Differences Alif Hamza Wasly Qatai

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Difference between

‫الف & همزة‬


‫قطعي‬ ‫وصلي‬

‫ همزة قطعي‬/ ‫همزة اصلي‬ ‫همزة وصلي‬ ‫ال ف‬


(Cutting, disconnecting) 1 ‫ الف‬has no ‫حركة‬
( Joining, connecting) or no ‫جزم‬
It has a ‫ فتحة‬before that
1 It's always read, never omitted. 1 It's read if it comes in the
2 It always comes in the
It can be written as: beginning. But if it comes in
middle, it is not read. It has a middle or end; never in
‫ ئ‬، ‫ ؤ‬، ‫ ُأ‬، ‫ ِإ‬، ‫ َأ‬، ‫ء‬
small ‫ ص‬on top: ‫ٱ‬ the beginning
E.g.: ‫ م َآء ُك ُْم‬، ‫ي َْست َه ْزِ ُئ‬
E.g.: ‫ با‬، ‫ لا‬، ‫ما‬
E.g.:
‫ت‬ َ َ ‫ ف َٱن ْف‬was actually: ‫ت‬
ْ َ ‫جر‬ ْ َ ‫جر‬
َ َ ‫ف َا ِن ْف‬ 3 If it has a ‫ جزم‬then it is
2 ‫ اسم مصدر‬/ ‫فعل ماضي‬
not an ‫ الف‬but rather a ‫همزة‬
of Family 1: ‫مهموز‬
‫ ا َِم ٱْرتاَ بوُ ْا‬was actually: ‫ا َْم ا ِْرتاَ بوُ ْا‬ and it will be read with
E.g.: ‫ل‬
َ َ ‫ َأك‬، ‫ل‬ ْ ‫ َأ‬، ٌ ‫َأل ْم‬
ٌ ‫ك‬
2 The ‫ ال‬in ‫ اسم معرفه‬will take a twitch (glottal stop)
‫همزة وصلي‬
E.g.: ‫س‬
ٍ ْ َ‫ با‬، ‫ل‬
ٍ ْ ‫كو‬
ُ ْ ‫ما‬
3 ‫ فعل امر‬/ ‫ فعل ماضي‬/ ‫اسم مصدر‬
E.g.: ‫ ٱل ْق َل َم‬، ‫ٱلبيت‬
of Family IV 4 There are instances
E.g.: ‫ َأن ْز ِْل‬، َ ‫ َأْسل َم‬، ‫ن‬
ٌ ‫سا‬
ْ ‫ح‬
ْ ‫ِإ‬ The ‫ ال‬in ‫ اسم موصول‬will also take
‫همزة وصلي‬ where ‫ الف‬has a small
circle on top. In those
E.g.: ‫ن‬
َ ْ ‫ ٱل َ ّذ ِي‬، ‫ي‬
ْ ِ ‫ٱل َ ّذ‬
4 ‫ فعل مضارع‬of all families (big and
cases, we don't read ‫الف‬
small) with ‫ انا‬as ‫فاعل‬ They will get a ‫ فتحة‬if they come
E.g.: ِ ‫ل َا ْ ا ِلى الله‬
E.g.: ‫ب‬
ُ ُ ‫كت‬
ْ ‫ َأ‬، ُ ‫ ُأع َل ِ ّم‬، ُ ‫ ُأْسل ِم‬، ‫ب‬
ُ ِ ‫َأض ْر‬ in the beginning.

3 Certain ‫اسم‬ ٌ ‫م ِا ْ َئة‬


5 All kinds of ‫ حرف‬except ‫ال‬
E.g.: ، ‫ َأْم‬، ‫ ِإذ َا‬، ‫ ِإْذ‬، ‫ َأ‬، ‫ ِإل َى‬، ‫َأ َمّا‬ ، ‫ن‬
ِ ‫ ٱْسم َا‬، ٌ ‫ ٱبنة‬، ‫ن‬
ِ ‫ ٱبنا‬، ‫ ٱب ٌْن‬، ٌ‫ٱسم‬ ْ ‫ل ِي َب ْلوُ َا‬
‫ ِإ َلّا‬، َ ‫ ِإ َي ّاك‬، ‫ َأُّيه َا‬، ‫ن‬ ّ َ ‫ ِإ‬، ‫ن‬
َ ْ ‫ َأي‬، ‫ن‬ ّ َ ‫ َأ‬، ‫َأْو‬ ، ‫ن‬
ِ َ‫ ٱمرَ َأتا‬، ٌ ‫ ٱمرَ َأة‬، ‫ ٱثنان‬، ‫ن‬ ِ ‫ٱثن َتا‬
ْ ‫ل َْن ن َْدع ُو َا‬
‫ن‬ِ ‫ ٱْمرَ َئا‬، ‫ٱْمرُْو‬
6 It doesn't get omitted by ‫ لام التعر يف‬All these ‫ اسم‬will get ‫كسرة‬ َ in the
nor by ‫لام الحرف الجر‬
beginning
E.g.: ‫صح َاب‬
ْ ِ‫ ل َأ‬، ‫ا َْل ِإ ي ْم َان‬
4 ‫ فعل امر‬/ ‫ فعل ماضي‬/ ‫اسم مصدر‬
Family VII → X
7 Some pronouns: E.g.: ْ ‫ ٱْستغَ ْف ِر‬، ‫ب‬
َ َ َ‫ ٱقتْ ر‬، ‫ب‬
ٌ ‫ٱن ْقلِ َا‬
ْ ‫ َأن ْت ُم‬، ‫ت‬
َ ْ ‫ َأن‬، َ‫َأنا‬
5 ‫ فعل امر‬of Family I
E.g.: ‫ب‬ْ ِ ‫ ٱض ْر‬، ‫ ٱك ْر ُْم‬، ْ‫ٱن ْص ُر‬
‫ همزة قطعي‬/ ‫همزة اصلي‬
‫همزة وصلي‬
(Cutting, disconnecting)
( Joining, connecting)
8 Most isms with ‫ همزة‬are ‫قطعي‬
6 It wil be omitted when preceded
unless they have the reasons
by ‫ حرف الجر‬or ‫كيد‬
ِ ْ َ‫لام التو‬
mentioned to be ‫همزة وصلي‬
E.g.: ِ ‫ ل ِل ّٰه‬، ‫ل َل ْه ُدى‬
Examples: ٰ
- Isms with ‫ل‬
ُ َ ‫ َأف ْع‬pattern: 7 It will be omitted when it comes

‫ج‬
ُ َ‫ َأْعر‬، ُ ‫صغ َر‬
ْ ‫ َأ‬، ُ َ‫كبر‬
ْ ‫َأ‬ after ‫همزة الاستفهام‬

E.g.: ‫ك‬ َ ُ ‫َأا ِْسم‬


َ ُ ‫ك ← َأْسم‬
- Names:
‫ل‬
ُ ْ ِ‫ ِإْسم ٰعي‬، ُ ‫ِإ ب ْراَ ه ِي ْم‬

- Et cetera:
، ٌ ّ‫ ُأم‬، ٌ ‫ َأْرح َام‬، ‫ ِإص ْر ًا‬، ‫ب‬
ٌ ‫صح َا‬
ْ ‫ َأ‬، ‫ل‬
ٌ ْ ‫َأه‬
ُ ‫ ُأخ َر‬، ‫ب‬
ٌ ‫َأ‬

Compiled by Shumaila Shayan

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