OB MCQs ALL
OB MCQs ALL
CHAPTER 1
10. Which of these approaches argues that there is no single best way to manage behavior?
A. Hawthorne
B. Scientific management
C. System approach
D. contingency
12. Which of these leads to the human revolution movement in the evolution of OB?
A. Scientific management
B. Bureaucratic management
C. Administrative management
D. Hawthorne experiments
17. Whose concept states that interpersonal and human relations may lead to productivity
A. Elton Mayo
B. Henry Fayol
C. F.W. Taylor
D. A. Maslow
19. ___________ principle emphasizes on the hierarchical structure of an organization and represents the
line of authority at all levels of management .
ANS. Scalar chain
20. Which of these approaches to organizational behavior views the organization as a system of consciously
coordinated activities of various individuals in an organization?
A. System approach
B. Contingency approach
C. Classical approach
D. Neo-classical approach
22. External environment of the organization NOT include which of the following
A. Employee
B. Suppliers
C. Demographic factors
D. Political and legal systems
23. Organizations are becoming more homogeneous in their human resources due to
globalization.______(true/false)
ANS. False
24. Constant change leading to the problem of coping with temporariness require organizations to
continuously update the knowledge and skills of employees.______(TRUE /FALSE)
ANS. True
25. Reorganization, readjustments and employee training to enhance compatibility among employees helps
managers to overcome which of these issues?
A. Employee selection and retention
B. Employees trust on the organization
C. Diversity at workplace
D. Quality and flexibility at work
26. Which of the following factors decreases the trust of the employees on organization?
A. Downsizing
B. Restructuring
C. Reengineering techniques
D. All of the above
CHAPTER 2
5. Which of the following ability of an individual to exert force against external object?
a. Explosive strength
b. Trunk strength
c. Static strength
d. None of the above
20. Which of the following can job satisfaction lead to at the workplace?
a. Improved brainstorming
b. Better decision making
c. Improved problem solving
d. All of the above
CHAPTER 4
1. Which of these sub processes involves attaching a certain meaning of the registered stimulus?
a. Stimulus
b. Registration
c. Interpretation
d. Reaction
3. Unique, motions, sound, size and other characteristics of a target do not affect the way in which it is
perceived by individual (True / False)
Answer: False
4. When employees secretly attempt to justify themselves to their seniors, which impression construction
strategy do they use?
Answer: Demotion preventative strategy
6. Halo effect is the process of judging objects, people, etc, based on the popular impressions about them
with little heed to reality (True / False)
Answer: False
8. What is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give
meaning to their environment?
a. Interpretation
b. environmental analysis
c. Outlook
d. Perception
10. The cognitive process through which an individual selects, organizes but misinterprets environmental
stimuli is known as_________
a. Perception
b. Projection
c. Selective Perception
d. Mis-Perception
11. What is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give
meaning to their environment?
a. Interpretation
b. environmental analysis
c. Outlook
d. Perception
12. Two people see the same thing at the same time yet interpret it differently. Where do the factors that
operate to shape their dissimilar perceptions reside?
a. the perceivers
b. the target
c. the timing
d. the context
15. ______________________ is the process of screening out information that we are uncomfortable with or
that contradict to our beliefs
a. Perceptual context
b. Selective perception
c. Halo effect
d. Stereotyping
16. A Process of receiving, selecting, organizing, interpreting, checking and reacting to sensory stimuli or
data so as to form a meaningful and coherent picture of the world is
a. Attitude
b. thinking
c. Perception
d. Communication
17. The__________________ theory states that human mind will receive or accept only those information
which it feels that it is relevant.
a. Perception theory
b. Selective Perception
c. relevance Theory
d. none of the above
19. Putting people in to a convenient group on basis of some characteristics and make an assumption to
perceive is called as
a. Stereotyping
b. Perception
c. Perceiving
d. Group perception
20. _______________ is our perception of one personality trait influences how we view a person’s entire
personality.
a. Perception
b. Halo effect
c. Stereotyping
d. Individual Personality
21. Psychological process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to
give meaning to their environment is definition of
a. Attitude
b. thinking
c. Perception
d. Personality
22. ______________is the process of screening out information that we are uncomfortable with or that
contradict to our beliefs
a. Perceptual context
b. Selective perception
c. Halo effect
d. Stereotyping
23. ______________ is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in
order to give meaning to their environment.
a. Interpretation
b. Environmental analysis
c. Perception
d. Personality
24. Which one of the following is NOT a factor that influences perception?
a. Target
b. Medium
c. Perceiver
d. Situation
27. Expectations can distort your perceptions in that you will see what you expect to see.
a. True
b. False
28. Projection is the idea that people selectively interpret what they see based on their interests, background,
experience, and attitudes.
a. True
b. False
29. If you expect to see that older workers can't learn a new job skill, you will probably perceive that,
whether it is accurate or not.
a. True
b. False
30. Interviewers can make perceptual judgments that are often inaccurate during an employment interview.
a. True
b. False
31. What is the relationship between what one perceives and objective reality?
a. they are the same
b. they can be substantially different
c. They should be the same
d. They cannot be the same
32. The time at which an object or event is seen as an example of what type of factor influencing the
perceptual process.
a. perceiver
b. social
c. reality
d. situation
33. What is the name of the theory that deals with how we explain behavior differently depending on the
meaning we assign to actor?
a. Behavioural Theory
b. Judgement Theory
c. Selective perception Theory
d. Attribution Theory
34. When F. Scott Fitzgerald said, “The very rich are different from you and me” and Hemingway replied “
Yes, they have more money” Hemingway refused to engage in what shortcut to judge others?
a. projection
b. halo effect
c. stereotyping
d. prototyping
35. Which is not one of the steps in the rational decision making model?
a. defining the problem
b. identifying the decision criteria
c. computing the decision alternatives
d. selecting the best alternative
36. What are the three classes of factors that influence perception?
a. factors in the setting, factors in the environment and factors in the motives
b. factors in perceiver, factors in the target, and factors in the situation
c. factors in character, factors in knowledge and factors in experience
d. factors in personality, factors in character and factors in values
37. When individuals observe another person’s behavior, the attempt to determine whether its internally or
externally caused. This phenomenon is most directly relevant to the following:
a. projection theory
b. attribution theory
c. selective perception theory
d. expectancy theory
38. The more consistent a behavior, the more the observer is inclined to _______________
a. attribute it to interpretation
b. attribute it to internal causes
c. attribute it to consensus
d. attribute it to external causes
39. If a person responds the same way over time, attribution theory states that the behavior shows
____________
a. distinctiveness
b. consistency
c. continuity
d. stability
40. Shortcuts in judging other include all of the following, except _______________
a. stereotyping
b. halo effect
c. projection
d. self-serving bias
41. What do we call when we judge someone on the basis of our perception of the group to which he / she
belongs?
a. grouping
b. stereotyping
c. categorizing
d. assimilating
42. Perception refers to the way we organize and interpret the world around us. (True / False)
Answer: True
43. Individuals involved in the same situation will usually perceive the situation similarly (True / False)
Answer: False
44. An individual’s expectation have little effect on the perception. (True / False)
Answer: False
45. The relationship of a target to its background influences our perception to that target. (True / False)
Answer: True
46. Attribution theory looks at the internal and external causes of behavior. (True / False)
Answer: True
47. In attribution theory, distinctiveness refers to whether an individual displays different behavior in
different situations. (True / False)
Answer: True
49. When managers see their employees as more homogeneous than they really are, the managers probably
engaging in projection. (True / False)
Answer: True
50. Interviewers make perceptual judgements that are generally accurate during an employment interview.
(True / False)
Answer: False
51. Another name for self-serving bias is the Pygmalion effect. (True / False)
Answer: False
CHAPTER 5
1. If a permanent change occurs in the behaviour of an individual after experience, it is called_________.
A. Learning
B. Development
C. Transformation
D. None of the above
2. Learning is any relatively permanent change in behaviour that occurs as a result of_________?
A. Outcomes
B. Nature
C. Self-Realization
D. Experience
4. The change in individual behaviour should be a result of an experience OR practice and not due to
________
A. Environmental changes
B. Biological maturation
C. Psychological factors
D. None of the Above
5. Effective learning occurs only when whatever is learned is retained in the memory of the learner and is
carried to the workplace. (TRUE / FALSE).
7. The aim of organizational learning is to instill a desire among all the members of the organization to
determine new methods of improving their effectiveness. (TRUE / FALSE).
9. Organizational learning helps employees to change their behaviour as a result bringing efficiency in their
work. (TRUE / FALSE).
10. The primary objective of an organizational learning is to instill a desire among all the members of the
organization to find new ways to improve effectiveness (TRUE / FALSE).
11. Which of the following theory defines a process through which individuals learn voluntary behaviour
A. Social Learning Theory
B. Cognitive Learning Theory
C. Operant or Instrumental Conditioning Theory
D. Classical Conditioning Theory
12. Which of the following theory by Ivan Pavlov studies the relationship between the stimulus and response
A. Cognitive Learning Theory
B. Social Learning Theory
C. Operant or Instrumental Conditioning Theory
D. Classical Conditioning Theory
13. In the classical conditioning theory, ________ is used as a stimulus to make the dog salivate without
showing the bone
A. Food
B. Bell
C. Meat
D. None of the above
15. According to ________ theory, learning occurs when the perception of knowledge changes
A. Cognitive Learning Theory
B. Social Learning Theory
C. Operant or Instrumental Conditioning Theory
D. Classical Conditioning Theory
16. Cognitive, behavioural and environmental influences are included in the _______ learning theory
A. Cognitive Learning Theory
B. Social Learning Theory
C. Operant or Instrumental Conditioning Theory
D. Classical Conditioning Theory
17. Which of the following is not a factor influencing social learning of an individual?
A. Attention
B. Reproduction
C. Read
D. Retention
A. Punishment
B. Reinforcement
C. Extinction
D. Retention
A. Administering
B. Recognition
C. Reward
D. Benefit
21. Intermittent schedules can be classified as a ratio schedule and a _______schedule.
A. Variable
B. Regular
C. Average
D. Interval
23. _______ are the events that occur before the behaviour depicted by an individual.
A. Antecedents
B. Precedents
C. Contingencies
D. None of the Above
24. _______ increases the frequency of a particular behaviour in a person due to addition of a particular
stimulus.
A. Punishment
B. Extinction
C. Positive Reinforcement
D. Negative Reinforcement
25. _______ increases the frequency of a particular behaviour in a person due to removal of a particular
stimulus.
A. Punishment
B. Extinction
C. Positive Reinforcement
D. Negative Reinforcement
26. _______involves creating circumstances that do not allow any scope for occurrence of any undesirable
behaviour or result.
A. Positive Reinforcement
B. Punishment
C. Extinction
D. Negative Reinforcement
27. _______ is the complete absence of reinforcements either positive or negative for lowering the
probability of occurrence of undesirable behaviour of results.
A. Positive Reinforcement
B. Punishment
C. Extinction
D. Negative Reinforcement
A. Contingencies
B. Antecedents
C. Consequences
D. Behaviour
29. _______ is the result of the response/action taken by the individual in behaviour modification.
A. Contingencies
B. Antecedents
C. Consequences
D. Behaviour
30. _______ represents the first stage of information processing by human brain.
A. Sensory Memory
B. Pattern Recognition
C. Short term memory
D. Encoding
31. _______ is the ability of the individual to select and process a certain part of the information in the
sensory memory and ignore irrelevant information.
32. _______ is the process in which an individual tries to connect with the information gathered by relating it
with the information he/she already stores in the memory
33. _______ is the process of relating new information from the short-term memory with the information
already existing in the long term memory to make information more memorable
A. Encoding
B. Sensory Memory
C. Selection Attention
D. Pattern Recognition
A. Sensory Memory
B. Pattern Recognition
C. Long term memory
D. Short Term Memory
35. _______ is the interest an individual pays to factors such as distinctiveness, simplicity , prevalence,
functional value and complexity
A. Attention
B. Retention
C. Reproduction
D. Motivation
36. _______ involves remembering the subject or object to which an individual pays attention.
A. Attention
B. Retention
C. Reproduction
D. Motivation
37. _______ involves reproducing or projecting the image through physical capabilities and self-observation.
A. Attention
B. Retention
C. Reproduction
D. Motivation
38. _______ depicts the positive influence of remembering a positive event leading to a desirable outcome.
A. Attention
B. Retention
C. Reproduction
D. Motivation
39. A _______ system provides a mixed element of monetary and non-monetary benefit to match the
requirements of individual employees.
A. Administering
B. Reward
C. Financial
D. Benefit
40. ______ reduces initiative taking and ability for flexibility in employees.
A. Positive Reinforcement
B. Motivation
C. Punishment
D. Negative Reinforcement
CHAPTER 6
Q1) _____ includes monetary as well as non - monetary benefits.
A) Encouragement
B) Persuasion
C) Motivation
D) Inducement
Q2) _____ is one of the leading examples of companies that derive a competitive advantage out of
employee advantage.
A) Infosys
B) Google
C) Reliance Industries
D) Tata
Q3) The term 'motivation' is derived from the Latin word _____ meaning ' to move '.
A) Magna
B) Antiqua
C) Motus
D) Movere
Q5) According to _____ " motivation can be defined as a willingness to expand energy to achieve a goal or a
reward ".
A) Dubin
B) Dale S. Beach
C) Vance
D) W.G. Scott
Q6) Motivation leads to an urge to move in a particular direction and reach _____.
A) Post-set Goals
B) Target
C) Pre-set Goals
D) Destination
Q8) The cause of doing something or exibiting certain type of behaviour is known as _____.
A) Thinking
B) Assumption
C) Perception
D) Motive
Q11) Primary motives originate from the _____ system of a human being.
A) Organic
B) Nervous
C) Biological
D) Muscular
Q13) _____ motives are unlearned, but they are not physiologically based.
A) Tertiary
B) Secondary
C) General
D) Primary
Q17) The _____ approach successfully explains the food-seeking and mate-seeking behaviour of individuals.
A) Cognitive
B) Instant
C) Incentive
D) Drive-Reduction
Q18) Drive-Reduction Approach was proposed by _____.
A)Vance
B) Michael J. Jucius
C) Clark C. Hull
D) Hodge and Johnson
Q19) According to _____ approach, every living organism experiences certain drives or arousals that create a
feeling of anxiety and tension.
A) Drive-Reduction
B) Incentive
C) Instant
D) Cognitive
Q20) According to Incentive approach, motivation originates from the desire to achieve ______ or incentives.
A) Time-based Goals
B) External Goals
C) Internal Goals
D) Long Term Goals
Q22) The main focus of Cognitive approach does not remain on the individuals _____.
A) Anxiety
B) Morals
C) Beliefs
D) Perception
Q26) Vroom, Porter and Lawler, Adams and Locke studied motivation from a _____ perspective.
A) Cognitive
B) Instant
C) Process
D) Content
Q27) The most famous need hierarcy theory of motivation has been given by psychologist _____.
A) Abraham Maslow
B) William James
C) Herzberg
D) Albert Bandura
Q29) Social esteem and _____ needs are considered as higher-order needs.
A) Self-discovery
B) Self-actualisation
C) Self-realization
D) Self-esteem
Q30) The physiological, safety and social needs are considered as _____ needs whereas esteem and self-
actualisation needs are considered as _____ needs.
A) Deficiency, Stagnation
B) Excessive, Growth
C) Deficiency, Growth
D) Primary, Secondary
Q33) Extrinsic Factors are the factors in the absence of which _____ is created among employees.
A) Curiosity
B) Comfort
C) Anxiety
D) Dissatisfaction
Q35) Unlike Maslow's model, the ERG Theory includes a _____ process.
A) Frustration-Weakening
B) Frustration-Regression
C) Irritation-Regression
D) Irritaion-Weakening
Q37) _____ theories explain the mechanism through which human needs change.
A) Process
B) Content
C) Goal Setting
D) Vroom Expectancy
Q39) According to the _____ theory, feedback and commitment lead to higher performance and bridge the
gap between the actual and expected performance of individuals.
A) Reinforcement
B) Content
C) Goal Setting
D) Equity
Q43) According to the _____ theory, a balance between the inputs and outputs creats a strong and
productive relationship between the employees and employers.
A) Equity
B) Porter and Lawler's Expectancy
C) Process
D) Argyris's Theory
Q45) Reinforcement Theory proposes that an individual's behaviour is a function of its _____.
A) Repercussions
B) Aftermaths
C) Commencement
D) Consequences
Q50) _____ refers to assigning different roles and responsibilities to employees at different times to increase
their interest in their jobs.
A) Monetary Benefits
B) Job Rotation
C) Employees' Skills Up-gradation
D) Job Enrichment
CHAPTER 7
1. What are the personality traits of leadership?
Ans: Dominance, self-confidence, high energy
4. Define Leadership
Ans: Leadership is the ability of an individual to persuade other individuals to behave in a
particular way, willingly.
5. Which leadership skills helps in maintaining a positive professional relationship with other individual?
Ans: Assertive skills
7. Before starting new project what manager have to present to his employee
Ans: The goals and organisational benefits of the project.
29. ____________ scale is used by managers to rate the least preferred co-worker in the organisation.
Ans: Least preferred co-worker.
30. ____________ leaders usually see their LPCs more negatively, resulting in lower scores.
Ans: Task-oriented leaders.
33. ____________ is the ability of individuals to control impulsive feelings and behaviours.
Ans: Self-management.
36. ____________ possesses higher degree of emotional intelligence and the ability to connect with their
followers.
Ans: Resonant leaders.
38. Who are the most valued and productive leaders in organisation?
Ans: Leaders who have strong traits of emotional intelligence.
59. Experienced and seasoned leaders, who are aware of organisational and employee needs, tend to adopt
which leadership style?
Ans: Situational leadership style.
60. Leaders following the __________________ leadership style extend the least possible guidance to
employees and attempt to control them through less obvious means.
Ans: Laissez faire leadership.
CHAPTER 8
1) A group refers to a collection of ___ individuals who come together to accomplish their common
objectives.
a. Three or more
b. Two or more
c. Only two
d. All of the above
Ans. B
Ans. D
3) A team refers to a set of ___ individuals who come together to realize their pre-determined goals.
a. One
b. Two
c. Two or more
d. All of the above
Ans. C
Ans. A
Ans. C
Ans. A
7) Which of the communication model is followed by Informal group?
a. Chain model
b. Wheel model
c. Cluster model
d. Free flow model
Ans. C
8) In which model, the group members are not allowed to communicate among themselves?
a. Chain model
b. Wheel model
c. Circular model
d. Inverted V model
Ans. B
9) A degree to which group members feel connected to one another and be a part of the group as a whole
is called ___.
a. Free rider tendency
b. Perception
c. Ambiguity
d. Group Cohesiveness
Ans. D
Ans. B
Ans. A
12) The word propinquity is derived from the Latin word propinquitas, which means ___.
a. Interaction
b. Spatial
c. Nearness
d. Balance
Ans. C
Ans. D
Ans. B
15) ___ team not exist physically, yet works with the help of teleconferencing and videoconferencing.
a. Virtual team
b. Face-to-face team
c. Problem solving team
d. Self managed team
Ans. A
Ans. C
Ans. D
18) The model which facilitates faster communication is called ___?
a. Inverted V model
b. Circular model
c. Free flow model
d. Wheel model
Ans. C
Ans. D
Ans. C
21) The model that facilitates the communication of a group member, not only with his/her own superior,
but also with his/her superiors superior.
a. Inverted V Model
b. Chain Model
c. Free Flow Model
d. Circular Model
Ans. A
Ans. B
Ans. D
24) Which model does generally the communication among the group takes a lot of time?
a. Free Flow model
b. Wheel model
c. Circular model
d. Chain Model
Ans. C
25) A group wherein intimate interaction, Information communication, and cooperation among members
takes place.
a. Secondary Group
b. Primary Group
c. Friendship Group
d. Reference Group
Ans. B
26) A group of individuals who share some common characteristics, such as age or religion.
a. Friendship Group
b. Task Group
c. Interest Group
d. Command Group
Ans. A
27) Confusion between the perceived role and actual role of any member of the group is due to___.
a. Conflict
b. Expectations
c. Ambiguity
d. Trust
Ans. C
Ans. B
29) The stage where power struggle can also occur wherein the members decide the informal leader of the
group is also called as ___ stage.
a. Performing
b. Forming
c. Norming
d. Confrontation
Ans. D
Ans. A
31) Individuals or Groups might be resistant to adapt to any new ___ in an organization.
a. Change
b. Behavior
c. Norms
d. Variables
Ans. A
32) A process wherein an individual tends to compromise on his/her idea and agrees to the idea of the
group.
a. Groups
b. Group Dynamics
c. Groupthink
d. Group Cohesiveness
Ans. C
Ans. D
34) Manager and his/her Subordinate who belongs to the same area such as the finance department or the
marketing department.
a. Self-Managed Team
b. Functional Team
c. Cross Functional Team
d. Problem-Solving Team
Ans. B
35) ___ Groups are the groups that people form to satisfy their social needs.
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Informal
d. Formal
Ans. C
CHAPTER 9
5. Stress is
A. Anatomical stimulus
B. Social stimulus
C. Psychological stimulus
D. None of the above
Ans. C
7 stress is based on
A. Response based
B. External stimulus
C. Variable factors
D. All of the above.
Ans. A
8. Response based stress is not due to external stimulators
True or false
Ans. True
23. An employee having increasing sales faces job related stress fitting in which model
A. JD resources model
B. Demand control model
C. Efforts rewards imbalance model
D. None of the above
Ans. A
24 An hard working employee faces job dissatisfaction after some time due to
A. JD resources model
B. Demand control model
C. Efforts rewards imbalance model
D. None of the above
Ans. C
25. An employee has no discretion in selling products but his sales figures are monitored causing stress due to
A. JD resources model
B. Demand control model
C. Efforts rewards imbalance model
D. None of the above
Ans. B
A. Work overload.
B. Political.
C. Technological.
D. All of the above
Ans. A
37. Group stress is categorized into two areas ——- and ———-
Ans. Lack of group support and lack of group cohesiveness.
1) Conflict is the struggle between incompatible or opposing needs, wishes, ideas, interests, or people by
whom this definition is given? :-
a) Pondy
b) Chung & Meggison
c) Stephen P. Robbin
d) None of these
2) Who gave the definition, “The condition of the objective incompatibility between values and goals as the
behavior of deliberately interfering with another’s goal achievement; and emotionally in term of hostility
conflict.
a) Pondy
b) Chung & Meggison
c) Stephen P. Robbin
d) None of these
3) According to the which view, all types of conflicts are harmful to an organization.
a) Human Relations Views Of Conflicts
b) Traditional View
c) Interactionist View of Conflicts
6) The harmonious, passive groups are porn to become stagnant and non-responsive towards the needs for
change and innovation, in which can be major hindarance in the progress of the organization, by whom this
definition is given :-
a) Pondy
b) Chung & Meggison
c) Stephen P. Robbin
d) None of these
9) Which can be defined as the friction, which results from perceived or actual differences that exist among
individuals or groups :- Conflict
10) Which conflicts refer to constructive conflicts that support that the goals of the organizations and improve
its performance.
a) functional conflicts
b) Dysfunctional conflicts
c) None of these
11) In which conflict, A great way to improve team’s performance is stimulating and hence generating
innovative ideas.
a) Dysfunctional conflicts
b) Functional conflict
12) Which method involves the conducting a debate of opposing views before taking any decision.
:- Dialectic method
13) It involves assigning the team member a roll of a critic, what advocacy does it come in?
:- Devil’s Advocacy
14) Conflict consists of various disputes and disagreements that hinder the performance of the company,
which conflict does it come in?
a) Functional conflict
b) Dysfunctional conflict
15) In which method, it involves encouraging opposing parties to face the issue collectively, generate the
solution and, and select the most appropriate action.
a) Obliging
b) Dominating
c) Integrating(Problem solving method)
16) A party neglects their own concern to satisfy the concern of the opposing, what approach does it come
in?
a) Obliging
b) Dominating
c) Integrating (Problem solving method)
17) People with an I-win-you-lose mentality, which approach do people of this mentality follow?
a) Obliging
b) Dominating
c) Integrating (Problem solving method)
18) How many types of conflicts?
:- 2( Inter- personal conflicts, inter group conflict)
19) Which type of conflict considered to be a major level conflict that can occur between two individuals like
co-worker, siblings, spouses etc.
a) inter group conflict
b) inter personal conflict
c) intra individual conflicts
d) none of these
22) Which and when this concept refers to communication model used to improve understanding among
individuals.
:Johari window in 1955
25) Which quadrant includes behavior, knowledge, skills, attitude and public history?
a) Hidden area
b) Blind area
c) Open area
d) Unknown area
26) Which quadrant includes information that we are not aware ourselves but others know about us for ex:-
feelings of inadequacy, incompetence, unworthiness or rejection?
a) Hidden area
b) Blind area
c) Open area
d) Unknown area
27) Which quadrant represents information that we know about ourselves, but others don’t know about us?
a) Hidden area
b) Blind area
c) Open area
d) Unknown area
31) What is the very effective way to resolve inter group conflict?
:- Face to face meeting
32) Which conflict occur within an individual argues with himself/herself about an issue?
a) inter group conflict
b) inter personal conflict
c) intra-individual conflicts
d) none of these
33) In which conflict is this arise out of approach - approach, approach – avoidance, avoidance – avoidance
situations.
a) Frustration
b) Role – conflict
c) Goal - conflict
34) Which conflict occurs when an individual has to choose between to equally attractive alternatives?
a) approach – avoidance
b) approach – approach
c) avoidance – avoidance
d) None of these
35) Which conflict occurs when an alternative has both positive and negative consequences?
a) approach – avoidance
b) approach – approach c
c) avoidance – avoidance
d) None of these
36) which situation occurs when a person has to choose between competing and alternatives, both of which
have negative consequences
a) approach – avoidance
b) approach – approach
c) avoidance – avoidance
d) None of these
37) which approach is a direct approach of resolving conflict in which the source of the conflict is removed?
a) Compromise
b) increasing resources
c) avoidance
d) problem solving
38) Which source is refers to a technique in which both of conflicting parties are require to give up their
personal motives and thinks collectively to resolve a conflict.
a) Compromise
b) increasing resources
c) avoidance
d) problem solving
39) Which approach is an indirect approach of resolving conflicts, in this approach, the cause of conflict is
avoided?
a) Compromise
b) increasing resources
c) avoidance
d) problem solving
40) Which source in involves various techniques, such as training to change the human behavior or attitude
to deal with conflict in a better manner.
a) Compromise
b) increasing resources
c) avoidance
d) Altering the human variable
41) In which concept this idea comes in” The manager, who can initiate arguments and oppose the already
set-ideas to induce the conflict in the organization”
:-Devil’s advocate
43) Which conflict indicate that human behavior is led by needs, which guide the activities of an individual?
:- Individual-level conflict
CHAPTER 11
1. According to Max Weber, a principal architect of modern sociology “Power is the probability that one
actor within a social relationship will be in a position to carry out his own will despite resistance ”. True/ False
Answer-True
2. According to Abraham Lincoln “ If you want to test a man’s character, give him power”. True/ False
Answer-True
3. refers to influencing people with or without the advantage of a formal position or role,
whereas power refers to getting people to do things owing to the formal platform or charter an individual
holds in an organisation.
A) Leadership
B) Team Work
C) Managing
D) Conflicts
A) Reward Power
B) Coercive Power
C) Legitimate Power
D) Expert Power
A) Reward Power
B) Coercive Power
C) Legitimate Power
D) Expert Power
A) Reward Power
B) Referent Power
C) Legitimate Power
D) Expert Power
10. Individuals, who can control information about existing operations, develop information regarding
alternatives, or acquire knowledge about future events, possess massive power to influence the behavior of
other individuals in the organization is known as?
A) Knowledge as power
B) Resources as power
C) Decision making as power
D) Networks as power
A) Knowledge as power
B) Resources as power
C) Decision making as power
D) Networks as power
12. Individuals use certain strategies to gain power and manipulate the bases of power for specific actions
such as influencing the behaviour of other individuals, gaining a particular advantage is known as?
A) Power Tactics
B) Power Strategies
C) Power Goals
D) Power Attainment
16. Power is a fundamental need within groups to influence the behaviour of other individuals and make
important group decisions. Unfortunately, sometimes members of a group express their need for power in
inappropriate and socially unacceptable ways. True/False
Answer-True
17. Negative politics has been identified as one of the major sources of stress within existing organisations. It
includes the use of destabilising methods to promote personal agendas, distract other individuals; and
compromise the interests, welfare, and goals of other employees. True/False
Answer-True
20. of an organisation has a direct impact on its culture. Positive aspects of politics, such
as strategy and decision making, conflict management, employee recognition and support, etc., may improve
the organisational culture, but negative politics may ruin it.
Answer- The Political Environment
21. According to a study conducted by Talent Scout (Surviving Office Politics), “18% of an administrator's
time (more than nine weeks out of every year) is spent resolving conflicts among employees”. Such conflicts
are usually caused due to workplace politics leading to problems for employees to work together. True/False
Answer-True
22. Personality is an outcome of the basic personal values and personality traits of an individual, which also
determines the political behaviour of the individual. Does Personality of an individual helps to overcome
politics or play politics in any Organisation. . True/False
Answer-True
23. refer to the characteristics or qualities that distinguish one individual from another. For
example, being ambitious, persistent, courageous, etc. are personality traits of individuals.
Answer- Personality Traits
24. refer to the broad goals that act as guiding principles for individuals such as honesty,
dignity, etc. Basic values differ for each individual, which explains the reason for the different personality
individuals possess.
Answer- Personal Values
27. Focussing on the Big Five Model of Personality helps to reshape political attitude and thus the political
behaviour of individuals in an organisation. True/False
Answer-True
28. This dimension defines the extent of an individual’s reliability. An individual with high is
usually responsible, organized, dependable, and persistent.
Answer- Conscientiousness
29. implies using facts and figures in a logical manner such that the request being made is
detailed and prepared well
Answer- Rationality
30. implies making requests, along with a promise of rewards, on the completion of work.
Managers may promise a promotion or increment to individuals on accomplishing a task or threaten to
withhold promotion and rule out salary increments on non-completion of tasks.
Answer- Sanctions
31. This implies getting help from other individuals in the organization through alliances and coalitions with
co-workers and subordinates.
Answer- Coalition
32. There are specialized groups within organizations that perform a variety of functions such as industrial
relationships, bargaining, vendor decisions, etc. At times, when complex situations arise in an organization,
the guidance and advice of specialized groups are sought by other departments is known as .
Answer- Uncertainty Absorption
33. When organizations have to deal with complex situations, if the guidance of the specialized group is
substituted with the guidance and advice of an external agency or consultant, the power of the specialized
group is reduced or eliminated is known as .
Answer- Substitutability
34. implies that the department may exert power over other departments owing to its
importance in the functioning of other departments
Answer- Integrative Importance
CHAPTER 12
1. The cultural perspective that gives predominant important culture of the parent organisation is termed
a. Ethnocentricism
b. Polycentricism
c. Geocentricism
d. None of the above
2. Global MNCs like McDonald's were successful because they were able to replicate their time-tested home
country culture across their subsidiaries in different countries.
a. True
b. False
4. Which of the following statements best describes a cultural difference that is relevant for global MNCs
operating in several national cultures?
a. Simple things like handshake and greetings in different cultures can make or mar the success of business
communication.
b. Some countries have societies that value individualism while others value collectivism.
c. In some countries, the role of the manager is seen as one of expert while in others, a manager is only
expected to facilitate problem-solving.
d. All of the above
5. Geert Hofstede did a pioneering work on cultural value differences across countries in the 1970s. He
did a survey on work-related values with the IBM and its subsidiaries in 40 countries. Around 116,000 IBM
employees participated in the survey.
8. GLOBE study expanded the Hofstede five cultural dimensions into eight dimensions, viz.
institutional collectivism, in-group collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, power distance, gender
egalitarianism, assertiveness, performance orientation and human orientation.
10. As per GLOBE study, leadership acceptance is a function of interaction between culturally endorsed
implicit leadership theories (CLTS) and leadership attributes and behaviours.
11. In Hofstede's classification and definition of cultural dimensions, lower power distance means the
societies stress equality and opportunity.
a. True
b. False
12. Hofstede's study found that national cultures have no relevance to the IBM's organisational culture in
different subsidiaries owing to its strong parent cultural values.
a. True
b. False
13. The cultural dimension of Feminity refers to a cultural orientation that values preferences for life
quality, modesty and interpersonal relationships in Hofstede's six cultural dimensions.
14. Research shows that content theories of motivation like Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory can
generally be considered universally applicable across different cultures.
a. True
b. False
15. When dealing with interpersonal behaviours in a multicultural setting, it is advisable to promote a unique
organisational culture based on similarities.
a. True
b. False
17. The reason for difficulties in communication between professionals from countries like the USA and Japan
can be attributed to the following:
a. Verbal styles do not match in any context between the US and Japan.
b. Verbal styles do not matter in business communication.
c. Different countries follow different verbal styles and interaction focus.
d. Both (a) and (c)
18. Which of the following statements is true with regard to multicultural teams?
a. Multicultural teams are difficult to manage due to cultural diversity.
b. Multicultural teams can lead to productivity loss if not properly managed.
c. Multicultural teams have potential to provide superior performance compared to homogeneous teams.
d. All of the above.
19. While managing multicultural teams, the best way to tackle cultural differences is to
a. Emphasis the similarities between cultures and ignore the differences
b. Recognize the differences and value them
c. Leverage the differences and ignore the similarities
d. None of the above
20. Technology can be a great driver for global convergence of national cultures.
a. True
b. False
21. International HRM has additional three dimensions, viz. cross-cultural dimension, international
HRM policies and international industrial relations.
22. Since IHRM is largely differentiated by cross-cultural aspects, the field of organisational behaviour in its
international perspective becomes crucial.
23. The trend of globalization has made domestic companies to evolve from multi-domestic to
multinational to transnational or global firms as their focus expands beyond domestic markets.
25. Culture plays an important role in organisational strategies. As companies move beyond their countries,
they need to understand cultural variations across countries starting from basic social values to leadership
styles.
26. National cultures can vary in every basic aspect of cultural dimensions and these differences could be
of great importance to corporate strategies of MNCs.
27. It is important for HR managers to understand the significance national cultures when implementing
HR policies. These HR policies should consider the international aspects of OB. OB theories and
concepts should be evaluated from an international perspective for their universal applicability.
28. Communication is the most visible differentiator in terms of the impact of cross-cultural variations on
OB concepts. Communication barriers increase in international transactions due to cultural variations starting
from the use of language, verbal style, non-verbal communication, and perception-based on
cultural values, etc.
29. Multicultural teams have become a normal feature with global corporations. These teams are difficult to
manage but offer higher potential for superior performance if properly managed.
30. Technological developments can lead to global convergence of cultures. Technology can be used to
reinforce cultural values leading to divergence of cultures or to promote convergence towards a global
culture. Organisations should take cognizance of such implications of technology in their international
strategies.
31. Collectivism: A social orientation or cultural value where the emphasis is on the good of the group,
community or society rather than the good of the individual.
32. Content theories: The type of motivation theories that are based on what actuates, energizes or
initiates the worker Behaviour.
33. Expatriate: An employee who is working and temporarily residing in a foreign country.
34. Host country: The country where an MNC is operating and has established a foreign subsidiary.
35. Individualism: The extent to which the individual initiative and caring for oneself is preferred by
society.
36. Low-context communication: A type of communication style where players tend to communicate
more to the point and verbalize all important information.
37. Paternalistic: The manner of managing or governing individuals, groups, or businesses that
characterizes a fatherly and sometimes intrusive attitude that may restrict the freedom and
responsibilities of the dependents or subordinates in their supposed larger interest.