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  • Apa 7th Edition Literature Review Revised Oct 21 1

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    Stress has negative and positive effects on college students. Prolonged or chronic stress can lead students to develop depression and engage in unhealthy coping mechanisms like substance abuse. It disrupts sleep patterns and physiological functions like heart rate. However, short-term or acute stress with controllable sources can sometimes motivate healthy behaviors like exercise which relieve stress. While stress is unavoidable, students should develop support systems and stress-management techniques to avoid long-term health consequences.

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    Stress has negative and positive effects on college students. Prolonged or chronic stress can lead students to develop depression and engage in unhealthy coping mechanisms like substance abuse. It disrupts sleep patterns and physiological functions like heart rate. However, short-term or acute stress with controllable sources can sometimes motivate healthy behaviors like exercise which relieve stress. While stress is unavoidable, students should develop support systems and stress-management techniques to avoid long-term health consequences.

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    71 views6 pages

    Apa 7th Edition Literature Review Revised Oct 21 1

    Uploaded by

    api-583070631
    Stress has negative and positive effects on college students. Prolonged or chronic stress can lead students to develop depression and engage in unhealthy coping mechanisms like substance abuse. It disrupts sleep patterns and physiological functions like heart rate. However, short-term or acute stress with controllable sources can sometimes motivate healthy behaviors like exercise which relieve stress. While stress is unavoidable, students should develop support systems and stress-management techniques to avoid long-term health consequences.

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    of 6

    1

    The Effects of Stress on College Students

    T. Ann Downs

    Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi

    1301: Composition 1

    Dr. Frances Johnson

    November 19th, 2021


    2

    The Effects of Stress on College Students


    It has been found that stress has been a factor that shapes and molds individuals into the

    people they are today, especially college students Dedra Umberson claimed. The research

    suggests that when placed under stress college students may use coping mechanisms and tend to

    fall into depression (Liu et al, 2008). Previous articles revealed that stress has a grand effect on

    the mind and the body; however, a more dated one is needed. The research has been done by

    numerous scientists who say the significance of studying the effects of stress. The purpose of this

    literature review is to the many effects that stress can have on the body and those who indulge in

    it.

    The Nature of Stress

    Stress is a form of disruption that is caused when physical or psychological homeostasis

    is disrupted by external or internal factors (Andrew Huang et al, 2021). It can be divided into two

    groups chronic or acute, and these can determine one's health in which category they reside

    (Dalton and Hammen, 2018). Stress can be a very vicious factor if one does not know how to

    control it and lives an unhealthy lifestyle (Corinne Reczek et al, 2008). This causes a great deal

    of both health and psychological problems to people, more specifically college students leading

    them into a lot of vices (Dalton and Hammen, 2018). Placing students in a position where they

    become depressed and changes their social behavior (Hsiao- Pei Lin et al, 2011). The nature of

    stress can cause a lot of changes in the lives of those who become affected by it.

    The Negative Effects of Stress

    It is known that health and health practices work hand in hand with each other (Kenneth

    W. Griffin, 1993). Various studies have shown that most young adults do not receive eight hours
    3

    of sleep and this is one of the many ways in which stress has a negative effect on the body. The

    lack of sleep forces the body to overwork itself causing the body shut down after a certain period

    (Leslie Lytle et al, 2017). When placed under a significant amount of stress young adults tend to

    move towards substance abuse (Preston L. et al, 2013). When using these substances, it hurts the

    body through various ways because if they turn to smoking it affects the lungs. Though young

    adults believe that it is for short term relief these substances cause long term effect on the body

    (Visser and Hirsch, 2014). Stress itself can affect the activity of the sympathetic nervous system

    (Andrew Huang et al, 2011). When placed under stress, anxiety and depressiveness the body

    tends to lower the heart rate (Shinba et al, 2011). Stress can cause numerous negative effects on

    the body especially if the individual receiving the stress does not have healthy practices.

    The Positive Effects of Stress

    Among the many negative practices of stress, they are positive practices that can come

    out of being stressed (Marci Lobel et al, 1993). Studies have shown tat positive practices can

    lessen the effects of stress on someone and their body for example exercising increasing

    someone’s mood (Marci Lobel et al, 1993). Positive mood may help mobilize people's efforts to

    engage in healthy activities, perhaps by providing the necessary energy and motivation to start or

    maintain a healthy regimen (Kenneth Griffin et al, 1993). Positive effects were surrounded by

    exercise because helps relaxing the body (Marci Lobel et al, 1993). Though stress is mostly

    connected to negative effects sometimes it can have positive effects on both the body and the

    individual.

    Conclusion
    Though stress is something encountered everyday it may be necessary at times to be

    successful. It has both positive and negative effects on those who encounter it and works hand in
    4

    hand with the body. Though most people do not consider how close the body could be affected

    when placed under stress it does occur more often than it is acknowledged.
    5

    References

    Dalton, E. D., & Hammen, C. L. (2018). Independent and relative effects of

    stress, depressive symptoms, and affect on college students' daily health

    behaviors. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 41(6), 863-874. https://doi.org/

    10.1007/s10865-018-9945-4

    Griffin, K. W., Friend, R., Eitel, P., & Lobel, M. (1993). Effects of

    environmental demands, stress, and mood on health practices. Journal of

    Behavioral Medicine, 16(6), 643-661. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00844724

    Henderson, R. K., Banich, M. T., Snyder, H. R., & Gupta, T. (2012). When does

    stress help or harm? The effects of stress controllability and subjective

    stress response on stroop performance. Frontiers in Psychology.

    https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00179

    Lin, H.-P., Lin, H.-Y., Lin, W.-L., & Huang, A. C.-W. (2011). Effects of stress,

    depression, and their interaction on heart rate, skin conductance, finger

    temperature, and respiratory rate: Sympathetic-parasympathetic hypothesis

    of stress and depression†. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 67(10),

    1080-1091. https://doi-org.manowar.tamucc.edu/10.1002/jclp.20833

    O'Hara, R. E., Armeli, S., Boynton, M. H., & Tennen, H. (2014). Emotional

    stress-reactivity and positive affect among college students: the role of

    depression history. Emotion (Washington, D.C.), 14(1), 193–202.

    https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034217
    6

    Umberson, D., Liu, H., & Reczek, C. (2008). Stress and health behavior over the

    life course. Advances in Life Course Research, 13, 19-44. https://doi.org/

    10.1016/S1040-2608(08)00002-6

    Vankim, N. A., & Nelson, T. F. (2013). Vigorous physical activity, mental

    health, perceived stress, and socializing among college students.

    American journal of health promotion: AJHP, 28(1), 7–15.

    https://doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.111101-QUAN-395

    Visser, P.L., & Hirsch, J.K. (2014). Health behaviors among college students:

    the influence of future time perspective and basic psychological need

    satisfaction. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 2, 88 - 99.

    Wallace, D. D., Boynton, M. H., PhDa, & Lytle, L. A. (2017). Multilevel analysis

    exploring the links between stress, depression, and sleep problems among

    two-year college students. J Am Coll Health, 65(3), 187-196.

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