Art. 51.

In said _________, the value of the presumptive legitimes of (1) ___________ physical violence or _________ abusive (3) Where there is _____________ between the parties in the
all common children, ___________ as of the ________ of the final ___________ directed against the petitioner, a common child, or commission of the offense or act ____________ the ground
judgment of the trial court, shall be ___________ in cash, _________ a child of the petitioner; for legal _____________;
or ________ __________, unless the parties, by mutual ___________
___________ approved, had already provided for such (2) Physical violence or __________ pressure to __________ (4) Where ______ parties have given ground for legal
____________. the _________ to change religious or political ___________; _____________;

The __________ or their __________ or the __________ of their (3) __________ of _____________ to _________ or _________ (5) Where there is ____________ between the parties to
property may ask for the enforcement of the judgment. the petitioner, a common child, or a child of the petitioner, to obtain __________ of legal _____________; or
_________ in __________, or ___________ in such corruption
The ___________ of the presumptive legitimes herein ___________ or inducement; (6) Where the _____________ is _________ by
shall in no way prejudice the ___________ _____________ rights of ___________. (100a)
the children ___________ upon the _______ of either of both of the (4) Final judgment ___________ the ___________ to
parents; but the ________ of the properties already __________ under ___________ of more than ____ years, even if pardoned; Art. 57. An __________ for legal _____________ shall be filed
the __________ of annulment or ___________ nullity shall be within _________ years from the time of the _____________ of the
considered as _____________ on their legitime. (n) (5) Drug addiction or ___________ alcoholism of the cause. (102)
___________;
Art. 52. The ___________ of annulment or of ___________ nullity of Art. 58. An ___________ for legal _____________ shall in no case be
the marriage, the _________ and ___________ of the properties of the (6) Lesbianism or homosexuality of the _____________; _______ before six months shall have _______ since the filing of the
spouses and the ___________ of the ___________ presumptive petition. (103)
legitimes shall be __________ in the ___________ civil registry and (7) ____________ by the ___________ of a subsequent
___________ of property; otherwise, the same shall not affect third ___________ marriage, whether in the Philippines or ________; Art. 59. No legal _____________ may be _________ unless the
persons. (n) ________ has taken steps toward the ___________ of the spouses and
(8) Sexual ___________ or ___________ ; is fully ___________, despite such efforts, that _______________is
Art. 53. Either of the ________ spouses may ________ again after highly ___________. (n)
_____________ with the requirements of the immediately preceding
(9) ___________ by the _____________ against the life of the
Article; otherwise, the ___________ marriage shall be null and Art. 60. No __________ of legal _____________ shall be _________
___________; or
_____ . upon a ___________ of facts or a ___________ of judgment.
(10) ___________ of petitioner by _____________ without
Art. 54. Children ___________ or born before the judgment of In any case, the Court shall _________ the prosecuting attorney or
___________ cause for more than _____ year.
annulment or ___________ nullity of the marriage under Article 36 fiscal __________ to it to take steps to prevent _____________
has become final and ___________ shall be considered ___________. between the parties and to take care that the evidence is not
For purposes of this Article, the term "_______" shall include a
Children conceived or born of the subsequent marriage under Article ___________ or ___________. (101a)
_______ by _________ or by __________. (9a)
53 shall likewise be ___________.

Art. 56. The petition for legal _____________ shall be ________ on Art. 61. After the _________ of the petition for legal _____________,
any of the following grounds: the spouses shall be ___________ to live ___________ from each
other.
(1) Where the _____________ party has _____________ the
offense or act ___________ of; The court, in the ___________ of a __________ ___________
Art. 55. A ___________ for legal _____________ may be filed on between the spouses, shall ___________ either of them or a third
any of the following grounds: person to ___________ the ___________ community or ___________
(2) Where the _____________ party has __________ to the
___________ of the offense or act complained of; partnership property. The ______________ ___________ by the court
shall have the same _________ and ________ as those of a of or change in the __________ of the insurance __________ shall named therein. After due hearing, the court shall, in its order, take
_________ under the Rules of Court. (104a) take effect upon written _____________ thereof to the insured. ___________ to protect the interest of __________ and such order
shall be __________ in the proper registries of properties.
Art. 62. During the ___________ of the _____________ for legal The _____________ to revoke the donation under this Article must be
_____________, the provisions of Article 49 shall likewise apply to brought within five years from the time the __________ of legal The ___________ of the ___________ in the registries of property
the ___________ of the spouses and the ___________ and _____________ become final. (107a) shall not prejudice any __________ not listed or not notified, unless
_____________ of the common children. (105a) the _______________ has sufficient ___________ properties to
Art. 65. If the spouses should reconcile, a ____________ joint satisfy the __________ 's claim. (195a, 108a)
Art. 63. The __________ of legal _____________ shall have the ______________ under oath duly _________ by them shall be filed
following effects: with the court in the same proceeding for legal _____________. (n) Art. 68. The husband and wife are __________ to live together,
observe mutual love, respect and fidelity, and render mutual help and
(1) The spouses shall be entitled to live _____________ Art. 66. The _______________ referred to in the preceding Articles _____________. (109a)
from each other, but the marriage bonds shall not be severed; shall have the following consequences:
Art. 69. The husband and wife shall fix the family ___________ . In
(2) The ___________ community or the ___________ (1) The legal _____________ proceedings, if still pending, case of dis___________ , the court shall decide.
partnership shall be ___________ and ___________ but the shall thereby be ___________ at whatever stage; and
offending spouse shall have no right to any share of the net The court may __________ one spouse from living with the other if
________ earned by the ___________ community or the (2) The final __________ of legal _____________ shall be the latter should live ________ or there are other valid and
___________ partnership, which shall be __________ in set aside, but the _____________ of property and any ___________ reasons for the ___________. However, such
accordance with the provisions of Article 43(2); __________ of the share of the guilty spouse already ___________ shall not apply if the same is not ___________ with the
effected shall _________ , unless the spouses agree to ___________ of the family. (110a)
(3) The ___________ of the ___________ children shall be ________ their ________ property regime.
awarded to the __________ spouse, subject to the provisions Art. 70. The spouses are ________ responsible for the
of Article 213 of this Code; and The court's order __________ the __________ shall be __________ _____________ of the family. The ___________ for such
in the proper civil registries. (108a) _____________ and other ___________ obligations shall be
(4) The offending spouse shall be disqualified from ______from the community property and, in the __________ thereof,
__________ from the __________ spouse by __________ Art. 67. The ___________ to revive the ________ property regime from the _________ or ______ of their separate properties. In case of
succession. Moreover, provisions in favor of the offending referred to in the preceding Article shall be __________ under oath ___________ or absence of said income or fruits, such obligations
spouse made in the __________ of the __________ spouse and shall specify: shall be ___________ from the ___________ properties. (111a)
shall be revoked by operation of law. (106a)
(1) The properties to be ___________ anew to the Art. 71. The ___________ of the ___________ shall be the right and
Art. 64. After the ___________ of the __________ of legal __________ regime; the ______ of ______ spouses. The expenses for such ___________
_____________, the __________ spouse may revoke the __________ shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of Article 70. (115a)
made by him or by her in favor of the offending spouse, as well as the (2) Those to be retained as __________ properties of each
__________ of the latter as __________ in any insurance policy, even spouse; and Art. 72. When one of the spouses ___________ his or her duties to the
if such __________ be stipulated as ____________. The ___________ union or ___________ acts which tend to bring
____________ of the __________ shall be __________ in the (3) The names of all their known __________ , their _________ , _________ or ________ to the other or to the family, the
registries of property in the places where the properties are addresses and the amounts owing to each. _____________ party may apply to the court for relief. (116a)
__________. ____________, liens and ______________ registered in
good faith before the recording of the complaint for ____________ in Art. 73. Either spouse may exercise any _____________ profession,
The ___________ of revival and the ________ for its approval shall
the registries of property shall be ____________. The ____________ ___________, business or activity without the consent of the other.
be filed with the court in the same proceeding for legal
_____________, with copies of both ___________ to the __________
The latter may ________ only on valid, serious, and _________ unless they are ___________ in the local civil registry where the Art. 82. __________ by reason of marriage are those which are made
grounds. marriage contract is __________ as well as in the proper before its celebration, in consideration of the same, and in favor of one
___________ of properties. (122a) or both of the ________ spouses.
In case of dis___________ , the court shall decide whether or not:
Art. 78. A ___________ who according to law may contract marriage Art. 83. These __________ are governed by the rules on ordinary
(1) The ___________ is proper, and may also execute his or her marriage _________, but they shall be __________ established in Title III of Book III of the Civil Code,
__________ only if the persons designated in Article 14 to give insofar as they are not ___________ by the following articles. (127a)
(2) ___________ has occurred to the family prior to the consent to the marriage are made parties to the ___________ , subject
objection or thereafter. If the ___________ accrued prior to to the provisions of Title IX of this Code. (120a) Art. 84. If the ________ spouses agree upon a regime other than the
the __________, the resulting obligation shall be ___________ community of property, they cannot donate to each
___________ against the separate property of the spouse Art. 79. For the ___________ of any marriage settlement __________ other in their marriage _________ more than ___________ of their
who has not obtained ___________. by a person upon whom a sentence of civil interdiction has been _________ property. Any ___________ shall be considered _____ .
pronounced or who is ________ to any other ___________, it shall be
The __________ provisions shall not prejudice the rights of _____________ for the guardian appointed by a competent court to be __________ of future property shall be governed by the provisions on
__________ who acted in good faith. (117a) made a party thereto. (123a) ___________ succession and the formalities of __________s. (130a)

Art. 74. The property ___________ between husband and wife shall Art. 80. In the absence of a ___________ stipulation in a marriage Art. 85. __________ by reason of marriage of property subject to
be ___________ in the following order: _________, the property ___________ of the spouses shall be ______________ shall be valid. In case of foreclosure of the
governed by Philippine laws, regardless of the place of the ___________ and the property is sold for less than the total amount
(1) By marriage _________ __________ before the ___________ of the marriage and their ___________. of the obligation secured, the donee shall not be liable for the
marriage; ___________. If the property is _______ for more than the total
This rule shall not apply: amount of said obligation, the ________ shall be entitled to the
(2) By the provisions of this Code; and excess.
(1) Where ______ spouses are aliens;
(3) By the local __________. (118) Art. 86. A ___________ by ___________ of marriage may be revoked
(2) With respect to the ___________ validity of contracts by the donor in the following cases:
Art. 75. The ___________ spouses may, in the marriage _________, ___________ property not ___________ in the Philippines
agree upon the regime of ___________ community, ___________ and __________ in the country where the property is (1) If the marriage is not celebrated or ___________
partnership of gains, complete _____________ of property, or any __________; and declared _____ ab initio except __________ made in the
other regime. In the absence of a marriage ___________, or when the marriage _________, which shall be governed by Article 81;
regime ___________ upon is _____ , the system of ___________ (3) With respect to the extrinsic _________ of contracts
community of property as established in this Code shall govern. __________ into in the Philippines but affecting property (2) When the marriage takes place without the __________
(119a) situated in a ___________ country whose laws require of the parents or guardian, as required by law;
different ___________ for its __________ validity. (124a)
Art. 76. In order that any ___________ in the marriage ___________ (3) When the marriage is annulled, and the donee acted in
may be valid, it must be made before the ___________ of the Art. 81. Everything ___________ in the _________ or contracts bad faith;
marriage, subject to the provisions of Articles 66, 67, 128, 135 and referred to in the preceding articles in consideration of a _________
136. (121) marriage, including __________ between the ___________ spouses (4) Upon legal _____________, the donee being the guilty
made therein, shall be rendered _____ if the marriage does not take spouse;
Art. 77. The marriage ___________ and any ____________ thereof place. However, ___________ that do not depend upon the
shall be in writing, signed by the parties and __________ before the celebration of the marriages shall be _________. (125a) (5) If it is with a ___________ condition and the condition is
___________ of the marriage. They shall not prejudice third persons ___________ with;
 (6) When the donee has committed an act of ___________ as (1) Property acquired during the marriage by gratuitous _______ by (6) ___________ to enable either spouse to commence or
specified by the provisions of the Civil Code on __________ either spouse, and the ______ as well as the __________ thereof, if complete a ___________ or ___________ course, or other
in general. (132a) any, unless it is expressly provided by the ________ , __________ or activity for ___________________;
_________ that they shall form part of the community property;
Art. 87. Every ___________ or grant of ___________ advantage, (7) ___________ debts of either spouse insofar as they have
direct or indirect, between the spouses during the marriage shall be (2) Property for personal and ___________ use of either spouse. redounded to the benefit of the family;
______, except moderate gifts which the spouses may give each other However, ___________ shall form part of the community property;
on the ___________ of any family __________. The prohibition shall (8) The _________ of what is ________ or promised by both
also apply to persons ________ together as husband and wife without (3) Property acquired before the marriage by either spouse who has spouses in favor of their common _____________ children
a valid marriage. (133a) _____________ descendants by a ________ marriage, and the fruits for the __________ purpose of commencing or
as well as the income, if any, of such property. (201a) ___________ a professional or vocational course or other
Art. 88. The ___________ community of property between spouses activity for _________________;
shall commence at the ___________ moment that the marriage is Art. 93. Property acquired during the marriage is presumed to belong
celebrated. Any stipulation, express or implied, for the to the ___________, unless it is proved that it is one of those (9) ___________ debts of either spouse other than those
_______________ of the community regime at any other time shall be ___________ therefrom. (160) falling under paragraph (7) of this Article, the
_____ . (145a) _____________ of il_____________ children of either
Art. 94. The ___________ community of property shall be liable for: spouse, and ___________ incurred by either spouse by
Art. 89. No ________ of rights, shares and effects of the ___________ reason of a crime or a ___________, in case of absence or
community of property during the marriage can be made except in (1) The _____________ of the spouses, their common insufficiency of the exclusive property of the
case of judicial _____________ of property. children, and _____________ children of either spouse; _______________, the payment of which shall be
however, the _____________ of il_____________ children considered as _____________ to be ___________ from the
When the __________ takes place upon a judicial _____________ of shall be governed by the provisions of this Code on share of the _______________ upon ___________ of the
property, or after the marriage has been dissolved or annulled, the _____________; community; and
same shall appear in a public ___________ and shall be __________
as provided in Article 77. The __________ of the spouse who made (2) All ______ and ____________ contracted during the (10) Expenses of ___________ between the spouses unless
such waiver may petition the court to _________ the waiver to the marriage by the designated ________________ for the the _______ is found to be ____________.
extent of the __________ sufficient to ________ the amount of their ___________ of the community, or by both spouses, or by
_________ . (146a) one spouse with the consent of the other; If the community property is insufficient to ________ the __________
liabilities, except those falling under paragraph (9), the spouses shall
Art. 90. The provisions on ___________ shall apply to the (3) ______ and obligations ___________ by either spouse be solidarily liable for the _________ balance with their separate
___________ community of property between the spouses in all without the consent of the other to the extent that the properties. (161a, 162a, 163a, 202a-205a)
matters not provided for in this Chapter. (n) _______ may have been benefited;
Art. 95. Whatever may be lost during the marriage in any _______ of
Art. 91. Unless otherwise provided in this Chapter or in the marriage (4) All taxes, liens, charges and expenses, including major or chance, betting, sweepstakes, or any other kind of ___________,
_________, the community property shall consist of all the property ___________ repairs, upon the ___________ property; whether permitted or prohibited by law, shall be _______ by the
_________ by the spouses at the time of the celebration of the ________ and shall not be charged to the community but any
marriage or ___________ thereafter. (5) All ___________ and expenses for mere preservation __________ therefrom shall form part of the ___________ property.
made during marriage upon the ___________ property of (164a)
Art. 92. The following shall be ___________ from the community either spouse used by the family;
property: Art. 96. The ____________ and ___________ of the community
property shall belong to both spouses jointly. In case of
dis___________ , the husband's decision shall ___________, subject
to recourse to the _______ by the wife for proper ________, which (1) The spouse who leaves the ___________ home or months or has failed within the _______ period to give any
must be availed of within ______ years from the date of the ___________ to live therein, without just cause, shall not information as to his or her whereabouts shall be prima facie
__________ implementing such decision. have the right to be _____________ed; presumed to have no intention of returning to the ___________
dwelling. (178a)
In the event that one spouse is ___________ or otherwise _______ to (2) When the consent of one spouse to any
___________ in the administration of the common properties, the trans_____________ of the other is required by law, judicial Art. 102. Upon dissolution of the ___________ community regime,
other spouse may ___________ sole powers of administration. These authorization shall be obtained in a summary proceeding; the following procedure shall apply:
powers do not include disposition or ___________ without authority
of the court or the ________ consent of the other spouse. In the (3) In the ___________ of ___________ community (1) An inventory shall be prepared, listing _____________
absence of such authority or consent, the disposition or encumbrance property, the separate property of both spouses shall be all the properties of the ___________ community and the
shall be ______. However, the trans_____________ shall be ___________ liable for the _____________ of the family. exclusive properties of each spouse.
construed as a continuing offer on the part of the consenting spouse The spouse present shall, upon ___________ petition in a
and the third person, and may be ___________ as a _______ contract summary proceeding, be given judicial authority to (2) The debts and obligations of the ___________
upon the ___________ by the other spouse or authorization by the administer or ___________ any specific separate property of community shall be paid out of its assets. In case of
court before the offer is ___________ by either or both offerors. the other spouse and use the fruits or proceeds thereof to insufficiency of said assets, the spouses shall be solidarily
(206a) satisfy the latter's ________. (178a) liable for the unpaid balance with their separate properties in
accordance with the provisions of the second paragraph of
Art. 97. Either spouse may dispose by __________ of his or her Article 94.
interest in the community property. (n)
(3) Whatever remains of the exclusive properties of the
Art. 98. Neither spouse may ___________ any ___________ spouses shall thereafter be delivered to each of them.
property without the consent of the other. However, either spouse
may, without the consent of the other, make moderate __________ (4) The net remainder of the properties of the ___________
from the community property for ___________ or on occasions of community shall constitute its net assets, which shall be
family ___________ or family ___________. (n) divided equally between husband and wife, unless a different
proportion or division was agreed upon in the marriage
Art. 99. The ___________ community terminates: _________, or unless there has been a voluntary waiver of
such share provided in this Code. For purpose of computing
(1) Upon the _________ of either spouse; the net profits subject to __________ in accordance with
Articles 43, No. (2) and 63, No. (2), the said profits shall be
Art. 101. If a spouse without just cause abandons the other or fails to
(2) When there is a __________ of legal _____________; the increase in value between the market value of the
comply with his or her obligations to the family, the _____________
community property at the time of the celebration of the
spouse may petition the court for receivership, for judicial
(3) When the marriage is annulled or declared _____ ; or marriage and the market value at the time of its dissolution.
_____________ of property or for authority to be the sole
administrator of the ___________ community, subject to such
(4) In case of judicial _____________ of property during the precautionary conditions as the court may impose. (5) The presumptive legitimes of the common children shall
marriage under Article 134 to 138. (175a) be delivered upon partition, in accordance with Article 51.
The obligations to the family mentioned in the preceding paragraph
Art. 100. The _____________ in fact between husband and wife shall refer to marital, parental or property relations. (6) Unless otherwise agreed upon by the parties, in the
not affect the regime of ___________ community except that: partition of the properties, the ___________ dwelling and
the lot on which it is situated shall be adjudicated to the
A spouse is deemed to have abandoned the other when her or she has
spouse with whom the majority of the common children
left the ___________ dwelling without intention of returning. The
choose to remain. Children below the age of seven years are
spouse who has left the ___________ dwelling for a period of three
 deemed to have chosen the mother, unless the court has Art. 106. Under the regime of ___________ partnership of gains, the of the other spouse, and appear alone in court to litigate with regard to
decided otherwise. In case there in no such majority, the husband and wife place in a common fund the proceeds, products, the same. (n)
court shall decide, taking into consideration the best interests fruits and income from their separate properties and those acquired by
of said children. (n) either or both spouses through their efforts or by chance, and, upon Art. 112. The alienation of any exclusive property of a spouse
dissolution of the marriage or of the partnership, the net gains or administered by the other automatically terminates the administration
Art. 103. Upon the termination of the marriage by death, the benefits obtained by either or both spouses shall be divided equally over such property and the proceeds of the alienation shall be turned
community property shall be ___________ in the same proceeding for between them, unless otherwise agreed in the marriage _________. over to the owner-spouse. (n)
the _________ of the estate of the deceased. (142a)
Art. 113. Property donated or left by __________ to the spouses,
If no judicial _________ proceeding is instituted, the surviving spouse Art. 107. The rules provided in Articles 88 and 89 shall also apply to jointly and with __________ of determinate shares, shall pertain to the
shall liquidate the community property either judicially or extra- ___________ partnership of gains. (n) donee-spouses as his or her own exclusive property, and in the
judicially within six months from the death of the deceased spouse. If absence of __________, share and share alike, without prejudice to
upon the lapse of the six months period, no ___________ is made, any Art. 108. The ___________ partnership shall be governed by the rules the right of accretion when proper. (150a)
disposition or encumbrance involving the community property of the on the contract of partnership in all that is not in conflict with what is
___________ marriage shall be _____ . expressly determined in this Chapter or by the spouses in their Art. 114. If the __________ are onerous, the amount of the charges
marriage _________. (147a) shall be borne by the exclusive property of the donee spouse,
Should the surviving spouse contract a subsequent marriage without whenever they have been advanced by the ___________ partnership
_____________ with the __________ requirements, a mandatory Art. 109. The following shall be the exclusive property of each of gains. (151a)
regime of complete _____________ of property shall govern the spouse:
property relations of the subsequent marriage. (n) Art. 115. Retirement benefits, pensions, annuities, gratuities, usufructs
(1) That which is brought to the marriage as his or her own; and similar benefits shall be governed by the rules on gratuitous or
Art. 104. Whenever the ___________ of the community properties of onerous acquisitions as may be proper in each case. (n)
two or more marriages contracted by the same person before the (2) That which each acquires during the marriage by
effectivity of this Code is carried out simultaneously, the respective gratuitous title; Art. 116. All property acquired during the marriage, whether the
capital, fruits and income of each community shall be determined acquisition appears to have been made, contracted or registered in the
upon such proof as may be considered according to the rules of (3) That which is acquired by right of redemption, by barter name of one or both spouses, is presumed to be ___________ unless
evidence. In case of doubt as to which community the existing or by exchange with property belonging to only one of the the contrary is proved. (160a)
properties belong, the same shall be divided between the different spouses; and
communities in proportion to the capital and duration of each. (189a) Art. 117. The following are ___________ partnership properties:
(4) That which is purchased with exclusive money of the
Art. 105. In case the future spouses agree in the marriage _________ wife or of the husband. (148a) (1) Those acquired by onerous title during the marriage at
that the regime of ___________ partnership gains shall govern their the expense of the common fund, whether the acquisition be
property relations during marriage, the provisions in this Chapter shall Art. 110. The spouses retain the ownership, possession, administration for the partnership, or for only one of the spouses;
be of supplementary application. and enjoyment of their exclusive properties.
(2) Those obtained from the labor, industry, work or
The provisions of this Chapter shall also apply to ___________ Either spouse may, during the marriage, transfer the administration of profession of either or both of the spouses;
partnerships of gains already established between spouses before the his or her exclusive property to the other by means of a public
effectivity of this Code, without prejudice to vested rights already instrument, which shall be __________ in the registry of property of (3) The fruits, natural, industrial, or civil, due or received
acquired in accordance with the Civil Code or other laws, as provided the place the property is __________. (137a, 168a, 169a) during the marriage from the common property, as well as
in Article 256. (n) the net fruits from the exclusive property of each spouse;
Art. 111. A spouse of age may mortgage, encumber, alienate or
otherwise dispose of his or her exclusive property, without the consent
 (4) The share of either spouse in the hidden treasure which spouse at the time of the improvement; otherwise, said property shall for the exclusive purpose of commencing or completing a
the law awards to the finder or owner of the property where be retained in ownership by the owner-spouse, likewise subject to professional or vocational course or other activity for self-
the treasure is found; reimbursement of the cost of the improvement. improvement; and

(5) Those acquired through occupation such as fishing or In either case, the ownership of the entire property shall be vested (9) Expenses of litigation between the spouses unless the suit
hunting; upon the reimbursement, which shall be made at the time of the is found to groundless.
___________ of the ___________ partnership. (158a)
(6) Livestock existing upon the dissolution of the partnership If the ___________ partnership is insufficient to cover the
in excess of the number of each kind brought to the marriage Art. 121. The ___________ partnership shall be liable for: __________ liabilities, the spouses shall be solidarily liable for the
by either spouse; and unpaid balance with their separate properties. (161a)
(1) The _____________ of the spouse, their common
(7) Those which are acquired by chance, such as winnings children, and the _____________ children of either spouse; Art. 122. The payment of personal debts contracted by the husband or
from gambling or betting. However, losses therefrom shall however, the _____________ of il_____________ children the wife before or during the marriage shall not be charged to the
be borne exclusively by the loser-spouse. (153a, 154a, 155, shall be governed by the provisions of this Code on ___________ properties partnership except insofar as they redounded
159) _____________; to the benefit of the family.

Art. 118. Property bought on installments paid partly from exclusive (2) All debts and obligations contracted during the marriage Neither shall the fines and pecuniary indemnities imposed upon them
funds of either or both spouses and partly from ___________ funds by the designated administrator-spouse for the benefit of the be charged to the partnership.
belongs to the buyer or buyers if full ownership was vested before the ___________ partnership of gains, or by both spouses or by
marriage and to the ___________ partnership if such ownership was one of them with the consent of the other; However, the payment of personal debts contracted by either spouse
vested during the marriage. In either case, any amount advanced by before the marriage, that of fines and indemnities imposed upon them,
the partnership or by either or both spouses shall be reimbursed by the (3) Debts and obligations contracted by either spouse as well as the _____________ of il_____________ children of either
owner or owners upon ___________ of the partnership. (n) without the consent of the other to the extent that the family spouse, may be enforced against the partnership assets after the
may have benefited; responsibilities enumerated in the preceding Article have been
Art. 119. Whenever an amount or credit payable within a period of covered, if the spouse who is bound should have no exclusive property
time belongs to one of the spouses, the sums which may be collected (4) All taxes, liens, charges, and expenses, including major or if it should be insufficient; but at the time of the ___________ of
during the marriage in partial payments or by installments on the or ___________ repairs upon the ___________ partnership the partnership, such spouse shall be charged for what has been paid
principal shall be the exclusive property of the spouse. However, property; for the purpose above-mentioned. (163a)
interests falling due during the marriage on the principal shall belong
to the ___________ partnership. (156a, 157a) (5) All taxes and expenses for mere preservation made Art. 123. Whatever may be lost during the marriage in any game of
during the marriage upon the separate property of either chance or in betting, sweepstakes, or any other kind of gambling
Art. 120. The ownership of improvements, whether for utility or spouse; whether permitted or prohibited by law, shall be borne by the loser
adornment, made on the separate property of the spouses at the and shall not be charged to the ___________ partnership but any
expense of the partnership or through the acts or efforts of either or (6) Expenses to enable either spouse to commence or winnings therefrom shall form part of the ___________ partnership
both spouses shall pertain to the ___________ partnership, or to the complete a professional, vocational, or other activity for self- property. (164a)
original owner-spouse, subject to the following rules: improvement;
Art. 124. The administration and enjoyment of the ___________
When the cost of the improvement made by the ___________ (7) Antenuptial debts of either spouse insofar as they have partnership shall belong to both spouses jointly. In case of
partnership and any resulting increase in value are more than the value redounded to the benefit of the family; dis___________ , the husband's decision shall prevail, subject to
of the property at the time of the improvement, the entire property of recourse to the court by the wife for proper remedy, which must be
one of the spouses shall belong to the ___________ partnership, (8) The value of what is donated or promised by both availed of within five years from the date of the contract implementing
subject to reimbursement of the value of the property of the owner- spouses in favor of their common _____________ children such decision.
In the event that one spouse is incapacitated or otherwise unable to solidarily liable for the _____________ of the family. The case of insufficiency of said assets, the spouses shall be
participate in the administration of the ___________ properties, the spouse present shall, upon petition in a summary proceeding, solidarily liable for the unpaid balance with their separate
other spouse may assume sole powers of administration. These powers be given judicial authority to administer or encumber any properties, in accordance with the provisions of paragraph
do not include disposition or encumbrance without authority of the specific separate property of the other spouse and use the (2) of Article 121.
court or the written consent of the other spouse. In the absence of such fruits or proceeds thereof to satisfy the latter's share. (178a)
authority or consent, the disposition or encumbrance shall be _____ . (5) Whatever remains of the exclusive properties of the
However, the trans_____________ shall be construed as a continuing Art. 128. If a spouse without just cause abandons the other or fails to spouses shall thereafter be delivered to each of them.
offer on the part of the consenting spouse and the third person, and comply with his or her obligation to the family, the _____________
may be perfected as a binding contract upon the acceptance by the spouse may petition the court for receivership, for judicial (6) Unless the owner had been indemnified from whatever
other spouse or authorization by the court before the offer is _____________ of property, or for authority to be the sole source, the loss or deterioration of movables used for the
withdrawn by either or both offerors. (165a) administrator of the ___________ partnership property, subject to benefit of the family, belonging to either spouse, even due to
such precautionary conditions as the court may impose. fortuitous event, shall be paid to said spouse from the
Art. 125. Neither spouse may donate any ___________ partnership ___________ funds, if any.
property without the consent of the other. However, either spouse The obligations to the family mentioned in the preceding paragraph
may, without the consent of the other, make moderate __________ refer to marital, parental or property relations. (7) The net remainder of the ___________ partnership
from the ___________ partnership property for charity or on properties shall constitute the profits, which shall be divided
occasions of family rejoicing or family distress. (174a) A spouse is deemed to have abandoned the other when he or she has equally between husband and wife, unless a different
left the ___________ dwelling without intention of returning. The proportion or division was agreed upon in the marriage
Art. 126. The ___________ partnership terminates: spouse who has left the ___________ dwelling for a period of three _________ or unless there has been a voluntary waiver or
months or has failed within the same period to give any information as __________ of such share as provided in this Code.
(1) Upon the death of either spouse; to his or her whereabouts shall be prima facie presumed to have no
intention of returning to the ___________ dwelling. (167a, 191a) (8) The presumptive legitimes of the common children shall
(2) When there is a __________ of legal _____________; be delivered upon the partition in accordance with Article
Art. 129. Upon the dissolution of the ___________ partnership 51.
(3) When the marriage is annulled or declared _____ ; or regime, the following procedure shall apply:
(9) In the partition of the properties, the ___________
(4) In case of judicial _____________ of property during the (1) An inventory shall be prepared, listing _____________ dwelling and the lot on which it is situated shall, unless
marriage under Articles 134 to 138 (175a) all the properties of the ___________ partnership and the otherwise agreed upon by the parties, be adjudicated to the
exclusive properties of each spouse. spouse with whom the majority of the common children
Art. 127. The _____________ in fact between husband and wife shall choose to remain. Children below the age of seven years are
not affect the regime of ___________ partnership, except that: (2) Amounts advanced by the ___________ partnership in deemed to have chosen the mother, unless the court has
payment of personal debts and obligations of either spouse decided otherwise. In case there is no such majority, the
(1) The spouse who leaves the ___________ home or refuses shall be credited to the ___________ partnership as an asset court shall decide, taking into consideration the best interests
to live therein, without just cause, shall not have the right to thereof. of said children. (181a, 182a, 183a, 184a, 185a)
be _____________ed;
(3) Each spouse shall be reimbursed for the use of his or her Art. 130. Upon the termination of the marriage by death, the
(2) When the consent of one spouse to any exclusive funds in the acquisition of property or for the value ___________ partnership property shall be ___________ in the same
trans_____________ of the other is required by law, judicial of his or her exclusive property, the ownership of which has proceeding for the _________ of the estate of the deceased.
authorization shall be obtained in a summary proceeding; been vested by law in the ___________ partnership.
If no judicial _________ proceeding is instituted, the surviving spouse
(3) In the absence of sufficient ___________ partnership (4) The debts and obligations of the ___________ shall liquidate the ___________ partnership property either judicially
property, the separate property of both spouses shall be partnership shall be paid out of the ___________ assets. In or extra-judicially within six months from the death of the deceased
spouse. If upon the lapse of the six-month period no ___________ is (2) That the spouse of the petitioner has been judicially Art. 138. After dissolution of the ___________ community or of the
made, any disposition or encumbrance involving the ___________ declared an absentee; ___________ partnership, the provisions on complete _____________
partnership property of the ___________ marriage shall be _____ . of property shall apply. (191a)
(3) That loss of parental authority of the spouse of petitioner
Should the surviving spouse contract a subsequent marriage without has been __________d by the court; Art. 139. The petition for _____________ of property and the final
_____________ with the __________ requirements, a mandatory judgment granting the same shall be __________ in the proper local
regime of complete _____________ of property shall govern the (4) That the spouse of the petitioner has abandoned the latter civil registries and registries of property. (193a)
property relations of the subsequent marriage. (n) or failed to comply with his or her obligations to the family
as provided for in Article 101; Art. 140. The _____________ of property shall not prejudice the
Art. 131. Whenever the ___________ of the ___________ partnership rights previously acquired by __________ . (194a)
properties of two or more marriages contracted by the same person (5) That the spouse granted the power of administration in
before the effectivity of this Code is carried out simultaneously, the the marriage _________ has abused that power; and Art. 141. The spouses may, in the same proceedings where
respective capital, fruits and income of each partnership shall be _____________ of property was __________d, file a motion in court
determined upon such proof as may be considered according to the (6) That at the time of the petition, the spouses have been for a __________ reviving the property regime that existed between
rules of evidence. In case of doubt as to which partnership the existing __________ in fact for at least one year and them before the _____________ of property in any of the following
properties belong, the same shall be divided between the different _______________is highly improbable. instances:
partnerships in proportion to the capital and duration of each. (189a)
In the cases provided for in Numbers (1), (2) and (3), the presentation (1) When the civil interdiction terminates;
Art. 132. The Rules of Court on the administration of estates of of the final judgment against the guilty or absent spouse shall be
deceased persons shall be observed in the appraisal and sale of enough basis for the grant of the __________ of judicial (2) When the absentee spouse reappears;
property of the ___________ partnership, and other matters which are _____________ of property. (191a)
not expressly determined in this Chapter. (187a) (3) When the court, being _________ that the spouse granted
Art. 136. The spouses may jointly file a verified petition with the court the power of administration in the marriage _________
Art. 133. From the common mass of property _____________ shall be for the voluntary dissolution of the ___________ community or the __________ not again abuse that power, authorizes the
given to the surviving spouse and to the children during the ___________ partnership of gains, and for the _____________ of resumption of said administration;
___________ of the inventoried property and until what belongs to their common properties.
them is delivered; but from this shall be deducted that amount (4) When the spouse who has left the ___________ home
received for _____________ which exceeds the fruits or rents All __________ of the ___________ community or of the without a __________ of legal _____________ resumes
pertaining to them. (188a) ___________ partnership of gains, as well as the personal common life with the other;
__________ of the spouse, shall be listed in the petition and notified
Art. 134. In the absence of an express declaration in the marriage of the filing thereof. The court shall take measures to protect the (5) When parental authority is judicially __________ to the
_________, the _____________ of property between spouses during __________ and other persons with pecuniary interest. (191a) spouse previously deprived thereof;
the marriage shall not take place except by judicial order. Such
judicial _____________ of property may either be voluntary or for Art. 137. Once the _____________ of property has been (6) When the spouses who have __________ in fact for at
sufficient cause. (190a) __________d, the ___________ community or the ___________ least one year, reconcile and resume common life; or
partnership of gains shall be ___________ in conformity with this
Art. 135. Any of the following shall be considered sufficient cause for Code. (7) When after voluntary dissolution of the ___________
judicial _____________ of property:
community of property or ___________ partnership has
During the pendency of the proceedings for _____________ of been judicially __________d upon the joint petition of the
(1) That the spouse of the petitioner has been sentenced to a property, the ___________ community or the ___________ spouses, they agree to the revival of the ________ property
penalty which carries with it civil interdiction; partnership shall pay for the _____________ of the spouses and their regime. No voluntary _____________ of property may
children. (192a) thereafter be granted.
The revival of the ________ property regime shall be governed by The liabilities of the spouses to __________ for family expenses If one of the parties is validly married to another, his or her share in
Article 67. (195a) shall, however, be solidary. (215a) the co-ownership shall accrue to the ___________ community or
___________ partnership existing in such valid marriage. If the party
Art. 142. The administration of all classes of exclusive property of Art. 147. When a man and a woman who are capacitated to marry who acted in bad faith is not validly married to another, his or her
either spouse may be transferred by the court to the other spouse: each other, live exclusively with each other as husband and wife shall be forfeited in the manner provided in the last paragraph of the
without the benefit of marriage or under a _____ marriage, their preceding Article.
(1) When one spouse becomes the guardian of the other; wages and salaries shall be owned by them in equal shares and the
property acquired by both of them through their work or industry shall The __________ rules on __________ shall likewise apply even if
(2) When one spouse is judicially declared an absentee; be governed by the rules on co-ownership. both parties are in both faith. (144a)

(3) When one spouse is sentenced to a penalty which carries In the absence of proof to the contrary, properties acquired while they Art. 149. The family, being the foundation of the nation, is a basic
with it civil interdiction; or lived together shall be presumed to have been obtained by their joint social institution which public policy cherishes and protects.
efforts, work or industry, and shall be owned by them in equal shares. Consequently, family relations are governed by law and no custom,
(4) When one spouse becomes a fugitive from justice or is in For purposes of this Article, a party who did not participate in the practice or ___________ destructive of the family shall be recognized
hiding as an accused in a criminal case. acquisition by the other party of any property shall be deemed to have or given effect. (216a, 218a)
___________ jointly in the acquisition thereof if the ________ 's
efforts consisted in the care and maintenance of the family and of the Art. 50. Family relations include those:
If the other spouse is not qualified by reason of incompetence, conflict
household.
of interest, or any other just cause, the court shall appoint a suitable
person to be the administrator. (n) (1) Between husband and wife;
Neither party can encumber or dispose by acts inter vivos of his or her
share in the property acquired during cohabitation and owned in (2) Between parents and children;
Art. 143. Should the future spouses agree in the marriage _________
common, without the consent of the other, until after the termination
that their property relations during marriage shall be governed by the
of their cohabitation. (3) Among brothers and sisters, whether of the full or
regime of _____________ of property, the provisions of this Chapter
shall be suppletory. (212a) halfblood. (217a)
When only one of the parties to a _____ marriage is in good faith, the
share of the party in bad faith in the co-ownership shall be forfeited in Art. 151. No suit between members of the same family shall prosper
Art. 144. _____________ of property may refer to present or future
favor of their common children. In case of default of or waiver by any unless it should appear from the verified complaint or petition that
property or both. It may be total or partial. In the latter case, the
or all of the common children or their descendants, each vacant share earnest efforts toward a compromise have been made, but that the
property not agreed upon as separate shall pertain to the ___________
shall belong to the respective surviving descendants. In the absence of same have failed. If it is shown that no such efforts were in fact made,
community. (213a)
descendants, such share shall belong to the __________ party. In all the same case must be dismissed.
cases, the __________ shall take place upon termination of the
Art. 145. Each spouse shall own, dispose of, possess, administer and
cohabitation. (144a)
enjoy his or her own separate estate, without need of the consent of This rules shall not apply to cases which may not be the subject of
the other. To each spouse shall belong all earnings from his or her compromise under the Civil Code. (222a)
Art. 148. In cases of cohabitation not falling under the preceding
profession, business or industry and all fruits, natural, industrial or
Article, only the properties acquired by both of the parties through
civil, due or received during the marriage from his or her separate Art. 152. The family home, constituted jointly by the husband and the
their actual joint contribution of money, property, or industry shall be
property. (214a) wife or by an unmarried head of a family, is the dwelling house where
owned by them in common in proportion to their respective
they and their family reside, and the land on which it is situated.
contributions. In the absence of proof to the contrary, their
Art. 146. Both spouses shall bear the family expenses in proportion to (223a)
contributions and corresponding shares are presumed to be equal. The
their income, or, in case of insufficiency or default thereof, to the
same rule and presumption shall apply to joint deposits of money and
current market value of their separate properties. Art. 153. The family home is deemed constituted on a house and lot
evidences of credit.
from the time it is occupied as a family residence. From the time of its
constitution and so long as any of its beneficiaries actually resides
therein, the family home continues to be such and is exempt from Art. 157. The actual value of the family home shall not exceed, at the At the execution sale, no bid below the value allowed for a family
execution, forced sale or attachment except as hereinafter provided time of its constitution, the amount of the three hundred thousand home shall be considered. The proceeds shall be applied first to the
and to the extent of the value allowed by law. (223a) pesos in urban areas, and two hundred thousand pesos in rural areas, amount mentioned in Article 157, and then to the liabilities under the
or such amounts as may hereafter be fixed by law. judgment and the costs. The excess, if any, shall be delivered to the
Art. 154. The beneficiaries of a family home are: judgment debtor. (247a, 248a)
In any event, if the value of the currency changes after the adoption of
(1) The husband and wife, or an unmarried person who is the this Code, the value most favorable for the constitution of a family Art. 161. For purposes of availing of the benefits of a family home as
head of a family; and home shall be the basis of evaluation. provided for in this Chapter, a person may constitute, or be the
__________ of, only one family home. (n)
(2) Their parents, ascendants, descendants, brothers and For purposes of this Article, urban areas are deemed to include
sisters, whether the relationship be _____________ or chartered cities and municipalities whose annual income at least Art. 162. The provisions in this Chapter shall also govern existing
il_____________, who are living in the family home and equals that legally required for chartered cities. All others are deemed family residences insofar as said provisions are applicable. (n)
who depend upon the head of the family for legal to be rural areas. (231a)
_____________. (226a) Art. 163. The filiation of children may be by nature or by adoption.
Art. 158. The family home may be sold, alienated, donated, assigned Natural filiation may be _____________ or il_____________. (n)
Art. 155. The family home shall be exempt from execution, forced or encumbered by the owner or owners thereof with the written
sale or attachment except: consent of the person constituting the same, the latter's spouse, and a Art. 164. Children conceived or born during the marriage of the
majority of the beneficiaries of legal age. In case of conflict, the court parents are _____________.
(1) For nonpayment of taxes; shall decide. (235a)
Children conceived as a result of artificial insemination of the wife
(2) For debts incurred prior to the constitution of the family Art. 159. The family home shall continue despite the death of one or with the sperm of the husband or that of a donor or both are likewise
home; both spouses or of the unmarried head of the family for a period of ten _____________ children of the husband and his wife, provided, that
years or for as long as there is a ___________ __________, and the both of them authorized or ratified such insemination in a written
(3) For debts secured by mortgages on the premises before or heirs cannot partition the same unless the court finds compelling instrument __________ and signed by them before the birth of the
after such constitution; and reasons therefor. This rule shall apply regardless of whoever owns the child. The instrument shall be __________ in the civil registry
property or constituted the family home. (238a) together with the birth certificate of the child. (55a, 258a)
(4) For debts due to laborers, mechanics, architects, builders,
materialmen and others who have rendered service or Art. 160. When a __________ whose claims is not among those Art. 165. Children conceived and born outside a valid marriage are
furnished material for the construction of the building. mentioned in Article 155 obtains a judgment in his favor, and he has il_____________, unless otherwise provided in this Code. (n)
(243a) reasonable grounds to believe that the family home is actually worth
more than the maximum amount fixed in Article 157, he may apply to Art. 166. Legitimacy of a child may be impugned only on the
the court which rendered the judgment for an order directing the sale following grounds:
Art. 156. The family home must be part of the properties of the
of the property under execution. The court shall so order if it finds that
___________ community or the ___________ partnership, or of the
the actual value of the family home exceeds the maximum amount (1) That it was physically impossible for the husband to have
exclusive properties of either spouse with the latter's consent. It may
allowed by law as of the time of its constitution. If the increased actual sexual intercourse with his wife within the first 120 days of
also be constituted by an unmarried head of a family on his or her own
value exceeds the maximum allowed in Article 157 and results from the 300 days which immediately preceded the birth of the
property.
subsequent voluntary improvements introduced by the person or child because of:
persons constituting the family home, by the owner or owners of the
Nevertheless, property that is the subject of a conditional sale on
property, or by any of the beneficiaries, the same rule and procedure
installments where ownership is reserved by the vendor only to (a) the physical incapacity of the husband to have
shall apply.
guarantee payment of the purchase price may be constituted as a sexual intercourse with his wife;
family home. (227a, 228a)
 (b) the fact that the husband and wife were living Art. 170. The _____________ to impugn the legitimacy of the child (1) The open and continuous possession of the status of a
_____________ in such a way that sexual shall be brought within one year from the knowledge of the birth or its _____________ child; or
intercourse was not possible; or recording in the civil register, if the husband or, in a proper case, any
of his heirs, should reside in the city or municipality where the birth (2) Any other means allowed by the Rules of Court and
(c) serious illness of the husband, which took place or was __________ . special laws. (265a, 266a, 267a)
___________ly prevented sexual intercourse;
If the husband or, in his default, all of his heirs do not reside at the Art. 173. The _____________ to claim legitimacy may be brought by
(2) That it is proved that for biological or other scientific place of birth as defined in the first paragraph or where it was the child during his or her lifetime and shall be transmitted to the heirs
reasons, the child could not have been that of the husband, __________ , the period shall be two years if they should reside in the should the child die during ___________ity or in a state of insanity. In
except in the instance provided in the second paragraph of Philippines; and three years if ________. If the birth of the child has these cases, the heirs shall have a period of five years within which to
Article 164; or been concealed from or was unknown to the husband or his heirs, the institute the _____________.
period shall be counted from the discovery or knowledge of the birth
(3) That in case of children conceived through artificial of the child or of the fact of registration of said birth, whichever is Art. 174. _____________ children shall have the right:
insemination, the written authorization or ratification of earlier. (263a)
either parent was obtained through mistake, fraud, violence, (1) To bear the surnames of the father and the mother, in
intimidation, or undue influence. (255a) Art. 171. The heirs of the husband may impugn the filiation of the conformity with the provisions of the Civil Code on
child within the period prescribed in the preceding article only in the Surnames;
Art. 167. The child shall be considered _____________ although the following cases:
mother may have declared against its legitimacy or may have been (2) To receive _____________ from their parents, their
sentenced as an adulteress. (256a) (1) If the husband should died before the expiration of the ascendants, and in proper cases, their brothers and sisters, in
period fixed for bringing his _____________; conformity with the provisions of this Code on
Art. 168. If the marriage is ___________ and the mother contracted _____________; and
another marriage within three hundred days after such termination of (2) If he should die after the filing of the complaint without
the ________ marriage, these rules shall govern in the absence of having desisted therefrom; or (3) To be entitled to the _____________ and other
proof to the contrary: _____________ rights granted to them by the Civil Code.
(3) If the child was born after the death of the husband. (264a)
(1) A child born before one hundred eighty days after the (262a)
solemnization of the subsequent marriage is considered to Art. 175. Il_____________ children may establish their
have been conceived during the ________ marriage, Art. 172. The filiation of _____________ children is established by il_____________ filiation in the same way and on the same evidence
provided it be born within three hundred days after the any of the following: as _____________ children.
termination of the ________ marriage;
(1) The record of birth appearing in the civil register or a The _____________ must be brought within the same period specified
(2) A child born after one hundred eighty days following the final judgment; or in Article 173, except when the _____________ is based on the
celebration of the subsequent marriage is considered to have second paragraph of Article 172, in which case the _____________
been conceived during such marriage, even though it be born (2) An admission of _____________ filiation in a public may be brought during the lifetime of the alleged parent. (289a)
within the three hundred days after the termination of the document or a private handwritten instrument and signed by
________ marriage. (259a) the parent concerned. Art. 176. Il_____________ children shall use the surname and shall be
under the parental authority of their mother, and shall be entitled to
Art. 169. The legitimacy or illegitimacy of a child born after three In the absence of the __________ evidence, the _____________ _____________ in conformity with this Code. The legitime of each
hundred days following the termination of the marriage shall be filiation shall be proved by: il_____________ child shall consist of one-half of the legitime of a
proved by whoever alleges such legitimacy or illegitimacy. (261a) _____________ child. Except for this modification, all other
provisions in the Civil Code governing _____________ rights shall (1) The guardian with respect to the ward prior to the adoption, said person has been consistently considered and
remain in force. (287a) approval of the final accounts rendered upon the termination treated by the adopter as his or her own child during
of their guardianship relation; ___________ity.
Art. 177. Only children conceived and born outside of wedlock of
parents who, at the time of the conception of the ________ , were not (2) Any person who has been convicted of a crime involving (2) An alien with whose government the Republic of the
disqualified by any impediment to marry each other may be moral turpitude; Philippines has no diplomatic relations; and
_____________d. (269a)
(3) An alien, except: (3) A person who has already been adopted unless such
Art. 178. Legitimation shall take place by a subsequent valid marriage adoption has been previously revoked or rescinded. (30a, EO
between parents. The annulment of a viodable marriage shall not (a) A ________ Filipino citizen who seeks to 91 and PD 603)
affect the legitimation. (270a) adopt a relative by consanguinity;
Art. 188. The written consent of the following to the adoption shall be
Art. 179. _____________d children shall enjoy the same rights as (b) One who seeks to adopt the _____________ necessary:
_____________ children. (272a) child of his or her Filipino spouse; or
(1) The person to be adopted, if ten years of age or over,
Art. 180. The effects of legitimation shall retroact to the time of the (c) One who is married to a Filipino citizen and
child's birth. (273a) seeks to adopt jointly with his or her spouse a (2) The parents by nature of the child, the legal guardian, or
relative by consanguinity of the latter. the proper government instrumentality;
Art. 181. The legitimation of children who died before the celebration
of the marriage shall benefit their descendants. (274) Aliens not included in the __________ exceptions may (3) The _____________ and adopted children, ten years of
adopt Filipino children in accordance with the rules on inter- age or over, of the adopting parent or parents;
Art. 182. Legitimation may be impugned only by those who are country adoptions as may be provided by law. (28a, EO 91
prejudiced in their rights, within five years from the time their cause and PD 603) (4) The il_____________ children, ten years of age or over,
of _____________ accrues. (275a) of the adopting parent, if living with said parent and the
Art. 185. Husband and wife must jointly adopt, except in the latter's spouse, if any; and
Art. 183. A person of age and in possession of full civil capacity and following cases:
legal rights may adopt, provided he is in a position to _____________ (5) The spouse, if any, of the person adopting or to be
and care for his children, _____________ or il_____________, in (1) When one spouse seeks to adopt his own adopted. (31a, EO 91 and PD 603)
keeping with the means of the family. il_____________ child; or
Art. 189. Adoption shall have the following effects:
Only ___________s may be adopted, except in the cases when the (2) When one spouse seeks to adopt the _____________
adoption of a person of majority age is allowed in this Title. child of the other. (29a, EO 91 and PD 603) (1) For civil purposes, the adopted shall be deemed to be a
_____________ child of the adopters and both shall acquire
In addition, the adopter must be at least sixteen years older than the Art. 186. In case husband and wife jointly adopt or one spouse adopts the reciprocal rights and obligations arising from the
person to be adopted, unless the adopter is the parent by nature of the the _____________ child of the other, joint parental authority shall be relationship of parent and child, including the right of the
adopted, or is the spouse of the _____________ parent of the person exercised by the spouses in accordance with this Code. (29a, EO and adopted to use the surname of the adopters;
to be adopted. (27a, EO 91 and PD 603) PD 603)
(2) The parental authority of the parents by nature over the
Art. 184. The following persons may not adopt: Art. 187. The following may not be adopted: adopted shall terminate and be vested in the adopters, except
that if the adopter is the spouse of the parent by nature of the
(1) A person of legal age, unless he or she is a child by adopted, parental authority over the adopted shall be
nature of the adopter or his or her spouse, or, prior to the exercised jointly by both spouses; and
 (3) The adopted shall remain an __________ heir of his may petition for judicial rescission of the adoption on the same Art. 105. Subject to the provisions of the succeeding articles, the
parents and other blood relatives. (39(1)a, (3)a, PD 603) grounds prescribed for dis__________ an ascendant. (40a, PD 603) following are obliged to _____________ each other to the whole
extent set forth in the preceding article:
Art. 190. Legal or __________ succession to the estate of the adopted Art. 192. The adopters may petition the court for the judicial
shall be governed by the following rules: rescission of the adoption in any of the following cases: (1) The spouses;

(1) _____________ and il_____________ children and (1) If the adopted has committed any act constituting ground (2) _____________ ascendants and descendants;
descendants and the surviving spouse of the adopted shall for dis__________ a descendant; or
inherit from the adopted, in accordance with the ordinary (3) Parents and their _____________ children and the
rules of legal or __________ succession; (2) When the adopted has abandoned the home of the _____________ and il_____________ children of the latter;
adopters during ___________ity for at least one year, or, by
(2) When the parents, _____________ or il_____________, some other acts, has definitely repudiated the adoption. (41a, (4) Parents and their il_____________ children and the
or the _____________ ascendants of the adopted concur PD 603) _____________ and il_____________ children of the latter;
with the adopter, they shall divide the entire estate, one-half and
to be inherited by the parents or ascendants and the other Art. 193. If the adopted ___________ has not reached the age of
half, by the adopters; majority at the time of the judicial rescission of the adoption, the court (5) _____________ brothers and sisters, whether of full or
in the same proceeding shall reinstate the parental authority of the half-blood (291a)
(3) When the surviving spouse or the il_____________ parents by nature, unless the latter are disqualified or incapacitated, in
children of the adopted concur with the adopters, they shall which case the court shall appoint a guardian over the person and Art. 196. Brothers and sisters not _____________ly related, whether
divide the entire estate in equal shares, one-half to be property of the ___________. If the adopted person is physically or of the full or half-blood, are likewise bound to _____________ each
inherited by the spouse or the il_____________ children of mentally handicapped, the court shall appoint in the same proceeding other to the full extent set forth in Article 194, except only when the
the adopted and the other half, by the adopters. a guardian over his person or property or both. need for _____________ of the brother or sister, being of age, is due
to a cause imputable to the claimant's fault or negligence. (291a)
(4) When the adopters concur with the il_____________ Judicial rescission of the adoption shall extinguish all reciprocal rights
children and the surviving spouse of the adopted, they shall and obligations between the adopters and the adopted arising from the Art. 197. In case of _____________ ascendants; descendants, whether
divide the entire estate in equal shares, one-third to be relationship of parent and child. The adopted shall likewise lose the _____________ or il_____________; and brothers and sisters,
inherited by the il_____________ children, one-third by the right to use the surnames of the adopters and shall resume his surname whether _____________ly or il_____________ly related, only the
surviving spouse, and one-third by the adopters; prior to the adoption. separate property of the person obliged to give _____________ shall
be answerable provided that in case the obligor has no separate
(5) When only the adopters survive, they shall inherit the The court shall accordingly order the amendment of the records in the property, the ___________ community or the ___________
entire estate; and proper registries. (42a, PD 603) partnership, if financially capable, shall advance the _____________,
which shall be deducted from the share of the spouse obliged upon the
(6) When only collateral blood relatives of the adopted Art. 194. _____________ compromises everything indispensable for ___________ of the ___________ community or of the ___________
survive, then the ordinary rules of legal or __________ sustenance, dwelling, clothing, medical attendance, education and partnership. (n)
succession shall apply. (39(4)a, PD 603) transportation, in keeping with the financial capacity of the family.
Art. 198. During the proceedings for legal _____________ or for
Art. 191. If the adopted is a ___________ or otherwise incapacitated, The education of the person entitled to be _____________ed referred annulment of marriage, and for declaration of nullity of marriage, the
the adoption may be judicially rescinded upon petition of any person to in the preceding paragraph shall include his schooling or training spouses and their children shall be _____________ed from the
authorized by the court or proper government instrumental acting on for some profession, trade or vocation, even beyond the age of properties of the ___________ community or the ___________
his behalf, on the same grounds prescribed for loss or suspension of majority. Transportation shall include expenses in going to and from partnership. After the final judgment granting the petition, the
parental authority. If the adopted is at least eighteen years of age, he school, or to and from place of work. (290a) obligation of mutual _____________ between the spouses ceases.
However, in case of legal _____________, the court may order that
the guilty spouse shall give _____________ to the __________ one, for maintenance, but it shall not be paid except from the date of Art. 209. Pursuant to the natural right and duty of parents over the
specifying the terms of such order. (292a) judicial or extrajudicial demand. person and property of their unemancipated children, parental
authority and responsibility shall include the caring for and rearing
Art. 199. Whenever two or more persons are obliged to give _____________ pendente lite may be claimed in accordance with the them for civic consciousness and efficiency and the development of
_____________, the liability shall devolve upon the following persons Rules of Court. their moral, mental and physical character and well-being. (n)
in the order herein provided:
Payment shall be made within the first five days of each Art. 210. Parental authority and responsibility may not be renounced
(1) The spouse; corresponding month or when the recipient dies, his heirs shall not be or transferred except in the cases authorized by law. (313a)
obliged to return what he has received in advance. (298a)
(2) The descendants in the nearest degree; Art. 211. The father and the mother shall jointly exercise parental
Art. 204. The person obliged to give _____________ shall have the authority over the persons of their common children. In case of
(3) The ascendants in the nearest degree; and option to fulfill the obligation either by paying the allowance fixed, or dis___________ , the father's decision shall prevail, unless there is a
by receiving and maintaining in the family dwelling the person who judicial order to the contrary.
(4) The brothers and sisters. (294a) has a right to receive _____________. The latter alternative cannot be
availed of in case there is a moral or legal obstacle thereto. (299a) Children shall always observe respect and reverence towards their
Art. 200. When the obligation to give _____________ falls upon two parents and are obliged to obey them as long as the children are under
or more persons, the payment of the same shall be divided between Art. 205. The right to receive _____________ under this Title as well parental authority. (311a)
them in proportion to the resources of each. as any money or property obtained as such _____________ shall not
be levied upon on attachment or execution. (302a) Art. 212. In case of absence or death of either parent, the parent
However, in case of urgent need and by special circumstances, the present shall continue exercising parental authority. The remarriage of
judge may order only one of them to furnish the _____________ Art. 206. When, without the knowledge of the person obliged to give the surviving parent shall not affect the parental authority over the
provisionally, without prejudice to his right to claim from the other _____________, it is given by a stranger, the latter shall have a right children, unless the court appoints another person to be the guardian
obligors the share due from them. to claim the same from the ________ , unless it appears that he gave it of the person or property of the children. (n)
without intention of being reimbursed. (2164a)
When two or more recipients at the same time claim _____________ Art. 213. In case of _____________ of the parents, parental authority
from one and the same person legally obliged to give it, should the Art. 207. When the person obliged to _____________ another shall be exercised by the parent designated by the Court. The Court
latter not have sufficient means to satisfy all claims, the order unjustly refuses or fails to give _____________ when urgently needed shall take into account all relevant considerations, especially the
established in the preceding article shall be followed, unless the by the latter, any third person may furnish _____________ to the choice of the child over seven years of age, unless the parent chosen is
concurrent obligees should be the spouse and a child subject to needy individual, with right of reimbursement from the person obliged unfit. (n)
parental authority, in which case the child shall be preferred. (295a) to give _____________. This Article shall particularly apply when the
father or mother of a child under the age of majority unjustly refuses Art. 214. In case of death, absence or unsuitability of the parents,
Art. 201. The amount of _____________, in the cases referred to in to _____________ or fails to give _____________ to the child when substitute parental authority shall be exercised by the surviving
Articles 195 and 196, shall be in proportion to the resources or means urgently needed. (2166a) grandparent. In case several survive, the one designated by the court,
of the giver and to the necessities of the recipient. (296a) taking into account the same consideration mentioned in the preceding
Art. 208. In case of contractual _____________ or that given by article, shall exercise the authority. (355a)
Art. 202. _____________ in the cases referred to in the preceding __________, the excess in amount beyond that required for legal
article shall be reduced or increased proportionately, according to the _____________ shall be subject to levy on attachment or execution. Art. 215. No descendant shall be compelled, in a criminal case, to
reduction or increase of the necessities of the recipient and the testify against his parents and grandparents, except when such
resources or means of the person obliged to furnish the same. (297a) Furthermore, contractual _____________ shall be subject to testimony is indispensable in a crime against the descendant or by one
adjustment whenever modification is necessary due to changes of parent against the other. (315a)
Art. 203. The obligation to give _____________ shall be demandable circumstances manifestly beyond the contemplation of the parties. (n)
from the time the person who has a right to receive the same needs it
Art. 216. In default of parents or a judicially appointed guardian, the All other cases not covered by this and the preceding articles shall be Art. 222. The courts may appoint a guardian of the child's property or
following person shall exercise substitute parental authority over the governed by the provisions of the Civil Code on quasi-delicts. (n) a guardian ad litem when the best interests of the child so requires.
child in the order indicated: (317)
Art. 220. The parents and those exercising parental authority shall
(1) The surviving grandparent, as provided in Art. 214; have with the respect to their unemancipated children on wards the Art. 223. The parents or, in their absence or incapacity, the individual,
following rights and duties: entity or institution exercising parental authority, may petition the
(2) The oldest brother or sister, over twenty-one years of age, proper court of the place where the child resides, for an order
unless unfit or disqualified; and (1) To keep them in their company, to _____________, providing for disciplinary measures over the child. The child shall be
educate and instruct them by right precept and good entitled to the assistance of counsel, either of his choice or appointed
(3) The child's actual custodian, over twenty-one years of example, and to provide for their upbringing in keeping with by the court, and a summary hearing shall be conducted wherein the
age, unless unfit or disqualified. their means; petitioner and the child shall be heard.

Whenever the appointment or a judicial guardian over the property of (2) To give them love and affection, advice and counsel, However, if in the same proceeding the court finds the petitioner at
the child becomes necessary, the same order of preference shall be companionship and understanding; fault, irrespective of the merits of the petition, or when the
observed. (349a, 351a, 354a) circumstances so warrant, the court may also order the deprivation or
(3) To provide them with moral and spiritual guidance, suspension of parental authority or adopt such other measures as it
Art. 217. In case of foundlings, abandoned neglected or abused inculcate in them honesty, integrity, self-discipline, self- may deem just and proper. (318a)
children and other children similarly situated, parental authority shall reliance, industry and thrift, stimulate their interest in civic
be entrusted in summary judicial proceedings to heads of children's affairs, and inspire in them _____________ with the duties Art. 224. The measures referred to in the preceding article may
homes, orphanages and similar institutions duly accredited by the of citizenship; include the commitment of the child for not more than thirty days in
proper government agency. (314a) entities or institutions engaged in child care or in children's homes
(4) To furnish them with good and wholesome educational duly accredited by the proper government agency.
Art. 218. The school, its administrators and teachers, or the individual, materials, supervise their activities, recreation and
entity or institution engaged in child are shall have special parental association with others, protect them from bad company, and The parent exercising parental authority shall not interfere with the
authority and responsibility over the ___________ child while under prevent them from acquiring habits detrimental to their care of the child whenever committed but shall provide for his
their supervision, instruction or ___________. health, studies and morals; _____________. Upon proper petition or at its own instance, the court
may terminate the commitment of the child whenever just and proper.
Authority and responsibility shall apply to all authorized activities (5) To represent them in all matters affecting their interests; (391a)
whether inside or outside the premises of the school, entity or
institution. (349a) (6) To demand from them respect and obedience; Art. 225. The father and the mother shall jointly exercise legal
guardianship over the property of the unemancipated common child
Art. 219. Those given the authority and responsibility under the (7) To impose discipline on them as may be required under without the necessity of a court appointment. In case of
preceding Article shall be principally and solidarily liable for damages the circumstances; and dis___________ , the father's decision shall prevail, unless there is a
caused by the acts or omissions of the unemancipated ___________. judicial order to the contrary.
The parents, judicial guardians or the persons exercising substitute (8) To perform such other duties as are imposed by law upon
parental authority over said ___________ shall be subsidiarily liable. parents and guardians. (316a) Where the market value of the property or the annual income of the
child exceeds P50,000, the parent concerned shall be required to
The respective liabilities of those referred to in the preceding furnish a bond in such amount as the court may determine, but not less
Art. 221. Parents and other persons exercising parental authority shall
paragraph shall not apply if it is proved that they exercised the proper than ten per centum (10%) of the value of the property or annual
be civilly liable for the injuries and damages caused by the acts or
diligence required under the particular circumstances. income, to guarantee the performance of the obligations prescribed for
omissions of their unemancipated children living in their company and
general guardians.
under their parental authority subject to the appropriate defenses
provided by law. (2180(2)a and (4)a )
A verified petition for approval of the bond shall be filed in the proper Art. 229. Unless subsequently revived by a final judgment, parental or adopt such other measures as may be proper under the
court of the place where the child resides, or, if the child resides in a authority also terminates: circumstances.
foreign country, in the proper court of the place where the property or
any part thereof is situated. (1) Upon adoption of the child; The suspension or deprivation may be revoked and the parental
authority revived in a case filed for the purpose or in the same
The petition shall be docketed as a summary special proceeding in (2) Upon appointment of a general guardian; proceeding if the court finds that the cause therefor has ceased and
which all incidents and issues regarding the performance of the __________ not be repeated. (33a)
obligations referred to in the second paragraph of this Article shall be (3) Upon judicial declaration of abandonment of the child in
heard and resolved. a case filed for the purpose; Art. 232. If the person exercising parental authority has subjected the
child or allowed him to be subjected to sexual abuse, such person shall
The ordinary rules on guardianship shall be merely suppletory except (4) Upon final judgment of a competent court divesting the be permanently deprived by the court of such authority. (n)
when the child is under substitute parental authority, or the guardian is party concerned of parental authority; or
a stranger, or a parent has remarried, in which case the ordinary rules Art. 233. The person exercising substitute parental authority shall
on guardianship shall apply. (320a) (5) Upon judicial declaration of absence or incapacity of the have the same authority over the person of the child as the parents.
person exercising parental authority. (327a)
Art. 226. The property of the unemancipated child earned or acquired In no case shall the school administrator, teacher of individual
with his work or industry or by onerous or gratuitous title shall belong Art. 230. Parental authority is suspended upon conviction of the parent engaged in child care exercising special parental authority inflict
to the child in ownership and shall be devoted exclusively to the or the person exercising the same of a crime which carries with it the corporal punishment upon the child. (n)
latter's _____________ and education, unless the title or transfer penalty of civil interdiction. The authority is automatically reinstated
provides otherwise. upon service of the penalty or upon pardon or amnesty of the offender.
(330a)
The right of the parents over the fruits and income of the child's
property shall be limited primarily to the child's _____________ and Art. 231. The court in an _____________ filed for the purpose in a
secondarily to the collective daily needs of the family. (321a, 323a) related case may also suspend parental authority if the parent or the
person exercising the same:
Art. 227. If the parents entrust the management or administration of
any of their properties to an unemancipated child, the net proceeds of (1) Treats the child with excessive harshness or cruelty;
such property shall belong to the owner. The child shall be given a
reasonable monthly allowance in an amount not less than that which
(2) Gives the child corrupting orders, counsel or example;
the owner would have paid if the administrator were a stranger, unless
the owner, grants the entire proceeds to the child. In any case, the
(3) Compels the child to beg; or
proceeds thus give in whole or in part shall not be charged to the
child's legitime. (322a)
(4) Subjects the child or allows him to be subjected to acts of
lasciviousness.
Art. 228. Parental authority terminates permanently:

The grounds enumerated above are deemed to include cases which

If the degree of seriousness so warrants, or the welfare of the child so