A Micro-Project Report ON "RO Plant": Guided by
A Micro-Project Report ON "RO Plant": Guided by
Micro-Project Report
ON
“RO plant”
Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Diploma in Computer Engineering
Guided By
Prof. Padwal P.L.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work entitled
“RO plant”
is
Submitted by
ATUL PAWAR [1914660030]
Date:
Place: Mhasne Phata, Parner
Environmental studies are all about learning the way we should live and how we can
develop sustainable strategies to protect the environment. It helps individuals to develop an
understanding of living and physical environment and how to resolve challenging environmental
issues affecting nature. It also emphasizes the need to conserve biodiversity and adopt a more
sustainable lifestyle and utilize resources in a responsible way.
Reverse osmosis systems usually last between 10 and 15 years. While the systems
themselves have a long lifespan, the RO membrane and filters need replacing periodically. The
prefilters and post filters should be changed every 6 months to 1 year. Depending on your water
conditions, the RO membrane should be replaced every 2-4 years.
4.0Resources Required:
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Micro-Project Report
“RO plant”
Reverse osmosis removes contaminants from unfiltered water, or feed water, when
pressure forces it through a semipermeable membrane. Water flows from the more concentrated
side (more contaminants) of the RO membrane to the less concentrated side (fewer
contaminants) to provide clean drinking water. The fresh water produced is called the permeate.
The concentrated water left over is called the waste or brine. A semipermeable membrane has
small pores that block contaminants but allow water molecules to flow through. In osmosis,
water becomes more concentrated as it passes through the membrane to obtain equilibrium on
both sides. Reverse osmosis, however, blocks contaminants from entering the less concentrated
side of the membrane. For example, when pressure is applied to a volume of saltwater during
reverse osmosis, the salt is left behind and only clean water flows through.
The RO membrane is the focal point of a reverse osmosis system, but an RO system also
includes other types of filtration. RO systems are made up of 3, 4, or 5 stages of filtration. Every
reverse osmosis water system contains a sediment filter and a carbon filter in addition to the RO
membrane. The filters are called either prefilters or post filters depending on whether water
passes through them before or after it passes through the membrane.
1. Add a permeate pump. Installing a permeate pump to a reverse osmosis system is the best
way to increase its efficiency. Permeate pumps reduce the wastewater from an RO system by
75 to 80%. Not every reverse osmosis system is designed to use one, so make sure the one
you choose is plumbed for an additional pump.
2. Choose an RO system with an automatic shut off valve. An ASO valve stops the flow of
water to the drain once the storage tank is full.
3. Use the RO reject water for landscaping or artificial lakes. Drain water has higher levels of
total dissolved solids (TDS), but it’s safe to use in your lawn or garden.
A reverse osmosis system sends water with rejected contaminants down the drain as
wastewater, unlike other filters that trap contaminants. As water flows through the system, it’s
divided into two streams. One stream carries the filtered water to a dedicated faucet, and the
other stream carries the removed salts, dissolved pollutants, and minerals to the drain.
The brine or “wastewater” carries rejected contaminants from a reverse osmosis system to
the drain. 4 gallons of water exits the drain for every gallon of water produced. But the brine
water is used for a purpose, so it’s not exactly wasted. The wastewater in an RO system helps
clean the water, just like a dishwasher uses water to clean dishes or a washing machine uses
water to clean clothes. However, it’s our job in caring for the environment to minimize the
amount of water sent to the drain and increase the efficiency of the RO system.
1. Fluoride
2. Salt
3. Sediment
4. Chlorine
5. Arsenic
6. VOCs
7. Herbicides and pesticides
8. Many other contaminants
2.0 Course Outcomes Integrated:
1. Apply techniques to reduce Environmental Pollution.
2. Conserve Ecosystem and Biodiversity.
Reverse osmosis removes contaminants from unfiltered water, or feed water, when
pressure forces it through a semipermeable membrane. Water flows from the more concentrated
side (more contaminants) of the RO membrane to the less concentrated side (fewer
contaminants) to provide clean drinking water. The fresh water produced is called the permeate.
The concentrated water left over is called the waste or brine.
A semipermeable membrane has small pores that block contaminants but allow water
molecules to flow through. In osmosis, water becomes more concentrated as it passes through the
membrane to obtain equilibrium on both sides. Reverse osmosis, however, blocks contaminants
from entering the less concentrated side of the membrane. For example, when pressure is applied
to a volume of saltwater during reverse osmosis, the salt is left behind and only clean water flows
through.
Stages of RO systems:
The RO membrane is the focal point of a reverse osmosis system, but an RO system also
includes other types of filtration. RO systems are made up of 3, 4, or 5 stages of
filtration. Every reverse osmosis water system contains a sediment filter and a carbon
filter in addition to the RO membrane. The filters are called either prefilters or
postfilters depending on whether water passes through them before or after
it passes through the membrane.
More better Knowledge of new concepts. Clear a new concept RO plant of Take a
knowledge of error handling. New better technology knowledge concepts are RO plant
implement skill is well developed from this project gain skill of how to gather the information
about to be created Also many concepts like.
6.0 Reference:
1. ort/https://projectreportbank.com/product/ro-drinking-water-project-rep
2. https://pdfcoffee.com/ro-water-plant-project-report-pdf-free.html
Teacher Evaluation Sheet
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Note:
Every course teacher is expected to assign marks for group evolution in first 3 columns &
individual evaluation in 4th columns for each group of students as per rubrics.
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