BADMINTON

HISTORY
Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net. Although it
may be played with larger teams, the most common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per
side) and "doubles" (with two players per side). Badminton is often played as a casual outdoor activity in a
yard or on a beach; formal games are played on a rectangular indoor court. Points are scored by striking the
shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it within the opposing side's half of the court.
Games employing shuttlecocks have been played for centuries across Eurasia, but the modern
game of badminton developed in the mid-19th century among the British as a variant of the earlier game
of battledore and shuttlecock. ("Battledore" was an older term for "racquet".) Its exact origin remains
obscure. The name derives from the Duke of Beaufort's Badminton House in Gloucestershire, but why or
when remains unclear. As early as 1860, a London toy dealer named Isaac Spratt published a booklet
entitled Badminton Battledore – A New Game, but no copy is known to have survived. An 1863 article in
The Cornhill Magazine describes badminton as "battledore and shuttlecock played with sides, across a
string suspended some five feet from the ground".
The game may have originally developed among expatriate officers in British India, where it was
very popular by the 1870s. Ball badminton, a form of the game played with a wool ball instead of a
shuttlecock, was being played in Thanjavur as early as the 1850s and was at first played interchangeably
with badminton by the British, the woollen ball being preferred in windy or wet weather.
Early on, the game was also known as Poona or Poonah after the garrison town of Poona, where it
was particularly popular and where the first rules for the game were drawn up in 1873. By 1875, officers
returning home had started a badminton club in Folkestone. Initially, the sport was played with sides
ranging from 1 to 4 players, but it was quickly established that games between two or four competitors
worked the best. The shuttlecocks were coated with India rubber and, in outdoor play, sometimes weighted
with lead. Although the depth of the net was of no consequence, it was preferred that it should reach the
ground.
The sport was played under the Pune rules until 1887, when J. H. E. Hart of the Bath Badminton
Club drew up revised regulations. In 1890, Hart and Bagnel Wild again revised the rules. The Badminton
Association of England (BAE) published these rules in 1893 and officially launched the sport at a house
called "Dunbar" in Portsmouth on 13 September. The BAE started the first badminton competition, the All
England Open Badminton Championships for gentlemen's doubles, ladies' doubles, and mixed doubles, in
1899. Singles competitions were added in 1900 and an England–Ireland championship match appeared in
1904.
England, Scotland, Wales, Canada, Denmark, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, and New Zealand
were the founding members of the International Badminton Federation in 1934, now known as the
Badminton World Federation. India joined as an affiliate in 1936. The BWF now governs international
badminton. Although initiated in England, competitive men's badminton has traditionally been dominated
in Europe by Denmark. Worldwide, Asian nations have become dominant in international competition.
China, Denmark, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, South Korea, Taiwan (as Chinese Taipei) and Japan are the
nations which have consistently produced world- class players in the past few decades, with China being
the greatest force in men's and women's competition recently.
The game has also become a popular backyard sport in the United States.
EQUIPMENTS
Name Image Measurement(s)
16 feathers fixed in a cork base
enveloped in a thin leather sheet
Shuttlecock Weight: 4.74 to 5.50 grams

1.55 meters (5 feet 1 inch) from

Posts
the ground

Net 1.524 meters (5 feet) .

Length: 13.4 meters

Width: 6.1 meters
Court Center Line to Front Line:
1.98 m
Front Line to End Line: 6m

Racquets Weight: 70-95 grams

 Select a close-fitting shirt.

 Choose a sports bra (girls)
Jersey Shoes  Select a pair of spandex shorts
 Pick a pair of gum-sole shoes
 No Jewelries

The Selection of the Badminton Racket

  STRINGED AREA – is intended to hit the shuttle. Itis of uniform pattern and does not exceed
280 mm(11 in.) in length and 220mm (8 5/8 in.) in width.
 HEAD – bounds the stringed area.
 THROAT – (if present) connects the shaft to the head.
 SHAFT – connects the handle to the head.
 FERRULE –firmly connects the shaft and the handle.
 HANDLE –is intended for the player’s grip.
 BUTT – is located at the tip of the handle.
 FRAME – includes head, the throat, shaft, and the handle. It is no more than 680mm. (2ft 2
¼in.) or wider than 230 (9 in.).

SHUTTLECOCK
Shuttlecock
– is the official name given to the shuttle or bird. It is made up of16 goose feathers and is firmly fixed in a
leather covered cockhead. It weights from4.74 – 5.50g (75-85grains) it may be made of feathers, plastic or
nylon.

Court – Although courts can be set outdoors, competitive badminton is generally played indoor where the
wind and other elements will not affect the shuttle. The official badminton court is 20ft.wide, while the
singles court is 17ft.wide.

 BACKCOURT – also called the rear court. The backcourt

is 8 ft. of the court, including the back alley.
 BASELINE – also called the backline; back boundary
line at each end of the end of the court parallel to the net
and the doubles long service line.
 LONG SERVICE LINE, in SINGLES – the back-
boundary line (baseline); in DOUBLES, the line 2 ½ ft.
inside the back-boundary line. Any serve landing behind
this line is out.
 THE MID-COURT – the middle third of the court from
the short service line to the back third, a distance of about
7½ ft.
 SERVICE COURT – area into where the service must be declined. A service may be made to the
 right or left service court depending on the score.
 SHORT SERVICE LINE – the line 6 ½ ft. from and parallel to the net. A service must land on or
behind it to be legal.

SERVING COURT-SINGLES – is bound by the short service line, the long service line, the center line,
the singles sideline, and the back-boundary line of the court. The server must stand within this court, with
his feet not touching any lines. The server should serve diagonally over the net of his opponent’s singles
service court in order to have a legal serve.

SERVINGCOURT –DOUBLES
The serving court for doubles is bound by the short service line, the centerline, the doubles sideline and
the long service line. The server must stand within this court, with
his feet not touching any lines. The line server must serve diagonally over the net into his opponent’s
doubles service court in order to have a legal serve.
The area from the net to the short service line is known as the “forecourt.” From the short, service line to,
roughly, the doubles long service is the “mid-court”, and the remainder to the back-boundary line is called
the “rear court.”
In doubles, the spaces between the parallel sidelines, between the parallel double’s sidelines, between the
parallel doubles long service line, and the back-boundary line are known as “tramlines.” The spaces at the
rear courting the corners between the sidelines are the “back boxes.”
Posts – should stand 1.55m(5 ft. 1 in) in height from the surface of the court. They must be placed on the
doubles sidelines. For singles as well as for doubles, they must also be firm to take the necessary tension
when the net is strained across to its full height. There should be no gap between the post and the net
through which a shuttle could pass. This can be ensured by the use of hooks down the inside of the ports
and a draw-cord along the bottom of the net.
Net – At all times this should be strained tightly so that its height from the floor is 1.524m(5ft) long,
should be kept by the umpires chair to facilitate regular testing to ensure that the net is still at its correct
central height and has not sagged.

RULES
SCORING SYSTEM
1. A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points.
2. Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored.
3. The side winning a rally adds a point to its score.
4. At 20 all, the side which gains a 2 point lead first, wins that game.
5. At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins that game.
6. The side winning a game serves first in the next game.

INTERVAL AND CHANGE OF ENDS

 When the leading score reaches 11 points, players have a 60 second interval.
 A 2 minute interval between each game is allowed.
 In the third game, players change ends when the leading score reaches 11 points.

SINGLES

 At the beginning of the game (0-0) and when the server’s score is even, the server serves from the
right service court. When the server’s score is odd, the server serves from the left service court.
 If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point and then serves again from the alternate service
court.
 If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a point and becomes the new server. They serve
from the appropriate service court – left if their score is odd, and right if it is even.

DOUBLES
 A side has only one ‘set’.
 The service passes consecutively to the players as shown in the diagram.
 At the beginning of the game and when the score is even, the server serves from the right service
court. When it is odd, the server serves from the left court.
 If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same server serves again
from the alternate service court.
 If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The receiving side becomes the
new serving side.
 The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point when their side is
serving.
ERRORS
If players commit an error in the service court, the error is corrected when the mistake is discovered.
In a doubles match between A & B against C & D. A & B won the toss and decided to serve. A to serve to
C. A shall be the initial server while C shall be the initial receiver.