Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Research TVL Group 1
Research TVL Group 1
Practical Research I
Researchers
Vidal, Lyka
Andaya, Jermeine
Abogado, Felix L.
May 2021
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
i
The researchers would like to sincerely extend their gratitude to the people who have
been part of their study. The researchers are genuinely grateful for the unwavering support and
contribution to make this research efficient and successful. Despite this challenging pandemic,
the researchers have overcome every obstacle they encounter. However, teachers, parents, and
fellow researchers are willing to help in accomplishing the study. The success of this research are
To Mrs. Lalaine Aberia, their dearest teacher who guided and extended the making of
the research. The researchers are grateful for the tireless understanding, guiding them virtually,
correcting mistakes as they conduct this research. If not for you, they would have done nothing
The researchers are also grateful to Ms. Jhana Marie A. Belhida, their research editor,
who is willing to help despite their mistakes and distance. Thank you for the time, knowledge,
College Foundation, who devoted their time enthusiastically in honestly participating and
answering their questionnaire even if they only answered online or Google-forms, they still
provided the information and data needed for this research. Thank you for your invaluable
kindness in responding to the research questionnaire. Without your cooperation and willingness,
To their fellow students who helped by sharing their ideas and knowledge about the
research, thank you so much for the support and having the researchers back when needed.
ii
To their parents who fully understood and supported their needs, financially and
morally, thank you very much. The researchers appreciate your patience, love, and courage when
Above all, glory be to God as he guides the researchers in every step of making the study
possible. The researchers are thankful to you for giving them enough knowledge, determination,
and motivation to carry out this study—all praise to God for hearing their prayers, especially
iii
DEDICATION
This research is wholeheartedly dedicated to Dear Lord, who has given strength and
unending guidance to everyone, especially those included in the making of this research.
Second, this is also dedicated to our fellow students struggling and not giving up on the
current state of education and the hardships we are experiencing in distance learning, especially
to Technical Vocational and Economics (TVL) students, who seek appropriate skills and
knowledge. Moreover, this research will hopefully serve as a voice that caught the government
Third, to the parents and teachers who guide and address our grievances and provide
advice and knowledge on areas we do not know. This research is for you to inspire and rejoice in
those you have helped. Once again, thank you so much. This is all for you.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
iv
TITLE
Page
Title Page.............................................................................................................................. i
Acknowledgement............................................................................................................... iii - iv
Dedication............................................................................................................................ v
Table of Contents................................................................................................................. v
Abstract................................................................................................................................
CHAPTER
1 INTRODUCTION
2 LITERATURE REVIEW
Concept 1.............................................................................................................. 6-
7
v
Concept 2.............................................................................................................. 7-
8
Concept 3.......................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Related Studies.......................................................................................... 9-
12
Study 1.............................................................................................................. 9-
10
Study 2.............................................................................................................. 10 -
11
Study 3.............................................................................................................. 11 -
12
2.4 Synthesis...................................................................................................... 12
14
3 METHODOLOGY
16
3.3 Instruments................................................................................................... 17
3. 5 Data Analysis.................................................................................................. 17 -
18
5 CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary.....................................................................................................
5.2 Conclusions.................................................................................................
5.3 Recommendations.....................................................................................
ABSTRACT
This research aims to characterize and understand the impact of modular learning on the students of
Technical, Vocational, and Economics students. The researchers have an in-depth study about the Impact of
Modular Classes In Technical Vocational Livelihood (TVL) Students: Salient In Educement Capability And Skill In
Distance Learning. It will show the perspective, positive and negative influence, and suggestions in modular
learning. This research underwent a qualitative method and used convenient sampling, in which the respondents
were selected by the researchers based on "convenience." In addition, researchers used electronically distributed
questionnaires to obtain data needed in the study. The respondents are twenty (20) Technical Vocational and
Livelihood (TVL) students who are currently enrolled and choose modular learning as a method in Our Lady of
Lourdes College Foundation- Senior High School Department. Their responses were held confidential and
vii
adequately analyzed by the researchers. The result emerged based on the respondents' data that the implementation
of modular education among Technical Vocational and Economics students is not effective in developing skills and
knowledge in the course. However, the positive effect of modular learning was to prevent the spread of the Covid-19
virus. Although it has a positive effect, it still negatively influences students by which is not accurate and convenient
in providing the appropriate skills and knowledge needed in the course. Meanwhile, the students suggested that there
should be limited face-to-face classes to execute each lesson and skill. However, the health protocols enforced by
the government should be followed.
Keywords: modular study, Technical Vocational, and Economic, perspective, suggestion, negative and positive
impact
viii
CHAPTER 1
1. INTRODUCTION
under the Philippines' senior high school programs. Its objective is to equip the youth for
employment or livelihood that they will use in their future. Therefore, it requires
systematic education and information. Whereas, as a result of the pandemic that occurred,
the education system has been reformed. Then, there were restrictions and principles on
continuing education. Every government has been open to these circumstances. Thus,
significantly impacted proficiency. It has been varied by printed modules that must be
learned without professionals and used by common sense. However, it is not reasonable
for students to pass the Technical Vocational Livelihood course. Although youths have
include sections on motivation and assessment that serve as a complete guide of both
teachers' and students' desired competencies. Teachers will monitor the learners' progress
through home visits (following social distancing protocols) and feedback mechanisms
and guide those who need special attention (Manlangit et al. 2020).
1
According to Diosdado M. San Antonio (2020), Undersecretary of the
Department of Education, they expect that the Modular Instruction will cause confusion
or complaints to the youth, especially to the parents. However, there is nothing to worry
about because the teachers are still there who are willing to help and make the lessons
understandable.
in shaping their ability and skills. In addition, they will lose interest and desire to
graduate due to the possible impact on their education. They say that the module is a
solution to further education, especially for those without the internet, but instead of
being practical, it can be dangerous to their lives and knowledge. Systematic teaching is
what they need to achieve their desires in life and dreams. The importance of teaching in
This research was conducted to make the readers understand the potential impact
of the modular study on the students of Technical Vocational in Economics. Its goal is to
inform young people about the positive and negative effects of distance learning on their
learning and lifestyle and inform those involved and professionals about the appropriate
solution to the effectiveness of distance learning. This research plays a vital role because
it will serve as a guide and guidance to the readers in their daily lives. It helps to answer
the confusion, be aware of the present, guaranteed information on right and wrong, and
2
1.2 Research Questions
2. What is the effect of modular education on senior high school students in the
study?
This research presents the significant benefits and will be helpful in the following:
Students. This study will help as a voice to the students' suggestions and obtain
appropriate and systematic education. It will also help shape their skills and abilities that
Teachers. It will be helpful to know the possible impact of this on their students
regarding modular learning. Thus, they measure what they still need to do in teaching and
3
Parents. The results of this study will help them to know the positive and
negative influence that modular study can bring on their teenage children. It will also
School. This research will serve as a guide and basis to further develop the school
system and policy. This will make the purpose of learning effectively with the students.
suggestions and grievances of the students. Other than that, see the appropriate action on
the problem they need to solve and put an end to this problem.
Future Researchers. This will help them to have enough ideas, a broad
perspective, and a well-rounded educational mentality in the future. In addition, the case
This research attempted to assess the perspective and possible impact of modular
learning on Technical, Vocational, and Economic courses due to changes in the education
system. Primarily, this research focuses are students who choose a modular learning
mode currently Senior High School student and studying at Our Lady of Lourdes College
Foundation with a Technical, Vocational, and Economics course. This study was
delimitated in this way given that the appropriate participant in this study covers TVL -
track students, except that they are the only ones with the capable information and
insights to be provided.
4
It should be noted that the present study did not cover the entire population of
Senior High School students with Technical Vocational and Economics courses
throughout the Philippines. In addition, this study delimitated the scope of the study due
to lack of instruments, finances, time, and limitation of outdoor and indoor activities
since the government implemented safety protocols. This will be concluded in just one
5
CHAPTER 2
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
This study will find publications related to this research, such as newspapers, books, web
pages, and other references that can be used as a basis for analysis. This study aimed was to
develop web publications as an intervention. However, a literature review will support, the basis
and expand the information related to the studies as a piece of evidence. It bridges the gap
between what is already known and what is still unknown. This review includes both local and
foreign literature.
most students prefer to use the "modular" distance learning option. Since face-to-face
classes are not yet allowed, the DepEd will implement Blended / Distance learning. Some
401, 903 prefer "other" alternative learning modalities while 744, 648 learners want to
use television. Meanwhile, a total of 2, 074, 010 learners said that they wanted online
while 1,940, 054 responded that they prefer combination of face- to-face with other
modalities.
DepEd has prepared different learning delivery modalities for each learner to suit
their need and capacity, Briones said. "DepEd puts focus on self-learning modules as the
primary learning tool that can cater to all students," she said. The different Regions are in
the last stage of completing module development as well as aligning earlier developed
6
Concept 2. According to Jesus Felix Galias (2020), he cited that Senior High
School learners are the ones heavily affected by school closures amid COVID-19.
Learning has been done remotely, through modules, internet, television, or radio. For
instance, adjustments to distance learning can be the hardest in low-income contexts and
among vulnerable learners. Some specializations that can switch to distance learning
more easily are those with a stronger emphasis on academic subjects. TVL track which
may lead to the learners' opportunity to qualify for a National Certificate II (NCII) has
outcomes for SHS TVL learners. However, taking the NCII assessment has not been
Immersion (WI) for TVL track. This is severely affected during this COVID-19 crisis
scenario.
Meanwhile, according to the Manila Times (2020) they cited that problems with
educators, there are two serious problems with the educational modules. The expense of
reproducing and distributing the printed modules has already exhausted the funds
available to schools and teachers, they say. To add insult to injury, the educators said
Briones opposed the inclusion of additional allowance for teachers in the 2021 national
budget. We might suggest that, in the interest of speed, clarity and actionable results, the
University of Oklahoma that despite the problems, many users like technologies such as
compressed video and see continued growth in the area. One of the earlier forms of
7
distance learning was done through correspondence courses. Today, the internet and
compressed video have taken distance learning in new directions. Live video instruction
is the most popular and fastest growing delivery mode in the U.S.
wide spectrum of technologies". In contrast, all students are suited to this type of learning
and not all subjects are best taught via this medium. More mature students are the most
likely to find success with distance learning. Many distance learners are different from
traditional undergraduates in that they are already in professions. Compressed video can
magnify the strengths and weaknesses of the instructor. Students are prone to pick up on
a lack of organization and direction and respond with apathy and absenteeism. The lack
of interaction can cause problems when there is a dissenting opinion that cannot be
revealing the effect of educational modules strategy on the direct and postponed study's
conventional approach. Researchers use the quantitative research design. Moreover, the
sample of the study consists of (174) male and female students randomly chosen from
schools in the city of Mafraq, students are divided into two groups: Control and
modular strategy for teaching scientific concepts in the science text book for primary
8
seventh grade, though the development of achievement test to measure the direct and the
postponed achievement by the study's sample. The consistency and reliability of the test
The study's results revealed that students in the experimental group are superior
to students in the control group in both types of achievement. At the same time results
showed the lack of difference between male and female students in direct and long-term
achievement test. Based upon the study's results, researcher recommends the necessity to
use more modern means to teach students the "Science" domain such as modules
strategy, to hold courses and workshops for teachers training on implementing modules
strategy. Furthermore, to make available textbook and references which facilities this
style of teaching. Finally, is to conduct similar studies over different domains, such as
physics and mathematics. The study shows that modular classes are more effective and
community of K–12 education has seen explosive growth over the last decade in distance
learning programs, defined as learning experiences in which students and instructors are
separated by space and/or time. While elementary and secondary students have learned
through the use of electronic distance learning systems since the 1930s, the development
schools may be ideally suited to meet the needs of stakeholders calling for school choice,
high school reform, and workforce preparation in 21st century skills. The growth in the
numbers of students learning online and the importance of online learning as a solution to
educational challenges has increased the need to study more closely the factors that affect
9
student learning in virtual schooling environments. This meta-analysis is a statistical
review of 116 effect sizes from 14 web delivered K–12 distance education programs
studied between 1999 and 2004. The analysis shows that distance education can have the
instruction. The study-weighted mean effect size across all outcomes was -0.028 with a
in performance between students who participated in online programs and those who
positive or negative effects. The factors that were tested included academic content area,
grade level of the students, role of the distance learning program, role of the instructor,
length of the program, type of school, frequency of the distance learning experience,
distance education, and the setting of the students. Thus, the study shown that there's an
Study 3. Meanwhile, According to Sufiana K. Malik (2012) she indicated that the
present paper addresses the differential effect on students’ general comprehension taught
addition, the research design use is qualitative and was conducted in one male and one
female secondary school. Sample for conducting experiment was selected randomly from
package for social science through independent sample t test. Conclusions showed that
10
comprehension of students. Findings depicted that students taught through modular
approach gained higher mean score in teacher made general comprehension-based test
than students taught through traditional approach. Findings reported significant gender
difference in general comprehension of male and female students where male students
However, the study shown that the modular and traditional classes have significant
2.3 Synthesis
In conclusion, the related studies and literature's revealed that modular classes has
positive and negative impact among Technical Vocational and Economics courses.
However, the study of literature review remedied the research gap, insufficient details
and weakness of learning. For instance, are the validations of what the possible impact of
the modular class on the Technical Vocational and Economics learners. More
specifically, the statement of Jesus Felix Galias (2020) he stated that adjustments to
distance learning can be the hardest in the low-income context and among vulnerable
learners. However, the study aims to address the research gap that there's a significant
and salient distribution in resolving the insufficient and weakness of the research.
The finding of the study synthesized here are highly relevant to my research idea.
In particular objectives and research questions that should be concluded. First, will find
out what is the impact and perspective of the students in the modular class on Technical
Vocational and Economics, which will help to come up with a proper solution and step in
11
addressing the issue. Apart from this, will see various other studies related to the research
This study is supported by the theory of Constructivism. Jean Piaget (1936) was
understandings and knowledge, integrating with what they already know. This includes
12
The researchers created a diagram that will help to show systematically and
orderly the steps and methods to carry out the study. Figure 1 shows the three steps,
including Input, Process, and Output, with their different steps. The methods are in the
following:
The Input included the students' perspective in modular learning mode and the
Furthermore, the Output included analyzing the data gathered from the students
are made to resolve the issue, discussing the impact of modular classes in TVL students
CHAPTER 3
13
3. METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the method and procedure that will be applied in this study.
Included the research design, context and participants, instruments, data analysis and gathering.
The researchers used qualitative research since it was consistent and had a
experience in-depth. This method will ensure the ethical outcome of the research
given that it applies to students with a perspective on the impact of the modular class. It
has tremendous effects on their education, mental, physical, and social life. Therefore,
this study will examine the students' current knowledge, experiences, thoughts, and
Vocational and Livelihood. In addition, this design is considered suitable since it enables
the researchers to generate data through standardized collection and procedures based on
highly structured research instruments, and the researchers will define study concepts and
related variables.
located at Vinzons Avenue, Daet Camarines Norte. It is a private secondary school with
students in various strands such as STEM, ABM, GAS, and TVL. However, in this study,
the researchers will only take students of Technical Vocational and Livelihood (TVL)
14
with a population of 55 students. Conversely, the students we choose are limited to 20
to the aim of our research. The survey will take in the fourth week of April.
Furthermore, participants of this study must be enrolled in the said school and
have a Technical Vocational and Economics course. Additionally, they choose a modular
mode of learning. Respondents and researchers should follow the health protocols
by experts and professionals. It will be distributed to Senior High School students with a
Technical Vocational and Livelihood at the Our Lady of Lourdes College Foundation.
The questionnaire consists of four questions and will be answered by the respondents.
Participants will answer each question by putting a check mark inside the box. In
conclusion, the instrument used will be the way to obtain data that will support this thesis
or study. However, the researchers decided to use Convenience Sampling since it is most
Researchers have methods and steps to gather data in the survey. These are the
15
The first method will create questionnaires and will be followed by editing or
revising the instrument to verify the appropriateness of the questions to the problems that
The second method is to ask the permission of each participant. In addition, the
sampling that will be used is convenient. Finally, researchers will personally and online
manage questionnaires to each participant and provide the correct answer to obtain the
appropriate response.
The third method is to gather the instruments and compare each participant's
obtain the percentage and the result of this study. Based on the counted responses of the
respondents to each question, the frequency of each numbered response can be seen.
16
P = f/ n ×100
Where the:
P means percentage
Second the researchers will review the outcome using the formula otherwise will
f means frequency or number of responses
makea table to see the
n means presentation
total of the students and evaluate it based on the ranking.
of respondents
Third will conclude the information and summarize the outcome of the study
include combining the details obtained in the analysis. Consolidate outcomes based on
percentage.
CHAPTER 4
17
4. RESULTS
This chapter presents the data gathered by the researchers among the Senior High School
students of Our Lady of Lourdes College Foundation regarding the impact of modular learning
RESPONDENTS
and knowledge.
easily to comprehend.
to this issue.
expenses of government.
18
TOTAL 20 100%
Table 1 shows that nine (9) respondents stated that modular learning is not
adequate for developing skills and knowledge in the course. It has 40%. Four (4)
professed it affected the physical, family, mental, social, time, and lifestyle, and it was
equivalent to 20%. Moreover, four (4) of them, without twenty respondents, regarded that
performance tasks, a place without distraction, and activities that not easy to comprehend.
On the other hand, two (2) of them, with 10%, said that modular learning effectively
develops skills and knowledge in the course. Meanwhile, the third and seventh options
have the same response, one (1) of them stated that it is enhancive to prevent Covid - 19
virus, and one (1) also regarded that the modular materials are costly to the expenses of
government or schools, the proportion of these two options is 5%. In addition, the sixth
option only got zero (0) response, why its percentage and column are going to be blank.
In conformity with the gathered result, the researchers analyzed that most of the
respondents believe that modular learning is not effective in developing skill and
Based on the result, the second option stated that modular learning is not effective
in developing skills and knowledge in the course. Second in this column are the fourth
and fifth options which criticize modular learning affects physical, family, social, time,
and lifestyle and the option which said modular learning is complex, especially with
19
insufficient equipment needed in a performance task, place without distraction, and
activities that are not easy to comprehend. Meanwhile, the third option is third in the
column, which professed that modular learning effectively develops skills and knowledge
in the course. In addition, the third and seventh options are fourth and have an equal
ranking stating that modular learning is enhancive in preventing the Covid -19 virus, and
modular materials are costly to expenses of government and schools. Finally, option 6
gained the fifth column stated that they felt distressed in the response of DepEd to the
issue.
RESPONDENT E N
expenses.
professionals.
TOTAL 20 100%
20
It is shown in table 2.1 that eight (8) out of twenty (20) respondents professed that
the main positive effect of implementing modular learning was to prevent the Covid - 19
virus, for which it has an equivalent percentage of 40%. Six (6) of the respondents stated
that the positive effect is developing independent skills without the assistance of teachers
and professionals, with 30%. Meanwhile, four (4) responded that it would save on fares,
allowances, and other school expenses by 20%. However, two (2) respondents regarded
that the activities and tasks enclose in modular materials can be completed at any time
with a 10%. The last option has a zero (0) response and percentage, which stated it has no
positive effect.
Based on the researchers' findings, it is coherent that the main positive effect in
The positive effect leading the ranking is the first option to prevent the Covid - 19
virus. The second is the fourth option which says it may help develop independent skills
without the assistance of teachers or professionals. The third option gained the third-
ranking stated to save on fares, provisions, and other school expenses. Meanwhile, option
three became the fourth column which stated that the activities and tasks enclose in
modular materials can be completed at any Finally, thee. The sixth option gained the last
in the number of responses and percentage, which stated that they felt distressed in the
RESPONDENT E N
21
S
provided.
affected.
task.
government.
TOTAL 20 100%
It is shown in table 2.2, nine (9) respondents agreed with 45% professed that the
negative impact of modular learning is that the appropriate skills and knowledge are not
provided. Four (4) responded that modular learning should have sufficient time when
finishing activities and performance tasks. Moreover, it has a 20%. Three (3) of them,
with 15%, responded that it affected physical, mental, and social well-being. Meanwhile,
two (2) stated that its negative effect is loss of interest when performing the learning
22
activities and task. One (1) referred to the defective equipment and materials that usually
use when undertaking performance tasks and one (1) also regarded that modular materials
costly to the government. However, there was a zero (0) response, and a percentage said
Based on the analyzed results of the researchers, it is coherent that the main
adverse effect of modular learning is that appropriate skills and knowledge are not
provide.
Therefore, leading the ranking is the first option which professed that the
appropriate skills and knowledge are not provided. The second is the fourth option with
the statement that modular learning should have sufficient time when finishing activities
and tasks. The third is the second option to respond that it affects physical, mental, and
social well-being. Meanwhile, the fourth is the third option that regarded that modular
learning negatively affects losing interest when performing the learning activities and
task. The fifth and sixth options rank equally with the statement that adverse effects are
insufficient equipment and materials that usually use when undertaking performance
tasks and the modular materials costly to the government or school. In the final ranking,
RESPONDENT E N
23
2. Discontinue the modular learning or 1 5% 5
academic freeze.
TOTAL 20 100%
regarding the implementation of modular learning. Seven (7) out of twenty (20)
respondents stated to have limited face-to-face learning. However, the health protocols
enforced by the government should be followed. Moreover, it has a 35%. Five (5) with
25% responded that activities in the module should be provided gradually. Meanwhile,
four (4) professed to continue the modular learning with a 20% percentage. Moreover,
three (3) students, with 15% of respondents, said they have no suggestions about it. One
(1) said to discontinue the modular learning or academic freeze, which has the equivalent
of 5%.
Based on the information gathered, the researchers found that almost all
respondents had a preference that there should be face-to-face learning. However, the
24
The third option can be seen in the table leading the ranking. Respondents agreed
to have limited face-to-face classes, although the health protocols should be followed.
The second is the fourth option with a response that activities contained in the module
should be provided gradually. Meanwhile, the third is the first option which stated to
continue the modular learning. Fourth is the fifth option with a response that they have no
suggestions about it—finally, the second option is to discontinue the modular learning or
academic freeze.
25
CHAPTER 5
problem or issue recorded in the study will be presented here with sufficient basis and systematic
evidence.
Summary of Findings
The publication of research on the implementation of modular learning took
place. Twenty (20) respondents answered the questionnaires distributed through google
form or online surveys due to limitations in the safety protocol implemented by the
school and government. Despite this, the researchers tried to get the details needed, and
1. Based on the result of the study, the researchers found that most of the respondents had
the perspective that the implementation of modular learning was not practical for
2.1 The researchers found that the positive effect of modular learning was to prevent the
Covid-19 virus.
2.2 Moreover, the researchers also found that the main adverse effect of modular learning
26
3. According to the collected data, the researchers found that most of the respondents
suggested that there should be limited face-to-face classes. However, the health protocols
Conclusion
Based on the presented data, the researchers led to the following conclusions:
Economics students is not effective in developing skills and knowledge in the course.
2.1 The positive effect of modular learning was to prevent the Covid-19 virus.
2.2 Although it has a positive effect, it still has a negative effect on students. Its main
3. Meanwhile, the suggestion of students that there should be limited face-to-face classes;
Recommendations
After carefully gathering the necessary data, the researchers humbly recommend the
following:
2.1 The grievances of teachers, parents, and students of Technical Vocational and
Economics courses must be ascertained before taking action to ensure that no budget is
27
2.2 If the implementation of modular learning has a negative impact, it should be given a
proper system such as limiting the provision of activities and performance tasks in the
Technical Vocational and Economics laboratory to use the equipment needed in the tasks.
3. There is a need to implement limited face-to-face learning and intensify the provision
28