SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Organization
and
Management
1st Quarter Module
Lesson 1
Nature and Concept of
Management
Organization and Management – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
1st Quarter – Lesson 1: Nature and Concepts of Management
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

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Organization
and
Management
1st Quarter Module
Lesson 1:
Nature and Concept of
Management
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to Organization and Management Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body
of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage
and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Organization and Management Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)

Module.

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used
to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies
in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or

Know competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as
a story, a song, a poem, a problem opener,
an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

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 help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional In this portion, another activity will be
Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned. This also tends
retention of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References Organization and Management for Senior

High School -Revised Edition; Cynthia A
Zarate; 2019; C & E Publishing, Inc.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.

2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other

activities included in the module.

3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.

4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.

5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.

6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module aims to familiarize the students with the basic concepts, principles,
and processes related to business organizations, the functional areas and the
evolution of management theories. It also describes the roles and skills that
managers should possess in the performance of their duties and responsibilities.

The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning

situations. Management can be applied in many activities, particularly in the
conduct of our jobs and responsibilities concerned not only with the people,
resources and processes within the organization but also with outside factors
such as the environment where the organization operates. It consists of
administrative job functions that require critical thinking and decision making.

Business establishments, government agencies, private organizations, and even

small social groups of friends and neighbors employ people, resources, and
equipment to conduct various activities that need to be coordinated to ensure a
smooth and successful flow of activities.

Learning the important concepts in management can help us understand more

fully what it takes to make a business or any activity successful.

The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The
lessons are designed to be student-friendly and easy to read and understand.
Each lesson opens with either an article, activity, or questionnaire that poses
meaningful ideas related to the topic.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Nature and Concepts of Management
 Lesson 2 – The Evolution of Management Theories
 Lesson 3 – The Manager

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Trace the evolution
2. explain the importance and meaning of management;

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3. differentiate efficiency from effectiveness;
4. identify the types and theories of management;
5. identify factors that influence management practices and trends; and
6. appreciate the importance of management in the success of organizations

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 What I Know

Do you have the potential to become a good manager? Take this quiz to find out. Read each
statement and answer it honestly by encircling the corresponding number of your answer.

Behavioral Trait Strongly Somewha Somewha Strongl

Disagre t Disagree t Agree y Agree
e
1. I often take chances even if I am not certain of the
Outcome 2 4 6 8
2. I enjoy working with others to achieve a common 2 4 6 8
goal.
3. I tend to have an influence on others. 2 4 6 8
4. I have strong views about what is right and wrong
and can easily convince people to share my views. 2 4 6 8
5. I inspire confidence in other people 2 4 6 8
6. I give praise to people who need them 2 4 6 8
7. I make myself available to others 2 4 6 8
8. I display confidence and determination to others 2 4 6 8
9. I express genuine concern for the well-being and
interest of others. 2 4 6 8
10. I often tell people when they perform poorly or do
not meet my expectations. 2 4 6 8

Add your scores for all the statements and then check the table below for an interpretation of your
total score.
Points You are a potential managerial candidate. Keep up the good performance and you can
68-80 become one of the best managers in the future.
You are a good managerial candidate. You have most of the qualities of a good manager.
55-67 With consistent improvement, you can become one of the best in the future.
You are an average managerial candidate. You have some of the qualities of a good
manager but still have traits and skills that you need to improve on. With determination
41-54 and practice, you can take the next step to become a good manager.
You are a below-average managerial candidate. You have one or two traits of good
manager but still need improvement in may aspects. Take time to gain new knowledge
40 below and practice your skills. Improvement is a reward gained only by a persistent learner.

Analysis:
If your total score is at least 55, then that is good. You have the basic qualities of a good manager. If
you score less than 40 points, do not feel bad. The test result is only an outline of your current skill.
It does not dictate whether you will be a good or bad manager in the future. This test will help you
recognize aspects that you should continue to improve upon, as well as traits that you need to
develop and enhance. With dedication and practice, anyone can become a potential managerial
candidate. Be ready to become one

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Is not What Is New

Lesso
n
The Management Concept
1
Nature of Management

Management is a science as well as an art. It is a body of knowledge whose

ideas and principles have become the basis of organizational frameworks
employed by many businesses and organizations. It is considered a science
because it evolved from a number of theories that involved extensive studies
and experiments. The management principles practiced by business people and
professionals are based on scientific principles, scholarly studies, and statistical
data. The problem solving nature of management benefits greatly from methods
and practices adopted from scientific principles.

However, many management experts points out that management is not an

exact science like mathematics. Despite the accuracy of data from statistics, the
use of mathematical tools is only one aspect of management. A good manager
must be able to look at situations and use creativity and imagination in coming
up the solutions to problems. It is in this aspect that one can consider
management as an art. Creativity and ingenuity are important traits of
managers that enable them to effectively use business strategies in any
situation, and make innovations that result in new products, services, and
processes. This ingenuity can be drawn from the effective application of
knowledge and skills of decision-makers.

Meaning and Importance of Management

Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the

activities of an organization effectively and efficiently to achieve its goals. It
plays a crucial role in every organization, especially in today’s world that is much
more complex and where constant change is the norm Organizations, therefore,
need to keep abreast of all these changes and managers need to be dynamic
and flexible to address the challenges that changes bring.

Management also provides the means to maintain a firm’s competitive

advantage. It lays out the foundation of successful operations that lead to
efficiency and profitability, and establishes the link between the development of
strategies and their implementation and control. The effective application of

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plans require skilled managers who are able to combine resources and capital in
executing strategies and sustaining the operations of their organization

What Is It

*Efficiency

Is a measure of how well you do those things. If you are able to get more
outputs from the same inputs, you are said to have increased efficiency

*Effectiveness

Is a measure of doing the “right things”. Highly effective individuals and

companies act in ways that move their highest priorities forward on a regular
basis.

*Productivity

Is generally regarded as a measure of outputs divided by inputs. All of

the activities that you get done in a day may be considered your output
and the time you put into them are your inputs.

 Productivity = Output / Input

 Efficiency = Doing things right
 Effectiveness = Doing the right things

*Plan Plus Online with Technology and Methodology

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 What Is In

Activity 1

Name of Learner: _____________________________________________ Date: ________

Section: __________

Activity Sheet 1 - Efficiency & Effectiveness

Please go to this youtube link and watch; After watching the video “The Cart”
please answer the guide questions:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQC5jnj68ko

1. Describe the four types of a member who would contribute to the achievement of an
organization’s goal.

2. How do you relate these types of member on efficiency, effectiveness and productivity

3. Cite real life situation you had experience and describe what kind of member you are, why?

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Rubrics:

10
 AREA POINTS

CONTENT 10

CLARITY 5

TOTAL 15 POINTS

What’s More

Factors Influencing Management

Effective managers should determine the extent that these factors affect
their respective business organizations and make plans to address the
challenges they pose. They should take advantage of the opportunities
presented by developments in these areas.

There are five factors that influence today’s business environment:

1. Globalization

Refers to the phenomenon of

growing
interconnectivity and interdependent
relations between nations. This growth
has been greatly influenced by
advancements in technology,
transportation, communication, and
calculation, as well as the gradual
deregulation of trade.
As a result, local companies have
now become part of a highly competitive
global market that is characterized by a
wide audience and a great potential for
increased profit. This poses a challenge
for managers to consistently make good
decisions to satisfy and maintain their
customers and attract more buyers for
their products and services

2. Technology

Is one of the main driving forces of

business. Advancements in this area
have immensely improved business
trends. New technologies have rendered
business functions and related tasks
easier to accomplish, bringing about
increased levels of productivity.
Marketing, distribution, and

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manufacturing have also improved with
real-time between companies to a matter
of minutes.

3. Sustainability and Corporate

Social Responsibility

Sustainability in business means

that companies should plan and conduct
long-term business operations to ensure
minimal negative impact on the social,
cultural, and economic aspects of their
external environment or community.
Corporate social responsibility,
meanwhile, is defined as the willingness
of companies to run their business
operations in a sustainable and
responsible manner. Managers are
continually challenged to implement
programs and processes that will enable
their organizations to engage in
sustainable and socially responsible
activities while maintaining their level of
productivity

4. Psychology

The study of psychology is an

important facet in management since it
focuses on developing people
management skills and analyzing
customer satisfaction. A better
understanding of psychological concepts
such as motivation, behavior, attitude,
and personality is vital for effective
management.

Psychology can help managers

foster closer relations and better
communication with employees.
Improved communication, in turn, enables
managers to better assess their

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employees, determine their strengths and
weaknesses, and guide them toward
personal and professional development.

5. Ecosystems

A business ecosystem consist of a

group of firms that provide related
products and services. The emergence of
business ecosystems has resulted in
improvements and innovations in
industries. A good example is the
collaboration between telecommunication
firms, media, and technology to
disseminate information to the public.

Business ecosystems rely on

collective and collaborative action in
carrying out organizational decisions.
Information sharing among organizations
within a business ecosystem is crucial in
determining the direction that the
industry should take, especially in
implementing significant changes that
might impact their businesses and
external environment

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 What I Can Do

Activity 2

Name of Learner: _____________________________________________ Date: ________

Section: __________

Activity Sheet 2 - Factors Influencing Management

Instruction: Identify the pictures below, write your answer on the space
corresponding the image.

1. ______________ 4.
___________

2.______________

5. ___________

3. ______________

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 What Else I Can Do

Activity 3

Name of Learner: _____________________________________________ Date: ________

Section: __________

Activity Sheet 3

Answer briefly the following

1. Should one be effective first before being efficient or it is the other way
around? Justify your answer.
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2. Which among the factors influencing management have the most
impact in business in the Philippines? Why do you think so?
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3. Recall the concepts of effectiveness and efficiency. If you were to
described yourself, are you more effective or a more efficient student? Explain
you answer
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Rubrics:

AREA POINTS

CONTENT 10

CLARITY 5

TOTAL 15 POINTS

Activity 4

Name of Learner: _____________________________________________ Date: ________

Section: __________

Activity Sheet 4 - Critical Thinking

Instruction: Read the article below and answer the questions that follow.
Steve Jobs and Management
Apple’s beginnings can be traced to Steve Jobs’ garage which housed the first
circuit board that later on became the Apple II personal computer (PC) in 1976. That
year, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak established Apple Computer, Inc., a company that
produced affordable personal computers. The growing popularity of personal computers
enabled Apple Computer to grow into a highly profitable business. In. 1984, the Apple
Macintosh computer was introduced and it became popular in certain industries like
publishing, advertising, cinema, and the arts. Sales of Apple computers eventually grew
to almost $2 billion in 1985.

Despite being one of the forces that drove Apple’s success, Steve Job’s
management style soon brought about difficulties for his company. For one, he played
favorites among his project teams and his sparked conflicts and misunderstandings
among the members. He was also not in good terms with John Sculley, Apple’s Chief
Executive Officer (CEO). Sculley and Jobs were at odds regarding the best marketing
strategy for Apple computers. Sculley favored selling Apple computers to the wider
public, while Jobs preferred to focus on industries. The two also clashed over control in
the company, as Sculley was CEO but Jobs had unlimited control over the product
development division of Apple. The employees were confused as to who was actually
leading the company. While Jobs and Sculley were fighting it out for the company’s
control. Apple’s efficiency suffered; costs soared and profits fell. Apple’s decline was
further hastened by the entry of a new computer company. IBM, and its introduce of the
IBM PC which soon surpassed the Apple II in sales.

In 1985, amidst plans for the reorganization of Apple Computer, Inc., Steve Jobs
resigned. He founded Next and developed powerful PCs which would outperform Apple
PCs. He also founded Pixar, the computer animation company that made blockbuster
movies such as Toy Story and Finding Nemo.

In these two companies, Steve Jobs’ management style was the exact opposite of
his Apple days. Jobs developed a vision for managers and empowered his project teams

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to put this vision into practice. He encourage collaboration and innovation, and
developed a team of managers who can perform on their own even without his
supervision. He also encouraged his people to love what they do and be passionate
about their work.

In the meantime, Apple was suffering heavily with the introduction of Michael
Dell’s low priced PCs loaded with Microsoft Windows Software. Jobs came to the rescue
and convinced Apple to buy his company Next for $400 million and use its own operating
system in 1996. Jobs worked for Apple’s turnaround and in 1997, he was appointed its
new CEO.

One of the first things Jobs did when he came back to Apple was to define the
values of the company in two words: “think different”. Aside from hiring people who
were technically equipped, he also hired poets, musicians, artists, biologist – creative
people who were also computer experts. Their only qualification was that they believe
they can change the world. For Jobs, that was enough for Apple to take the risk of hiring
them.

For Jobs, software, hardware, and content must be intuitively connected. He also
believed that one must have intuition and foresight to be successful. One result of his
vision was the new line of iMac PCs which were then followed by more stylish and
modern PCs. In 2003, Apple announced an online music store called iTunes. Then the
iPod, a device which can store thousands of downloaded songs, was also introduced to
complement iTunes.

There are two ways to run a business: focus on profits or focus on products. Jobs
focused on the products, believing that profits would eventually follow. He focused on
the development of three products: iPod, iPad, and iPhone. Jobs led his project teams to
develop the iPhone, a smartphone which can download applications from the Web. In
2010, over 2 million iPhone applications could be downloaded by iPhone users, making
Apple the leader in the smartphone market. In that same year, Jobs introduced its new
iPad tablet which became another convenient way to surf the Web, send emails, take
photos, and share content online. With these new products, Apple once again regained
its distinction as the most profitable computer company in the world.

Discussion Questions

1. What changes and development brough about the emergence of Apple Computer, Inc.
as a leading computer company during the 1980s?

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2. Describe Steve Jobs’ management style during the early years of Apple. How did this
affect the company?

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3. Describe Jobs’ management style when he came back on Apple. How did this new
management style benefit Apple?

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__________________________________________________________________________________________
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4. What do you think influenced the changes in Steve Jobs’ management style?

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Rubrics:

AREA POINTS

CONTENT 10

CLARITY 5

TOTAL 15 POINTS

What I Have Learned

1. Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling

the activities of the organization effectively and efficiently to achieve
organizational goals.
2. Management is a science because it contains a body of knowledge that
becomes the organizational framework of companies.
3. Management is also an art because of the creativity applied in strategies, the
innovations used on new products and services, and the reliance on intuition in
some decisions.

4. Efficiency is maximizing outputs while minimizing inputs. On the other hand,

effectiveness is the capacity to attain the intended objectives or results while
productivity is generally regarded as a measure of outputs divided by inputs. All
of the activities that you get done in a day may be considered your output and
the time you put into them are your inputs.

5. Management plays an important role in laying out the foundation of a

profitable company strategy and attaining successful operations.

6. The five areas that influence today’s business environment are globalization,
technology, sustainability and corporate social responsibility, psychology and
ecosystems.

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 What I Can Achieved

Quiz 1

Name
______

Instruction
:

Write TRUE if the statement is true. If the statement is false, correct

the underlined work to make it true.
____________________1. Management is a science but not an art.
____________________2. The Management principles, which are now practiced by
business practitioners and professionals, are based on scientific principles.
____________________3. Efficiency is the quality of being able to maximize output
with minimum input.
____________________4. Some companies failed to implement their strategies
because of the lack of employees who will execute them.
____________________5. Efficiency means “doing the right thing”.
____________________6. The driving force of people to do business in a faster way
is communication.
____________________ 7. Globalization enables people to do business in any part of
the world.

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____________________8. Several concepts from psychology such as motivation,
behavior, attitude, and personality give managers the means to know their
employees better.
____________________9. A business environment consists of a group of firms which
provide related products and services to meet the needs and interests of all the
key players involved.
____________________10. Management is the process of planning, organizing,
leading, and controlling the activities of an organization effectively and efficiently
to achieve organizational goals.

Quiz 2

Name of Learner: _____________________________________________ Date: ________

Section: __________

Instruction: Encircle the correct answer on the following:

1. Which of the following concepts does NOT accurately describe organization

practices in the new economy?
A. Respect
B. Empowerment
C. Teamwork
D. Self-management

2. The ultimate foundation of organizational performance is______.

A. The availability and amount of financial capital.
B. The production of quality goods or the provision of quality services.
C. What people know, what people learn, and what people do with they
know and learn.
D. Generating a good return on capital investments.

3. _____ is the worldwide interdependence of resource flows, product markets,

and business competition that characterizes the economy.
A. International entrepreneurship
B. International management
C. Globalization
D. Supply chain management

4. _____ and _____ help organizations of all types and sizes, locally and
internationally, to speed transactions and improve decision making.

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 A. Knowledge workers…. Computers
B. The Internet…. Information technology
C. Information technology…. Human capital
D. Globalization…..workforce diversity

5. _____ refers to the quantity and quality of work performance, with resource
utilization taken into account.
A. Effectiveness
B. Efficiency
C. Profitability
D. Productivity

Answer Key

Activity 2
1.ecosytem 2. Globalization 3. Psychology 4. Technology 5. Sustainability &
CSR

Assessment
Quiz 1
1. as an art 2. TRUE 3. TRUE 4. TRUE 5. Effectiveness
6. TRUE 7. TRUE 8. TRUE 9. TRUE 10. TRUE

Quiz 2
1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D

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