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    The document discusses the key characteristics of good research. It states that good research produces reliable, ethical, and testable evidence that can be used to inform policymaking. It also notes that professionalism, transparency, accountability, and authenticity of data are important values that should be followed in research.

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    The document discusses the key characteristics of good research. It states that good research produces reliable, ethical, and testable evidence that can be used to inform policymaking. It also notes that professionalism, transparency, accountability, and authenticity of data are important values that should be followed in research.

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    3K views4 pages

    PR 1 Answers

    Uploaded by

    Raechelle Castro
    The document discusses the key characteristics of good research. It states that good research produces reliable, ethical, and testable evidence that can be used to inform policymaking. It also notes that professionalism, transparency, accountability, and authenticity of data are important values that should be followed in research.

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    of 4

    WHAT MAKES A GOOD RESEARCH?

    Good research produces reliable, ethical, and testable evidence that can be utilized to inform
    policymaking. Professionalism, transparency, accountability, and authenticity of data are all values that
    should be followed.

    PRE-ASSESSMENT for Lesson 1– TRUE (QUANTITATIVE) OR FALSE (QUALITATIVE)

    1. QUANTITATIVE (TRUE) - In quantitative research, researchers know in advance what they are
    looking for.
    2. QUALITATIVE (FALSE) - Quantitative research can be easily misinterpreted because it provides
    numerical data.
    3. QUANTITATIVE (TRUE) - Quantitative research puts emphasis on proof, rather than discovery.
    4. QUALITATIVE (FALSE) - Normative research is conducted by researcher whose aim would be to
    find out the direction and/or relationship between different variables or group of respondents
    under study. (CORRELATIONAL DAPAT)
    5. QUALITATIVE (FALSE) - Qualitative research requires a large number of respondents. It assumes
    that the larger the sample is, the more statistically accurate the findings are. (QUANTI DAPAT)
    6. QUANTITATIVE (TRUE) - Evaluation describes the status of a phenomenon at a particular time. It
    describes without value judgment a situation that prevents
    7. QUANTITATIVE (TRUE) - Correlational is conducted by researchers whose aim would be to find
    out the direction and/or relationship between different variables or groups of respondents
    under study.
    8. QUANTITATIVE (TRUE) - Methodological is the implementation of a variety of methodologies
    that forms a critical part of achieving the goal of developing a scaled-matched approach, where
    data from different disciplines can be integrated.
    9. QUANTITATIVE (TRUE) - One characteristic of quantitative research is that its method can be
    repeated to verify findings in another setting, thus, reinforcing validity findings.
    10. QUANTITATIVE (TRUE) - In quantitative experiments it filters out external factors, if properly
    designed, and so the results gained can be seen, as real and unbiased.

    PRE-ASSESSMENT for Lesson 2 – MATCHING TYPE

    1. QUANTITATIVE R. & COMMUNICATION - What Effect do Punitive Behavioral Control


    Statements have on Classroom?
    2. QUANTITATIVE R. & SPORTS MEDICINE - The Relationship between the Mushrooming of Fast
    Food Chains and Obesity of Children in Kuopo, Eastern England.
    3. QUANTITATIVE R. & ANTHROPOLOGY - Effect of Tourism to the Cultural System of Villagers in
    Southern Cordillera.
    4. QUANTITATIVE R. & MEDICAL EDUCATION - Factors Affecting Quality of Medical Education in
    Saint Louis University.
    5. QUANTITATIVE R. & BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES - Relationship of Verbally Aggressive Behavior to
    the Physical Aggression of a Person.
    6. QUANTITATIVE R. & ANTHROPOLOGY - Factors Affecting Crime Rates in Burgos, La Union.
    7. QUANTITATIVE R. & EDUCATION - Video Integration in Teaching Science in Grade 12 of San
    Beda University.
    8. QUANTITATIVE R. & BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES - Communicative Behaviors Associated in Different
    Stages of a Romantic Relationship.
    9. QUANTITATIVE R. & ANTHROPOLOGY - Ethnographic Study: Changes of Aeta Behaviors in past
    5 years.
    10. QUANTITATIVE R. & SPORTS MEDICINE - Relationship of Physical Activity to the Amount of
    Adipose Tissue and Endurance Fitness of Children Aged 15 – 22 in Burgos, La Union.

    PRE-ASSESSMENT for Lesson 3 – IDENTIFICATION/WORD BLANK

    1. VARIABLE - It refers to the characteristics that have two or more mutually exclusive values or
    properties.
    2. NOMINAL - Variables that represent categories that cannot be ordered in any particular way
    3. CONTROL - Special kind of independent variables that are measured in a study because they
    potentially influence the dependent variable.
    4. RATIO - Variables that have values that lie along an evenly dispersed range of numbers when
    there is an absolute zero, as opposed to net worth, which can have a negative debt-to-income
    ratio-level variable.
    5. CONFOUNDING - Kind of variable that are not actually measured or observed in a study. They
    exist but their influence cannot be directly detected in a study.
    6. INTERVENING - It “stands between” the independent and dependent variables, and they show
    the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable
    7. ORDINAL - Variables that represent categories that can be ordered from greatest to smallest.
    8. INDEPENDENT - Kind of variable that probably cause, influence, or affect outcomes. They are
    variably called treatment, manipulated, antecedent or predictor variables.
    9. DEPENDENT - Variables that depend on independent variables; they are the outcomes or results
    of the influence of the independent variable
    10. INTERVAL - Variables that have values that lie along an evenly dispersed range of numbers.

    PRE-ASSESSMENT for Lesson 4 – RESEARCH PUZZLE

    1. Personal Experience
    2. Practical Experience
    3. Previous Research
    4. Existing Theories
    5. Critical appraisal of Literature
    6. Consumer Feedback
    7. Performance Improvement Activities
    8. Social Issues
    9. Consultations with Experts
    10. Intuition
    11. Recommendation for Future Research

    DIFFERENCES OF QUANTI AND QUALI

    Qualitative Research produces numerical data while Qualitative Research produces textual data.

    Salient features or characteristics that differentiate QN research from QL research

    QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE
    Deductive Reasoning
    Inductive reasoning
    (Since it is concerned with
    APPROACH (Since it is concerned with
    outcomes, generalization,
    process, context, interpretation,
    prediction, and causal
    and meaning)
    relationships)

    New knowledge which is a


    Discovery of depth knowledge
    GOAL fundamental concern and the
    and to generate hypotheses
    testing of hypotheses
    Naturalistic setting
    Controlled Laboratory or Clinical
    SETTING Where the researcher engages in
    Settings
    fieldwork such as in people’s
    homes
    Purposive sampling is often used Random Sampling is commonly
    SAMPLING
    in qualitative research used in quantitative research

    DATA COLLECTION Interviews and observation tools Survey questionnaires

    DATA ANALYSIS Iterative Interpretation Statistical Tests

    Reasons behind QN research strengths and weaknesses

    STRENGTHS LIMITATIONS
    Findings can be generalized if selection process is Related secondary data is sometimes not
    well-designed and sample is representative of available or accessing available data is
    study population difficult/impossible
    Relatively easy to analyze Difficult to understand context of a phenomenon
    Data can be very consistent, precise and reliable Data may not be robust enough to explain
    complex issues

    FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT: IDENTIFICATION

    1. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH - It highlights numerical analysis of data hoping that the numbers
    yield unbiased results that can be generalized to some larger population and explain a particular
    observation.
    2. DATA ANALYSIS - It suggests that the data concerned can be analyzed in terms of numbers.
    3. EX POST FACTO OR CASUAL COMPARATIVE – This kind of research derives conclusion from
    observations and manifestations that already occurred in the past and now compared to some
    dependent variables.
    4. NORMATIVE - It describes the norm level of characteristics for a given behavior.
    5. QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN - In this design, the researcher can collect more data, either by
    scheduling more observations or finding more existing measures
    6. CORRELATIONAL - It is conducted by researchers whose aim would be to find out the direction,
    associations and/or relationship between different variables or groups of respondents under
    study.
    7. RESEARCH DESIGN - It refers to the overall strategy that you choose in order to integrate the
    different components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby ensuring you will
    effectively address the research problem.
    8. TRUE-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN - It controls for both time-related and group-related threats. Two
    features mark true experiments: two or more differently treated groups; and random
    assignment to these groups.
    9. MULTIPLE REGRESSION PREDICTION STUDIES - All variables in the study can contribute to the
    over-all prediction in an equation that adds together the predictive power of each identified
    variable.
    10. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH DESIGN - Its main purpose is to observe, describe and document
    aspects of a situation as it naturally occurs and sometimes to serve as a starting point for
    hypothesis generation or theory development.

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