Glossary: © B Burlington Books
Glossary: © B Burlington Books
Glossary: © B Burlington Books
unit 3 unit 4
actor /ˈæktə/ aktore accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ istripu
alarm clock /əˈlɑːm klɒk/ iratzargailu alone /əˈləʊn/ bakarrik
aloud /əˈlaʊd/ ozen, ozenki ambulance /ˈæmbjələns/ anbulantzia
artist /ˈɑːtɪst/ artista arrive /əˈraɪv/ heldu
astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/ astronauta break a leg /breɪk ə ˈleZ/ hanka apurtu
author /ˈɔːθə/ autore call for help /kɔːl fə ˈhelp/ laguntza eskatu
back in time /ˈbæk ɪn taɪm/ denboran atzera (travel ~: carry /ˈkæri/ eraman; eroan
denboran atzera bidaiatzea) climb onto /ˈklaɪm ɒntə/ igo
break /breɪk/ atsedenaldi compete /kəmˈpiːt/ lehiatu
brown bread /ˈbraʊn bred/ ogi integral dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ arriskutsu
businessperson /ˈbɪznəspɜːsn/ enpresari, enpresaburu disease /dɪˈziːz/ gaixotasun
career /kəˈrɪə/ karrera (profesionala) fall /fɔːl/ erori
cleaner /ˈkliːnə/ garbitzaile find your way /faɪnd jɔː ˈweɪ/ bidea topatu, orientatu
contest /ˈkɒntest/ lehiaketa finish line /ˈfɪnɪʃ laɪn/ helmuga
daughter /ˈdɔːtə/ alaba first-aid kit /ˈfɜːsteɪd kɪt/ lehenengo sorospeneko botikin
dentist /ˈdentɪst/ haginlari forget /fəˈZet/ ahaztu
driver /ˈdraɪvə/ gidari get down /Zet ˈdaʊn/ jaitsi
firefighter /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə/ suhiltzaile get lost /Zet ˈlɒst/ galdu
food rationing /ˈfuːd ræʃənɪŋ/ elikagaien murrizketa give up /Zɪv ˈʌp/ errenditu; utzi, laga
granddaughter /ˈZrændɔːtə/ biloba, iloba hard /hɑːd/ zail
grandparent /ˈZrænpeərənt/ aitona, aitite hiker /ˈhaɪkə/ ibiltari, txangozale
hold /həʊld/ eutsi
grandson /ˈZrænsʌn/ biloba, iloba
hurt /hɜːt/ mindu
hairdresser /ˈheədresə/ ileapaintzaile
injure /ˈɪndʒə/ zauritu; lesionatu
husband /ˈhʌzbənd/ senar
kill /kɪl/ hil
knock /nɒk/ jo, kolpatu
lie down /laɪ ˈdaʊn/ etzan
mechanic /məˈkænɪk/ mekanikari
lose /luːz/ galdu
musician /mjuːˈzɪʃn/ musikagile
navigate /ˈnævɪɡeɪt/ gidatu, orientatu; zuzendu
nephew /ˈnefjuː/ iloba, loba (gizonezkoa)
parasail /ˈpærəseɪl/ parabela egin
niece /niːs/ iloba, loba (emakumezkoa)
post /pəʊst/ publikatu, ipini (Interneten)
nurse /nɜːs/ erizain
prevent /prɪˈvent/ saihestu, eragotzi
occasion /əˈkeɪʒn/ gertakari
Comparing abilities
Can you … well? /kæn juː ˈ… wel/ Badakizu ondo …? Doing a survey
Yes, I can. /jes aɪ ˈkæn/ Bai. What makes you nervous? /wɒt meɪks juː ˈneːvəs/
No, I can’t. /nəʊ aɪ ˈkɑːnt/ Ez. Zerk ipintzen zaitu urduri?
Could you … well five years ago? /kʊd juː ˈ… wel faɪv jɪəz How often do you get angry? /haʊ ˈɒfən duː juː Zet æŋgri/
əZəʊ/ Bazenekien … orain dela bost urte?
Zer maiztasunekin haserretzen zara?
Yes, I could. /jes aɪ ˈkʊd/ Bai. Do you enjoy noisy parties? /duː juː ɪnˈdʒɔɪ nɔɪzi pɑːtiz/
Festa zaratatsuak gustatzen zaizkizu?
No, I couldn’t. /nəʊ aɪ ˈkʊdnt/ Ez.
What helps you to feel calm? /wɒt helps juː tə fiːl ˈkɑːm/
Zerk laguntzen zaitu lasai sentitzen?
Talking about a book What do you do when people are rude to you? /wɒt duː juː
Can you recommend a book for me? /kæn juː rekəmend ə duː wen piːpl ɑː ˈruːd tə juː/ Zer egiten duzu inor zurekin
ˈbʊk fə miː/ Gomenda diezadakezu liburu bat? lotsagabea denean?
What kind of books do you like? /wɒt kaɪnd ɒv ˈbʊks duː juː
laɪk/ Zer motatako liburuak gustatzen zaizkizu?
Asking for help
I usually read … . /aɪ ˈjuːʒuəli riːd/ Normalean … irakurtzen Would you mind … ? /wʊd juː ˈmaɪnd/ Axola litzaizuke …?
dut.
I’d be happy to help. What’s the problem? /aɪd biː ˈhæpi tə
You should read … . /juː ʃəd ˈriːd/ … irakurri beharko zenuke. help wɒts ðə ˈprɒbləm/ Laguntzeko pozik nago. Zein da
What’s it about? /wɒts ɪt əˈbaʊt/ Zeri buruzkoa da? arazoa?
It’s about … . /ɪts əˈbaʊt/ …-i buruzkoa da. Can you … ? /ˈkæn juː/ … ahal duzu?
Who are the main characters? /huː ɑː ðə meɪn ˈkærəktəz/ Certainly. /ˈsɜːtnli/ Bai, noski.
Nor dira protagonistak? Could you help me with … ? /kʊd juː ˈhelp miː wɪð/ …ekin
The main characters are … . /ðə meɪn ˈkærəktəz ɑː/ lagunduko al zenidake?
Protagonistak … dira. Of course. How can I help? /ɒv ˈkɔːs haʊ kæn aɪ ˈhelp/
Bai, noski. Nola lagundu dezaket?
I need some help … . /aɪ ˈniːd sʌm help/ …(r)ekin laguntza
pixka bat behar dut.
No problem. /nəʊ ˈprɒbləm/ Arazorik ez.
Thanks. /θæŋks/ Eskerrik asko.
Describing items
When do you use this item? /wen duː juː ˈjuːz ðɪs aɪtəm/
Noiz erabiltzen duzu artikulu hau?
Where is it? /ˈweə ɪz ɪt/ Non dago?
Does it use electricity? /dʌz ɪt juːz ɪlekˈtrɪsɪti/
Elektrizitaterik erabiltzen du?
What does it do? /wɒt dʌz ɪt ˈduː/ Zer egiten du?
# Unit 1
Artikuluak eta kuantifikatzaileak, 1 Choose the correct answer.
How much / How many 1 There is an / a / some bus stop near my house.
Izen zenbakarriekin eta zenbakaitzekin. 2 Look at a / many / the traffic light. It’s red.
Hiztunari ezaguna zaion izen baten aurrean
the 3 There is an / a / the apple in your bag.
erabiltzen da.
-a, -ak, -ek We have got a car. The car is red. 4 My mum buys many / some / a fruit at the market every
Izen zenbakarri singularrekin. week.
Hiztunari ezezagun zaizkion izenen aurrean joaten 5 There are the / many / much people in the town square.
a / an da.
6 My street hasn’t got any / much / some roundabouts.
a bakery, an umbrella
bat 7 We haven’t got any / some / much water – only half
baina a unicorn
Baiezko esaldietan: a litre.
Izen zenbakarri pluralekin eta zenbakaitzekin.
Galderetan: 2 Complete the sentences with the words below.
Galderan adierazitako eskaintzaren edo eskaeraren
some erantzuna baiezkoa izatea espero denean. many l a l an l some l the l any l much
batzu(e)k There are some flowers. 1 There isn’t amusement park in this city.
pixka bat edo I’ve got some money.
(itzultzeke) 2 My brother works in factory.
Would you like some water?
Ezezko esaldietan eta galderetan: 3 people visit London every day.
Izen zenbakarri pluralekin eta zenbakaitzekin. 4 There aren’t spaces in the car park.
any There aren’t any houses. 5 zebra crossing is over there.
(batere) …-rik
I haven’t got any homework.
6 She hasn’t got jewellery – only one
Are there any tomatoes?
(batere) …-rik necklace and two rings.
Have you got any rice?
Izen zenbakarri pluralekin. 7 Are you hungry? I want pizza.
many
asko Many shops are open.
Ezezko esaldietan eta galderetan: 3 Complete the questions with How much or How many.
Izen zenbakaitzekin. Then answer the questions to make them true for you.
much
asko I haven’t got much time. 1 houses are there on your road?
Was there much food?
Izen zenbakaitzekin. 2 does an ice cream cost at your
To be aditzarekin doanean, zerbaiten local shop?
How much … ? prezioa galdetzeko erabiltzen da.
Zenbat? How much tea do you need?
How much is it? 3 classrooms are there in your
Izen zenbakarri pluralekin. school?
How many … ?
Zenbat? How many kids are there?
4 students are there in your class?
5 time does it take to go from
your house to school?
6 water do you drink every day?
# Unit 2
Present Continuous aditz-denbora 1 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets.
• Baiezkoa: subjektua + am / is / are + -ing bukaera daraman Use the Present Continuous. Then choose the correct
aditza. answer.
I am reading a great book. (Liburu oso on bat irakurtzen ari naiz.) 1 I (save) my homework on a
onako kasu hauetan, -ing bukaera gehitzerakoan, ortografia-
H calculator / flash drive at the moment.
arau hauek jarraitu behar dira: 2 T
he boys (not play) computer games /
- e mutuaz amaituek e galdu egiten dute: live - living textbooks because they are at basketball practice.
- Silaba bakarrekoek, bokal batez + kontsonante batez 3 We (look) at a flower petal through
bukatuek (w, x edo y izan ezik), kontsonante hori bikoizten
a projector / microscope now.
dute: run - running
4 I (not take) my scissors / compass
- Bi silaba baditu, bigarrena azentuduna eta bokal batez +
kontsonante batez amaitua (w, x edo y izan ezean), azken to school today. I haven’t got a maths lesson.
kontsonantea bikoizten dute: refer - referring 5 Tony (not have) lunch / juice right
- ie amaiera dutenei, ie amaiera y bilakatuko zaie: lie - lying now. He’s in a lesson.
• E
zezkoa: subjektua + am / is / are + not partikula edo n’t
laburbildua (is nahiz are formei itsatsia joan daiteke hau; ez, 2 Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use the
ordea, am formari) + -ing bukaera duen aditza. Berbaldian Present Continuous.
ohikoagoa da forma laburbildua.
not work l write l not talk l look l put
She isn’t eating at a restaurant.
(Hura ez da ari jatetxe batean jaten.) 1 The teacher on the whiteboard
• G
alderazkoa: Am / Is / Are + subjektua + -ing amaieradun at the moment.
aditza. 2 We the tablets in the cupboard
Are you watching a film? (Pelikula bat ikusten ari zara?)
right now.
G
aldera galdetzaile batez osatuta badago, hori doa lehenbizi, eta
3 My laptop at the moment.
ondoren am / is / are.
What is she doing? (Zer egiten ari da?) 4 I at a map of Europe now.
• E
rantzun motzak: pertsona-izenordain subjektua + am / is / are 5 I to my friend right now.
ala ’m not / isn’t / aren’t.
Is your father cooking? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. 3 Write questions with the words below. Use the Present
(Zure aita sukaldatzen ari al da? Bai. / Ez.)
Continuous. Then match the questions to the answers.
Erabilerak 1 you / explore / the city / now
Hitz egiten ari garen unean I am riding my bike.
gertatzen ari dena azaltzeko (Bizikletan ibiltzen ari naiz.)
2 what / your friend / do / right now
People are talking about the news.
Denboraldi bateko ekintzak
(Jendea berriei buruz hitz egiten
adierazteko
ari da.)
3 your parents / work / at the moment
In the picture, the man is reading
Argazkiak deskribatzeko a book. (Argazkian, gizona liburu
bat irakurtzen ari da.) 4 your teacher / use / the projector / right now
• P resent Continuous aditz-denborarekin sarri ikusiko ditugu
honako denbora-esamolde hauek: now (orain), at the moment 5 who / speak / at the moment
(une honetan), right now (oraintxe bertan), today (gaur),
these days (egun hauetan), this week (aste honetan), etab.
Guztiak joan daitezke esaldiaren hasieran edo amaieran, baina, a Ms Larson. d Yes, he is.
normalean, amaieran joan ohi dira.
We are buying the train tickets at the moment. b No, they aren’t. e She’s exercising.
(Treneko txartelak erosten ari gara une honetan.) c Yes, I am.
1 Choose the correct answer. 4 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.
1 Adam drives / is driving a lorry at the moment. Make any necessary changes.
2 Jenny never takes / is taking a taxi to school. 1 My friends don’t go out every night. (right now)
3 Tom doesn’t go / isn’t going abroad every year.
4 The girls walk / are walking to school together every 2 Nick is shopping at the market at the moment.
morning. (often)
5 My brother and I don’t ride / aren’t riding our bikes
right now. 3 Is your mum cooking at the moment? (every day)
6 I talk / am talking to Ben at the moment.
4 I usually take the tram to school. (now)
2 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets.
Use the Present Simple or Present Continuous.
5 Josh doesn’t exercise every day. (at the moment)
1 Joanna (visit) her grandma
right now.
# Unit 3
There was / There were 3 Complete the questions with Was there or Were there.
Then answer the questions so they are true for you.
Zenbakarriak Zenbakaitzak
1 any ice cream for dessert
There was a car.
Baiezkoa There was milk. yesterday?
There were pencils.
There wasn’t a dog. There wasn’t
Ezezkoa
There weren’t birds. coffee. 2 eggs for breakfast this
Was there a bike? morning?
Galderazkoa Was there salt?
Were there windows?
Erantzun Yes, there was. / No, there wasn’t. 3 rain last night?
motzak Yes, there were. / No, there weren’t.
• B
aiezkoa: There was izen zenbakarri singular batez edo
4 any homework yesterday?
izen zenbakaitz batez jarraitua doa. There were izen
zenbakarri pluralekin bakarrik joan daiteke. There is eta
There are formen lehenaldiko aldaerak ditugu; horregatik, 5 any friends at your house
“… zegoen” eta “… zeuden” esangura dute. last weekend?
• E
zezkoa: There was / There were + not partikula
(There was not / There were not) ala n’t laburbilduarekin
(There wasn’t / There weren’t).
• Galderazkoa: Was / Were hasieran + there.
4 Write affirmative, negative and interrogative
sentences with the words in the chart below.
• E
rantzun motzak: baiezkoan there + was / were ipintzen
Use the correct form of there was or there were.
da eta there + wasn’t / weren’t ezezkoan.
a snake on TV last week
1 Choose the correct answer. any good films in the town square last night
many people in Florida yesterday
1 It was cold yesterday. There wasn’t / There weren’t
a terrible hurricane for dinner on Monday
any people on the beach. any ships in the park two weeks ago
2 There was / There were three cats in my garden any beef in the port several years ago
yesterday morning.
3 There was / There were a football match on TV 1
last night.
2
4 There wasn’t / There weren’t any pizza at the party
3
yesterday afternoon.
4
5 There wasn’t / There weren’t any juice in the fridge.
5
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of 6
there was or there were.
1 any cars in the car park.
It was empty.
2 a documentary on TV
last Saturday. It was excellent.
3 a stapler on my desk,
but now it’s not there.
4 some funny pictures
in the magazine.
5 any music at my
grandparents’ party last week.
# Unit 4
Past Simple aditz-denbora ezezkoan 3 Write the words in the correct order to make sentences.
Use the Past Simple affirmative or negative.
• Ezezkoa: subjektua + did not edo didn’t + aditzoina.
She didn’t help me. 1 not clean / yesterday / the windows / the cleaner
(Ez ninduen lagundu.)
• Have got aditzaren lehenaldiko ezezko forma didn’t have da.
2 to the church / take / in the morning / the tourists /
We didn’t have an exam yesterday.
(Atzo ez genuen azterketarik izan.)
the tour guide
1 Write negative sentences with the correct form of 3 after 10 minutes / get / the ambulance / there
the verbs in bold and the words in brackets. Use the
Past Simple. 4 a first-aid kit / not take / yesterday / the climbers
1 I left my phone here yesterday. (umbrella)
5 in / wait / we / a safe place
2 Gary broke his leg. (arm)
6 favourite song / not sing / the singer / my
3 They sailed on the St Lawrence River. (River Thames)
4 I bought a laptop. (tablet) 4 Write sentences with the words in the chart so they are
true for you. Use the Past Simple affirmative or negative.
# Unit 5
Past Continuous aditz-denbora baiezkoan 2 Match A to B to make sentences. Then complete the
sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past
• B
aiezkoa: subjektua + was / were + aditza -ing bukaerarekin.
I was swimming in the sea. (Itsasoan igeri egiten ari nintzen.) Continuous affirmative.
B
ukaerako -ing gehitzeko ortografia-arauak 15. orrialdean A
daude. 1 At midnight, I (look)
Erabilerak 2 At 4.00, we (walk)
Lehenaldiko une zehatz 3 Leaves (fall)
I was reading a book.
batean gertatzen ari ziren
ekintzak adierazteko
(Liburu bat irakurtzen ari nintzen.) 4 At 9.00, Dad (cut)
Lehenaldiko ekintza luze eta They were cooking while / as 5 Beth (hold)
aldibereko bi edo gehiago we were cleaning the house. B
deskribatzeko, while edo (Sukaldatzen ari ziren, etxea
as bitartez lotuta garbitzen ari ginen bitartean.) a across the field. d from the trees.
• P ast Continuous aditz-denborarekin, hauek dira gehien b the grass. e a snake.
erabiltzen diren denbora-esamoldeak: ago (orain dela) c at the stars.
denbora-esamoldearen amaieran, at + ordua, yesterday
morning / afternoon (atzo goizean / arratsaldean), last night 3 Write sentences with the words in the chart below.
(bart), all day (egun osoan) eta abar. Esaldiaren hasieran nahiz
Use the Past Continuous affirmative.
bukaeran ager daitezke, baina gehiagotan ikusiko ditugu
bukaeran.
I write computer games
They were studying for the test yesterday afternoon.
the students listen to music
(Azterketarako ikasten ari ziren atzo arratsaldean.) my sister surf a video
my parents sleep messages
1 Choose the correct verb in brackets to complete the my friend play the web
sentences. Use the Past Continuous affirmative. the cat make under the sofa
# Unit 6
can 2 Write questions with the words below and can.
Can aditz moduzkoak zerbait egiteko trebezia edo gaitasuna Then answer the questions.
(jakin) eta zerbait egiteko edo gertatzeko aukera (ahal izan) eta 1 monkeys / fly
baimena eta mesedeak eskatzeko (ahal izan) esangura du.
• B
aiezkoa: subjektua + can + aditzoina. Moduzko aditza
denez, ez du 3. pertsona singularrean -s bukaerarik hartzen.
She can swim very well. (Oso ondo igeri egiten du.) 2 an elephant / jump
I can go to the park later. (Parkera joan naiteke beranduago.)
• E
zezkoa: subjektua + cannot edo can’t laburtua + aditzoina.
I can’t visit my grandparents this week. 3 dogs / swim
(Ezin ditut nire aitona-amonak bisitatu aste honetan.)
• G
alderazkoa: Can + subjektua + aditzoina.
Can you open the door? (Atea zabaldu dezakezu?)
Erantzun motzak: pertsona-izenordain subjektua +
• 4 a snake / kill / a mouse
can ala can’t.
Can you speak Italian? Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.
(Italieraz hitz egin dezakezu? Bai. / Ez.)
# Unit 7
4 The streets in the modern parts of town are
Adjektiboen konparatiboa
(wide) the streets in the
Gauzak, animaliak, pertsonak eta abar konparatzeko, maila old part of town.
konparatiboan erabiltzen dira adjektiboak.
5 I think physics is (difficult)
Gehiagotasun konparatiboa (baino …-ago) gauzak, animaliak,
•
pertsonak eta abar konparatzeko erabiltzen da, bata besteak biology.
gainditzen duenean alderdiren batean. Eratzeko adjektiboaren 6 Comedies are (funny)
luzeran fijatu behar gara: action films.
1. Silaba bakarrekoa edo y bukaera duen bikoa bada, laburtzat
jotzen da eta -er bukaera gehituko zaio. Ondoren, than 2 Complete the sentences with the comparative form
partikula eramango du. of the adjectives below.
These books are cheaper than those notebooks.
athletic l confident l safe l creative l dark l big
(Liburu hauek koaderno horiek baino merkeagoak dira.)
Honako kasu hauetan, -er gehitzean adjektiboa aldatu 1 Derek’s hair is black and his sister’s is brown. Derek’s
egiten da: hair is his sister’s.
- Bokal batez + w, x edo y ez den kontsonante batez 2 My father runs and exercises at the gym, but
bukatutako silaba bakarrekoa bada, kontsonante hori I prefer watching sport on TV. My father is
bikoizten da: thin - thinner me.
- Kontsonantea + y amaieraduna bada, y hori i batez
3 Riding a bicycle is riding
ordeztuko da: lucky - luckier, dry - drier
a motorbike.
- e mutuaz amaitzen bada, -r bakarrik gehituko zaio:
nice - nicer 4 Whales are sharks.
2. Bi silaba edo gehiago baditu, adjektiboa luzea da, eta orduan 5 Artists are usually
konparaketa honela eratzen da more + adjektiboa + than. salespeople.
She is more famous than her brother. 6 Mia isn’t shy, but her brother is. Mia is
(Bere neba baino ezagunagoa da.)
her brother.
Adjektibo irregularrak
Inolako araurik jarraitzen ez dutenez, buruz ikasi behar dira hauen 3 Write sentences with the words below and the verb
konparaziozko eta superlatibozko formak. to be. Use the comparative form of the adjectives.
Adjektiboa Konparatiboa 1 Carrie / careful / Ron
good (on) better
bad (txar) worse
2 the yellow curtains / long / the white curtains
far (urruneko) farther / further
little (gutxi) less
3 my friend / clever / me
1 Complete the sentences with the comparative form
of the adjectives in brackets. 4 I / quiet / you
# Unit 8
be going to 2 Complete the questions with the verbs in brackets.
Use be going to. Then match the questions to the answers.
Infinitiboa + “t(z)era joan” esangura du.
• Baiezkoa: subjektua + am / is / are + going to + aditzoina. 1 you (celebrate) your
We are going to adopt a dog. (Txakur bat adoptatzera goaz.) birthday with your family?
• E
zezkoa: subjektua + am / is / are + not (n’t) + going to + 2 When Max (arrive)?
aditzoina. 3 Carol (compete) in
I’m not going to participate in the competition. the race tomorrow?
(Ez noa txapelketan parte hartzera.)
4 your parents (drive)
• Galderazkoa: Am / Is / Are + subjektua + going to + aditzoina.
Is she going to look for a new job? to London on Sunday?
(Hura lan berri bat biltzera joango da?) 5 What show you (see)
Erantzun motzak: pertsona-izenordain subjektua + am / is /
• tonight?
are ala ’m not / isn’t / aren’t. 6 How many pizzas Dad
Are you going to arrive tomorrow? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. (order)?
(Bihar helduko zara? Bai. / Ez.)
Erabilerak a Four. d Yes, I am.
b No, she isn’t. e On Tuesday.
Gure egitasmoei eta He’s going to visit his uncle.
erabakiei buruz hitz egiteko (Bere osaba bisitatzera joango da.) c Mamma Mia. f Yes, they are.
Look at those clouds. It’s going to
Zerbait gertatuko dela
adierazteko, aztarnak
rain. 3 Complete the sentences with the verbs below.
(Ikusi hodei horiek. Euria egingo Use be going to.
aurrean baititugu
du.)
not ride l buy l not take l investigate l have
e going to egiturarekin honako denbora-esamolde hauek
• B
erabili ohi dira: later (beranduago), soon (laster), this afternoon / 1 We lamb for dinner tonight.
evening (gaur arratsaldean, gaur iluntzean), in + urte bat, tonight 2 I a new dining room table.
(gaur gauean), tomorrow (bihar) next week / month / year
3 Rick and I a trip this year.
(datorren astean / hilabetean / urtean), in the future
(etorkizunean), on + asteko egun bat edo data bat, etab. 4 He his scooter to work because
Guztiak perpausaren hasieran zein amaieran joan daitezke. it’s raining.
They are going to buy a new bike tomorrow. 5 Detective Wilson this
(Bizikleta bat erostera joango dira bihar.)
crime?
1 Choose the correct verbs in brackets to complete the 4 Write two affirmative, two negative and two interrogative
sentences. Use be going to. sentences with the words in the chart below. Use be going to.
1 I these old computers next the city
tomorrow
week. (finish / repair) I return to the shopping
next month
the teacher explore centre
2 Larry his electric bike. (sell / this afternoon
Dean and I hike our tests
volunteer) the boys
on Saturday
volunteer in the canyon
morning
3 We this rug. (not keep / Mum drive a group
this week
not hear) you join at the animal
today
shelter
4 My parents money from the
bank. (promise / borrow) 1
5 I this necklace. (not buy / 2
not carry) 3
4
5
6
Teamwork 2 Basque © B Burlington Books 27
Present Continuous etorkizun zentzuarekin 2 Write questions with the words below. Use the
• P resent Continuous (2. gaian ikusi den bezala) hitz egiteko Present Continuous with future meaning. Then
unean gertatzen ari dena deskribatzeko erabiltzen da. answer the questions so they are true for you.
Am / is / are + -ing bukaeradun aditzaz osatzen da, eta, 1 what / you and your friends / do / this weekend
bukaera hori zuzen gehitzeko, ortografia-arau batzuk
jarraitu behar dira (She’s sleeping, We are sitting, etab.).
aina, horrezaz gain, Present Continuous aditz-denborak
• B
etorkizun zentzua du, etorkizun hurbilean gertatuko diren 2 your best friend / come / to your house / today
aldez aurretik finkaturiko ekintzak iragartzeko ere
erabiltzen baita.
I am painting my house next week.
(Nire etxea datorren astean margotuko dut.) 3 you and your family / go / abroad / next summer
• P resent Continuous arruntarekin duen aldea denbora-
esamoldeetan datza. Hots, etorkizun zentzua duena,
ekintza noiz gertatuko den adieraziko digun etorkizuneko
denbora-esamoldeaz lagunduta doa: at + ordua, this 4 your maths teacher / give / your class / a test /
afternoon / evening (gaur arratsaldean / iluntzean), on + next week
asteko eguna edo data, in + hilabetea, tomorrow (bihar),
next week / month (datorren astean / hilean), in ten
minutes (hamar minutu barru), later (beranduago, gero),
soon (laster, denbora gutxi barru), etab. 5 what / you / have / for dinner / tonight
The plane is leaving in ten minutes.
(Hegazkina hamar minutu barru aterako da.)
• B
e going to egiturarekin duen aldea zera da, ez dihardugula
intentzioaz soilik, ziurtasun osoz gertatuko den zerbaitez
baizik, aldez aurretik finkatua baitago. Etorkizuneko zentzu 3 Match A to B to make mini-dialogues. Then complete
horrekin, batez ere, mugimendu- aditzak erabiltzen ditugu. the mini-dialogues with the verbs in brackets. Use the
We are travelling to Argentina next summer. Present Continuous with future meaning.
(Argentinara bidaiatuko dugu datorren udan.) A
[ziurra da]
1 Where the tourists
(go) tonight?
1 Complete the sentences with the verbs below. 2 What you (cook) for
Use the Present Continuous with future meaning.
dinner tomorrow?
not go l arrive l meet l not take l leave 3 Jeremy (fly) to
not play Moscow on Monday?
1 I Dennis in the town square 4 Where the students
in 15 minutes. (volunteer) next week?
2 The girls basketball this 5 Dr Gardener (work)
afternoon. at the hospital next Thursday?
3 Carla the house at 10.00. B
4 Your cousin in Rome a I (make) Chinese food.
tomorrow afternoon.
b At the beach. They
5 Dad and Mum out this (participate) in a clean-up.
evening.
c T he tour guide (take)
6 I my brother to the park them on a ghost tour.
tomorrow.
d No, she (give) a lecture
at a convention.
e No, he (travel) by train.
# Unit 9
will 2 Write questions with the words below. Use will.
Then match the questions to the answers.
• B
aiezkoa: subjektua + will + aditzoina. Pertsona guztiekin
forma bera du. 1 people / live / on other planets / in the next century
I will be at the office all day.
(Bulegoan egongo naiz egun osoa.)
2 there / be / more crime / in the future
• E
zezkoa: subjektua + will not ala won’t + aditzoina.
We won’t leave you alone. (Ez zaituztegu bakarrik utziko.)
• Galderazkoa: Will + subjektua + aditzoina. 3 Julia / finish / the race
Will you travel in first class? (Lehenengo klasean bidaiatuko
duzu?)
4 what / happen / to these animals
• E
rantzun motzak: izenordain subjektua + will ala won’t.
Will the elections be in April? Yes, they will. / No, they won’t.
(Hauteskundeak apirilean izango dira? Bai. / Ez.) 5 when / the temperature / go down
Erabilerak
Etorkizuneko ekintzak eta They will come later.
gertaerak iragartzeko (Gero etorriko dira.)
a We will take them to a shelter. d On Wednesday.
I think you will pass the test. b Yes, she will. e Yes, there will.
Gure ustez gertatuko dena
(Azterketa gaindituko duzula c No, they won’t.
iragartzeko
uste dut.)
Bat-bateko erabakiak
adierazteko
I like it. I’ll get it!
(Gustatzen zait. Erosiko dut!)
3 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets.
Use the correct form of will.
• W
ill egiturarekin be going to egiturarekin erabiltzen diren 1 When you (be) home?
denbora-esamolde berak erabiltzen dira. Hasieran nahiz
2 I’m sure you (enjoy) the
bukaeran ikus ditzakegu guztiak; maizago, ordea, bukaeran.
I will invite my friends next week. concert.
(Nire lagunak datorren astean gonbidatuko ditut.) 3 They (not get) divorced.
4 This work (not endanger)
1 Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Use will. the animals.
damage l not be l agree l not make l have l lend 5 I think he (return) next month.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Unit 1 Unit 4
1. Zenbatero egiten duzu ariketa fisikoa? 1. Zer ordutan heldu ziren zure gurasoak atzo?
2. Nire etxetik hurbil autobus-geltoki bat dago. 2. Suhiltzaileak familia erreskatatu zuen.
3. Badago aparkalekurik azokatik hurbil? 3. Ez nuen lehen sorospeneko botikinik hartu.
4. Nire lagunekin ateratzen naiz larunbatero. 4. Edalontzia eskutik erori zitzaion.
5. Amy maiz doa izotzaren gainean patinatzera neguan. 5. Lesionatu zinen labaindu zinenean?
Unit 2 Unit 5
1. Samen aita ez da ari kamioia gidatzen gaur. 1. Emakumeak mendia eskalatzen ari ziren?
2. Zer motatako margoak erabiltzen ari zara? 2. Txakurra korrika zihoan katuarengana?
3. Helikoptero batean hegan egiten ari naiz orain. 3. Filma dibertigarria zen, eta pertsona guztiak barre
egiten ari ziren.
4. Nire anaia, normalean, Vespan doa lanera.
4. Hostoak zuhaitzetik erortzen ari ziren.
5. Normalean ez dugu taxi bat hartzen, garestia delako.
5. Umeak ez zihoazten oinez bidean zehar.
Unit 3
1. Dendan saltzaile bat zegoen.
Unit 6
1. Detektibeak froga gehiago aurkitu behar ditu.
2. Nire alaba dentistarenera joan zen.
2. Zorua aztertu beharko lukete, froga gehiago bilatzeko.
3. Abeslariak abesti zoragarri bat abestu zuen.
3. Zure urtebetetzea larunbatean ospa dezakegu.
4. Bazegoen musikaririk festan?
4. Bill eta Amy ezin izan ziren ezkondu joan den urtean.
5. Aitona-amonek New Yorkera eraman zuten Adam.
5. Poliziek ezin dute arma aurkitu.
Unit 8
1. Ikasleek basoa garbituko dute datorren astean.
2. Ordenagailu zahar hauek emango dituzue?
3. Zer eramango duzu festara larunbatean?
4. Hark ez du proiektua bukatuko gaur.
5. Ez ditut zuhaitzak landatuko bihar.
Juntagailuak Sekuentzia-lokailuak
(Linking words) (Connectors of sequence)
Bi ideia edo gehiago lotzen dituzten hitzak dira. Gertakari-segida kontatu nahi dugunean, hitz hauek
• and (eta): antzeko bi perpaus edo ideia lotzen ditu. erabiltzen ditugu, gertatu ziren ordena adierazteko:
The blanket is black and the pillows are pink. • first (lehenik, lehenik eta behin)
• or (edo): bi ideia ezberdin lotzen ditu. • then (gero, jarraian)
We walk to school or we go on a bus. • next (jarraian)
• but (baina): bi ideia kontraesankor lotzen ditu. • after that (gero, [horren] ondoren)
I like the pillows, but I don’t like the blanket. • finally (bukatzeko, azkenean)
• so (beraz): aurretik esandako zerbaiten ondorioa First lokailuak lehenengo zer gertatu zen adierazten
adierazten du. du, eta finally lokailuak, aldiz, azkena gertatutakoa.
I forgot my textbook, so my teacher will be angry. Thursday was a great day. First, I got 100% in my
English test. Then, Greg invited me to a party. Next /
After that, my class won the football match. Finally,
Puntuazioa in the evening, my parents and I went to a Chinese
(Punctuation) restaurant for dinner. Thursday was a special day.
• Puntua (.) baiezko eta ezezko esaldien bukaeran
erabiltzen da. Jabetza-adjektiboak eta izenordeak
He has got a sandwich. He hasn’t got a salad. (Referencing)
• Koma (,) hitzak edo ideiak banantzeko erabiltzen da. Lehendik aipatu diren izenei erreferentzia egiteko
Normalean, ez da and juntagailuaren aurrean erabiltzen. erabiltzen dira, berriro izenok errepikatu beharrean.
I’ve got lemons, onions, apples and strawberries. Holly is a salesperson. She works at a department
• Galdera-ikurra (?) galderen amaieran bakarrik kokatzen da. store.
Have you got a red car? Lucy has got a pink notebook. She can’t find her
• Harridura-ikurra (!) ere esaldi-amaieran bakarrik doa; notebook.
emozioak eta sentimenduak adierazteko eta zerbait Our cousins live in Rome. We visit them every summer.
bereziki nabarmentzeko erabiltzen da.
Wow! You’ve got blue rice!
Sinonimoak
• Apostrofoa (’) jabetza adierazteko erabiltzen da, eta bi hitz (Synonyms)
era laburtuan lotzeko.
These aren’t my shoes. They are Tom’s. Idazterakoan, sinonimoak erabiltzen dira hitzak ez
errepikatzeko edo testua interesgarriagoa egiteko
• Komatxoak (“ ”) jendeak esandakoa hitzez hitz jasotzeko asmoarekin.
erabiltzen dira. Koma erabiliko da esandakoaren eta
The exam was hard.
igorlearen artean.
Yes, it was quite difficult.
Ingelesez, koma komatxoen barruan doa (“… with me,”
he said); euskaraz, aldiz, kanpoan (“… nirekin”, esan zuen).
“Please come with me,” he said.