8

Mathematics
Quarter 1, Week 6 – Module 6.2
Graphing a Linear Equation Given
(a) any two points; (b) the 𝒙- and
𝒚-intercepts; (c) the slope and a
point on the line – M8AL-If-2
\
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 1– Module 6.2: Graphing a Linear Equation Given (a) any two points; (b) the
𝒙- and 𝒚-intercepts; (c) the slope and a point on the line

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Regional Director: Gilbert T. Sadsad

Assistant Regional Director: Jessie L. Amin

Development Team of the Module

Writer: FLOCERPIDA B. BARRIAS

Editors: NERISSA A. MORTEGA

EFLEDA C. DOLZ
HILDA J. CARLET
DIOLETA B. BORAIS

Reviewer: LILLI ANN HERMOGENES

Illustrator/ Layout Artist: MARISOL B. BOSEO

 GRADE 8 ELC 6(QUARTER 1)
MODULE 6.2

GRAPHING LINEAR EQUATION

Introduction:

Graphing is one way of finding solutions to a given linear

equation. You already have learned how to graph linear equations in
one variable on a horizontal or vertical line.

Now we will be dealing with linear equations in two variables.

How many points do we need to draw a line? How are we going to
graph them? Where are we going to graph them? Or simply, how are
linear equations in two variables graphed?

Yes, you’re correct! We will be using the Cartesian coordinate

plane, do you still remember it? It is composed of two perpendicular
axes, the horizontal axis commonly called the 𝒙-axis and the
vertical axis commonly called the 𝒚-axis intersecting at a point
called the origin. It is divided into four quadrants as shown below:

This module is composed of three lessons about GRAPHING

LINEAR EQUATIONS:
Lesson 1: using any two points
Lesson 2: using the 𝒙- and 𝒚-intercepts

1
 Lesson 3: using the slope and a point on the line

After studying this module, you will learn how to graph a linear
equation given any two points, the 𝑥- and 𝑦-intercepts and given the slope
and its intercepts.

Pre-Test:

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

A.
1. If 𝑥 = 1, what is the value of y in the equation 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 1?

a. 1 b. 2 c. −1 d. −2

2. What is the ordered pair formed in #1?

a. (1,1) b. (1, −2) c. (1,2) d. (1, −1)

3-4. Using the equation, 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 2, complete the table below

given the values of 𝑥.
𝑥 0 1
𝑦
5. Graph the linear equation 𝑦 = 4𝑥– 2 using the two points from
the table above.

B.
1. In the equation 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 2, what is of the 𝑥– intercept?

1 2 1 2
a. − b. − c. d.
3 3 3 3

2. What is the y-intercept if the equation is y= 3x + 2?

a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5

3-4. Given the equation 𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 3, find the 𝑥- and 𝑦-intercepts.

𝑥-intercept = 𝑦-intercept =

5. Graph the linear equation whose 𝑥-intercept 𝒂 = 𝟐 and

𝑦-intercept 𝒃 = 𝟏.

C.
1. In the equation 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 2, what is the slope?

2
 a. −1 b. −2 c. −3 d. −4

1 −1 1
2. Can the slope − 2 be written as or −2 ?
2
a. Yes b. No c. Maybe d. None of these
3. If the slope of a line is 4, it means move 4 units upward from a
given point and ______ unit/s to the right.
a. 4 b. 3 c.2 d.1

−3
4-5. If the slope of a line is , it means move 3 units ____________
5
from a given point and 5 units to the ____________.
a. downward b. upward c. to the left d. to the right

NOTE: Compare your answers with those

given in the answer key.

LESSON 1
GRAPHING LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
USING ANY TWO POINTS

Objective:
After studying this lesson, you should be able to graph a linear
equation given any two points.

Vocabulary List:
• abscissa – refers to the distance of a point from the vertical axis.
It is the first coordinate of an ordered pair of numbers
representing a point on a coordinate plane and is also called the
x-coordinate.
• ordinate – refers to the distance of a point from the horizontal
axis. It is the second coordinate in an ordered pair of numbers
representing a point on a coordinate plane and is also called the
y- coordinate.
• Cartesian Coordinate Plane – known as the Rectangular
Coordinate System which is composed of two perpendicular

3
 number lines (vertical and horizontal) that meet at the point of
origin whose coordinates are (0,0).
• graph of a linear equation – is a straight line that composes the
set of all solutions of a linear equation.
• horizontal line – a line parallel to the 𝑥-axis
• ordered pair – a pair of numbers in the form (𝑥, 𝑦) which serve
as the coordinates of a point.
• origin – the point at which the 𝑥- and 𝑦-axes intersect. This
corresponds to the ordered pair (0,0).
• vertical line – a line parallel to the 𝑦-axis.
• 𝒙-axis – the horizontal axis of the Cartesian plane.
• 𝒚-axis – the vertical axis of the Cartesian plane.

Learning Activities:

In Geometry, you’ve learned that two points determine a line.

Since the graph of a linear equation is a line, thus the two points are
enough to draw a graph of a linear equation. Therefore, graphing is one
way to determine solutions of linear equations in two variables.

Learning Situation 1:

Pedro is assigned to graph the equation 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1. He finds

it difficult, how are you going to help Pedro?

Let us help Pedro by giving him a step by step procedure on

how he can draw the graph of the given equation. Here is the solution
for your example:

Step 1. Assign any two values to 𝑥, say 0 and 1.

Step 2. Solve for y, by substitution.

If 𝒙 = 𝟎; If 𝒙 = 𝟏;
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
𝑦 = 2(0) + 1 𝑦 = 2(1) + 1
𝑦 =0+1 𝑦 =2+1

𝑦=1 𝑦=3

4
 Step 3. Write the ordered pairs from step #2. (𝟎, 𝟏) and (𝟏, 𝟑).

Step 4. Plot the ordered pairs on the Cartesian plane and connect the
points.

This is now the graph of the linear equation assigned to Pedro. He used
the two points to draw the graph of the equation: 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1.

Now, are you ready to try another example? Look at the problem below.

Learning Situation 2:

Graph the line passing through points (−2,1) and (3,4).

How are you going to draw the line using the given two points?
What steps are you going to use?

I have a simple solution for you.

Step 1: Locate the points on the Cartesian plane

Step 2: Draw a line connecting the points

Were you able to get the steps in

graphing linear equations in two
variables using any two points?

5
 I’m sure you are very much ready to do our next activities.
Remember that two points on the Cartesian coordinate plane can be
used to show the graph of a linear equation in two variables.

Practice Exercises:

Practice Task 1:
Show the line on a Cartesian coordinate plane using the given pairs
of points:
1. (2, −3) and (−5,8)
2. (0, −4) and (6,0)
3. (3, −5) and (−5,0)
4. (7, 10) and (1, 4)
5. (1, 2) and (3, 4)

Practice Task 2:
If the values of 𝑥 are 1 and 2, find two ordered pairs for each of the
following equations.
1. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 1
2. 𝑦 = 3𝑥– 4
3. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 5
4. 𝑦 = −4𝑥 + 2
5. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 4

Practice Task 3:
Using the ordered pairs you obtained in Practice Task 2, draw the
graph of each linear equation on a Cartesian plane. Use a graphing
paper and a ruler to connect the points.

Assignment:
A. Graph the line passing through the given points.

1. (4,2) and (1,0)

2. (−2, −3) and (2, 5)

6
 3. (−1,3) and (4, 6)

LESSON 2
GRAPHING LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

USING 𝒙- and 𝒚-INTERCEPTS

Objective:
After studying this lesson, you should be able to graph a
linear equation given the x- and y-intercepts.

Vocabulary List:
• 𝒙-intercept – is the abscissa of the coordinates of the point
at which the graph intersects the 𝑥-axis. It is also the value of
𝑥 when 𝑦 = 0.
• 𝒚-intercept – is the ordinate of the coordinates of the point
at which the graph intersects the 𝑦-axis. It is also the value of
𝑦 when 𝑥 = 0.

Learning Activities:

You know already how to graph linear equation in two

variables using any two points. Now let us learn the second
method of graphing linear equation which is by using 𝒙-intercept
(𝒂) and 𝒚-intercept (𝒃).

The 𝑥- and 𝑦-intercepts of the line could represent two

points, which are (𝒂, 𝟎) and (𝟎, 𝒃).

Are these intercepts enough to graph the linear

equation?

Let’s try to solve the problem below.

Learning Situation:

Ambo is asked to graph the equation 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 using the 𝑥-

and 𝑦-intercepts.

7
 How are we going to help Ambo? What are the step by step
procedures in graphing the given linear equation?

Ambo needs to solve the 𝑥-intercept by letting 𝒚 = 𝟎 and the

𝑦-intercept by letting 𝒙 = 𝟎. I will show the solution for you:
Step 1. Letting 𝒚 = 𝟎,

𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 Given
0 = 2𝑥 + 1 Substitution
−2𝑥 = 1 Addition Property of Equality
−1
2
(−2𝑥) = 1 (−1
2
) Multiplication Property of Equality
Simplification
−1
𝑥=
2

Step 2. Letting 𝒙 = 𝟎,
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 Given
𝑦 = 2(0) + 1 Substitution
𝑦 =0+1 Simplification
Simplification
𝑦=1

Step 3. Write the two points representing the 𝒙-intercept (𝒂, 𝟎)

and the 𝒚-intercept (𝟎, 𝒃) from step #2.

−𝟏
( 𝟐 , 𝟎) and (0,1)

Step 4. Plot the 𝑥- and 𝑦-intercepts on the Cartesian plane and

connect the points.

8
This is now the graph of the linear equation assigned to Ambo.

Were you able to get the steps in graphing linear equations in two
variables using the 𝑥- and 𝑦- intercepts?

Now, are you ready to do our next activities?

What to Remember…
The 𝒙-intercept is the abscissa of the coordinates of the point in which the
graph intersects the 𝒙-axis. However, the 𝒚-intercept is the ordinate of the
coordinates of the point in which the graph intersects the 𝒚-axis.

Practice Exercises:

Practice Task 1:
In the following equations, give the
a. 𝑥-intercept b. 𝑦-intercept

1. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 3
2. 𝑦 = 2𝑥– 4
3. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 2
4. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 4
5. 𝑦 = −4𝑥 − 4

Practice Task 2:
Write the two points representing the 𝑥-intercept (𝑎, 0) and the 𝑦-
intercept (0, 𝑏) in Practice Task 1.

Practice Task 3:
Using the information in Practice Task 2, plot the 𝑥- and 𝑦-
intercepts on the Cartesian plane and connect the points.

9
 Assignment:
Graph each linear equation given the following information. Use
graphing paper.

1
1. 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 − 1 ; 𝑎 = 4 , 𝑏 = −1
5
2. 𝑦 = 3 𝑥 + 5 ; 𝑎 = −3 , 𝑏 = 5
1
3. 𝑦 = 8𝑥 − 4 ; 𝑎=− 2 , 𝑏 = −4

LESSON 3

GRAPHING LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES

USING SLOPE and ONE POINT
Welcome to Lesson 3:

Objective:
After studying this lesson, you should be able to graph
a linear equation given the slope and a point on the line.

Learning Activities:

You’ve already learned how to graph linear equations in two

variables using 1) any two points and 2) the intercepts.

Now, let’s learn how to graph linear equations in two variables

by using the slope and one point. What concept must you recall to
work well in this particular lesson?

You’re correct, we need to recall what slope of a line is. We

are very much proud of our famous tourist spots here in Bicol. But
Mount Mayon is the most fascinating volcano in the Philippines
because of its perfect conical shape. The approximate steepness of

10
 the volcano is labelled by the line as shown in the picture below. The
slope of the line can be used to describe how steep Mount Mayon is.

slope

A line can be described by its steepness or slope. The slope (𝒎) of a

line can be computed by finding the quotient of rise and run. That is,
𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒
𝑚=
𝑟𝑢𝑛

The rise refers to the vertical change/move or change in 𝑦-coordinate while

the run is the horizontal change/move or change in 𝑥-coordinate. That is,

𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑦−𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒

𝑚= = =
𝑟𝑢𝑛 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑥−𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒

To illustrate:

Now, how are we going to use this rise and run in graphing linear equations
in two variables if we are given the slope and one point?

Let’s try to solve the problem below.

Learning Situation 1:

2
Graph the line whose slope is and passing through (−3,2)?
3

The graph of linear equation can be drawn using the slope and
a point on the line. What are the steps to be followed?

Here’s how…

11
 Step 1. Locate point (−3, 2) on a Cartesian plane.

Step 2: From (−3, 2), move 2 units vertically upward and 3 units
horizontally to the right.

(Note: Please take note that the 2 nd point falls at the origin (𝟎, 𝟎)
if your point of reference is (−𝟑, 𝟐). But if we move again 2 units
vertically upward from the origin and 3 units horizontally to the
right, it falls at (𝟑, 𝟐)).

This is the graph of the line

2
whose slope is and
3
passing through (−3,2).

Were you able to get the steps in graphing linear equations in two variables
using the slope and one point?

Now, are you ready to do our next activities?

But before you perform them, try to take note of some important points to
remember:

What to Remember:
Note that if rise is less than zero (or negative), we move
downward from the first point to look for the second point. Similarly, if run
is less than zero (or negative), we move to the left from the first point to
1
look for the second point. Moreover, a negative rational number − 2 can
−1 1 −1
be written as either or but not .
2 −2 −2

12
 Practice Exercises:

Practice Task 1:
From the following equations, determine the slopes.

1. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 2
2. 𝑦 = 4𝑥– 5
3. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 3
4. 𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 5
1
5. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 4

Practice Task 2:
Graph the line given the slope and passing through the given point.

1. 𝑚 = −5 , (7,3)
4
2. 𝑚 = 7 , (1, −1)

3. 𝑚 = 2 , (−2, −5)
4. 𝑚 = 4 , (1, −3)
−2
5. 𝑚 = , (−4,3)
5

Practice Task 3:
Graph the line with the given slope and passing through the
indicated point.

1. 𝑚 = 3 , (0,2)
2. 𝑚 = 4 , (−5, −6)
3. 𝑚 = −1 , (0, −1)
2
4. 𝑚 = 3 , (5,0)
3
5. 𝑚 = 4 , (1, 3)

13
 Post Test:
A. Find two ordered pairs that will satisfy the given linear equations if
the values of 𝑥 are 0 and 1 and plot the graph of each.
1. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 6
2. 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 3
3. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 2
4. 𝑦 = −2𝑥– 4
1
5. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 5
B. In the following equations, give the following:
a. 𝑥- intercept
b. 𝑦- intercept

1. 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 4
2. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 5
3. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3
4. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 4
5. 𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 10
Graph each linear equation using the intercepts. Use graphing
paper.
−9
6. 𝑦 = 𝑥+9 ; 𝑎=7 , 𝑏=9
7
−11
7. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 11 ; 𝑎 = 9 , 𝑏 = 10
9
−8
8. 𝑦 = 𝑥+8 ; 𝑎=5 , 𝑏=8
5
−8
9. 𝑦 = 𝑥+8 ; 𝑎 = −2 , 𝑏 = −7
5
1
10. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 2 ; 𝑎 = 2 , 𝑏 = −2

C. Graph the line with the given slope and passing through the indicated
point. Use graphing paper. (2pts each)

1
1. 𝑚 = 2 , (4,3)
2. 𝑚 = −2 , (3, −2)
1
3. 𝑚 = 3 , (−3, −4)
4. 𝑚 = −2 , (−5, 6)
5. 𝑚 = 3 , (0, −4)

14
 Assignment:

Graph the line with the given slope and passing through the indicated
point. Use graphing paper.

−1
1. 𝑚 = 2 , (3, 3)
2. 𝑚 = 2 , (−5, 2)
3
3. 𝑚 = 4 , (4, −3)

ANSWER KEY:
PRE-TEST:
A.
1. B 2. C 3-4.
𝑥 0 1
𝑦 −2 2

5.

B.
3
1. B. 2. A. 3-4. 𝑥 – intercept = 5

𝑦 – intercept = −3

15
 5.

C. 1. C. 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. D

Lesson 1

PRACTICE TASK 1:
1.

16
2.

3.

17
4.

5.

PRACTICE TASK 2:
1. (1, −1) ; (2, −3)

2. (1, −1) ; (2,2)

3. (1,7) ; (2,9)

18
 4. (1, −2) ; (2, −6)

5. (1,1) ; (2, −2)

PRACTICE TASK 3:

1.

2.

19
3.

4.

20
 5.

ASSIGNMENT:

1.

2.

21
 3.

Lesson 2

PRACTICE TASK 1:
1. 𝑥- intercept = 1 ; 𝑦- intercept = 3
2. 𝑥- intercept = 2 ; 𝑦- intercept = −4
−1
3. 𝑥- intercept = 2 ; 𝑦- intercept = 2
4. 𝑥- intercept = 2 ; 𝑦- intercept = 4
5. 𝑥- intercept = −1 ; 𝑦- intercept = −4

PRACTICE TASK 2:
1. (1,0) and (0,3)
2. (2,0) and (0, −4)
−1
3. ( 2 , 0) and (0,2)
4. (2,0) and (0,4)
5. (−1,0) and (0, −4)

PRACTICE TASK 3:
1.

22
2.

3.

4.

23
 5.

ASSIGNMENT:
1.

2.

24
 3.

Lesson 3
PRACTICE TASK 1:
1. 𝑚 = −3
2. 𝑚=4
3. 𝑚 = −2
4. 𝑚=7
1
5. 𝑚= 2

PRACTICE TASK 2:
1.

(𝟕, 𝟑)

(𝟖, −𝟐)

25
2.

(𝟖, 𝟑)

(𝟏, −𝟏)

3.

(−𝟏, −𝟑)
(−𝟐, −𝟓)

26
4.

(𝟐, 𝟏)

(𝟏, −𝟑)

5.

(−𝟒, 𝟑)
(𝟏, 𝟏)

27
PRACTICE TASK 3:

1.

(𝟏, 𝟓)

(𝟎, 𝟐)

2.

(−𝟒, −𝟐)

(−𝟓, −𝟔)

28
3.

(𝟎, −𝟏)
(𝟏, −𝟐)

4.

(𝟖, 𝟐)

(𝟓, 𝟎)

29
 5.

(𝟓, 𝟔)

(𝟏, 𝟑)

ASSIGNMENT:

1.

(𝟑, 𝟑)
(𝟓, 𝟐)

30
2.

(−𝟒, 𝟒)

(−𝟓, 𝟐)

3.

(𝟖, 𝟎)

(𝟒, −𝟑)

31
POST TEST:
A. 1. (𝟎, 𝟔) and (𝟏, 𝟕)

(𝟏, 𝟕)

(𝟎, 𝟔)

2. (𝟎, 𝟑) and (𝟏, 𝟐)

(𝟎, 𝟑)
(𝟏, 𝟐)

32
3. (𝟎, 𝟐) and (𝟏, 𝟓)

(𝟏, 𝟓)

(𝟎, 𝟐)

4. (𝟎, −𝟒) and (𝟏, −𝟔)

(𝟎, −𝟒)

(𝟏, −𝟔)

33
 𝟏
5. (𝟎, 𝟓) and (𝟏, 𝟓 𝟐)

𝟏
൬𝟏, 𝟓 ൰
𝟐

(𝟎, 𝟓)

B. 1. 𝑥-intercept = 4; 𝑦-intercept = 4
−5 1
2. 𝑥-intercept = 2 𝑜𝑟 − 2 2; 𝑦-intercept = −5
−3 1
3. 𝑥-intercept = 2 𝑜𝑟 − 1 2; 𝑦-intercept = 3
−4 1
4. 𝑥-intercept = 3 𝑜𝑟 − 1 3; 𝑦-intercept = 4

5. 𝑥-intercept =2; 𝑦-intercept = −10

6. 𝒂 = 𝟕 𝒃 = 𝟗 (𝟎, 𝟗)

(𝟕, 𝟎)

34
7. 𝒂 = 𝟗 𝒃 = 𝟏𝟎

(𝟎, 𝟏𝟎)

(𝟗, 𝟎)

8. 𝒂 = 𝟓 𝒃=𝟖

(𝟎, 𝟖)

(𝟓, 𝟎)

35
9. 𝒂 = −𝟐 𝒃 = −𝟕

(−𝟐, 𝟎)

(𝟎, −𝟕)

𝟏
10. 𝒂 = 𝟐 𝒃 = −𝟐

𝟏
൬ , 𝟎൰
𝟐

(𝟎, −𝟐)

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 𝟏
C. 1. 𝒎 = 𝟐 (𝟒, 𝟑)

(𝟔, 𝟒)
(𝟒, 𝟑)

2. 𝒎 = −𝟐 (𝟑, −𝟐)

(𝟑, −𝟐)

(𝟒, −𝟒)

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 𝟏
3. 𝒎 = 𝟑 (−𝟑, −𝟒)

(−𝟑, −𝟒) (𝟎, −𝟑)

4. 𝒎 = −𝟐 (−𝟓, 𝟔)

(−𝟓, 𝟔)

(−𝟒, 𝟒)

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 5. 𝒎 = 𝟑 (𝟎, −𝟒)

(𝟏, −𝟏)

(𝟎, −𝟒)

References:

• Mathematics Learners Material for OHSP , pp. 96-99

• Distance Learning Module Mathematics I (Unit 6 –Linear Equations
and Inequalities), pp. 14-18
• Mathematics 8 Learner’s Module, pp 187-191
• Grade 8 Mathematics Teacher’s Guide, pp 202-206
• Daily Lesson Plan , pp 165-171

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