SCIENCE

FIRST QUARTER
7
Module 6

We’ve Got the Solutions!

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Investigate properties of unsaturated or saturated

solutions (S7MT-lc-2)
 To the Learners

Before you start taking this module, please set aside other tasks that may distract
you while enjoying the lessons. Read the main directions below to successfully
understand the goals of this module. Enjoy!
1. Follow carefully all the instructions indicated on each content of this module.
2. Note the important concepts of the lesson by writing it down in your notebook.
Writing improves learning.
3. Do all the provided activities in this module. In some activities, your
parent/guardian’s supervision is highly encouraged.
4. Let your facilitator or guardian evaluate your answers by means of the answer key
card.
5. Analyze conceptually the post-test and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy learning!

Expectations
In this module, you will investigate the properties of unsaturated or saturated
solutions.
Specifically, this module will help you to:
● define solution operationally and identify and describe the components of a
solution;
● describe the properties and characteristics of common solutions;
● investigate the effect of the nature of solute and the solvent in a solution (solid,
liquid and gaseous); and
● perform an experiment on saturation of solution and differentiate saturated,
unsaturated and supersaturated solutions.

Pre-Test
Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following substances can be mixed to form a solution?
I. rock II. water III. salt IV. flour
A. I and II B. II and III C. III and IV D. I and IV
2. Which of the following statements is TRUE about solutions?
A. Solutions exist only in liquid form.
B. Solution is a mixture with two phases.
C. A solution is a type of mixture with a uniform composition.
D. The components of a solution can be distinguished easily from one
another. 1
3. Grocery stores have run out of rubbing alcohol during the pandemic and people
learned how to make their own disinfectants at home. How are you going to make an
effective improvised solution if you want to sanitize things using common household
products?
A. Put a drop of bleach in a big pail of water.
B. Combine 50 ml bleach with 50 ml of water.
C. Use a ratio of nine parts water to one-part bleach.
D. Add 300 g of powdered soap in a 250 ml amount of water.
4. Which of the following is CORRECT about a solution when the particles of a solute
are larger?
A. The solution will be heavier.
B. The solute is slower to dissolve.
C. It is harder to dissolve the solute.
D. The larger solute incorporates faster with the solvent.
5. Which among the following pictures show a saturated solution?

I. II. III.
A. I only B. II only C. III only D. Both II and III

Looking Back
Classifying Matter: Mixture or Substance?
Direction: Take a look at the following pictures below. Identify each example of matter
and decide whether it is a mixture or substance by writing in the correct column.

* ** ***

brown sugar

MIXTURE SUBSTANCE

Image sources: * https://pixabay.com/photos/water-drop-liquid-splash-wet-1761027/

** https://www.freepik.com/premium-photo/chocolate-chip-cookies-white-
background_8285297.htm#page=1&query=chocolate%20chip%20cookies& 2
position=8
*** https://pixabay.com/photos/cereal-spoon-milk-cheerios-morning-1444495/
 Brief Introduction
When you were in Grade 6, you studied
mixtures and their characteristics. In the
previous lesson, you were able to distinguish
mixtures from substances. Now, you are ready
to study more about solutions — its
components, properties, and types. You will
Patis Suka Toyo
also learn how the nature of each of its
components affects the solution. Image source: https://www.gestationaldiabetes.co.uk/
naturally-lower-blood-sugar-levels/

A solution is a type of mixture in which one substance is dissolved into another. It

has two parts, the solute and the solvent. The solute is the substance being dissolved
by another substance, while the solvent is the substance dissolving the solute. Usually,
solvents are liquids, but there are also solids dissolved in liquids, gases dissolved in
liquids, or gases dissolved in other gases.
Solutions are all around you. A common example is a saline solution, or water
containing 0.9 percent sodium chloride or salt. Here, the solvent is water and salt is the
solute. The isopropyl and ethyl alcohols used in disinfecting during this Covid-19 crisis
are also solutions. Can you identify other solutions found in your home?

Activity 1
FINDING THE SOLUTION
Objective: Define solution operationally and identify and describe the components of
a solution.
Materials: salt, water, spoon, clear glass or transparent plastic cup, common household
products
Procedures:
1. In a glass of water, put one-half teaspoon salt. Stir well until no salt is visible at the
bottom of the glass.
a. What happened to the salt after mixing?
________________________________________________________________
b. Based on what you mixed, have you formed a solution? Why?
________________________________________________________________
c. Which is the solute in this mixture? Which is the solvent?
________________________________________________________________
2. What you just did is an example of a solution. Look for other solutions in your home
and list 5 of them in the first column of the chart.
3. On the second and third column, identify the solute and solvent in each of the
solutions you listed.
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Table 1: What solutions can I find at home?

SOLUTION SOLUTE SOLVENT

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Critical Thinking Questions:

1. How is a solution formed?
______________________________________________________________________
2. Based from the examples, differentiate the solute from the solvent.
______________________________________________________________________
3. Can dissolving process happen if the solid solute is greater than the solvent?
Give a brief explanation.
______________________________________________________________________
4. Which solvent can dissolve most substances?
______________________________________________________________________
5. Do all solutions come in liquid form?
______________________________________________________________________

Activity 2
MIX IT!
Objective: Describe the properties and characteristics of common solutions

Materials:

● 5 plastic cups, labeled ● 5 cups of clean water ● 5 teaspoons

● kitchen strainer or improvised funnel with old white cloth
● 1 teaspoon each of the following: cooking oil, 3-in-1 coffee, sand, soy sauce,
rubbing alcohol
*Note: If plastic cups are not available, alternative cups can be used. Also,
please observe safety measures while doing the activity. Parent supervision is
highly encouraged.
Procedures:

1. Set up five cups of water. Label each cup as

shown on the right.
2. Prepare the materials to be mixed.

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 3. Mix each material to the water then answer the following guide questions.
a. Add one teaspoon of cooking oil to cup 1 and stir thoroughly. Describe your
mixture.
___________________________________________________________
b. Add one teaspoon of coffee to cup 2. Stir the water. Describe what happens.
___________________________________________________________
c. Do the same procedure to sand (cup 3), soy sauce (cup 4) and rubbing
alcohol (cup 5). Which are dissolved in the water? Which are not?
___________________________________________________________
d. How many phases do you observe in each cup after mixing?
___________________________________________________________
4. Now, try to separate the mixtures using your kitchen
strainer or an improvised funnel with white cloth/cheese
cloth (katsa). Pour each mixture in the cup one at a time
and observe what happens. Draw and record your
observations on the table below.

Table 2. What happens after filtering?

Observations
Mixture Illustration (Separated or
not?)

cup 1 (cooking oil + water)

cup 2 (coffee + water)

cup 3 (sand + water)

cup 4 (soy sauce + water)

cup 5 (rubbing alcohol +

water)

5. Which of the samples are solutions? Why do you say so?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
In Activities 1 and 2, you learned that you can find a lot of solutions in your homes.
Solutions can be of any phase, but most that you can see are liquids. Take note that
solutions are homogeneous, which means that they appear as a single phase, just like
the salt (solid) mixed with water (liquid) in which the solution appears to be in liquid phase.
The solute cannot be separated from the solvent through physical means (like passing
through a filter) due to its very fine particles. You were also able to identify which are the
solute and solvent in a particular solution. In the next activity, you will be able to
investigate how the nature of the solute and solvent affects the solution.

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 Activity 3
EFFECTive or NOT?
Objective: Investigate the effect of the nature of solute and the solvent in a solution
(Solid, Liquid and Gaseous)

Materials:

● 1 teaspoon rock salt ● 1 cup cold water

● 1 teaspoon iodized salt ● 4 cups tap water
● 2 teaspoons sugar ● 2 teaspoons cooking oil
● 1 cup hot water (Please ask your ● 2 teaspoons alcohol
parent’s assistance!)

Procedures:

Part I. Which dissolves faster - rock salt or iodized salt?

1. Pour equal amounts of tap water into two

cups. Place one teaspoon of rock salt on the
first cup and a teaspoon of iodized salt on
the other. Label the cups.
2. Without stirring, observe what happens.
3. Using the teaspoons, stir both solutions at
the same time. Make sure that the frequency
of stirring is the same for both. Which type of salt dissolved first?
________________________________________________________________
Part II. Effect of solvent’s temperature

1. Prepare two cups of water with equal amounts. One cup must contain hot water
while the other must have cold water. Label the cups.

2. Dissolve one teaspoon of sugar for each cup. Stir. What do you observe? Is
there any difference?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Part III. Effect of nature of solvent and solute

1. Prepare two cups. Label the first cup ‘with cooking oil’ and the second cup ‘with
alcohol’.
2. Pour tap water in each cup.
3. Pour two teaspoons of cooking oil and two teaspoons of alcohol on the
respective cups. Stir and observe what happens. Did the cooking oil dissolve in
water? How about the alcohol?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
In Activity 3, you have observed that there are certain variables that affect
the solubility in a solution. Solubility refers to the maximum amount of solute
that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent. In Part 1, you have seen how 6
stirring the solution has affected the rate to which the salt was dissolved as
compared to when you did not stir the solution. Without stirring, the salt particles settled
at the bottom of the cup and not all were completely dissolved. You also have witnessed
that a finer-grained solute dissolves faster than a solute with larger chunks or particles.
This has something to do with a substance’s surface area. When you try to pulverize rock
salt, you are increasing its surface area which makes it dissolve more quickly.

In Part II, the solvent’s temperature has

an effect on the solution. Most of the time, a
higher temperature would increase dissolving of
a solute quicker, just like in the experiment.
However, this does not happen all the time.
Some fish kills are caused by very high
temperatures, which lessens the amount of
dissolved oxygen in water. For gas solutes,
solubility decreases with an increase in
temperature.
Photo courtesy of philstar.com
Lastly, you have seen that alcohol completely dissolved in water (miscible) while
oil and water did not mix but instead formed two layers (immiscible). Some solutes will
dissolve in a solvent, but others will not. Always remember the rule: LIKE DISSOLVES
LIKE. This has something to do with a substance being polar or nonpolar, which will be
discussed further when you go to Grade 9.

Activity 4
TYPES OF SOLUTIONS
Objectives: Differentiate among saturated, unsaturated and supersaturated solutions.
Perform an experiment on saturation of solution.
Materials:

● 10 teaspoons of salt ● 1 empty 250 ml mineral bottle

● tap water ● stirrer/ extra teaspoon
Procedures:
1. Pour tap water into the empty mineral bottle .
2. Dissolve 1 teaspoon of salt into the water. Stir well until no more salt is visible
from the bottom of the cup/glass.
3. Add another teaspoon of salt and stir. Observe what happens.
4. Repeat step 3, and record your observations in the table below.
5. Continue repeating step 3 until you reach the indicated number of teaspoons in
the table below.
Table 3. How much salt is needed?

Amount of salt added Observation

(number of teaspoons) (totally dissolved or not?)

1
7
2
 3

6. What is the maximum amount of salt that can be completely dissolved in the
water? ______________________
In the previous activity, you were able to observe the difference among the three
types of solutions which are saturated, unsaturated, and supersaturated solutions. A
saturated solution is a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that is
capable of being dissolved. If the solute is less than the maximum amount, then it is called
an unsaturated solution. If the solute is more than the maximum amount, it is called a
supersaturated solution.
In the next module, you will be able to learn more about concentrations which is a
more measurable way of finding the solubility of a solute in a solution.

Remember
Solution is a type of mixture in which one substance is dissolved into another. It is a
single-phase (state of matter) mixture which makes it homogeneous (has uniform
appearance). Its components are mixed thoroughly that all the parts of a solution look
the same, hence, a solution has an even composition throughout. It has two
components, the solute and the solvent.
Solute is the substance being dissolved by another substance. It is the component of
the mixture that is present in a lesser amount.
Solvent is the substance that does the dissolving and is usually present in a greater
amount.
Solubility refers to the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount
of solvent. Factors such as stirring, particle size, temperature, and nature of the solute
affect solubility.
Unsaturated solutions have less solute than the maximum amount that it can
dissolve.
Saturated solutions contain the maximum amount of solute that it can dissolve in a
given amount of solvent. Excess solute particles are seen at the bottom of the
container.
Supersaturated solutions contain more than the maximum amount of solute that it
can dissolve.

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 Check Your Understanding
Critical Thinking Questions
1. Halo-halo is a popular Filipino cold dessert which
contains various ingredients such as crushed ice,
evaporated milk, ube, banana, and leche flan
among others. Once you are able to mix its
ingredients and the ice melts, will the halo-halo be
considered a solution? Why? Why not?
____________________________________ Image source: https://commons.wiki
____________________________________ media.org/wiki/File:Halo_halo1.jpg
____________________________________

2. How can apply the types of solutions (unsaturated,

saturated and supersaturated) whenever you are
preparing juice for your merienda?
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________ Image source: https://www.pickpik.com/
food-raspberry-lemonade-beverage-juice-
drink-91436

3. Rubbing alcohols in groceries are shown to be either 40% or 70% solutions.

What do you think do these numbers mean in terms of solute and solvent?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Post-Test
Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is INCORRECT about a solution?

A. It has one phase.
B. It is a homogeneous type of mixture.
C. Its composition is uniform throughout.
D. Its components can be easily distinguished.

2. Which of the following will readily dissolve in water?

A. aluminum B. oil C. salt D. starch

3. Which of the following is an example of a solid solution?

A. coal B. rocks C. steel D. wooden table

4. Suppose you put a teaspoon of sugar in a glass of water. You stir it and it dissolves.
You continue to add sugar until it no longer dissolves regardless how much you
stir it. What type of solution have you formed?
A. diluted solution
B. saturated solution
C. unsaturated solution
D. supersaturated solution 9
5. How can one turn a saturated solution to an unsaturated one?
A. by adding more solute C. by adding more solvent
B. by boiling the solution D. by cooling the solution

Reflection

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