacies with which survey
authors should be familiar. It is common sense to require that the concepts be clearly defined
and questions unambiguously phrased; otherwise, the resulting data are apt to be seriously
misleading..

Process

A systematic method of gathering information from a target population, a survey makes use of statistical
techniques mainly used in quantitative research. The following steps are included in the process of
conducting a survey, as well as several questions to ask one's self during each step:

1. Clarify the purpose.

Why should a survey be done? What are the pros and cons? What issue/s should be studied? How
should you plan a survey?

2. Formulate survey goals.

What are the aims of the survey? Who should be the participants (target population)? How long the
survey should is conducted?

3. Verify the resources.

Are the budget, manpower and other resources sufficient?

4. Choose a survey method.

What type of survey can satisfy the purpose, survey goals and available resources? Are there similar
methods that are more suitable, such as Focus Groups or Panel Studies?

5. Perform the sampling.

Which sampling technique is appropriate for the survey goal and method? How should you design the
survey?

6. Write the questionnaire.

What questions should I ask? What type of response formats and scales should be included? How should
the survey layout look?

7. Pilot test and revise or change the questionnaire.


Is the questionnaire suitable for the sample? Are there any errors that need to be redone? How can the
response rate be improved?

8. Administer the questionnaire.

Is the interviewer trained enough to administer the questionnaire to the sample?

9. Process and store data.

How should the data be handled? Where should the information be kept for future reference?

10. Analyze and interpret the survey results.

What does the information gathered say?

11. Make a conclusion.

What synthesis can be formed from the entire survey?

12. Report the survey results.

How can the results be conveyed effectively? What media presentation should be used in reporting the
survey results?

The Questionnaire- In survey research, a questionnaire is an instrument that is comprised of a set


of questions to be asked to the participants of the survey. Sir Francis Galton, an English polymath,
introduced the use of the questionnaire in surveys. Questionnaires usually ask questions that elicit ideas
and behaviours, preferences, traits, attitudes and facts.

Today, questionnaires can be administered in a variety of modes, such as face-to-face, telephone,


paper-and-pencil, and computerized. The computerized questionnaire administration mode is used in an
online survey. An online survey, or web-based survey, is a widely used survey method which requires
participants to answer the questionnaire posted on the Internet. When preparing a web based survey,
you should be aware about some of the tools for online questionnaires.

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