LARO NG

LAHI
BY: RENETH RUTH LOVETANA
BPE 3-A
 INTRODUCTION

This module is created to help students and also teachers to gain more knowledge
about “Laro ng Lahi” that is one of the cultures of the Filipinos here in the Philippines. Also, for
them to be able to familiarize with the history of each games, how is it started, the mechanics
of each game and also where it began. We are expecting that the students will perform what is
needed to do in the module and perform the said activities for them also to recall and be
familiarize to the games. I hope that this module will contribute learning to the students and
yet understand some of the importance of these games in our Filipino culture and history.
 LARO NG LAHI
They were presented an activity and games which they
were never played and experienced before. We call
it Laro ng Lahi or the Traditional Filipino Games. These
games are commonly played by children, usually using
native materials or instruments. Due to limited
resources of toys of Filipino Children, they usually
come up with games without the need of anything but
the players themselves. Years ago, kids used to
gather in the streets or in their neighborhood playground to play their favorite Pinoy games.
This has been their regular and popular pastimes, as well as the favorite games of our parents
and grandparents until new and modern forms of entertainment (technology like computers,
phones) has taken over the interests of children. But a great majority of Filipino children still
play this games.
Traditional Filipino games or indigenous games in the Philippines are games that have
been played across multiple generations, usually using native materials or instruments. In the
Philippines, due to limited resources for toys, children usually invent games without needing
anything but players.
Laro ng Lahi are Filipino indigenous games, commonly played by children, usually using
locally available materials or instruments (Aguado, 2012). Larong Pinoy is the games of our
heritage (Laro ng Lahi). It is a cultural treasure (yaman ng lahi) cherished by generations of
Filipinos. It is a favorite past-time that is close to the hearts of Filipinos, encompassing
generations --- from our grandparents, to our parents, and among the youth & toddlers of
today
The importance of Laro ng Lahi can be classified according to its benefit in terms of
health, culture, social aspiration, and values. Laro ng Lahi can be preserved employing
continuous engagement in the respective houses and classroom integration by considering the
use of native materials.
 UNIT lunit1
UNIT l - PIKO

OVERVIEW

This unit covers the game Piko. It is the most famous laro ng lahi because of it’s easiness to play and
accomplish. The topics to be discussed here is the history, mechanics, materials needed in this game.

Piko or hopscotch is one of the most famous Filipino games.

The students are expected to perform this game after the further discussions.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this unit, students will be able to:

a. discuss the history of the game Piko.

b. identify the mechanics, rules, and

c. execute the game.

 PRE-TEST
1. Is the Philippine variation of the game hopscotch.
A. Piko b. tumbang preso c. luksong baka d. luksong tinik
2. Piko originated in what country?
a. China b. Japan c. Philippines d. India
3. What is the main objective of Piko?
a. To jump over a certain box that has your stone or “pamato” in it.
b. each team to send the ball over the net to ground it on the opponent's court, and to
prevent the ball from being grounded on its own court
c. to put the ball through the basketball hoop more times than the opposing team
d. is for the players to hit and knock down the can with the slipper, and for the taya to
put back the can inside a small circle a few meters away from the toe-line.
4-5. what are the materials needed In playing piko?
a. chalk or charcoal b. can bottle c. flat stone or pamato d. slippers

LESSON PROPER

Piko or hopscotch is one of the most famous Filipino

games. It is a group game and can be played with as
many people as you want. Unlike games nowadays, piko is
more physical and requires a lot of jumping.
Traditional games are seen as the best platform for
"promoting peace, harmony, goodwill and camaraderie" in
various Philippine communities especially that today's
generation is different, most kids are stuck on their
phones, iPods, and PSPs while sitting on a corner.
 Growing up, many of us has played piko. You can still see children playing piko on the
streets today. It may have simple mechanics it is still a fun game to play.
Playing “piko” is very simple. All you need to have is marker usually chalk or charcoal or
anything than can be used to draw lines in the ground. You also need a “pamato” for this game,
this is usually a stone or part of a broken pot.
This traditional game of "Piko" or "Hopscotch" is among the popular streetgames during
my early age in 80's. Usually played by girls in elementary school or after the school in streets. I
remember almost all of my girl classmates playing "piko" during recess or break-time, while
some of us are busy in playing other traditional games like "agawan base", "sipa", "teks",
"goma" and many others depending what is "in" (uso) that time. Even me and some boys have
tried this kind of game and its enjoyable. After school, some students still playing this game for
hour before going home. In street, its a common scene to see small girls playing this kind of
game like my sisters and girl friends. This is how much popular "piko" or hopscotch during 80's.
Playing "piko" is very simple. All you need to have is marker usually "chalk"or "crayola"
or anything than can be use to draw lines in the concrete ground. Some plays in plain ground, a
sandy loam soil, and draws the mark using a stick. You need also a "pamato" or pucks for this
game, this is usually a flat stone or part of broken pot.
Other variation of this game is done by the player looking towards the sky then throwing
his marker on the diagram. Without looking, he must walk across the diagram to fetch his
marker without touching any lines. This stage is intentionally more difficult to give the other
players a chance to catch up.
This traditional game is not only popular in the Philippines before but also in many parts
of the world but the rules and mechanics varies on locations. It is thought that the origin maybe
from Romans or Chinese. The earliest record was in 1677 in Poor Robins Almanack with the
name "Scotch-hoppers". In India it is called "Stapu or "Kith-kith", "Rayuela" in Spain, "Golosa" in
Latin America, "Knaccuku" in Russia, "Klasy" in Poland, "Camapana"or "Mondo" in Italy,
"Hinkelen" in Netherlands and Flanders, "Skolica" in Bosnia, Croatia, and Serbia. "Tengteng" in
Malaysia, "Bebeleche" in Mexico, "Peregrina" in Puerto Rico, "Soton" in Romania, "Amarelinha"
in Brazil, "Escargot or "La Marelle Ronde" in France, "Rrasavi" in Albania, "Potsy" in New York,
"Laylay" in Iran, and "Himmel und Hölle" in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.
The mechanics for this game is easy and can be played by single or by group. By group, it
should be started by finding out who will play first usually by jack-en-poy. The first step is by
throwing your pucks in 1st box then jumping with one leg for 2nd and 3rd box, with left leg on
4rth box and right leg on 5th box, one leg on 6th box, with left leg on 7th box and right leg on
8th box, one leg in 9th box, and two legs on 10th box. In the 10th box you need to make pivot
and repeat the process going back, making a pause in 2nd box while getting your pucks in 1st
box by bending your body down with single leg then jumping out of the box. The next steps is
throwing your pucks in 2nd box up to 10th box and follow the same procedure in first step. If
the player's pucks or her body touches the line, it will be a turn for another player. The one to
complete until 10th box will declare winner of this game.

POST-TEST
 Write true if the statement is correct and false if it is wrong.
1. The mechanics for this game is easy and can be played by single or by group
2. This traditional game is only popular in the Philippines before but also in many parts
of the world but the rules and mechanics varies on locations.
3. Playing "piko" is very complicated.
4. Piko or hopscotch is one of the most famous Filipino games.
5. Playing "piko" is very simple. All you need to have is marker usually "chalk"or
"crayola" or anything than can be use to draw lines in the concrete ground
 What is the meaning of piko and how it contributed to the Filipino culture? (5points)
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 UNIT ll - SUNGKA

OVERVIEW

This unit covers the game Sungka. The topics to be discussed here is the history, mechanics,
materials needed in this game.

The game involves two players trying to outsmart one another by employing a skill in the
calculation and mathematical analysis

LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this unit, students will be able to:

a. discuss the history of the game Sungka.

b. identify the mechanics, rules, and

c. execute the game.

 PRE-TEST
1. This is a Philippine mancala game.
a. piko b. sungka c. tumbang preso d. patintero
2. what is the main objective of the game sungka?
a. obtaining the most stones in their respective heads
b. shoot the ball in the ring
c. as many players through the court without being tagged by the defensive players.
3-5. materials needed in playing sungka.
a. egg box b. stone c. glue d. can e. slippers f. chalk
g. ball h. ring

LESSON PROPER
HISTORY OF SUNGKA
Sungka is a Philippine mancala game, which is now also played
wherever Philippine migrants are living; e.g. in Macau,
Taiwan, Germany, and the USA. Like the closely
related Congkak it is traditionally a women's game.
Sungka was first described by the Jesuit priest Father José Sanchez
in his dictionary of the Bisaya language (=Cebuano) in 1692 [manuscript] as Kunggit. Father José
Sanchez who had arrived on the Philippines in 1643 wrote that at the game was played with
seashells on a wooden, boat-like board. The Aklanon people still call the game Kunggit. José
Sanchez (born Josef Zanzini [*1616-1692) in Trieste, Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation)
is known for founding the town of Jagna on Bohol, which is today famous for its rich historical
heritage.
There are Sungka tournaments in the Philippines, Taiwan, Australia, Austria, England and the
USA. The biggest competition is held each year at the Kadayawan Sports Festival in Davao. In
May 2006, the Philippine Empassy compound in Pretoria, South Africa, hosted a Sungka
tournament during the ASEAN Games and Sports, which was held under the auspices of ASEAN
Embassies based in South Africa. The six winners for the first Sungka game competition were
participants from the following embassies: Vietnam, 1st; Malaysia, 2nd; Malaysia, 3rd;
Indonesia, 4th; Philippines, 5th and Indonesia, 6th. In 2008, the Philippine Language and
Cultural Association of Australia, Inc. (PLCAA) organized a Sungka competition at the Sydney
Regatta Centre, Penrith. The Department of Computer Studies at the Imperial College of
Science in London (England) held a computer tournament in 2004.
It is known that Sungka improves mathematical thinking and teaches patience and observation
skills. The John W. Garvy Elementary School in Chicago (Illinois, USA) uses Sungka to help
children with dyscalculia.

Traditional Sungka Board (Culin 1894)

Sungka is similar to many other Southern Asian mancala games such
as Naranj (Maldives), Dakon (Java), Congkak (Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia)
and Chongka' (Marianas). The game differs from Kalah which is known in North America and
Europe in being a multi-lap game. Another important difference is that the first move is
executed simultaneously in Sungka which is meant to balance the game. Sungka is distinguished
from Congkak by being played counterclockwise and also by some other minor rule differences.

HOW TO PLAY SUNGKA?

Sungka (pronounced SOONG-kah) is a game played on a solid wooden block with two
rows of seven circular holes and two large holes at both ends called "head". The game begins
with 49 game pieces (shells, marbles, pebbles or seeds) equally distributed to alternate holes -
seven pieces in every other hole - except "heads" which remain empty. Sungka requires two
players. Each player controls the seven holes on his side of the board and owns the "head" to
his right. The goal is to accumulate as many pieces in your own "head".
The first player removes all pieces from the hole on the extreme left of on his side. He
then distributes them anti-clockwise --- one in each hole to the right of that hole --- omitting an
opponent's "head" but not a player's own "head".
If the last piece falls into an occupied hole then all the pieces are removed from that
hole, and are distributed in the same way (to the right of that hole) in another round. This
player's (current) turn ends when the last piece falls into an empty hole on the opponent's side.
If the last piece distributed falls into a player's own "head" then the player earns another turn,
which can begin at any of the seven holes on his side. If the last piece distributed falls into an
empty hole on his side then the player captures all the pieces in the hole directly across from
this one, on the opponent's side and put them (plus the last piece distributed) in his own
"head". If the opposing hole is empty, no pieces are captured.
The other player chooses which hole he wishes to start from, removes the pieces and
distributes them - one in each hole to the right of that chosen hole. If a player has no pieces on
his side of the board when it is his turn, then he must pass.
The game ends when no pieces are left in any hole on both sides of the board. The
players now count the number of pieces in their own "head" and see who has won.
POST-TEST
 ESSAY. What is the game sungka and how is it done?
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