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Mathematics
Quarter 1, Week 6 – Module 6.2
Graphing a Linear Equation Given
(a) any two points; (b) the 𝒙- and
𝒚-intercepts; (c) the slope and a
point on the line – M8AL-If-2
\
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 1– Module 6.2: Graphing a Linear Equation Given (a) any two points; (b) the
𝒙- and 𝒚-intercepts; (c) the slope and a point on the line
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Introduction:
1
Lesson 3: using the slope and a point on the line
After studying this module, you will learn how to graph a linear
equation given any two points, the 𝑥- and 𝑦-intercepts and given the slope
and its intercepts.
Pre-Test:
a. 1 b. 2 c. −1 d. −2
B.
1. In the equation 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 2, what is of the 𝑥– intercept?
1 2 1 2
a. − b. − c. d.
3 3 3 3
𝑥-intercept = 𝑦-intercept =
C.
1. In the equation 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 2, what is the slope?
2
a. −1 b. −2 c. −3 d. −4
1 −1 1
2. Can the slope − 2 be written as or −2 ?
2
a. Yes b. No c. Maybe d. None of these
3. If the slope of a line is 4, it means move 4 units upward from a
given point and ______ unit/s to the right.
a. 4 b. 3 c.2 d.1
−3
4-5. If the slope of a line is , it means move 3 units ____________
5
from a given point and 5 units to the ____________.
a. downward b. upward c. to the left d. to the right
LESSON 1
GRAPHING LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
USING ANY TWO POINTS
Objective:
After studying this lesson, you should be able to graph a linear
equation given any two points.
Vocabulary List:
• abscissa – refers to the distance of a point from the vertical axis.
It is the first coordinate of an ordered pair of numbers
representing a point on a coordinate plane and is also called the
x-coordinate.
• ordinate – refers to the distance of a point from the horizontal
axis. It is the second coordinate in an ordered pair of numbers
representing a point on a coordinate plane and is also called the
y- coordinate.
• Cartesian Coordinate Plane – known as the Rectangular
Coordinate System which is composed of two perpendicular
3
number lines (vertical and horizontal) that meet at the point of
origin whose coordinates are (0,0).
• graph of a linear equation – is a straight line that composes the
set of all solutions of a linear equation.
• horizontal line – a line parallel to the 𝑥-axis
• ordered pair – a pair of numbers in the form (𝑥, 𝑦) which serve
as the coordinates of a point.
• origin – the point at which the 𝑥- and 𝑦-axes intersect. This
corresponds to the ordered pair (0,0).
• vertical line – a line parallel to the 𝑦-axis.
• 𝒙-axis – the horizontal axis of the Cartesian plane.
• 𝒚-axis – the vertical axis of the Cartesian plane.
Learning Activities:
Learning Situation 1:
If 𝒙 = 𝟎; If 𝒙 = 𝟏;
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
𝑦 = 2(0) + 1 𝑦 = 2(1) + 1
𝑦 =0+1 𝑦 =2+1
𝑦=1 𝑦=3
4
Step 3. Write the ordered pairs from step #2. (𝟎, 𝟏) and (𝟏, 𝟑).
Step 4. Plot the ordered pairs on the Cartesian plane and connect the
points.
This is now the graph of the linear equation assigned to Pedro. He used
the two points to draw the graph of the equation: 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1.
Now, are you ready to try another example? Look at the problem below.
Learning Situation 2:
How are you going to draw the line using the given two points?
What steps are you going to use?
5
I’m sure you are very much ready to do our next activities.
Remember that two points on the Cartesian coordinate plane can be
used to show the graph of a linear equation in two variables.
Practice Exercises:
Practice Task 1:
Show the line on a Cartesian coordinate plane using the given pairs
of points:
1. (2, −3) and (−5,8)
2. (0, −4) and (6,0)
3. (3, −5) and (−5,0)
4. (7, 10) and (1, 4)
5. (1, 2) and (3, 4)
Practice Task 2:
If the values of 𝑥 are 1 and 2, find two ordered pairs for each of the
following equations.
1. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 1
2. 𝑦 = 3𝑥– 4
3. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 5
4. 𝑦 = −4𝑥 + 2
5. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 4
Practice Task 3:
Using the ordered pairs you obtained in Practice Task 2, draw the
graph of each linear equation on a Cartesian plane. Use a graphing
paper and a ruler to connect the points.
Assignment:
A. Graph the line passing through the given points.
6
3. (−1,3) and (4, 6)
LESSON 2
GRAPHING LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
Objective:
After studying this lesson, you should be able to graph a
linear equation given the x- and y-intercepts.
Vocabulary List:
• 𝒙-intercept – is the abscissa of the coordinates of the point
at which the graph intersects the 𝑥-axis. It is also the value of
𝑥 when 𝑦 = 0.
• 𝒚-intercept – is the ordinate of the coordinates of the point
at which the graph intersects the 𝑦-axis. It is also the value of
𝑦 when 𝑥 = 0.
Learning Activities:
Learning Situation:
7
How are we going to help Ambo? What are the step by step
procedures in graphing the given linear equation?
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 Given
0 = 2𝑥 + 1 Substitution
−2𝑥 = 1 Addition Property of Equality
−1
2
(−2𝑥) = 1 (−1
2
) Multiplication Property of Equality
Simplification
−1
𝑥=
2
Step 2. Letting 𝒙 = 𝟎,
𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1 Given
𝑦 = 2(0) + 1 Substitution
𝑦 =0+1 Simplification
Simplification
𝑦=1
−𝟏
( 𝟐 , 𝟎) and (0,1)
8
This is now the graph of the linear equation assigned to Ambo.
Were you able to get the steps in graphing linear equations in two
variables using the 𝑥- and 𝑦- intercepts?
What to Remember…
The 𝒙-intercept is the abscissa of the coordinates of the point in which the
graph intersects the 𝒙-axis. However, the 𝒚-intercept is the ordinate of the
coordinates of the point in which the graph intersects the 𝒚-axis.
Practice Exercises:
Practice Task 1:
In the following equations, give the
a. 𝑥-intercept b. 𝑦-intercept
1. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 3
2. 𝑦 = 2𝑥– 4
3. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 2
4. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 4
5. 𝑦 = −4𝑥 − 4
Practice Task 2:
Write the two points representing the 𝑥-intercept (𝑎, 0) and the 𝑦-
intercept (0, 𝑏) in Practice Task 1.
Practice Task 3:
Using the information in Practice Task 2, plot the 𝑥- and 𝑦-
intercepts on the Cartesian plane and connect the points.
9
Assignment:
Graph each linear equation given the following information. Use
graphing paper.
1
1. 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 − 1 ; 𝑎 = 4 , 𝑏 = −1
5
2. 𝑦 = 3 𝑥 + 5 ; 𝑎 = −3 , 𝑏 = 5
1
3. 𝑦 = 8𝑥 − 4 ; 𝑎=− 2 , 𝑏 = −4
LESSON 3
Objective:
After studying this lesson, you should be able to graph
a linear equation given the slope and a point on the line.
Learning Activities:
10
the volcano is labelled by the line as shown in the picture below. The
slope of the line can be used to describe how steep Mount Mayon is.
slope
To illustrate:
Now, how are we going to use this rise and run in graphing linear equations
in two variables if we are given the slope and one point?
Learning Situation 1:
2
Graph the line whose slope is and passing through (−3,2)?
3
The graph of linear equation can be drawn using the slope and
a point on the line. What are the steps to be followed?
Here’s how…
11
Step 1. Locate point (−3, 2) on a Cartesian plane.
Step 2: From (−3, 2), move 2 units vertically upward and 3 units
horizontally to the right.
(Note: Please take note that the 2 nd point falls at the origin (𝟎, 𝟎)
if your point of reference is (−𝟑, 𝟐). But if we move again 2 units
vertically upward from the origin and 3 units horizontally to the
right, it falls at (𝟑, 𝟐)).
Were you able to get the steps in graphing linear equations in two variables
using the slope and one point?
But before you perform them, try to take note of some important points to
remember:
What to Remember:
Note that if rise is less than zero (or negative), we move
downward from the first point to look for the second point. Similarly, if run
is less than zero (or negative), we move to the left from the first point to
1
look for the second point. Moreover, a negative rational number − 2 can
−1 1 −1
be written as either or but not .
2 −2 −2
12
Practice Exercises:
Practice Task 1:
From the following equations, determine the slopes.
1. 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 2
2. 𝑦 = 4𝑥– 5
3. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 3
4. 𝑦 = 7𝑥 + 5
1
5. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 4
Practice Task 2:
Graph the line given the slope and passing through the given point.
1. 𝑚 = −5 , (7,3)
4
2. 𝑚 = 7 , (1, −1)
3. 𝑚 = 2 , (−2, −5)
4. 𝑚 = 4 , (1, −3)
−2
5. 𝑚 = , (−4,3)
5
Practice Task 3:
Graph the line with the given slope and passing through the
indicated point.
1. 𝑚 = 3 , (0,2)
2. 𝑚 = 4 , (−5, −6)
3. 𝑚 = −1 , (0, −1)
2
4. 𝑚 = 3 , (5,0)
3
5. 𝑚 = 4 , (1, 3)
13
Post Test:
A. Find two ordered pairs that will satisfy the given linear equations if
the values of 𝑥 are 0 and 1 and plot the graph of each.
1. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 6
2. 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 3
3. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 2
4. 𝑦 = −2𝑥– 4
1
5. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 + 5
B. In the following equations, give the following:
a. 𝑥- intercept
b. 𝑦- intercept
1. 𝑦 = −𝑥 + 4
2. 𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 5
3. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3
4. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 4
5. 𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 10
Graph each linear equation using the intercepts. Use graphing
paper.
−9
6. 𝑦 = 𝑥+9 ; 𝑎=7 , 𝑏=9
7
−11
7. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 11 ; 𝑎 = 9 , 𝑏 = 10
9
−8
8. 𝑦 = 𝑥+8 ; 𝑎=5 , 𝑏=8
5
−8
9. 𝑦 = 𝑥+8 ; 𝑎 = −2 , 𝑏 = −7
5
1
10. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 2 ; 𝑎 = 2 , 𝑏 = −2
C. Graph the line with the given slope and passing through the indicated
point. Use graphing paper. (2pts each)
1
1. 𝑚 = 2 , (4,3)
2. 𝑚 = −2 , (3, −2)
1
3. 𝑚 = 3 , (−3, −4)
4. 𝑚 = −2 , (−5, 6)
5. 𝑚 = 3 , (0, −4)
14
Assignment:
Graph the line with the given slope and passing through the indicated
point. Use graphing paper.
−1
1. 𝑚 = 2 , (3, 3)
2. 𝑚 = 2 , (−5, 2)
3
3. 𝑚 = 4 , (4, −3)
ANSWER KEY:
PRE-TEST:
A.
1. B 2. C 3-4.
𝑥 0 1
𝑦 −2 2
5.
B.
3
1. B. 2. A. 3-4. 𝑥 – intercept = 5
𝑦 – intercept = −3
15
5.
C. 1. C. 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. D
Lesson 1
PRACTICE TASK 1:
1.
16
2.
3.
17
4.
5.
PRACTICE TASK 2:
1. (1, −1) ; (2, −3)
3. (1,7) ; (2,9)
18
4. (1, −2) ; (2, −6)
PRACTICE TASK 3:
1.
2.
19
3.
4.
20
5.
ASSIGNMENT:
1.
2.
21
3.
Lesson 2
PRACTICE TASK 1:
1. 𝑥- intercept = 1 ; 𝑦- intercept = 3
2. 𝑥- intercept = 2 ; 𝑦- intercept = −4
−1
3. 𝑥- intercept = 2 ; 𝑦- intercept = 2
4. 𝑥- intercept = 2 ; 𝑦- intercept = 4
5. 𝑥- intercept = −1 ; 𝑦- intercept = −4
PRACTICE TASK 2:
1. (1,0) and (0,3)
2. (2,0) and (0, −4)
−1
3. ( 2 , 0) and (0,2)
4. (2,0) and (0,4)
5. (−1,0) and (0, −4)
PRACTICE TASK 3:
1.
22
2.
3.
4.
23
5.
ASSIGNMENT:
1.
2.
24
3.
Lesson 3
PRACTICE TASK 1:
1. 𝑚 = −3
2. 𝑚=4
3. 𝑚 = −2
4. 𝑚=7
1
5. 𝑚= 2
PRACTICE TASK 2:
1.
(𝟕, 𝟑)
(𝟖, −𝟐)
25
2.
(𝟖, 𝟑)
(𝟏, −𝟏)
3.
(−𝟏, −𝟑)
(−𝟐, −𝟓)
26
4.
(𝟐, 𝟏)
(𝟏, −𝟑)
5.
(−𝟒, 𝟑)
(𝟏, 𝟏)
27
PRACTICE TASK 3:
1.
(𝟏, 𝟓)
(𝟎, 𝟐)
2.
(−𝟒, −𝟐)
(−𝟓, −𝟔)
28
3.
(𝟎, −𝟏)
(𝟏, −𝟐)
4.
(𝟖, 𝟐)
(𝟓, 𝟎)
29
5.
(𝟓, 𝟔)
(𝟏, 𝟑)
ASSIGNMENT:
1.
(𝟑, 𝟑)
(𝟓, 𝟐)
30
2.
(−𝟒, 𝟒)
(−𝟓, 𝟐)
3.
(𝟖, 𝟎)
(𝟒, −𝟑)
31
POST TEST:
A. 1. (𝟎, 𝟔) and (𝟏, 𝟕)
(𝟏, 𝟕)
(𝟎, 𝟔)
(𝟎, 𝟑)
(𝟏, 𝟐)
32
3. (𝟎, 𝟐) and (𝟏, 𝟓)
(𝟏, 𝟓)
(𝟎, 𝟐)
(𝟎, −𝟒)
(𝟏, −𝟔)
33
𝟏
5. (𝟎, 𝟓) and (𝟏, 𝟓 𝟐)
𝟏
൬𝟏, 𝟓 ൰
𝟐
(𝟎, 𝟓)
B. 1. 𝑥-intercept = 4; 𝑦-intercept = 4
−5 1
2. 𝑥-intercept = 2 𝑜𝑟 − 2 2; 𝑦-intercept = −5
−3 1
3. 𝑥-intercept = 2 𝑜𝑟 − 1 2; 𝑦-intercept = 3
−4 1
4. 𝑥-intercept = 3 𝑜𝑟 − 1 3; 𝑦-intercept = 4
6. 𝒂 = 𝟕 𝒃 = 𝟗 (𝟎, 𝟗)
(𝟕, 𝟎)
34
7. 𝒂 = 𝟗 𝒃 = 𝟏𝟎
(𝟎, 𝟏𝟎)
(𝟗, 𝟎)
8. 𝒂 = 𝟓 𝒃=𝟖
(𝟎, 𝟖)
(𝟓, 𝟎)
35
9. 𝒂 = −𝟐 𝒃 = −𝟕
(−𝟐, 𝟎)
(𝟎, −𝟕)
𝟏
10. 𝒂 = 𝟐 𝒃 = −𝟐
𝟏
൬ , 𝟎൰
𝟐
(𝟎, −𝟐)
36
𝟏
C. 1. 𝒎 = 𝟐 (𝟒, 𝟑)
(𝟔, 𝟒)
(𝟒, 𝟑)
2. 𝒎 = −𝟐 (𝟑, −𝟐)
(𝟑, −𝟐)
(𝟒, −𝟒)
37
𝟏
3. 𝒎 = 𝟑 (−𝟑, −𝟒)
4. 𝒎 = −𝟐 (−𝟓, 𝟔)
(−𝟓, 𝟔)
(−𝟒, 𝟒)
38
5. 𝒎 = 𝟑 (𝟎, −𝟒)
(𝟏, −𝟏)
(𝟎, −𝟒)
References:
39