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Precipitation Titration
Precipitation Titration
PRECIPITATION TITRATION
PRECIPITATION REACTION
Precipitation refers to a chemical reaction that occurs in aqueous
solution when two ions bond together to form an insoluble salt, which is
known as the precipitate.
A precipitation reaction can occur when two solutions containing
different salts are mixed, and a cation/anion pair in the resulting
combined solution forms an insoluble salt; this salt then precipitates out
of solution.
The following is a common laboratory example of a precipitation
reaction. Aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO3) is added to a solution
containing potassium chloride (KCl), and the precipitation of a white
solid, silver chloride (AgCl), is observed:
AgNO3 (aq) + KCl (aq) → AgCl (s) + KNO3(aq)
This reaction can be also be written in terms of the individual dissociated
ions in the combined solution. This is known as the completeionic equation:
Ag+ (aq) + NO3−(aq) + K+ (aq) + Cl−(aq) → AgCl(s) + K+ (aq) + NO3−(aq)
PRECIPITATION TITRATION
Titration:
1. Standard Solution: 0.1N AgNO3 in burette.
2. Sample Solution: 25 ml NaCl in clean conical flask.
3. Indicator: 1 ml K2CrO4 (Potassium Chromate) in conical flask
4. End Point: Brick Red Precipitate
5. Blank Titration: Perform the blank titration taking 25 ml
water in place of sample.
Organic Indicators used in Mohr’s Method:
O O
O O Na -
HO O
O O Na -
O OH
O O
Sodium Rhodizonate Tetra hydroxy quinonine
VOLHARD’S METHOD
Theory
The method is used for the determination of silver.
The titration of Ag+ ions in acidic medium is done with a standard
Potassum thiocyanate solution (KSCN).
Ferric ion is used as indicator.
When all silver ions have been precipitated, the extra drop of
thiocyanate combines with Fe3+ ion to form a blood-red coloured
complex and it marks the end point.
Reaction
+ 3+
Ag + SCN- AgCNS
Fe + 3SCN- Fe(CNS) 3
Primary
Adsorption Layer