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Degradation of Acid Cyanide Poison in Rubber Seed (Hevea Brasiliensis) After Treatment With Rice Husk Ash
Degradation of Acid Cyanide Poison in Rubber Seed (Hevea Brasiliensis) After Treatment With Rice Husk Ash
4
ISSN: 2088-5334
Abstract— Rubber seed (Hevea brasiliensis) contains protein (17.41 %) and non-essential amino acid cysteine (0.78 %) and acid
cyanide poison (186.00 mg/kg). The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of rice husk ash on degradation of acid
cyanide in rubber seed. This research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using treatment of rice husk ash concentration
with 5 levels of treatments (45; 60; 75; 90; 105 %) and 4 replications. The result showed nonsignificant differences (p>0.05) in
degradation of acid cyanide level during aging and significant differences (p<0.05) during soaking. Rubber seed treated with 90% of
rice husk ash during aging period contained cyanide 47.25 ppm and rubber seed treated with 60% of rice husk ash during soaking
period contained cyanide 40.37 ppm.
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consisted of five level of treatment of rice husk ash B. Soaking
concentrations (45; 60; 75; 90; 105 %) in three processing
Degradation of HCN poison level in soaking rubber seed
technique and four replications. HCN Analyses were carried
were significantly differences (p<0.05). The average values
out using Spectrophotometry method [15].
of HCN poison were decreasing by increasing of rice husk
C. Processing Techniques ash concentration (Table 2). The decreasing HCN on
soaking in the water processing technique lowest than aging
1) Aging: A set of rubber seed (250 g) was boiled in alone (Table 2 and Table 1)
distilled water (100°C) for 15 min. After boiling, the water
was drained off, the boiled seeds were peeled and then aging TABLE II
HCN POISON LEVEL (PPM) AFTER SOAKING RUBBER SEED IN
with rice husk ash on different concentration for 24 hours DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION OF RICE HUSK ASH.
and then wash in water.
Rice Husk Ash (%) HCN (ppm)
2) Soaking: A set of rubber seed (250 g) was boiled in
distilled water (100°C) for 15 min. After boiling, the water 45 58.61 a
was drained off, the boiled seeds were peeled and then aging 60 40.37 ab
75 33.22 b
with rice husk ash on different concentration for 24 hours
90 32.86 b
and then wash in water. Rubber seed soaked in 500 ml of 105 30.54 b
water (1:2 w/v) for 24 hours for each level of treatment.
Means with the same superscript in the same column were not
3) Boiling: A set of rubber seed (100 g) was boiled in significantly different (p>0.05).
distilled water (100°C) for 15 min. After boiling, the water
was drained off, the boiled seeds were peeled and then aging Rubber seed treated with 60%-105% of rice husk ash
with rice husk ash on different concentration for 24 hours during soaking-period contained cyanide 40.37-30.54 ppm,
and then wash in water. Rubber seed soaked in 500 ml of it is under standard from BPOM as 53.76 ppm [7]. These
water for 24 hours for each level of treatment, then boiled values are lowest than the rubber seed treated with soaking
(1005C) for 1.5 hour for each level of treatment. in running water for 24 hours values of 52.60 ppm [18].
The soaking in water caused diffusion and osmosis
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION process, which diluted the HCN in rubber seed and produced
foam and opaque solution. Rubber seed during soaking
A. Aging process degraded HCN level because CaO + HCN reacted to
The concentration of rice husk ash were not significantly CaCN + H2O. CaCN will be dissolved in water to decrease
differences (p>0.05) in degradation of HCN poison level in HCN poison level during soaking process. Aging rubber
rubber seed, but the average value of HCN poison were seed with rice husk ash followed by soaking in the water is
decreasing by increasing of rice husk ash concentration better than aging alone in removing cyanide.
(Table 1).
Rubber seed treated with 90%-105% of rice husk ash C. Boiling
during aging-period contained cyanide 47.25-43.74 ppm, it Degradation of HCN poison level in boiling rubber seed
is under standard from BPOM as 53.76 ppm [7]. were very significantly differences (p<0.01). The average
Rice husk ash is adsorptive properties, contains strong values of HCN poison were decreasing by increasing of rice
base such as CaO (0.5-1.4%) and K2O (2.46-3.68%) [16]. It husk ash concentration (Table 3). The decreasing HCN on
reacted with HCN and O2 around it yielding CaCN and KCN boiling processing technique lowest than soaking and aging
salt which easily soluble in water. alone (Table 2 and Table 1).
Carbon could extract cyanide from the samples then
transfer thought the porous carbon and absorb in to the TABLE III
boundary carbon so it could reduce the cyanide HCN POISON LEVEL (PPM) AFTER BOILING RUBBER SEED IN DIFFERENT
concentration [17]. CONCENTRATION OF RICE HUSK ASH.