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Manual XMT A Two Wire Amperometric Hart Transmitter Rosemount en 69036
Manual XMT A Two Wire Amperometric Hart Transmitter Rosemount en 69036
PN 51-Xmt-A-HT/rev.K
March 2012
CAUTION
If a Model 375 Universal Hart ® Communicator is used with these
transmitters, the software within the Model 375 may require
modification.
If a software modification is required, please contact your local
Emerson Process Management Service Group or National Response
Center at 1-800-654-7768.
English Français 5. Choose the desired language. Choose >> to show more choices.
Español >>
Measurement type 6. Choose type of measurement: Oxygen, Ozone, Free Chlorine, Total Chlorine, or
Monochloramine. To see more choices, move the cursor to >> and press ENTER.
Oxygen Ozone >>
If you chose Oxygen, go to step 6a.
If you chose Ozone, go to step 7a.
If you chose Free Chlorine, go to step 8a.
If you chose Total Chlorine or Monochloramine, go to step 9a.
Manufacturer? 7a. For Oxygen, select the manufacturer of the sensor, Rosemount or Other. If you chose
Rosemount Other Rosemount, go to step 6b. If you chose Other go to step 6c.
Application? 7b. Select the application: Water/Waste, Trace Oxygen, or Biopharm. To see more choic-
Water/Waste >> es, move the cursor to >> and press ENTER.
units? 7c. Choose the units in which you want the oxygen measurement dis-played. If you chose
ppm %sat ppb >> partialPress (partial pressure), the default units are mm Hg. To select different units,
refer to Section 7.4.
Temperature in?
7d. Choose temperature units: °C or °F.
°C °F
Temperature in?
9c. Choose temperature units: °C or °F.
°C °F
Temperature in?
10a.For Total Chlorine and Monochloramine, choose temperature units: °C or °F.
°C °F
11. To change output settings, to scale the 4-20 mA output, to change pH-related settings
(free chlorine only) from the default values, and to set security codes, press MENU.
Select Program and follow the prompts. For more information refer to section 7.0. For
calibration information, refer to section 8.0.
12. To return the transmitter to default settings, choose ResetAnalyzer in the Program menu.
The menu tree for the Solu Comp Xmt-A-HT is on the following page.
QUICK START GUIDE
MENU TREE FOR MODEL SOLU COMP Xmt-A-HT TRANSMITTER
Language
MODEL XMT-A-HT TABLE OF CONTENTS
7.0 PROGRAMMING..................................................................................................... 37
7.1 General .................................................................................................................... 37
7.2 Changing Start-up Settings ...................................................................................... 37
7.3 Configuring and Ranging the Output ....................................................................... 39
7.4 Choosing and Configuring the Analytical Measurement .......................................... 42
7.5 Making Temperature Settings .................................................................................. 46
7.6 Setting a Security Code ........................................................................................... 47
7.7 Making HART-Related Settings ............................................................................... 48
7.8 Noise Reduction....................................................................................................... 48
7.9 Resetting Factory Calibration and Factory Default Settings .................................... 48
7.10 Selecting a Default Screen and Screen Contrast .................................................... 49
i
MODEL XMT-A-HT TABLE OF CONTENTS
ii
MODEL XMT-A-HT TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
Number Title Page
7-1 Default Settings ....................................................................................................... 38
iii
MODEL XMT-A-HT TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES
Number Title Page
1-1 HART Communication.............................................................................................. 5
2-1 Removing the Knockouts ......................................................................................... 7
2-2 Panel Mount Installation ........................................................................................... 8
2-3 Pipe Mount Installation ............................................................................................. 9
2-4 Surface Mount Installation........................................................................................ 10
2-5 Load/Power Supply Requirements........................................................................... 11
2-6 Power Supply/Current Loop Wiring.......................................................................... 12
2-7 Power & Sensor Wiring Terminals and Wiring Label for Xmt-A-HT Panel Mount ... 12
2-8 Power & Sensor Wiring Terminals and Wiring Label for Xmt-A-HT Pipe/Surface Mount 13
3-1 Xmt-A-HT panel mount; 499A sensors with standard cable .................................... 14
3-2 Xmt-A-HT panel mount; 499A sensors with optimum EMI/RFI cable or Variopol cable 14
3-3 Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; 499A sensors with standard cable ............................... 14
3-4 Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; 499A sensors with optimum EMI/RFI cable or ...........
Variopol cable .................................................................................................... 14
3-5 Xmt-A-HT panel mount; free chlorine sensor with standard cable and 399-09-62 .
pH sensor .................................................................................................... 15
3-6 Xmt-A-HT panel mount; free chlorine sensor with standard cable and 399-VP-09
pH sensor .................................................................................................... 15
3-7 Xmt-A-HT panel mount; free chlorine sensor with standard cable and 399-14 pH
sensor .................................................................................................... 16
3-8 Xmt-A-HT panel mount; free chlorine sensor with optimum EMI/RFI cable or ......
Variopol cable and 399-09-62 pH sensor................................................................. 16
3-9 Xmt-A-HT panel mount; free chlorine sensor with optimum EMI/RFI cable or ......
Variopol cable and 399-VP-09 pH sensor................................................................ 16
3-10 Xmt-A-HT panel mount; free chlorine sensor with optimum EMI/RFI cable or ......
Variopol cable and 399-14 pH sensor...................................................................... 17
3-11 Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; free chlorine sensor with standard cable and 399-09-62
pH sensor .................................................................................................... 17
3-12 Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; free chlorine sensor with standard cable and .............
399-VP-09pH sensor................................................................................................ 17
3-13 Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; free chlorine sensor with standard cable and 399-14 .
pH sensor .................................................................................................... 17
3-14 Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; free chlorine sensor with optimum EMI/RFI cable or
Variopol cable and 399-09-62 pH sensor................................................................. 17
3-15 Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; free chlorine sensor with optimum EMI/RFI cable or
Variopol cable and 399-VP-09 pH sensor................................................................ 18
3-16 Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; free chlorine sensor with optimum EMI/RFI cable or
Variopol cable and 399-14 pH sensor...................................................................... 18
3-17 Xmt-A-HT panel mount with Hx438 or Gx448 sensor.............................................. 18
3-18 Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount with Hx438 or Gx448 sensor ........................................ 18
3-19 Wiring Model Bx438 to Xmt-A-HT-10....................................................................... 18
3-20 Wiring Model Bx438 to Xmt-A-HT-11 ....................................................................... 18
4-1 FM Intrinsically Safe Installation Label..................................................................... 19
4-2 FM Intrinsically Safe Installation Wiring ................................................................... 20
4-3 CSA Intrinsically Safe Installation Label................................................................... 22
4-4 CSA Intrinsically Safe Installation Wiring ................................................................. 23
iv
MODEL XMT-A-HT TABLE OF CONTENTS
The following list provides notes concerning all revisions of this document.
Rev. Level Date Notes
A 9/03 This is the initial release of the product manual.
B 12/03 Added note to troubleshooting, p. 70.
C 9/04 Added agency wiring drawings.
D 11/04 Updated mounting drawings.
E 4/05 Revised panel mount drawing.
F 9/05 Added Foundation fieldbus agency approvals and FISCO version.
G 2/06 Revised section 1.0, p. 1, and substituted standard text on 1.2, p.2.
H 6/06 Revised Quick Start choices adding language as #5. Added Language
box to Quick start guide on page D. Deleted 230A in accessories chart on page 5.
I 10/08 Addition of Hazardous Location Approvals.
J 05/10 Include EC Certificates on page 107
K 03/12 Update addresses - mail and web and DNV certificate logo
v
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 1.0
DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS
SECTION 1.0
DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS
Xmt Family of Two-wire Transmitters
• CHOICE OF COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS:
HART® or FOUNDATION® Fieldbus
• CLEAR, EASY-TO-READ two-line display shows commissioning menus
and process measurement displays in English
• SIMPLE TO USE MENU STRUCTURE
• CHOICE OF PANEL OR PIPE/SURFACE MOUNTING
• NON-VOLATILE MEMORY retains program settings and calibration
data during power failures
• SIX LOCAL LANGUAGES - English, French, German, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese
The seven-button membrane-type keypad allows local pro- For pH measurements — pH is available with free chlorine
gramming and calibrating of the transmitter. The HART only — the Xmt-A features automatic buffer recognition
Model 375 communicator can also be used for program- and stabilization check. Buffer pH and temperature data
ming and calibrating the transmitter. for commonly used buffers are stored in the transmitter.
Glass impedance diagnostics warn the user of an aging or
The Model Xmt-A Transmitter with the appropriate sensor failed pH sensor.
1
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 1.0
DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS
2
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 1.0
DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS
Intrinsic Safety:
Class I, II, III, Div. 1
Groups A-G
T4 Tamb = 50°C
Non-Incendive:
Class I, Div. 2, Groups A-D
Dust Ignition Proof
Class II & III, Div. 1, Groups E-G
NEMA 4/4X Enclosure
3
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 1.0
DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS
4
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 1.0
DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS
1.234ppm
25.0°C 12.34mA
For the measurement of oxygen, a variety of units are available: ppm, ppb (for 499ATrDO sensor only), % saturation,
and partial pressure (in units of mm Hg, in Hg, bar, mbar, atm, or kPa).
For chlorine measurements with continuous pH correction, the basic display also shows the pH.
1.234ppm
7.89pH 25.0°C
1.234ppm
25.0°C 500nA
5
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 1.0
DESCRIPTION AND SPECIFICATIONS
MODEL
Xmt SMART TWO-WIRE MICROPROCESSOR TRANSMITTER
CODE REQUIRED SELECTION
P pH/ORP
1.11 ACCESSORIES
POWER SUPPLY: Use the Model 515 Power Supply to HART COMMUNICATOR: The Model 375 HART commu-
provide dc loop power to the transmitter. The Model 515 nicator allows the user to view measurement values as
provides two isolated sources at 24Vdc and 200 mA each. well as to program and configure the transmitter. The
For more information refer to product data sheet 71-515. Model 375 attaches to any wiring terminal across the out-
put loop. A minimum 250 Ω load must be between the
power supply and transmitter. Order the Model 375 com-
ALARM MODULE: The Model 230A alarm Module municator from Emerson Process Management. Call
receives the 4-20 mA signal from the Xmt-A-HT transmit- (800) 999-9307.
ter and activates two alarm relays. High/high, low/low, and
high/low are available. Hysteresis (deadband) is also
adjustable. For more information, refer to product data
sheet 71-230A.
ACCESSORIES
MODEL/PN DESCRIPTION
515 DC loop power supply (see product data sheet 71-515)
23820-00 2-in. pipe mounting kit
9240048-00 Stainless steel tag, specify marking
Model 375 To order HART Model 375 Communicator, call Emerson Process Management at (800) 999-9307
AMS software To order AMS software, call Emerson Process Management at (800) 999-9307
23554-00 Gland fittings PG 13.5, 5 per package
6
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 2.0
INSTALLATION
SECTION 2.0
INSTALLATION
2.2 INSTALLATION
2.2.1 General Information
1. Although the transmitter is suitable for outdoor use, do not install it in direct sunlight or in areas of extreme
temperatures.
2. Install the transmitter in an area where vibrations and electromagnetic and radio frequency interference are
minimized or absent.
3. Keep the transmitter and sensor wiring at least one foot from high voltage conductors. Be sure there is easy
access to the transmitter.
4. The transmitter is suitable for panel, pipe, or surface mounting. Refer to the table below.
5. The transmitter case has two 1/2-inch (PG13.5) conduit openings and four 1/2-inch knockouts. One conduit
opening is for the power/output cable; the other opening is for the sensor cable. The center knockout in the
bottom of the enclosure should be removed only if a second sensor is required, i.e., if free chlorine with con-
tinuous pH correction is being measured. (Note: Earlier versions of the Xmt-A-HT pipe/surface mount trans-
mitters may have three openings in the bottom of the enclosure. The transmitter is shipped with a NEMA 4X
plug installed in the center opening.)
Figure 2-1 shows how to remove a knockout. The knockout grooves
are on the outside of the case. Place the screwdriver blade on the
inside of the case and align it approximately along the groove. Rap
the screwdriver sharply with a hammer until the groove cracks.
Move the screwdriver to an uncracked portion of the groove and
continue the process until the knockout falls out. Use a small knife
to remove the flash from the inside of the hole.
6. Use weathertight cable glands to keep moisture out to the transmit-
ter. If conduit is used, plug and seal the connections at the trans-
mitter housing to prevent moisture from getting inside the instru-
ment.
7. To reduce the likelihood of stress on wiring connections, do not
remove the hinged front panel (-11 models) from the base during
wiring installation. Allow sufficient wire length to avoid stress on con- FIGURE 2-1. Removing the Knockouts
ductors.
7
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 2.0
INSTALLATION
MILLIMETER
INCH
8
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 2.0
INSTALLATION
MILLIMETER
INCH
9
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 2.0
INSTALLATION
MILLIMETER
INCH
10
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 2.0
INSTALLATION
11
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 2.0
INSTALLATION
FIGURE 2-7. Power and Sensor Wiring Terminals and Wiring Label for Xmt-A-HT Panel Mount Enclosure.
12
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 2.0
INSTALLATION
FIGURE 2-8. Power and Sensor Wiring Terminals and Wiring Label for Xmt-A-HT Pipe/Surface Mount Enclosure.
13
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 3.0
SENSOR WIRING
SECTION 3.0
SENSOR WIRING
3.1 WIRING MODEL 499A OXYGEN, CHLORINE, MONOCHLORAMINE, AND OZONE SENSORS
All 499A sensors (499ADO, 499ATrDO, 499ACL-01, 499ACL-02, 499ACL-03, and 499AOZ) have identical wiring.
Use the pigtail wire and wire nuts provided with the sensor when more than one wire must be attached to a single termi-
nal.
FIGURE 3-1. Xmt-A-HT panel mount; 499A sensors FIGURE 3-2. Xmt-A-HT panel mount; 499A sensors
with standard cable with optimum EMI/RFI or Variopol cable
FIGURE 33. Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; 499A sen- FIGURE 3-4. Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; 499A sen-
sors with standard cable sors with optimum EMI/RFI or Variopol cable
14
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 3.0
SENSOR WIRING
FIGURE 3-5. Xmt-A-HT panel mount; free chlorine FIGURE 3-6. Xmt-A-HT panel mount; free chlorine
sensor with standard cable and 399-09-62 pH sensor. sensor with standard cable and 399-VP-09 pH sensor.
15
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 3.0
SENSOR WIRING
FIGURE 3-9. Xmt-A-HT panel mount; free chlorine FIGURE 3-10. Xmt-A-HT panel mount; free chlorine
sensor with optimum EMI/RFI or Variopol and sensor with optimum EMI/RFI or Variopol
399-VP-09- pH sensor. 399-14 pH sensor.
16
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 3.0
SENSOR WIRING
FIGURE 3-11. Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; free chlorine FIGURE 3-12. Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount; free chlorine
sensor with standard cable and 399-09-62 pH sensor. sensor with standard cable and 399-VP-09 pH sensor.
17
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 3.0
SENSOR WIRING
FIGURE 3-17. Xmt-A-HT panel mount with Hx438 or FIGURE 3-18. Xmt-A-HT wall/pipe mount with Hx438
Gx448 sensor. or Gx448 sensor.
FIGURE 3-19. Wiring Bx438 to Xmt-A-HT-10 FIGURE 3-20. Wiring Bx438 to Xmt-A-HT-11
18
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 4.0
INTRINSICALLY SAFE OPERATION
SECTION 4.0
INTRINSICALLY SAFE OPERATION
19
20
MODEL XMT-A-HT
21
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 4.0
INTRINSICALLY SAFE OPERATION
22
MODEL XMT-A-HT
23
24
MODEL XMT-A-HT
25
26
MODEL XMT-A-HT
27
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 5.0
DISPLAY AND OPERATION
SECTION 5.0
DISPLAY AND OPERATION
5.1. DISPLAY
The Model Xmt-A-HT has a two-line
display. Generally, the user can pro-
gram the transmitter to show one of
two displays. If the transmitter has
been configured to measure free
chlorine with continuous pH correc-
tion, more displays are available.
Figure 5-1 shows the displays avail-
able for dissolved oxygen.
The transmitter has information
screens that supplement the data in
the main display. Press q to view
FIGURE 5-1. Displays During Normal Operation
the information screens. The first
information screen shows the type Screen A shows the dissolved oxygen reading, the temperature, and the out-
of measurement being made (oxy- put current generated by the transmitter. Screen B shows the same information
gen, ozone, free chlorine, total chlo- as screen A except the output current has been substituted with the raw sen-
rine, or monochloramine). The last sor current. Screen B is most useful while troubleshooting sensor problems.
information screen is the soft-
ware version number.
During calibration and program-
ming, key presses cause different
displays to appear. The displays are
self-explanatory and guide the user
step-by-step through the procedure.
5.2 KEYPAD
Figure 5-2 shows the Solu Comp
Xmt keypad.
28
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 5.0
DISPLAY AND OPERATION
Calibrate Hold 1. If the menu screeen (shown at the left) is not already showing, press
Program Display MENU. Calibrate is blinking, which means the cursor is on Calibrate.
Calibrate Hold 2. To assign values to the current output, the Program sub-menu must be
Program Display open. Press q. The cursor moves to Program (Program blinking.)
Press ENTER. Pressing ENTER opens the Program sub-menu.
Output Temp 3. The Program sub-menu permits the user to configure and assign val-
Measurement >> ues to the 4-20 mA output, to test and trim the output, to change the
type of measurement from what was selected during Quick Start, to set
Security HART manual or automatic temperature correction for membrane permeability,
>> and to set security codes. When the sub-menu opens, Output is blink-
ing, which means the cursor is on Output. Press q or u (or any arrow
Noise Rejection
key) to move the cursor around the display. Move the cursor to >> and
ResetAnalyzer >> press ENTER to cause a second screen with more program items to
appear. There are three screens in the Program sub-menu. Pressing
>> and ENTER in the third screen cause the display to return to the first
screen (Output, Temp, Measurement).
4. For practice, assign values to the 4 and 20 mA output. Move the cursor
to Output and press ENTER.
Output? Test 5. The screen shown at left appears. Test is blinking. Move the cursor to
Configure Range Range and press ENTER.
Output Range? 6. The screen shown at left appears. + is blinking, which means the cursor
4mA +0.000ppm is on +.
a. To toggle between + and - press p or q.
b. To move from one digit to the next, press t or u.
c. To increase or decrease the value of a digit, press p or q.
d. To move the decimal point, press t or u until the cursor is on the
decimal point. Press p to move the decimal to the right. Press q to
move the decimal point to the left.
e. Press ENTER to store the number.
Output Range? 7. The screen shown at left appears. Use this screen to assign a full scale
20mA +10.00ppm value to the 20 mA output. Use the arrow keys to change the number to
the desired value. Press ENTER to store the setting.
Output? Test 8. The screen shown at left appears. To configure the output or to test the
Configure Range output, move the cursor to the appropriate place and press ENTER.
9. To return to the main menu, press MENU. To return to the main display,
press MENU then EXIT, or press EXIT repeatedly until the main display
appears. To return to the previous display, press EXIT.
NOTE
To store values or settings, press ENTER before pressing EXIT.
29
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 5.0
DISPLAY AND OPERATION
5.4 SECURITY
5.4.1 How the Security Code Works
Use security codes to prevent accidental or unwanted changes to program settings, displays, and calibration. Two
three-digit security codes can be used to do the following…
a. Allow a user to view the default display and information screens only.
b. Allow a user access to the calibration and hold menus only.
c. Allow a user access to all the menus.
Enter Security 1. If a security code has been programmed, pressing MENU causes the
Code: 000
security screen to appear.
2. Enter the three-digit security code.
a. If a security code has been assigned to configure only, entering it will
unlock all the menus.
b. If separate security codes have been assigned to calibrate and con-
figure, entering the calibrate code will allow the user access to only
the calibrate and hold menus; entering the configuration code will
allow the user access to all menus.
Invalid Code 3. If the entered code is correct, the main menu screen appears. If the code
is incorrect, the Invalid Code screen appears. The Enter Security Code
screen reappears after two seconds.
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The main menu screen appears. Choose Hold.
Program Display
Hold Outputs? 2. The Hold Output screen appears. Choose Yes to put the transmitter in
Yes No hold.
Output Range? 10.00mA 3. The top line in the display is the present current output. Use the arrow
Hold at 20.00mA keys to change the number in the second line to the desired current dur-
ing hold.
4. The main display screen appears.
5. To take the transmitter out of hole, repeat steps 1 and 2 and choose No
in step 2.
30
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 6.0
OPERATION WITH MODEL 375
SECTION 6.0
OPERATION WITH MODEL 375
31
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 6.0
OPERATION WITH MODEL 375
6.3 Operation
6.3.1 Off-line and On-line Operation
The Model 375 Communicator features off-line and on-line communications. On-line means the communicator is
connected to the transmitter in the usual fashion. While the communicator is on line, the operator can view meas-
urement data, change program settings, and read diagnostic messages. Off-line means the communicator is not
connected to the transmitter. When the communicator is off line, the operator can still program settings into the
communicator. Later, after the communicator has been connected to a transmitter, the operator can transfer the
programmed settings to the transmitter. Off-line operation permits settings common to several transmitters to be
easily stored in all of them.
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The main menu screen appears. Choose Program.
Program Display
DevID PollAddrs 4. To display the device ID, choose DevID. To change the polling address,
Burst Preamble choose PollAddrs. To make burst mode settings, choose Burst. To
change the preamble count, choose Preamble.
32
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 6.0
OPERATION WITH MODEL 375
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Xmt-A-HT 375 Menu Tree
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Device setup
Process variables
View Fld Dev Vars
Oxygen *
Temp
Snsr Cur
pH #
pH mV #
GI #
Temp Res
View PV-Analog 1
PV is Oxygen *
PV
PV % rnge
PV AO
View SV
SV is Temp **
SV
View TV
TV is Snsr Cur ***
TV
View 4V
4V is Temp Res ****
4V
View Status
Diag/Service
Test device
Loop test
View Status
Master Reset
Fault History
Hold Mode
Calibration
Zero Main Sensor
Air Calibration
In-process Cal
Dual Range Cal #####
Adjust Temperature
pH 2-Pt Cal #
pH Auto Cal #
Standardize pH #
D/A trim
33
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 6.0
OPERATION WITH MODEL 375
Diagnostic Vars
Oxygen
Snsr Cur
Sensitivity
Zero Current
pH Value #
pH mV #
pH Slope #
pH Zero Offset #
GI #
Temp
Temp Res
Noise rejection
Basic setup
Tag
PV Range Values
PV LRV
PV URV
PV
PV % rnge
Device information
Distributor
Model
Dev id
Tag
Date
Write protect
Snsr text
Descriptor
Message
Revision #'s
Universal rev
Fld dev rev
Software rev
Hardware rev
Detailed setup
Sensors
Oxygen *
Oxygen Unit [ppm, ppb, %sat, mmHg, inHg, atm, kPa, mbar, bar] *, *****
Oxygen Sensor [ADO, TRDO, SSDO1, SSDO2] ##
Salinity ###
Pressure Unit [mmHg, inHg, atm, kPa, mbar, bar] ##
Use process pressure for %saturation? [No, Yes] ###
Process pressure (Note: Valid only when process pressure is enabled)
Air cal pressure ## (read only)
Input filter
Sensor SST
Sensor SSS
Dual Range Cal [Disable, Enable] ####
FIGURE 6-2. Xmt-A-HT HART/Model 375 Menu Tree
34
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 6.0
OPERATION WITH MODEL 375
pH #
pH Value
pH Comp [Auto, Manual]
Manual pH
Preamp loc [Sensor, Xmtr]
Autocal [Manual, Standard, DIN 19267, Ingold, Merck]
pH Slope
pH SST
pH SSS
pH Zero Offset Limit
pH Diagnostics
Diagnostics [Off, On]
GFH
GFL
Imped Comp [Off, On]
Temperature
Temp Comp [Auto, Manual]
Man. Temp
Temp unit [ºC, ºF]
Temp Snsr
Signal condition
LRV
URV
AO Damp
% rnge
Xfer fnctn
AO lo end point
AO hi end pt
Output condition
Analog output
AO
AO Alrm typ
Fixed
Fault mode [Fixed, Live]
Fault
Loop test
D/A trim
HART output
PV is Oxygen *
SV is Temp **
TV is Snsr Cur ***
4V is pH ****
Poll addr
Burst option [PV, %range/current, Process vars/crnt]
Burst mode [Off, On]
Num req preams
Num resp preams
FIGURE 6-2. Xmt-A-HT HART/Model 375 Menu Tree
35
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 6.0
OPERATION WITH MODEL 375
Device information
Distributor
Model
Dev id
Tag
Date
Write protect
Snsr text
Descriptor
Message
Revision #'s
Universal rev
Fld dev rev
Software rev
Hardware rev
Local Display
AO LOI Units [mA, %]
LOI cfg code
LOI cal code
Noise rejection
Load Default Conf.
Review
Sensors
Outputs
Device information
PV
PV AO
PV LRV
PV URV
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
* Can be Oxygen, Free Cl, Ozone, Ttl Cl, or Chlrmn
** Can be *, Temp, pH, GI
*** Can be *, Snsr Cur, Temp, pH, GI
**** Can be *, Snsr Cur, Temp, pH, GI, Temp Res, Not Used
***** Units for Ozone can be ppm or ppb. For any of the chlorines, unit is
always ppm.
36
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
7.1 GENERAL
This section describes how to program the transmitter using the keypad.
1. Configure and assign values to the 4-20 mA output.
2. Test and trim the current output.
3. Select the measurement to be made (oxygen, ozone, free chlorine, total chlorine, or monochloramine).
4. Choose temperature units and automatic or manual temperature mode.
5. Set a security code.
6. Make certain settings relating to HART communication.
7. Program the transmitter for maximum reduction of environmental noise.
Default settings are shown in Table 7-1. To change a default setting, refer to the section listed in the table. To return the
transmitter to the default settings, see Section 7.9.
37
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
38
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
7.3.2 Definitions
1. CURRENT OUTPUT. The transmitter provides a continuous 4-20 mA output current directly proportional to the
concentration of oxygen, ozone, chlorine, or monochloramine in the sample.
2. FAULT. The transmitter continuously monitors itself and the sensor for faults. If the transmitter detects a fault, the
4-20 mA output can be programmed to go to a fixed value or it can be programmed to continue to display the live
current reading. In any event Fault appears intermittently in the second line of the display.
3. DAMPEN. Output dampening smooths out noisy readings. But it also increases the response time of the output. To
estimate the time (in minutes) required for the output to reach 95% of the final reading following a step change, divide
the setting by 20. Thus, a setting of 140 means that, following a step change, the output takes about seven minutes
to reach 95% of final reading. The output dampen setting does not affect the response time of the process display. The
maximum setting is 255.
4. TEST. The transmitter can be programmed to generate a test current.
39
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Program.
Program Display
Current Output 6. If you chose Fixed, the screen at left appears. Use the arrow keys to change the
if Fault:22.00mA fault current to the desired value. The limits are 4.00 to 22.00 mA. If you chose
Live, there are no settings to make.
Display Ouput? 8. Choose mA or percent. Percent means the display will show percent of full scale
mA percent reading.
Damping? 000−255 10. Use the arrow keys to change the blinking display to the desired time constant.
000 sec
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Program.
Program Display
Output range? 4. Assign a value to the 4 mA output and press ENTER. Then assign a value to the
4mA 0.000ppm 20 mA output. Press ENTER. Use the arrow keys to change the flashing display
to the desired value.
40
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Program.
Program Display
Current Output 5. Use the arrow keys to change the displayed current to the desired value. Press
for Test:12.00mA ENTER. The output will change to the value just entered.
6. To return to normal operation, press EXIT. The output will return to the value deter-
mined by the process variable.
Calibrate Hold 2. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Program.
Program Display
Meter reading: 6. The output goes to 4.00 mA. If the milliammeter does not read 4.00 mA, use the
04.00mA arrow keys to change the display to match the current measured by the mil-
liammeter.
Meter reading: 7. The output goes to 20.00 mA. If the milliammeter does not read 20.00 mA, use
20.00mA the arrow keys to change the display to match the current measured by the mil-
liammeter.
Trim Complete 8. To return to the main display, press MENU then EXIT.
41
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
7.4.2 Definitions
1. MEASUREMENT. The transmitter can be configured to measure dissolve oxygen (ppm and ppb level), free chlorine,
total chlorine, monochloramine, and ozone.
2. FREE CHLORINE. Free chlorine is the product of adding sodium hypochlorite (bleach) or chlorine gas to fresh water.
Free chlorine is the sum of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypochlorite ion (OCl-).
3. TOTAL CHLORINE. Total chlorine is the sum of free and combined chlorine. Combined chlorine generally refers to
chlorine oxidants in which chlorine is combined with ammonia or organic amines. The term total chlorine also refers to
other chlorine oxidants such as chlorine dioxide. To measure total chlorine, the sample must first be treated with acetic
acid and potassium iodide. Total chlorine reacts with iodide to produce an equivalent amount of iodine, which the sen-
sor measures.
4. MONOCHLORAMINE. Monochloramine (NH2Cl) is commonly used in the United States for disinfecting drinking water.
It is made by first treating the water with ammonia followed by just the exact amount of chlorine to completely react
with the ammonia. Monochloramine is a useful disinfectant in waters that have a tendency to produce trihalomethanes
(THMs) when treated free chlorine.
5. BAROMETRIC PRESSURE (DISSOLVED OXYGEN ONLY). Dissolved oxygen sensors are usually calibrated by
exposing them to air. The sensor current in air is exactly the same as the current when the sensor is in water saturat-
ed with air. The maximum solubility of atmospheric oxygen in water depends on temperature and barometric pressure.
A temperature device in the oxygen sensor measures temperature. The user must enter the barometric pressure.
6. PERCENT SATURATION (DISSOLVED OXYGEN ONLY). Percent saturation is the ratio of the concentration of dis-
solved oxygen in a sample to the maximum amount of oxygen the sample can hold at the same temperature. Pressure
also affects the percent saturation. Usually, percent saturation is calculated using the barometric pressure during cal-
ibration. If the user desires, percent saturation can also be calculated using the process pressure.
42
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
7. SALINITY (DISSOLVED OXYGEN ONLY). The solubility of oxygen in water depends on the concentration of dis-
solved salts in water. Increasing the concentration decreases the solubility. If the salt concentration is greater than
about 1000 ppm, the accuracy of the measurement can be improved by applying a salinity correction. Enter the salin-
ity as parts per thousand. One percent is ten parts per thousand.
8. pH CORRECTION (FREE CHLORINE ONLY). Free chlorine is the sum of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypochlorite
ion (OCl-). The relative amount of each depends on pH. As pH increases, the fraction of free chlorine present as HOCl
decreases and the fraction present as OCl- increases. Because the sensor responds only to HOCl, a correction is nec-
essary to convert the sensor current into a free chlorine reading. The Solu Comp Xmt uses both automatic and man-
ual pH correction. In automatic pH correction the transmitter continuously monitors the pH of the sample and corrects
the free chlorine reading for changes in pH. In manual pH correction, the user enters the pH of the sample. Generally,
if the pH varies more than about 0.2 units over short periods of time, automatic pH correction is best. If the pH is rel-
atively steady or subject only to seasonal changes, manual pH correction is adequate.
9. pH SETTINGS (FREE CHLORINE ONLY). If you are measuring free chlorine with continuous (automatic) pH correc-
tion, there are additional pH settings to make.
a. PREAMPLIFIER. The raw pH signal is a high impedance voltage. A voltage follower or preamplifier, located either
in the sensor or transmitter, converts the high impedance signal into a low impedance one. Normally, high imped-
ance signals should be sent no further than about 15 feet.
b. REFERENCE OFFSET. Ideally, a pH sensor in pH 7 buffer should have a voltage of 0 mV. The difference between
the measured voltage in pH 7 buffer and the ideal value is the reference offset. Typically, the reference offset is
less than 60 mV.
c. DIAGNOSTICS. The Solu Comp Xmt continuously monitors the pH sensor for faults. If it detects a fault, the trans-
mitter displays a fault message.
d. GLASS IMPEDANCE. The transmitter monitors the condition of the pH-sensitive glass membrane in the sensor by
continuously measuring the impedance across the membrane. Typical impedance is between 100 and 500 MΩ.
Low impedance (<10 MΩ) implies the glass bulb has cracked and the sensor must be replaced. An extremely high
impedance (>1000 MΩ) implirs the sensor is aging and may soon need replacement. High impedance might also
mean that the glass membrane is no longer immersed in the process liquid.
10. DUAL SLOPE CALIBRATION (FREE AND TOTAL CHLORINE ONLY). The Model 499ACL-01 (free chlorine) and
499ACL-02 (total chlorine) sensors lose sensitivity at high concentrations of chlorine. The Solu Comp Xmt has a dual
slope feature that allows the user to compensate for the non-linearity of the sensor. For the vast majority of applica-
tions, dual slope calibration is unnecessary.
11. INPUT FILTER. The raw sensor current can be filtered to reduce noise. Filtering also increases the response time. The
filter is the time required for the input to reach 63% of its final reading following a step change.
43
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Program.
Program Display
Measurement type 3. Choose Measurement type (oxygen, ozone, free chlorine, total chlorine, or
Oxygen Ozone >> monochloramine).
Manufacturer? 5a. Identify the manufacturer of the oxygen sensor: Rosemount or Other.
Rosemount Other
Application? 5b. Identify the application: water or wastewater, trace oxygen, or biopharm. Move
Water/Waste >> the cursor to >> and press ENTER to move to the next screen.
units? 5c. Choose the units in which results are to be displayed: ppm, ppb, partialPress, or
ppm %sat ppb >> %sat. Select >> to view the next screen. If you chose partialPress, the partial
pressure and the barometric pressure used in air calibration will be displayed in
the pressure units selected below.
Pressure units? 5d. Choose pressure units: mm Hg, in Hg, atm, kPa, bar, or mbar.
mmHg inHg atm >>
Use processPress 5e. If percent saturation is to be calculated using the process pressure, choose Yes
for %satn? Yes No
and go to step 5f. If percent saturation is to be calculated using the barometric
pressure during air calibration, choose No. If you chose No, the screen changes
to the screen in step 5g.
Input filter? 5g. Enter the time constant for the input filter.
63% in 005sec
units? 6a. If you chose ozone, select the units in which the ozone concentration is to be displayed.
ppm ppb
Input filter? 6b. Enter the time constant for the input filter.
63% in 005sec
44
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
pH Comp? 7a. For free chlorine, choose auto or manual pH correction. If you chose auto,
Auto Manual you must also configure the pH sensor. Go to step 7b. If you chose manual, go
to step 7k.
Use Preamp in? 7b. Identify the location of the pre-amplifier for the pH sensor. Is it in the transmitter
Xmtr Sensor/JBox (Xmtr) or in the sensor or junction box (Sensor/Jbox)?
pH sensor pre-amplifier location
399-09-62 Sensor/JBox
399VP-09 Sensor/JBox
399-14 Xmtr
Max pH reference 7c. Select a maximum value for the pH sensor reference offset.
offset: 060mV
Diagnostic msgs? 7d. Activate diagnostic messages. Even if diagnostic messages are turned off, the
On Off current pulses used to measure diagnostics will still be operating.
GlassZ temp 7e. Turn on or turn off the temperature correction for the glass membrane imped-
correct On Off ance measurement. Keeping the temperature correction on is recommended.
Glass fault low 7f. Select a value at which the low glass impedance fault message will be shown.
value: 0010mΩ The default value is 0010 MΩ.
Glass fault high 7g. Select a value at which the high glass impedance fault message will be shown.
value: 1000mΩ The default value is 1000 MΩ.
Input filter?
7h. Enter the time constant for the input filter.
63% in 005sec
Cal Slope? 7i. Choose single or dual slope calibration. For the vast majority of applications,
Single Dual dual slope calibration is unnecessary.
Manual pH 7k. If you choose manual pH correction, enter the desired pH. The transmitter will
07.00pH use this value in all subsequent calculations no matter what the true pH is.
Input filter?
7l. Enter the time constant for the input filter.
63% in 005sec
Cal Slope? 7m. Choose single or dual slope calibration. For the vast majority of applications,
Single Dual dual slope calibration is unnecessary.
45
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
Cl Cal Slope? 8a. If you chose total chlorine, select single or dual slope calibration. For the vast
Single Dual majority of applications, dual slope calibration is unnecessary.
Input filter? 8b. Enter the time constant for the input filter.
63% in 005sec
Input filter? 9a. If you chose monochloramine, enter the time constant for the input filter.
63% in 005sec
7.5.3 Definitions — pH
1. AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION. The transmitter uses a temperature-dependent factor to convert
measured cell voltage to pH. In automatic temperature compensation, the transmitter measures the temperature and
automatically calculates the correct conversion factor. For maximum accuracy, use automatic temperature compen-
sation.
2. MANUAL TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION. In manual temperature compensation, the transmitter converts meas-
ured voltage to pH using the temperature entered by the user. It does not use the actual process temperature. Do
NOT use manual temperature compensation unless the process temperature varies no more than about ±2°C or the
pH is between 6 and 8. Manual temperature compensation is useful if the sensor temperature element has failed
and a replacement sensor is not available.
46
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Program.
Program Display
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Program.
Program Display
47
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Program.
Program Display
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Program.
Program Display
Load factory 5. Choose Yes or No. Choosing Yes clears previous settings and calibrations and
returns the transmitter to the first quick start screen.
settings? Yes No
48
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 7.0
PROGRAMMING THE TRANSMITTER
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Display.
Program Display
4. The display returns to the screen in step 2. Press MENU then EXIT to return to
the main display.
Calibrate Hold 1. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Display.
Program Display
Display contrast 3. To increase the contrast, select darker. Press ENTER. Each key press increases
Lighter Darker the contrast. To reduce the contrast, select lighter, Press ENTER. Each key press
decreases the contrast.
NOTE:
Screen contrast can also be adjusted from the main display. Press MENU and é at
the same time to increase contrast. Press MENU and ê at the same time to decrease
contrast. Repeatedly pressing the arrow key increases or reduces the contrast.
49
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 8.0
CALIBRATION — TEMPERATURE
SECTION 8.0
CALIBRATION — TEMPERATURE
8.1 INTRODUCTION
All five amperometric sensors (oxygen, ozone, free chlorine, total chlorine, and monochloramine) are membrane-
covered sensors. As the sensor operates, the analyte (the substance to be determined) diffuses through the mem-
brane and is consumed at an electrode immediately behind the membrane. The reaction produces a current that
depends on the rate at which the analyte diffuses through the membrane. The diffusion rate, in turn, depends on the
concentration of the analyte and how easily it passes through the membrane (the membrane permeability). Because
the membrane permeability is a function of temperature, the sensor current will change if the temperature changes.
To correct for changes in sensor current caused by temperature, the transmitter automatically applies a membrane
permeability correction. Although the membrane permeability is different for each sensor, the change is about 3%/°C
at 25°C, so a 1°C error in temperature produces about a 3% error in the reading.
Temperature plays an additional role in oxygen measurements. Oxygen sensors are calibrated by exposing them
to water-saturated air, which, from the point of view of the sensor, is equivalent to water saturated with atmospheric
oxygen (see Section 9.0 for more information). During calibration, the transmitter calculates the solubility of atmos-
pheric oxygen in water using the following steps. First, the transmitter measures the temperature. From the tem-
perature, the transmitter calculates the vapor pressure of water and, using the barometric pressure, calculates the
partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen. Once the transmitter knows the partial pressure, it calculates the equilib-
rium solubility of oxygen in water using a temperature-dependent factor called the Bunsen coefficient. Overall, a
1°C error in the temperature measurement produces about a 2% error in the solubility calculated during calibra-
tion and about the same error in subsequent measurements.
Temperature is also important in the pH measurement required to correct free chlorine readings.
1. The transmitter uses a temperature dependent factor to convert measured cell voltage to pH. Normally, a slight
inaccuracy in the temperature reading is unimportant unless the pH reading is significantly different from 7.00.
Even then, the error is small. For example, at pH 12 and 25°C, a 1°C error produces a pH error less than ±0.02.
2. During auto calibration, the transmitter recognizes the buffer being used and calculates the actual pH of the
buffer at the measured temperature. Because the pH of most buffers changes only slightly with temperature,
reasonable errors in temperature do not produce large errors in the buffer pH. For example, a 1°C error caus-
es at most an error of ±0.03 in the calculated buffer pH.
Without calibration the accuracy of the temperature measurement is about ±0.4°C. Calibrate the transmitter if
1. ±0.4°C accuracy is not acceptable
2. the temperature measurement is suspected of being in error. Calibrate temperature by making the transmit-
terreading match the temperature measured with a standard thermometer.
50
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 8.0
CALIBRATION — TEMPERATURE
Calibrate Hold 4. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Live 25.0ºC 7. To calibrate the temperature, change the number in the second line to
Cal +025.0ºC match the temperature measured with the standard thermometer.
Press ENTER.
Manual Temp? 9. If the temperature value shown in the display is not correct, use the
+25.0ºC arrow keys to change it to the desired value. The transmitter will use the
temperature entered in this step in all measurements and calculations,
no matter what the true temperature is.
51
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 9.0
CALIBRATION — DISSOLVED OXYGEN
SECTION 9.0
CALIBRATION — DISSOLVED OXYGEN
9.1 INTRODUCTION
As Figure 9-1 shows, oxygen sensors generate a current directly proportional to the concentration of dissolved
oxygen in the sample. Calibrating the sensor requires exposing it to a solution containing no oxygen (zero stan-
dard) and to a solution containing a known amount of oxygen (full-scale standard).
The zero standard is necessary because oxygen sensors, even when no oxygen is present in the sample, gener-
ate a small current called the residual current. The transmitter compensates for the residual current by subtracting
it from the measured current before converting the result to a dissolved oxygen value. New sensors require zero-
ing before being placed in service, and sensors should be zeroed whenever the electrolyte solution is replaced.
The recommended zero standard is 5% sodium sulfite in water, although oxygen-free nitrogen can also be used.
The Model 499A TrDO sensor, used for the determination of trace (ppb) oxygen levels, has very low resid-
ual current and does not normally require zeroing. The residual current in the 499A TrDO sensor is equivalent
to less than 0.5 ppb oxygen.
The purpose of the full-scale standard is to establish the slope of the calibration curve. Because the solubility of
atmospheric oxygen in water as a function of temperature and barometric pressure is well known, the natural
choice for a full-scale standard is air-saturated water. However, air-saturated water is difficult to prepare and use,
so the universal practice is to use air for calibration. From the point of view of the oxygen sensor, air and air-sat-
urated water are identical. The equivalence comes about because the sensor really measures the chemical poten-
tial of oxygen. Chemical potential is the force that causes oxygen molecules to diffuse from the sample into the
sensor where they can be measured. It is also the force that causes oxygen molecules in air to dissolve in water
and to continue to dissolve until the water is saturated with oxygen. Once the water is saturated, the chemical
potential of oxygen in the two phases (air and water) is the same.
Oxygen sensors generate a current directly proportional to the rate at which oxygen molecules diffuse through a
membrane stretched over the end of the sensor. The diffusion rate depends on the difference in chemical poten-
tial between oxygen in the sensor and oxygen in the sample. An electrochemical reaction, which destroys any oxy-
gen molecules entering the sensor, keeps the concentration (and the chemical potential) of oxygen inside the sen-
sor equal to zero. Therefore, the chemical potential of oxygen in the sample alone determines the diffusion rate
and the sensor current.
When the sensor is calibrated, the chemical potential of oxygen in the standard determines the sensor current.
Whether the sensor is calibrated in air or air-saturated water is immaterial. The chemical potential of oxygen is the
same in either phase. Normally, to make the calculation of solubility in common units (like ppm DO) simpler, it is
convenient to use water-saturated air for calibration.
Automatic air calibration is standard. The user simply exposes the sensor to water-saturated air. The transmitter
monitors the sensor current. When the current is stable, the transmitter stores the current and measures the tem-
perature using a temperature element inside the oxygen sensor. The user must enter the barometric pressure.
From the temperature the transmitter calculates the satu-
ration vapor pressure of water. Next, it calculates the pres-
sure of dry air by subtracting the vapor pressure from the
barometric pressure. Using the fact that dry air always con-
tains 20.95% oxygen, the transmitter calculates the partial
pressure of oxygen. Once the transmitter knows the partial
pressure of oxygen, it uses the Bunsen coefficient to cal-
culate the equilibrium solubility of atmospheric oxygen in
water at the prevailing temperature. At 25°C and 760 mm
Hg, the equilibrium solubility is 8.24 ppm.
Often it is too difficult or messy to remove the sensor from
the process liquid for calibration. In this case, the sensor
can be calibrated against a measurement made with a
portable laboratory instrument. The laboratory instrument
typically uses a membrane-covered amperometric sensor
that has been calibrated against water-saturated air. FIGURE 9-1. Sensor Current as a Function of
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
52
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 9.0
CALIBRATION — DISSOLVED OXYGEN
A new sensor or a sensor in which the electrolyte solution has been replaced may require several hours (occa-
sionally as long as overnight) to reach a minimum current. DO NOT START THE ZERO ROUTINE UNTIL THE
SENSOR HAS BEEN IN ZERO SOLUTION FOR AT LEAST TWO HOURS.
Calibrate Hold 2. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Live 200nA 5. The screen at left appears. The top line is the raw sensor current.
Zeroing Wait
Live 0.000ppm 6. Once the reading is stable, the screen at left appears. Sensor zero is
Sensor Zero Done complete and the transmitter has stored the zero current. The screen
remains until the operator presses MENU then EXIT to return to the
main display.
NOTE
Pressing ENTER during the zero step will cause the transmitter to
use the present sensor current as the zero current. If the sensor is
zeroed before the current has reach a minimum stable value, sub-
sequent readings will be in error.
Sensor Zero Fail 7. This screen appears if the zero current is extremely high. See Section
Current too high 17 for troubleshooting. To repeat the zero step, press EXIT and choose
Zero.
Possible ZeroErr 8. This screen appears if the zero current is moderately high. To continue,
Proceed? Yes No choose Yes. To repeat the zero step choose No. See Section 15 for trou-
bleshooting.
53
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 9.0
CALIBRATION — DISSOLVED OXYGEN
Calibrate Hold 4. Press MENU. The main menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Live 8.00ppm 9. The display changes to the screen shown at left. The live reading is the
AirCal Wait concentration of dissolved oxygen based on the previous calibration.
Wait flashes until the reading meets the stability criteria programmed in
step 12.
Live 8.00ppm 10. The screen at left appears once calibration is complete. The concentra-
Air Cal Done tion of oxygen in the display is the equilibrium solubility of atmsopheric
oxygen in water. The transmitter automatically calculates the solubility
from the measured temperature and the barometric pressure entered by
the user. The transmitter also assumes that the sensor is in water-satu-
rated air when the calibration is done. To return to the main display press
MENU then EXIT.
Air Cal Failure 11. This screen appears if the sensitivity (sensor current divided by concen-
Check sensor tration) is much higher or lower than expected. See Section 15 for trou-
bleshooting. To repeat the calibration step, choose No. To continue
choose Yes.
54
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 9.0
CALIBRATION — DISSOLVED OXYGEN
Air Stabilize 12. If you chose Setup in step 6, the screen at left appears. This screen and
Time: 10sec the following one let you change the stabilization criteria for air calibra-
tion. The transmitter will not complete an air calibration until the drift is
less than a certain amount in a specified period of time. The default
value is 0.02 ppm in 10 seconds.
Restart time if a. Enter the desired stabilization time.
Change > 0.02ppm b. Enter the minimum amount the reading is permitted to change in the
time specified in step 12a.
Salinity, parts/ 13. Enter the desired salinity in parts per thousand.
thousand? 00.0
55
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 9.0
CALIBRATION — DISSOLVED OXYGEN
Calibrate Hold 4. Press MENU. The main menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Stable? 10.00ppm 8. The screen at left appears. The number in the first line is the concentra-
Press enter. tion of dissolved oxygen based on the previous calibration. Wait until the
reading is stable, then press ENTER.
Take sample; 9. The screen at left appears. Press ENTER. The transmitter will store the
Press enter. present sensor current and temperature and use those values in the cal-
ibration.
Sample 10.00ppm 10. Use the arrow keys to change the value in the second line to match the
Cal 10.00ppm reading of the standard instrument. To return to the main display press
MENU then EXIT.
Calibration 11. This screen appears momentarily if the sensitivity (sensor current divid-
Error ed by concentration) is much higher or lower than expected. The display
then returns to the screen in step 5. See Section 15 for troubleshooting.
56
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 10.0
CALIBRATION - FREE CHLORINE
SECTION 10.0
CALIBRATION — FREE CHLORINE
10.1 INTRODUCTION
As Figure 10-1 shows, a free chlorine sensor generates a current directly proportional to the concentration of free
chlorine in the sample. Calibrating the sensor requires exposing it to a solution containing no chlorine (zero stan-
dard) and to a solution containing a known amount of chlorine (full-scale standard).
The zero standard is necessary because chlorine sensors, even when no chlorine is in the sample, generate a
small current called the residual current. The transmitter compensates for the residual current by subtracting it
from the measured current before converting the result to a chlorine value. New sensors require zeroing before
being placed in service, and sensors should be zeroed whenever the electrolyte solution is replaced. Either of the
following makes a good zero standard:
• Deionized water containing about 500 ppm sodium chloride. Dissolve 0.5 grams (1/8 teaspoonful) of table
salt in 1 liter of water. DO NOT USE DEIONIZED WATER ALONE FOR ZEROING THE SENSOR. THE
CONDUCTIVITY OF THE ZERO WATER MUST BE GREATER THAN 50 μS/cm.
• Tap water known to contain no chlorine. Expose tap water to bright sunlight for at least 24 hours.
The purpose of the full-scale standard is to establish the slope of the calibration curve. Because stable chlorine
standards do not exist, the sensor must be calibrated against a test run on a grab sample of the process liq-
uid. Several manufacturers offer portable test kits for this purpose. Observe the following precautions when tak-
ing and testing the grab sample.
• Take the grab sample from a point as close to the sensor as possible. Be sure that taking the sample does
not alter the flow of the sample to the sensor. It is best to install the sample tap just downstream from the
sensor.
• Chlorine solutions are unstable. Run the test immediately after taking the sample. Try to calibrate the sen-
sor when the chlorine concentration is at the upper end of the normal operating range.
Free chlorine measurements made with the 499ACL-01 sensor also require a pH correction. Free chlorine is the sum of
hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hyprochlorite ion (OCl-). The relative amount of each depends on the pH. As pH increas-
es, the concentration of HOCl decreases and the concentration of OCl- increases. Because the sensor responds only
to HOCl, a pH correction is necessary to properly convert the sensor current into a free chlorine reading.
The transmitter uses both automatic and manual pH correction. In automatic pH correction, the transmitter con-
tinuously monitors the pH of the solution and corrects the free chlorine reading for changes in pH. In manual pH
correction, the transmitter uses a fixed pH value entered by the user to make the correction. Generally, if the pH
changes more than about 0.2 units over short periods of time, automatic pH correction is best. If the pH is rela-
tively steady or subject only to seasonal changes, manual pH correction is adequate.
During calibration, the transmitter must know the pH of the sample. If the transmitter is using automatic pH cor-
rection, the pH sensor (properly calibrated) must be in the process liquid before starting the calibration. If the
transmitter is using manual pH correction, be sure to enter the pH value before starting the calibration.
The Model 499ACL-01 free chlo-
rine sensor loses sensitivity at high
concentrations of chlorine. The
Model Xmt-A-HT has a dual slope
feature that allows the user to
compensate for the non-linearity of
the sensor. However, for the vast
majority of applications, dual slope
calibration is unnecessary.
57
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 10.0
CALIBRATION - FREE CHLORINE
Calibrate Hold 2. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Live 200nA 5. The screen at left appears. The top line is the raw sensor current.
Zeroing Wait
Live 0.000ppm 6. Once the reading is stable, the screen at left appears. Sensor zero is
Sensor Zero Done complete and the transmitter has stored the zero current. The screen
remains until the operator presses MENU then EXIT to return to the
main display.
NOTE
Pressing ENTER during the zero step will cause the transmitter to
use the present sensor current as the zero current. If the sensor is
zeroed before the current has reach a minimum stable value, sub-
sequent readings will be in error.
Sensor Zero Fail 7. This screen appears if the zero current is extremely high. See Section
Current too high 17 for troubleshooting. To repeat the zero step, press EXIT and choose
Zero.
Possible ZeroErr 8. This screen appears if the zero current is moderately high. To continue,
Proceed? Yes No choose Yes. To repeat the zero step, choose No. See Section 15 for
troubleshooting.
58
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 10.0
CALIBRATION - FREE CHLORINE
Calibrate Hold 3. Press MENU. The main menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Stable? 1.00ppm 7. The screen at left appears. The number in the first line is the concen-
Press enter. tration of chlorine based on the previous calibration. Wait until the read-
ing is stable, then press ENTER.
Take sample; 8. The screen at left appears. Take a grab sample of the process liquid
Press enter. and immediately press ENTER. The transmitter will store the present
sensor current and temperature and use those values in the calibration.
Sample 1.00ppm 10. Use the arrow keys to change the value in the second line to match the
Cal 1.00ppm results of the laboratory test. To return to the main display press MENU
then EXIT.
Calibration
11. This screen appears momentarily if the sensitivity (sensor current divid-
Error ed by concentration) is much higher or lower than expected. The dis-
play then returns to the screen in step 5. See Section 15 for trou-
bleshooting.
59
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 10.0
CALIBRATION - FREE CHLORINE
Calibrate Hold 3. Press MENU. The main menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Live 200nA 6. The screen at left appears. The top line is the raw sensor current.
Zeroing Wait
Live 0.000ppm 7. Once the reading is stable, the screen at left appears. Sensor zero is
Sensor Zero Done complete and the transmitter has stored the zero current. The display
returns to the screen in step 5.
NOTE
Pressing ENTER during the zero step will cause the transmitter to
use the present sensor current as the zero current. If the sensor is
zeroed before the current has reach a minimum stable value, sub-
sequent readings will be in error.
Sensor Zero Fail 8. This screen appears if the zero current is extremely high. See Section
Current too high 15 for troubleshooting. To repeat the zero step, press EXIT and choose
Zero.
60
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 10.0
CALIBRATION - FREE CHLORINE
Possible ZeroErr 9. This screen appears if the zero current is moderately high. To continue,
Proceed? Yes No choose Yes. To repeat the zero step, choose No. See Section 15 for
troubleshooting.
10. If the sensor was just zeroed, place it in the process liquid. If automat-
ic pH correction is being used, calibrate the pH sensor (see Section 14)
and place it in the process liquid. If manual pH correction is being used,
measure the pH of the process liquid and enter the value (See Section
7.4). Adjust the sample flow until it is within the range recommended for
the chlorine sensor. Refer to the sensor instruction sheet.
11. Adjust the chlorine concentration until it is near the upper end of the lin-
ear range, point C1 in Figure 10-2. Wait until the transmitter reading is
stable before starting the calibration.
Wait for 13. The screen at left appears for two seconds.
Stable reading.
Stable? 6.00ppm 14. The screen at left appears. The number in the first line is the concen-
Press enter. tration of chlorine based on the previous calibration. Wait until the read-
ing is stable, then press ENTER.
Take sample; 15. The screen at left appears. Take a grab sample of the process liquid
Press enter. and immediately press ENTER. The transmitter will store the present
sensor current and temperature and use those values in the calibration.
Sample 6.00ppm 17. Use the arrow keys to change the value in the second line to match the
Cal 6.00ppm results of the laboratory test.
Calibration 18. This screen appears momentarily if the sensitivity (sensor current divid-
Error ed by concentration) is much higher or lower than expected. The dis-
play then returns to the screen in step 5. See Section 15 for trou-
bleshooting.
19. Adjust the concentration of chlorine in the sample until it is near the
upper end of the control range (point C2 in Figure 10.2)
61
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 11.0
CALIBRATION - TOTAL CHLORINE
SECTION 11.0
CALIBRATION — TOTAL CHLORINE
11.1 INTRODUCTION
Total chlorine is the sum of free and combined chlorine. The continuous determination of total chlorine requires two
steps. See Figure 11-1. First, the sample flows into a conditioning system (SCS 921A) where a pump continuous-
ly adds acetic acid and potassium iodide to the sample. The acid lowers the pH, which allows total chlorine in the
sample to quantitatively oxidize the iodide in the reagent to iodine. In the second step, the treated sample flows to
the sensor. The sensor is a membrane-covered amperometric sensor, whose output is proportional to the con-
centration of iodine. Because the concentration of iodine is proportional to the concentration of total chlorine, the
transmitter can be calibrated to read total chlorine.
Figure 11-2 shows a typical calibration curve for a total chlorine sensor. Because the sensor really measures
iodine, calibrating the sensor requires exposing it to a solution containing no iodine (zero standard) and to a solu-
tion containing a known amount of iodine (full-scale standard).
The zero standard is necessary because the sensor, even when no iodine is present, generates a small current
called the residual current. The transmitter compensates for the residual current by subtracting it from the meas-
ured current before converting the result to a total chlorine value. New sensors require zeroing before being
placed in service, and sensors should be zeroed whenever the electrolyte solution is replaced. The best zero stan-
dard is sample without reagent added.
The purpose of the full-scale standard is to
establish the slope of the calibration curve.
Because stable total chlorine standards do not
exist, the sensor must be calibrated against
a test run on a grab sample of the process
liquid. Several manufacturers offer portable
test kits for this purpose. Observe the following
precautions when taking and testing the grab
sample.
• Take the grab sample from a point as close
as possible to the inlet of the SCS921 sam-
ple conditioning system. Be sure that taking
the sample does not alter the flow through
the SCS921A. FIGURE 11-1. Determination of Total Chlorine
• Chlorine solutions are unstable. Run the
test immediately after taking the sample.
Try to calibrate the sensor when the chlo-
rine concentration is at the upper end of
the normal operating range.
The Model 499ACL-02 (total chlorine) sensor
loses sensitivity at high concentrations of chlo-
rine. The Model Xmt-A-HT has a dual slope
feature that allows the user to compensate for
the non-linearity of the sensor. However, for
the vast majority of applications, dual slope
calibration is unnecessary.
62
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 11.0
CALIBRATION - TOTAL CHLORINE
Calibrate Hold 4. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Live 200nA 7. The screen at left appears. The top line is the raw sensor current.
Zeroing Wait
Live 0.000ppm 8. Once the reading is stable, the screen at left appears. Sensor zero is
Sensor Zero Done complete and the transmitter has stored the zero current. The screen
remains until the operator presses MENU then EXIT to return to the
main display.
NOTE
Pressing ENTER during the zero step will cause the transmitter to
use the present sensor current as the zero current. If the sensor is
zeroed before the current has reach a minimum stable value, sub-
sequent readings will be in error.
Sensor Zero Fail 9. This screen appears if the zero current is extremely high. See Section
Current too high 17 for troubleshooting. To repeat the zero step, press EXIT and choose
Zero.
Possible ZeroErr 10. This screen appears if the zero current is moderately high. To continue,
Proceed? Yes No choose Yes. To repeat the zero step, choose No. See Section 15 for
troubleshooting.
63
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 11.0
CALIBRATION - TOTAL CHLORINE
Calibrate Hold 3. Press MENU. The main menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Stable? 1.00ppm 7. The screen at left appears. The number in the first line is the concen-
Press enter. tration of chlorine based on the previous calibration. Wait until the read-
ing is stable, then press ENTER.
Take sample; 8. The screen at left appears. Take a grab sample of the process liquid
Press enter. and immediately press ENTER. The transmitter will store the present
sensor current and temperature and use those values in the calibration.
Sample 1.00ppm 10. Use the arrow keys to change the value in the second line to match the
Cal 1.00ppm results of the laboratory test. To return to the main display press MENU
then EXIT.
Calibration
11. This screen appears momentarily if the sensitivity (sensor current divid-
Error ed by concentration) is much higher or lower than expected. The dis-
play then returns to the screen in step 5. See Section 15 for trou-
bleshooting.
64
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 11.0
CALIBRATION - TOTAL CHLORINE
Calibrate Hold 3. Press MENU. The main menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Live 200nA 6. The screen at left appears. The top line is the raw sensor current.
Zeroing Wait
Live 0.000ppm 7. Once the reading is stable, the screen at left appears. Sensor zero is
Sensor Zero Done complete and the transmitter has stored the zero current. The display
returns to the screen in step 6.
NOTE
Pressing ENTER during the zero step will cause the transmitter to
use the present sensor current as the zero current. If the sensor is
zeroed before the current has reach a minimum stable value, sub-
sequent readings will be in error.
Sensor Zero Fail 8. This screen appears if the zero current is extremely high. See Section
Current too high 15 for troubleshooting. To repeat the zero step, press EXIT and choose
Zero.
65
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 11.0
CALIBRATION - TOTAL CHLORINE
Possible ZeroErr 9. This screen appears if the zero current is moderately high. To continue,
Proceed? Yes No choose Yes. To repeat the zero step, choose No. See Section 15 for
troubleshooting.
10. If the sensor was just zeroed, place the reagent uptake tube back in the
reagent bottle. Once the flow of reagent starts, it takes about one
minute for the sensor current to begin to increase. It may take an hour
or longer for the reading to stabilize. Be sure the sample flow stays
between 80 and 100 mL/min and the pressure is between 3 and 5 psig.
11. Adjust the chlorine concentration until it is near the upper end of the lin-
ear range, point C1 in Figure 11-2. Wait until the transmitter reading is
stable before starting the calibration.
Wait for 13. The screen at left appears for two seconds.
Stable reading.
Stable? 6.00ppm 14. The screen at left appears. The number in the first line is the concen-
Press enter. tration of chlorine based on the previous calibration. Wait until the read-
ing is stable, then press ENTER.
Take sample; 15. The screen at left appears. Take a grab sample of the process liquid
and immediately press ENTER. The transmitter will store the present
Press enter.
sensor current and temperature and use those values in the calibration.
Sample 6.00ppm 17. Use the arrow keys to change the value in the second line to match the
Cal 6.00ppm results of the laboratory test.
Calibration 18. This screen appears momentarily if the sensitivity (sensor current divid-
ed by concentration) is much higher or lower than expected. The dis-
Error
play then returns to the screen in step 5. See Section 15 for trou-
bleshooting.
19. Adjust the concentration of chlorine in the sample until it is near the
upper end of the control range (point C2 in Figure 10.2)
66
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 12.0
CALIBRATION - MONOCHLORAMINE
SECTION 12.0
CALIBRATION - MONOCHLORAMINE
12.1 INTRODUCTION
As Figure 12-1 shows, a monochloramine sensor generates a current directly proportional to the concentration of
monochloramine in the sample. Calibrating the sensor requires exposing it to a solution containing no monochlo-
ramine (zero standard) and to a solution containing a known amount of monochloramine (full-scale standard).
The zero standard is necessary because monochloramine sensors, even when no monochloramine is in the
sample, generate a small current called the residual or zero current. The transmitter compensates for the resid-
ual current by subtracting it from the measured current before converting the result to a monochloramine value.
New sensors require zeroing before being placed in service, and sensors should be zeroed whenever the elec-
trolyte solution is replaced. The best zero standard is deionized water.
The purpose of the full-scale standard is to establish the slope of the calibration curve. Because stable mono-
chloramine standards do not exist, the sensor must be calibrated against a test run on a grab sample of the
process liquid. Several manufacturers offer portable test kits for this purpose. Observe the following precautions
when taking and testing the grab sample.
• Take the grab sample from a point as close to the sensor as possible. Be sure that taking the sample does not
alter the flow of the sample to the sensor. It is best to install the sample tap just downstream from the sensor.
• Monochloramine solutions are unstable. Run the test immediately after taking the sample. Try to calibrate
the sensor when the monochloramine concentration is at the upper end of the normal operating range.
67
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 12.0
CALIBRATION - MONOCHLORAMINE
Calibrate Hold 2. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Live 200nA 5. The screen at left appears. The top line is the raw sensor current.
Zeroing Wait
Live 0.000ppm 6. Once the reading is stable, the screen at left appears. Sensor zero is
Sensor Zero Done complete and the transmitter has stored the zero current. The screen
remains until the operator presses MENU then EXIT to return to the
main display.
NOTE
Pressing ENTER during the zero step will cause the transmitter to
use the present sensor current as the zero current. If the sensor is
zeroed before the current has reach a minimum stable value, sub-
sequent readings will be in error.
Sensor Zero Fail 7. This screen appears if the zero current is extremely high. See Section
Current too high 15 for troubleshooting. To repeat the zero step, press EXIT and choose
Zero.
Possible ZeroErr 8. This screen appears if the zero current is moderately high. To continue,
Proceed? Yes No choose Yes. To repeat the zero step, choose No. See Section 15 for
troubleshooting.
68
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 12.0
CALIBRATION - MONOCHLORAMINE
Calibrate Hold 3. Press MENU. The main menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Stable? 1.00ppm 7. The screen at left appears. The number in the first line is the concen-
Press enter. tration of chlorine based on the previous calibration. Wait until the read-
ing is stable, then press ENTER.
Take sample; 8. The screen at left appears. Take a grab sample of the process liquid
Press enter. and immediately press ENTER. The transmitter will store the present
sensor current and temperature and use those values in the calibration.
Sample 1.00ppm 10. Use the arrow keys to change the value in the second line to match the
Cal 1.00ppm
results of the laboratory test. To return to the main display press MENU
then EXIT.
Calibration 11. This screen appears momentarily if the sensitivity (sensor current divid-
Error ed by concentration) is much higher or lower than expected. The dis-
play then returns to the screen in step 5. See Section 15 for trou-
bleshooting.
69
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 13.0
CALIBRATION - OZONE
SECTION 13.0
CALIBRATION — OZONE
13.1 INTRODUCTION
As Figure 13-1 shows, an ozone sensor generates a current directly proportional to the concentration of ozone in
the sample. Calibrating the sensor requires exposing it to a solution containing no ozone (zero standard) and to a
solution containing a known amount of ozone (full-scale standard).
The zero standard is necessary because ozone sensors, even when no ozone is in the sample, generate a small
current called the residual or zero current. The transmitter compensates for the residual current by subtracting it
from the measured current before converting the result to an ozone value. New sensors require zeroing before
being placed in service, and sensors should be zeroed whenever the electrolyte solution is replaced. The best zero
standard is deionized water.
The purpose of the full-scale standard is to establish the slope of the calibration curve. Because stable ozone stan-
dards do not exist, the sensor must be calibrated against a test run on a grab sample of the process liquid.
Several manufacturers offer portable test kits for this purpose. Observe the following precautions when taking and
testing the grab sample.
• Take the grab sample from a point as close to the sensor as possible. Be sure that taking the sample does not
alter the flow of the sample to the sensor. It is best to install the sample tap just downstream from the sensor.
• Ozone solutions are unstable. Run the test immediately after taking the sample. Try to calibrate the sensor
when the ozone concentration is at the upper end of the normal operating range.
70
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 13.0
CALIBRATION - OZONE
Calibrate Hold 2. Press MENU. The menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Live 200nA 5. The screen at left appears. The top line is the raw sensor current.
Zeroing Wait
Live 0.000ppm 6. Once the reading is stable, the screen at left appears. Sensor zero is
Sensor Zero Done complete and the transmitter has stored the zero current. The screen
remains until the operator presses MENU then EXIT to return to the
main display.
NOTE
Pressing ENTER during the zero step will cause the transmitter to
use the present sensor current as the zero current. If the sensor is
zeroed before the current has reach a minimum stable value, sub-
sequent readings will be in error.
Sensor Zero Fail 7. This screen appears if the zero current is extremely high. See Section
Current too high 15 for troubleshooting. To repeat the zero step, press EXIT and choose
Zero.
Possible ZeroErr 8. This screen appears if the zero current is moderately high. To continue,
Proceed? Yes No choose Yes. To repeat the zero step, choose No. See Section 15 for
troubleshooting.
71
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 13.0
CALIBRATION - OZONE
Calibrate Hold 3. Press MENU. The main menu screen appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Stable? 1.00ppm 7. The screen at left appears. The number in the first line is the concen-
Press enter. tration of chlorine based on the previous calibration. Wait until the read-
ing is stable, then press ENTER.
Take sample; 8. The screen at left appears. Take a grab sample of the process liquid
Press enter. and immediately press ENTER. The transmitter will store the present
sensor current and temperature and use those values in the calibration.
Sample 1.00ppm 10. Use the arrow keys to change the value in the second line to match the
Cal 1.00ppm
results of the laboratory test. To return to the main display press MENU
then EXIT.
Calibration 11. This screen appears momentarily if the sensitivity (sensor current divid-
Error ed by concentration) is much higher or lower than expected. The dis-
play then returns to the screen in step 5. See Section 15 for trou-
bleshooting.
72
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 14.0
CALIBRATION - pH
SECTION 14.0
CALIBRATION — pH
14.1 INTRODUCTION
A new pH sensor must be calibrated before use. Regular recalibration is also necessary.
A pH measurement cell (pH sensor and the solution to be measured) can be pictured as a battery with an extreme-
ly high internal resistance. The voltage of the battery depends on the pH of the solution. The pH meter, which is
basically a voltmeter with a very high input impedance, measures the cell voltage and calculates pH using a con-
version factor. The actual value of the voltage-to-pH conversion factor depends on the sensitivity of the pH sens-
ing element (and the temperature). The sensing element is a thin, glass membrane at the end of the sensor. As
the glass membrane ages, the sensitivity drops. Regular recalibration corrects for the loss of sensitivity. pH cali-
bration standards, also called buffers, are readily available.
Two-point calibration is standard. Both automatic calibration and manual calibration are available. Auto calibration
avoids common pitfalls and reduces errors. Its use is recommended.
In automatic calibration the transmitter recognizes the buffer and uses temperature-corrected pH values in the cal-
ibration. The table below lists the standard buffers the controller recognizes. The controller also recognizes sever-
al technical buffers: Merck, Ingold, and DIN 19267. Temperature-pH data stored in the controller are valid between
at least 0 and 60°C.
73
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 14.0
CALIBRATION - pH
Calibrate Hold 3. Press MENU. The main menu appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
8. Rinse the sensor with water and place it in buffer 1. Be sure the glass
bulb and the reference junction are completely submerged. Swirl the
sensor.
Live 7.00pH 9. The screen at left is displayed with “Wait” flashing until the reading is
AutoBuf1 Wait
stable. The default stability setting is <0.02 pH change in 10 sec. To
change the stability criteria, go to step 19. When the reading is stable,
the screen in step 10 appears.
Live 7.00pH 10. The top line shows the actual reading. The transmitter also identifies the
AutoBuf1 7.01pH buffer and displays the nominal buffer value (buffer pH at 25°C). If the
displayed value is not correct, press é or ê to display the correct
value. The nominal value will change, for example from 7.01 to 6.86 pH.
Press ENTER to store.
AutoCal? Setup 12. The screen at left appears. Remove the sensor from Buffer 1, rinse it
Buffer1 Buffer2
with water, and place it in Buffer 2. Be sure the glass bulb and the ref-
erence junction are completely submerged. Swirl the sensor. Choose
Buffer2.
Live 10.01pH 13. The screen at left is displayed with “Wait” flashing until the reading is
AutoBuf2 Wait stable. When the reading is stable, the screen in step 14 appears.
74
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 14.0
CALIBRATION - pH
Live 10.01pH 14. The top line shows the actual reading. The transmitter also identifies the
AutoBuf2 10.01pH buffer and displays the nominal buffer value (buffer pH at 25°C). If the
displayed value is not correct, press é or ê to display the correct
value. The nominal value will change, for example from 7.01 to 6.86 pH.
Press ENTER to store.
Offset 0mV 16. If the calibration was successful, the transmitter will display the offset
Slope 59.16@25°C and slope (at 25°). The display will return to the screen in step 6.
Calibration 17. If the slope is out of range (less than 45 mV/pH or greater than 60
Error mV/pH) or if the offset exceeds the value programmed in Section 7.4, an
error screen appears. The display then returns to the screen in step 6.
19. Choosing Setup in step 7 causes the Buffer Stabilize screen to appear.
The transmitter will not accept calibration data until the pH reading is
stable. The default requirement is a pH change less than 0.02 units in
Buffer Stabilize 10 seconds. To change the stability criteria:
Time: 10sec a. Enter the desired stabilization time
Restart time if b. Enter the minimum amount the reading is permitted to change in
change > 0.02pH the time specified in step 19a.
75
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 14.0
CALIBRATION - pH
Calibrate Hold 3. Press MENU. The main menu appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
8. Rinse the sensor with water and place it in buffer 1. Be sure the glass
bulb and reference junction are completely submerged. Swirl the sensor.
Live 7.00pH 9. The reading in the top line is the live pH reading. Wait until the live read-
Buf1 07.00pH ing is stable. Then, use the arrow keys to change the reading in the sec-
ond line to the match the pH value of the buffer. The pH of buffer solu-
tions is a function of temperature. Be sure to enter the pH of the buffer
at the actual temperature of the buffer.
ManualCal? 10. Remove the sensor from buffer 1 and rinse it with water. Place it in
Buffer1 Buffer2 buffer 2. Be sure the glass bulb and the reference junction are com-
pletely submerged. Swirl the sensor. Choose Buffer2.
Live 10.01pH 11. The reading in the top line is the live pH reading. Wait until the live read-
Buf1 10.01pH ing is stable. Then, use the arrow keys to change the reading in the sec-
ond line to the match the pH value of the buffer. The pH of buffer solu-
tions is a function of temperature. Be sure to enter the pH of the buffer
at the actual temperature of the buffer.
Offset 0mV 13. If the calibration was successful, the transmitter will display the offset
Slope 59.16@25°C
and slope (at 25°). The display will return to the screen in step 5.
Calibration 14. If the slope is out of range (less than 45 mV/pH or greater than 60
Error mV/pH) or if the offset exceeds the value programmed in Section 7.4, an
error screen appears. The display then returns to the screen in step 6.
76
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 14.0
CALIBRATION - pH
Calibrate Hold 7. Press MENU. The main menu appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
Live 7.01pH 10. The top line shows the present reading. Use the arrow keys to change
Cal 07.01pH the pH reading in the second line to match the pH reading from the ref-
eree instrument.
Calibration 11. The screen at left appears if the entered pH was greater than 14.00 or
Error if the mV offset calculated by the transmitter during standardization
exceeds the reference offset limit programmed into the transmitter. The
display then returns to step 10. Repeat the standardization. To change
the reference offset from the default value (60 mV), see section 7.4.
77
MODEL XMT-A-HT SECTION 14.0
CALIBRATION - pH
298
slope at 25°C = (slope at t°C)
t°C + 273
Changing the slope overrides the slope determined from the previous buffer calibration.
Calibrate Hold 2. Press MENU. The main menu appears. Choose Calibrate.
Program Display
pH Slope @25°C? 6. Change the slope to the desired value. Press ENTER.
59.16mV/pH
Invalid Input! 7. The slope must be between 45 and 60 mV/pH. If the value entered is
Min: 45.00mV/pH outside this range, the screen at left appears.
78
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
15.1 OVERVIEW
The Xmt-A-HT transmitter continuously monitors itself and the sensor for problems. If the transmitter detects a
problem, the word "fault" or "warn" appears in the main display alternating with the measurement.
A fault condition means the measurement is seriously in error and is not to be trusted. A fault condition might also
mean that the transmitter has failed. Fault conditions must be corrected immediately. When a fault occurs the out-
put goes to 22.00 mA or the to value programmed in Section 7.3. The output can also be programmed to reflect
the live measurement.
A warning means that the instrument is usable, but steps should be taken as soon as possible to correct the con-
dition causing the warning.
See Section 15.2 for an explanation of fault and warning messages and suggested corrective actions.
The Xmt-A-HT also displays error and warning messages if a calibration is seriously in error. Refer to the section
below for assistance. Each section also contains hints for correcting other measurement and calibration problems.
Measurement Section
Temperature 15.3
Dissolved oxygen 15.4
Free chlorine 15.5
Total chlorine 15.6
Monochloramine 15.7
Ozone 15.8 For troubleshooting not related to measurement problems, see
pH 15.9 Section 15.10.
NOTE
A large number of information screens are available to aid troubleshooting. The most useful of these are
raw sensor current and sensitivity and zero current at last calibration. For pH measurements (available
with free chlorine only), sensor slope and offset and glass impedance are also available. To view the
information screens, go to the main display and press the ê key.
79
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
80
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
3. If the transmitter does not respond to simulate signals, call the factory for assistance.
81
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
82
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
83
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
15.4.3 Sensor can be calibrated, but current in air is too high or too low
A. Is the sensor properly wired to the analyzer? See Section 3.0. Verify that all connections are tight.
B. Is the membrane dry? The membrane must be dry during air calibration. A droplet of water on the membrane
during air calibration will lower the sensor current and cause an inaccurate calibration.
C. If the sensor current in air is very low and the sensor is new, either the electrolyte flow has stopped or the mem-
brane is torn or loose. For instructions on how to restart electrolyte flow see Section 15.4.2 or refer to the sen-
sor instruction manual. To replace a torn membrane, refer to the sensor instruction manual.
D. Is the temperature low? Sensor current is a strong function of temperature. The sensor current decreases
about 3% for every °C drop in temperature.
E. Is the membrane fouled or coated? A dirty membrane inhibits diffusion of oxygen through the membrane,
reducing the sensor current. Clean the membrane by rinsing it with a stream of water from a wash bottle or by
gently wiping the membrane with a soft tissue. If cleaning the membrane does not improve the sensor
response, replace the membrane and electrolyte solution. If necessary, polish the cathode. See the sensor
instruction sheet for more information.
84
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
85
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
86
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 14.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
87
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
88
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
89
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
TROUBLESHOOTING
90
MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 15.0
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G. Is the transmitter faulty? The best way to check for a faulty transmitter is to simulate pH inputs. See Section
15.13.
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TROUBLESHOOTING
15.9.5 Calibration was successful, but process pH is slightly different from expected value.
Differences between pH readings made with an on-line instrument and a laboratory or portable instrument are nor-
mal. The on-line instrument is subject to process variables, for example ground potentials, stray voltages, and ori-
entation effects that may not affect the laboratory or portable instrument. To make the process reading agree with
a reference instrument, see Section 14.4.
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15.9.6 Calibration was successful, but process pH is grossly wrong and/or noisy.
Grossly wrong or noisy readings suggest a ground loop (measurement system connected to earth ground at more
than one point), a floating system (no earth ground), or noise being brought into the analyzer by the sensor cable.
The problem arises from the process or installation. It is not a fault of the analyzer. The problem should disappear
once the sensor is taken out of the system. Check the following:
A. Is a ground loop present?
1. Verify that the system works properly in buffers. Be sure there is no direct electrical connection between
the buffer containers and the process liquid or piping.
2. Strip back the ends of a heavy gauge wire. Connect one end of the wire to the process piping or place it
in the process liquid. Place the other end of the wire in the container of buffer with the sensor. The wire
makes an electrical connection between the process and sensor.
3. If offsets and noise appear after making the connection, a ground loop exists.
B. Is the process grounded?
1. The measurement system needs one path to ground: through the process liquid and piping. Plastic pip-
ing, fiberglass tanks, and ungrounded or poorly grounded vessels do not provide a path. A floating system
can pick up stray voltages from other electrical equipment.
2. Ground the piping or tank to a local earth ground.
3. If noise still persists, simple grounding is not the problem. Noise is probably being carried into the instru-
ment through the sensor wiring.
C. Simplify the sensor wiring.
1. First, verify that pH sensor wiring is correct. Note that it is not necessary to jumper the solution ground and
reference terminals.
2. Disconnect all sensor wires at the analyzer except pH/mV IN, REFERENCE IN, RTD IN and RTD
RETURN. See the wiring diagrams in Section 3.0. If the sensor is wired to the analyzer through a remote
junction box containing a preamplifier, disconnect the wires at the sensor side of the junction box.
3. Tape back the ends of the disconnected wires to keep them from making accidental connections with other
wires or terminals.
4. Connect a jumper wire between the RTD RETURN and RTD SENSE terminals (see wiring diagrams in
Section 3.0).
5. If noise and/or offsets disappear, the interference was coming into the analyzer through one of the sensor
wires. The system can be operated permanently with the simplified wiring.
D. Check for extra ground connections or induced noise.
1. If the sensor cable is run inside conduit, there may be a short between the cable and the conduit. Re-run
the cable outside the conduit. If symptoms disappear, there is a short between the cable and the conduit.
Likely a shield is exposed and touching the conduit. Repair the cable and reinstall it in the conduit.
2. To avoid induced noise in the sensor cable, run it as far away as possible from power cables, relays, and
electric motors. Keep sensor wiring out of crowded panels and cable trays.
3. If ground loops persist, consult the factory. A visit from a technician may be required to solve the problem.
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TROUBLESHOOTING
Problem Action
Incorrect current output 1. Verify that output load is within the values shown in
Figure 2.5.
2. For minor errors, trim the output (see Section 7.3.6)
Display too light or too dark Change contrast (see Section 7.10)
“Enter Security Code” shown in display Transmitter has password protection
(see Sections 5.4 and 7.6)
“Hold” showing in display Transmitter is in hold (see Section 5.5)
“Current Output for Test:” showing in display Transmitter is simulating outputs (see Section 7.3.5)
C. Note the sensor current. To view the sensor current from the
main display, press ê until the Input Current screen
appears. Note the units: μA is microamps, nA is nanoamps.
D. Change the decade box resistance and verify that the cor-
rect current is shown. Calculate current from the equation:
voltage (mV)
current (μA) =
resistance (kΩ)
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MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 16.0
MAINTENANCE
SECTION 16.0
MAINTENANCE
16.1 OVERVIEW
The Solu Comp Xmt needs little routine maintenance. The calibration of the analyzer and sensor should be
checked periodically. To recalibrate the sensor and analyzer, refer to sections 9 through 14.
TABLE 16-1. REPLACEMENT PARTS FOR SOLU COMP XMT (PANEL MOUNT VERSION)
TABLE 16-2. REPLACEMENT PARTS FOR SOLU COMP XMT (PIPE/SURFACE MOUNT VERSION)
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MODEL Xmt-A-HT SECTION 17.0
RETURN OF MATERIAL
SECTION 17.0
RETURN OF MATERIAL
17.1 GENERAL.
To expedite the repair and return of instruments, proper communication between the customer and the factory is
important. Before returning a product for repair, call 1-949-757-8500 for a Return Materials Authorization (RMA)
number.
2. Supply the purchase order number, and make sure to provide the name and telephone number of the individ-
ual to be contacted should additional information be needed.
3. Do Steps 3 and 4 of Section 17.2.
NOTE
Consult the factory for additional information regarding service or repair.
103
MODEL Xmt-A-HT APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A
BAROMETRIC PRESSURE AS A FUNCTION OF ALTITUDE
The table shows how barometric pressure changes with altitude. Pressure values do not take into account
humidity and weather fronts.
104
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Singapore 0512 T 713.467.6000
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Phone: 65.777.8211
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EUROPE EPM Building
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T 41.41.768.6111 F 971.4.8835312
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WARRANTY
Goods and part(s) (excluding consumables) manufactured by Seller are warranted to be free from defects in workman-
ship and material under normal use and service for a period of twelve (12) months from the date of shipment by Seller.
Consumables, pH electrodes, membranes, liquid junctions, electrolyte, O-rings, etc. are warranted to be free from defects
in workmanship and material under normal use and service for a period of ninety (90) days from date of shipment by Seller.
Goods, part(s) and consumables proven by Seller to be defective in workmanship and / or material shall be replaced or
repaired, free of charge, F.O.B. Seller's factory provided that the goods, parts(s), or consumables are returned to Seller's
designated factory, transportation charges prepaid, within the twelve (12) month period of warranty in the case of goods
and part(s), and in the case of consumables, within the ninety (90) day period of warranty. This warranty shall be in effect
for replacement or repaired goods, part(s) and consumables for the remaining portion of the period of the twelve (12)
month warranty in the case of goods and part(s) and the remaining portion of the ninety (90) day warranty in the case of
consumables. A defect in goods, part(s) and consumables of the commercial unit shall not operate to condemn such com-
mercial unit when such goods, parts(s) or consumables are capable of being renewed, repaired or replaced.
The Seller shall not be liable to the Buyer, or to any other person, for the loss or damage, directly or indirectly, arising
from the use of the equipment or goods, from breach of any warranty or from any other cause. All other warranties,
expressed or implied are hereby excluded.
IN CONSIDERATION OF THE STATED PURCHASE PRICE OF THE GOODS, SELLER GRANTS ONLY THE ABOVE
STATED EXPRESS WARRANTY. NO OTHER WARRANTIES ARE GRANTED INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
EXPRESS AND IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
RETURN OF MATERIAL
Material returned for repair, whether in or out of warranty, should be shipped prepaid to:
The returned material should be accompanied by a letter of transmittal which should include the following information
(make a copy of the "Return of Materials Request" found on the last page of the Manual and provide the following there-
on):
Adherence to these procedures will expedite handling of the returned material and will prevent unnecessary additional
charges for inspection and testing to determine the problem with the device.
If the material is returned for out-of-warranty repairs, a purchase order for repairs should be enclosed.
106
Certifications
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ON-LINE ORDERING NOW AVAILABLE ON OUR WEB SITE
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108