COMPARATIVE POLICE SYSTEM

1998 - Asean Chiefs of Police (Aseanapol) was estabished. Lowest Ranking Officer - 2nd Patrolman
2. Armenia -  
      Members Aseanapol  Name of Police Agency - Police of the Republic of Armenia
      1. Indonesia Under What Department - Ministry of Defense
      2. Malaysia Highest Ranking Officer - Police Colonel General
      3. Philippines  Lowest Ranking Officer - Junior Sergeant
      4. Singapore 3. Azerbaijan -
      5. Thailand Name of Police Agency - National Police of the Republic of Azerbaijan
      6. Brunei Darussalam  Under What Department - Ministry of the Internal Affairs
      7. Vietnam                 Highest Ranking Officer -
      8. Laos PDR                 Lowest Ranking Officer -
      9. Myanmar 4. Bahrain -  
      10.Cambodia  Name of Police Agency - Bahrain National Police
Under What Department - Ministry of Interior
Abu Sayyaf - Abu means father and sayyaf means swordsmith, is a militant Islamist                 Highest Ranking Officer -
group based in and around Jolo and Basilan,                 Lowest Ranking Officer -
Philippines. 5. Bangladesh -
Name of Police Agency - Bangladesh Police Under What Department - Ministry of
Al Qaeda - literally means the base, a global militant Islamist organization founded by Home Affairs
Osama bin Laden, Abdullah Azzam, and several other militants.  Highest Ranking Officer - Inspector General of Police
 Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable
Apostasy -  is defined as the conscious abandonment of Islam by a Muslim in word or 6. Bhutan -  
through deed. It includes the act of converting to another religion by a person who was Name of Police Agency - Royal Bhutan Police
born in a Muslim family or who had previously accepted Islam. Under What Department - Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs
Highest Ranking Officer - Gagpeon (Chief of Police)
Arvan Tavnii Tsagdaa - The National Police Agency of Mongolia. Created in 1965 and Lowest Ranking Officer - Gagpa
with its headquarters in the capital Ulaanbaatar. 7. Brunei -  
  Name of Police Agency - Royal Brunei Police Force
Asean Police - Comparison Under What Department - Home Affairs Ministry
1. Afghanistan - Name of Police Agency - ANP (Afghanistan National Police)                 Highest Ranking Officer -
Under What Department - Ministry of the Interior Highest Ranking Officer - Police                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable
General 8. Myanmar -    Name of Police Agency - Myanmar Police Force
                Under What Department - Ministry of Home Affairs
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                Highest Ranking Officer - Police Major General                 Highest Ranking Officer - Police General
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Private                 Lowest Ranking Officer - 2nd Bhayangkar
9. Cambodia -   Name of Police Agency - Cambodian Police Force 17.Iran -       Name of Police Agency - Iranian National Police
                Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Affairs                 Under What Department - Ministry of Interior and Justice
                Highest Ranking Officer - Brigadier General                 Highest Ranking Officer -
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Officer Cadet                 Lowest Ranking Officer -
10.Peoples Republic of China - Name of Police Agency - Peoples Armed 18.Iraq -       Name of Police Agency - Iraqi Police Service
                                                       Police Force                 Under What Department - Ministry of Interior
                Under What Department - Ministry of Public Security                 Highest Ranking Officer - Chief of Police
                Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner General                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Patrolman
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable 2nd Class 19.Israel -     Name of Police Agency - Israeli Police Force
11.Cyprus -     Name of Police Agency - Cyprus Police Force                 Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Security
                Under What Department - Ministry of Justice                 Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner
                Highest Ranking Officer - Chief of Police                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable 20.Japan -      Name of Police Agency - National Police Agency
12.East Timor - Name of Police Agency - National Police of East Timor                 Under What Department - National Public Safety Commission
                Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Affairs                 Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner General
                Highest Ranking Officer -                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Officer
                Lowest Ranking Officer - 21.Jordan -     Name of Police Agency - Public security Force
13.Georgia -    Name of Police Agency - Georgian National Police                 Under What Department - Public Security Directorate of
                Under What Department - Department of Public Safety                                         the Ministry of Interior
                Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner of Police                 Highest Ranking Officer -
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable                 Lowest Ranking Officer -
14.Hongkong -   Name of Police Agency - Hongkong Police Force 22.Kazakhstan - Name of Police Agency - National Police of Kazakhstan
                Under What Department - Operations and Support                 Under What Department - National Security Committee of
                Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner of Police                                         Ministry of internal Affairs
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable                 Highest Ranking Officer - Procurator General
15.India -      Name of Police Agency - Indian Police Service                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Ryadovoy
                Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Affairs 23.North Korea - Name of Police Agency - National Police Agency
                Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner                 Under What Department - Ministry of Public Security
                Lowest Ranking Officer -                 Highest Ranking Officer - Daewon (Grand Marshall)
16.Indonesia -  Name of Police Agency - Indonesian National Police                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Chonsa (Private)
                Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Affairs 24.South Korea - Name of Police Agency - Korea National Police Agency (KNPA)
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                Under What Department - Ministry of Government Administration                 Under What Department - Ministry of Justice and Home Affairs
                                        and Home Affairs                 Highest Ranking Officer - General
                Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner General                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Private
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Officer 33.Nepal -      Name of Police Agency - Nepal Police Force
25.Kuwait -     Name of Police Agency - Kuwait National Police                 Under What Department - Ministry of Home Affairs
                Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Affairs                 Highest Ranking Officer - Inspector General
                Highest Ranking Officer - Lieutenant General                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable 34.Oman -       Name of Police Agency - Royal Oman Police
26.Kyrgyzstan -  Name of Police Agency - Kyrgyzstan Police                 Under What Department - Ministry of Interior
                Under What Department - Ministry of Interior                 Highest Ranking Officer - Lieutenant General
                Highest Ranking Officer - General                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Conscript
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Officer
27.Laos -       Name of Police Agency - Laos National Police
                Under What Department - Ministry of Public Security 35.Pakistan -   Name of Police Agency - Pakistan Police Force
                Highest Ranking Officer - General                 Under What Department - Ministry of Interior
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable                 Highest Ranking Officer - Inspector General
28.Lebanon -    Name of Police Agency - International Security Forces                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable
                Under What Department - Ministry of Interior 36.Papua New Guinea - Name of Police Agency - Royal Papua New Guinea
                Highest Ranking Officer - Director General                                               Constabulary
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Gendarme                 Under What Department -
29.Macau -      Name of Police Agency - Macau National Police Force                 Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner of Police
                Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Affairs                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Kiap (Patrol Officer)
                Highest Ranking Officer - Superintendent 37.Philippines - Name of Police Agency - Philippine National Police
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Guard                 Under What Department - Department of Interior and
30.Malaysia -   Name of Police Agency - Royal Malaysian Police                                         Local Government
                Under What Department - Ministry of Home Affairs                 Highest Ranking Officer - Director General
                Highest Ranking Officer - Inspector General of Police                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Officer 1
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable 38.Qatar -      Name of Police Agency - Qatar National Police
31.Maldives -   Name of Police Agency - Maldives Police                 Under What Department - Ministry of Interior
                Under What Department - National Security and Defense Branch                 Highest Ranking Officer -
                Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner of Police                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Shurti
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Lance Constable 39.Russia -     Name of Police Agency - Militsiya
32.Mongolia -   Name of Police Agency - Mongolia Public Security Force                 Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Affairs
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                Highest Ranking Officer - Police Colonel                 Highest Ranking Officer -

                Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Cadet                 Lowest Ranking Officer -
40.Saudi Arabia - Name of Police Agency - Departmemnt of Security 48.UAE Dubai -  Name of Police Agency - National Police Forces
                Under What Department -                 Under What Department - Ministry of Interior
                Highest Ranking Officer -                 Highest Ranking Officer - General Commander
                Lowest Ranking Officer -                 Lowest Ranking Officer -
41.Singapore -  Name of Police Agency - Singapore Police Force 49.Uzbekistan - Name of Police Agency - Uzbekistan Police Force
                Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Affairs                 Under What Department - Ministry of Interior
                Highest Ranking Officer - Commissioner of Police                 Highest Ranking Officer - Director General
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Constable                 Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable
42.Sri Lanka -  Name of Police Agency - Sri Lanka Police Service 50.Vietnam -    Name of Police Agency - Peoples Police of Vietnam
                Under What Department - Defense Ministry                 Under What Department - Ministry of Public Security
                Highest Ranking Officer - Inspector General of Police                 Highest Ranking Officer - General
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Constable Class 4                 Lowest Ranking Officer -
43.Syria -      Name of Police Agency - Syria Public Security Police 51.Yemen -      Name of Police Agency - Yemen National Police Force
                Under What Department - Ministry of Interior                 Under What Department - Ministry of Interior
                Highest Ranking Officer - Director General                 Highest Ranking Officer -
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Private                 Lowest Ranking Officer -
44.Taiwan -     Name of Police Agency - National Police Agency
                Under What Department - Ministry of Interior Basic Functions of Criminal Justice System
                Highest Ranking Officer - Police Supervisor General 1. Policing
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Rank 4 2. Adjudication
45.Thailand -   Name of Police Agency - Royal Thai Police Force 3. Correction
                Under What Department - Ministry of Interior
                Highest Ranking Officer - Police General Centralized Police - A country with only one recognized police force
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Constable which operates entire that country. It uses a centralized system of
46.Turkey -     Name of Police Agency - Turkish Police policing.  Philippines is an example of centralized police because
                Under What Department - Ministry of Internal Affairs the Philippine National Police has one central office with many
                Highest Ranking Officer - Director General regional, provincial and local branches throughout the country.
                Lowest Ranking Officer - Police Officer\
47.Turkmenistan - Name of Police Agency - Turkmenistan National Police       Decentralized police - refers to a system where police
                                          Force       administrations and operations are independent from one state
                Under What Department - Ministry of State Security       to another. It is more applicable to countries with federal
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      government.       Theory of anomie and synomie - (the latter being a term

      referring to social cohesion on values), suggests that
      progressive lifestyle and norms result in the disintegration
Comparative Criminology - Theories (Scheider)       of older norms that once held people together (anomie).
      Alertness to crime theory - is that as a nation develops,
      people’s alertness to crime is heightened, so they report more Chusai-san - the rural police officer in Japan.
      crime to police and also demand the police become moreeffective
      at solving crime problems. Comparative Criminal Justice - it is as subfield of the study of
criminal justice systems worldwide. It studies the similarities and
Chowkidar - in India, means one who inhabits a "chowki", police station differences in structure, goals, punishment and emphasis on rights
or guard house. as well as the history and political stature of different systems.

      Economic or migration theory - is that crime everywhere is Comparative Police System - it is the science and art of investigating
      the result of unrestrained migration and over population in and comparing the police system of nations. It covers the study of
      urban areas such as ghettos and slums. police organizations, trainings and methods of policing of various nations.

     Opportunity theory - is that along with higher standards of Confucian thought - The belief that social order can be achieved
      living, victims become more careless of their belongings, through moral and political reform because man is by nature good or
      and opportunities for committing crime multiply. capable of goodness.

      Demographic theory - is based on the event of when a greater Countries With Less Or No Crime
      number of children are being born, because as these baby booms 1. Switzerland
      grow up, delinquent subcultures develop out of the adolescent 2. Japan
      identity crisis. Deprivation theory holds that progress comes 3. Ireland
      along with rising expectations, and people at the bottom develop 4. Egypt - Siwa Oasis
      unrealistic expectations while people at the top don’t see
      themselves rising fast enough. Cybercrimes - are generally defined as any type of illegal activity
that makes use of the Internet, a private or public network, or an
      Modernization theory - sees the problem as society becoming too in-house computer system.
      complex.
      Cyberstalking - a technologically based attack on person because
      of anger, revenge, or control.

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      Computer Fraud - altering data or gaining unlawful use of       EUROPOL's Mandate

      computer or services.       1. llicit drug trafficking
      2. Illicit immigration networks;
      Identity Theft - using another's personal information to commit       3. Terrorism; Forgery of money (counterfeiting of the euro)
      fraud or other crimes.          and other means of payment;
      4. Trafficking in human beings (including child pornography);
      Computer Viruses - a program that copies itself and infects a       5. Illicit vehicle trafficking;
      computer.       6. Money laundering

      Denial of Service Attacks - making service unavailable to users. Gendarmerie Nationale - is the national rural police force of Algeria.

      Malware - malicious software that interferes with the functioning       National Gendarmerie - is a branch of the French Armed Forces,
      of computers and sending data of user over the internet.       in charge of public safety, with police duties among the
      civilian population.
      Information warfare - attacks on information and computer systems.
  Globalization -  is a process of interaction and integration among
Different Police Global Organizations the people, companies,and government of different nations, as process
1. ASEAN Chiefs of Police driven by international trade and investment and aided by information
2. Europol technology.
3. IACP
4. Interpol Hezbollah - literally means "Party of God", is a Shi'a Islamist militant
5. UN policing group and political party based in Lebanon.

Drug Trafficking - Drug trafficking is the commercial exchange of drugs Hongkong Police Force - It is the world's second, and Asia's first,
and drug paraphernalia. This include any equipment used to manufacture police agency to operate with a modern policing system.
illegal drugs or use them.
Human Trafficking - the illegal movement of people, typically for the
Elliniki Astynomia - is the national police service of Greece. purposes of forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation.

EUROPOL - It means European Police Office or Europol. Europol is the IACP - (International Association of Chiefs of Police) the world’s
European Union’s criminal intelligence agency. It became fully oldest and largest nonprofit membership organization of police
operational on July 1,1999. Europol only acts on request at present. executives, with over 20,000 members in over 80 different countries.
IACP’s leadership consists of the operating chief executes of
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international, federal, state and local agencies of all sizes. Islamist terrorist organization dedicated to the establishment of a
regional Islamic caliphate in Southeast Asia.
Illegal Drug Trade - the term being used in the international scene,
it is a more comprehensive term than drug trafficking as it includes Jolly R. Bugarin - a Filipino former President of the Interpol, from
cultivation and manufacture. 1980 to 1984. He is the only Filipino who had achieved that feat.

International Crime - Defined as crimes against the peace and security Koban - is a small neighborhood police station found in Japan. Often
of mankind. translated to English as Police Box. Koban are staffed by a relatively
small number of police officers (usually 3-5 officers).
      International Crimes
      1. Aggression (by one state against another)       Chuzaisho - (residential police box) is usually staffed by a
      2. Treat of aggression       single officer. The Chuzaisho is typically located outside of
      3. Genocide (destroying a national, ethnic, racial, or       urban districts in villages and is operated by one community
         religious group)       officer, who resides with his family in this police facility.
      4. Terrorism
      5. Drug trafficking       Hashutsusho -  (police box) The Hashutsusho is typically placed
      in an urban district and is operated by a number of community
      police officers who work under a shift system. The community
      officers generally live in the jurisdiction served by the
International Criminal Justice - It involves the study and description       Hashutsusho.
of one country’s law, criminal procedure, or justice. Comparative
criminal justice system attempts to build on the knowledge of criminal Model System - is used to described the countries being used as
justice in one country by investigating and evaluating, in terms of topics of discussion.These countries are chosen not because they are
another country,culture, or institution. greater than others but because they are thefocus of comparison
being studied.
Interpol - (International Criminal Police Organization)  It began in
1923,and at the same time its name was International Criminal Money Laundering - the concealment of the origins of illegally obtained
Police Commission. In 1956, its name became International Criminal money, typically by means of transfers involving foreign banks or
Police Organization. Slowly, the name of this international organization legitimate businesses.
became famous as Interpol. Now,Interpol is the second biggest
international organization; the United Nations is the first. Mutawa - religious police in Saudi Arabia whose duty is to ensure
strict adherence to established codes of conduct.
Jemaah Islamiyah - (Islamic Congregation) is a Southeast Asian militant
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National Public Safety Commission - is the policy making and oversight

body of the national police forces in Japan and South Korea. RA 9372 - Human Security Act of 2007.

Ngā Pirihimana o Aotearoa - it literally means "the policeman", is the RA 9995 - Anti-Photo and Voyeurism Act of 2009.
national police force of New Zealand. Policing in New Zealand started
in 1840. Schupo - (Schutzpolizei), the state level police of the German States.

Palermo Protocols - are three protocols that were adopted by the Taliban - means "students", is an Islamic
fundamentalist political
United Nations to supplement the 2000 Convention against Transnational movement in Afghanistan.
Organized Crime. They are: Terrorism - the unofficial or unauthorized use of violence and
intimidation in the pursuit of political aims.
      1. The Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in
         Persons, especially Women and Children; and Transnational Crime - It is a term that has been used in comparative
      2. The Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, and international criminal justice study in recent years to reflect
         Sea and Air. the complexity and enormity of global crime issues. It is defined
      3. The Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing and Trafficking by the United Nations (UN) offences whose inception, proportion
         in Firearms, Their Parts and Components and Ammunition and/or direct or indirect effects involve in more than one country.
   
POLRI - (Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia) Indonesian National Police.       Examples of Transnational Crimes
The Chief of Police of Indonesia is called Kapolri.       1. Money laundering
      2. Drug trafficking
Police Box - is a British telephone kiosk or callbox located in a public       3. Terrorism
place for the use of members of the police, or for members of the public       4. Human trafficking
to contact the police. Most are disused at present with the advent of       5. Cyber crime
two way radio and mobile phones.
Transnational Organized Crime - involves the planning and execution
Polis Diraja - the Royal Malaysia police. of illicit business ventures by groups or networks of individuals
working in more than one country. These criminal groups use systematic
RA 8792 - Electronic Commerce Act of 2000. violence and corruption to achieve their goal. Crimes commonly
include money laundering; human smuggling; cyber crime; and
RA 9208 - The Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003. trafficking of humans, drugs, weapons,endangered species, body parts,
or nuclear material.
RA 9165 - Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002.
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Types of Court Systems of the World

1. Adversarial System - the accused is innocent until proven guilty.
2. Inquisitorial System - the accused is guilty until proven innocent.

Vetting - is the process of performing a background check on someone

to ensure that they are suitable for a job requiring secrecy, loyalty,
or trustworthiness.

Well Known Organized Crime Group

1. Russian Mafia - Around 200 Russian groups that operate in nearly 60 countries
worldwide. They have been involved in racketeering, fraud, tax evasion, gambling, drug
trafficking, ransom, robbery and murder.
2. La Cosa Nostra - Known as the Italian or Italian-American mafia.
   The most prominent organized crime group in the world from 1920’s to the 1990’s.
They have been involved in violence, arson,bombings, torture, sharking, gambling, drug
trafficking, health insurance fraud, and political and judicial corruption.
3. Yakuza - Japanese criminal group. Often involved in multinational criminals
activities,including human trafficking, gambling, prostitution, and undermining licit
businesses.
4. FukChing - Chinese organized group in the United States. They have been involved
in smuggling, street violence, and human trafficking.
5. Triads - Underground criminal societies based in Hong Kong. They control secret
markets and bus routes and are often involved in money laundering and drug
trafficking.
6. Heijin - Taiwanese gangsters who are often executives in large corporations. They
are often involved in white collar crimes,  such as illegal stock trading and bribery, and
sometimes run for public office.
7. Jao Pho - Organized crime group in Thailand. They are often
   involved in illegal political and business activity.
8. Red Wa - Gangsters from Thailand. They are involved in
   manufacturing and trafficking methamphetamine.

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