PUBLIC

SPEAKING
Professional English (MPU2222)
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
1. Acknowledge the aspects of public speaking
2. Prepare parts of the speech
3. Deliver the speech in class

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Aspects of Public Speaking
Covered sub-topics:
1. Definition of Public Speaking
2. The Importance of Public Speaking
3. Types of Public Speaking
4. Three Parts of The Speech
5. Improving Your Public Speaking Skills
6. Intended Audience
7. The Speech Delivery

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Oral Presentation
⊳ Speaking before an audience has always been a challenge.
⊳ Delivering oral presentation is not as easy as you think, but it is possible.
⊳ It requires certain skills and the ability to impress people in order to
make them listen.
⊳ Most people will feel anxious even at the thought of doing a
presentation.
⊳ While others fear that they will be unable to attract the audience’s
attention.

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Definition of Public Speaking
The process and the act of speaking
or addressing an audience in a
structured, deliberate manner intended
to inform, influence, or entertain.

In public speaking, as in any form of

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The Importance of Public Speaking
Demonstrates your knowledge
1. Being able to articulate your thoughts effectively will show the true
worth of your knowledge.
2. Once you have your audience’s attention, a good speaker will:
1. Share knowledge
2. Enhance audience’s understanding
3. Makes them remember your words long after you have finished

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The Importance of Public Speaking
Demonstrates your confidence
1. Public speaking will develop your confidence that will help you stand out
among other candidates when you're interviewing for a job or even when
you're hoping for a promotion.
2. Mastering public speaking results in an increase in confidence and with that, a
cool and collected presence in front of the audience.
3. When addressing any audience with an idea or argument for or against
something, public speaking allows you to make your case compelling and
convincing.

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The Importance of Public Speaking
Makes you a better leader
1. Ideals (models) will only be accomplished through clear communication.
2. As a skilled public speaker, you become likeable and believable, and you
will inspire innovation and growth.
3. A great public speaker attains the power to motivate the audience to do
something, stop doing something, change a behaviour or reach
objectives.

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Types of Public Speaking:
Ceremonial
⊳ Marks special ⊳ Depending on the ⊳ It’s all about fostering an
occasions that are context, the purpose of emotional connection
commonly addressed the speech may be to with the people who
to a particular remember, to praise or listen to you.
audience. to humorously tease. ⊳ Most common at
⊳ Tend to be shorter ⊳ The goal is to trigger an weddings, graduations,
speeches, usually less emotional response birthdays, and funerals.
than ten minutes. from an audience.

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Types of Public Speaking:
Informative
⊳ Involves a ⊳ The information is the ⊳ Informative speakers tend
knowledgeable essential part of the to focus on specific
speaker transferring presentation and the concept or subject matter,
some of their speaker is not trying to such as people, events,
knowledge on a get others to agree with places, methods or ideas.
specific topic to the him or to show them ⊳ A lecture or a company’s
audience. how to do something senior executive giving a
for themselves. presentation on last year’s
sales is an example.

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Types of Public Speaking:
Persuasive
⊳ The act of convincing ⊳ In this technique, the ⊳ The art of persuasion
members of your spectrum of persuasion will involve the
audience to do is broad: the speaker simultaneous use of
something, based on can get the audience words and techniques.
them agreeing with members to agree to ⊳ Lawyers, politicians, and
your viewpoint. buy a product, take on a salespeople all use this
new lifestyle, or even technique to their
conform to a particular benefit.
political opinion.

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Types of Public Speaking:
Impromptu
⊳ Presented or done ⊳ This style allows the ⊳ For instance, you are in
without special speaker to be natural a meeting at work and
preparation. and also to make the boss announces that
⊳ Delivered with little changes according to he wants you to brief
preparation and usually the response of the everyone in the meeting
no time is given to audience. on the new equipment
prepare written ⊳ No prior planning, no being installed that day.
information. notes.

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Types of Public Speaking:
Extemporaneous
⊳ A well-prepared ⊳ The extemporaneous ⊳ However, because it
speech that relies on speaker needs to stay in require extensive
research, clear the moment and be able research and
organization, and to think on their feet. preparation, it tend to
practiced delivery. ⊳ This type of speech has have significantly more
⊳ It is neither read nor a higher level of depth, and therefore are
memorized, so it is spontaneity because it is generally the preferred
never delivered exactly composed almost method for speech
the same way. entirely in the moment. delivery.

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Types of Public Speaking:
Demonstrative
⊳ Requires the ability to ⊳ The idea is to engage the ⊳ For instance, a product
speak clearly and audience in both verbal infomercial where the
(content of the speech) and
concisely while host goes on and on
non-verbal (body language,
describing actions and facial expression, actions
about some product and
performing those conducted, etc.) shows all the features or
actions at the same communicational methods even role-playing
time. and the audience can leave scenarios.
with the knowledge of how
to do something practically
instead of just theoretically.

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3 parts of the speech
WRAPPING UP THE SPEECH
INTRODUCTION OF THE SPEECH • Highlight central theme of your
speech
• Grab the attention of your audience.
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• Briefly cover the main points again
• Introduce yourself.
• Closing statement
• State the purpose of your
presentation.
BODY OF THE SPEECH
• Relate the importance of your
presentation. 02 • Convey the message
01
• Preview the main points that will be • Discuss the main points
covered throughout the
presentation. • Provide supporting details

• Educate or entertain listening audience

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3 parts of the speech
CONCLUSION
ATTENTION GRABBER
• Keep it short and simple
• Ask rhetorical questions
03 • Signal it is about to end
• Make startling statement
• Give memorable closing statement
• Tell jokes / tell stories

• Share well-known quotes ENTERTAINING BODY CONTENT

** Don’t overuse them or they will • Appropriate humour and stories

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Improving Public Speaking Skills
Prepare by practicing
1. Once you have prepared your presentation according to its logical flow,
make it vibrant with an addition of examples, stories and appealing visual
aids.
2. Practice your speech alone or speak in front of other people until you
gain your confidence.
3. Practice at every available opportunity. A good script is not enough if
you don’t rehearse it.

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Improving Public Speaking Skills
Identify your strengths and weaknesses. Accentuate your strengths
1. Analyze yourself. Do not try to imitate what works best for other
people. Be yourself and focus on your own strengths.
2. You may have a good sense of humor or talent at explaining complex
ideas. Utilize those strengths to hold your audience's attention.
3. Maintain your strengths and work on your weaknesses.

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Improving Public Speaking Skills
Keep yourself open to feedback and critics.
1. Public speaking usually involves a direct interaction between speaker and
his listening audience.
2. However, there are various ways in which audience can provide you
with feedback.
3. When the audience is not voicing his opinion out loud, try to look for
his nonverbal cues such as body language and facial expressions.

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Intended Audience
Create content that connects with your target audience

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Speech Delivery
Appearance
1. First impression is made in the first 7 seconds of your meeting.
2. Your appearance is also very important as it gives your audience a good
first, and hopefully lasting, impression of you.
3. What you wear will tell the audience a lot about your personality and
attitudes.
4. Remember to dress smartly and appropriately, clean and neat.
Speech Delivery
Volume
1. Refers to how loudly or softly you speak.
2. Adjust your voice according to the acoustics of the room as well as the
noise around you.
3. Vary your volume to get your message across effectively.
4. Avoid speaking too loudly throughout your presentation as you might
come across as aggressive, rude or pushy.
Speech Delivery
Pitch
1. Refers to how high or low the tone of your voice is.
2. Different levels of pitch can affect the meaning of words, phrases or
sentences as they convey a variety of meaning and emotions.
3. Vary your pitch while delivering a presentation. When you are excited, your
pitch goes higher. When you are serious or sad, it goes lower.
4. Avoid speaking in a monotonous voice as it will affect the audience’s
attention.
Speech Delivery
Rate
1. Refers to the speed at which you speak, be it fast or slow.
2. Speak quickly when you are explaining familiar information or excited.
Speak slowly when you are explaining complex information or being
serious.
3. You should speak spontaneously and naturally if you were engaged in a
conversation.
4. Vary your rate of speech according to the message or emotion you want to
convey.
Speech Delivery
Pauses
1. Refer to temporary breaks in your presentation.
2. They function just like punctuation marks or commas in your writing.
3. Pauses are important because it signal the end of your point, give your
audience chance to digest the information, allow some time to recharge
before continuing and provide some time to prepare what you are about to
say next.
4. Avoid filling the silence with vocalized pauses.
Speech Delivery
Eye contact
1. Eye contact will ensure audience’s attentiveness and participation since
they will feel included.
2. Don’t focus too much on your visual aids.
3. Don’t remain focused only on one side of the audience.
4. Don’t look at any one person for too long.
5. Don’t look at the ceiling or the floor while gathering your thoughts.
Speech Delivery
Facial Expression
1. Your face conveys your personality. It is the mirror of your attitudes and
emotions.
2. Facial expressions will intensify your emotions. Therefore, our facial
expressions should go hand in hand with our message.
3. It should be natural, relaxed and friendly.
4. Avoid moving your facial muscle unnecessarily.
5. Avoid speaking without any change in facial expression.
Speech Delivery
Gestures
1. Refer to the use of the upper parts of the body to accompany and illustrate
what you are saying.
2. Use gestures to enhance the points you are making (clenching your fists to
suggest anger or determination), to visualize a particular size or shape and
to reinforce what you are saying.
3. Don’t hold any notes while you are presenting. Hands should be free at all
times.
4. Don’t put your hand in your pockets, behind your back or fold your arms.
Speech Delivery
Postures
1. Refer to how you stand or position yourself.
2. Your posture should be erect but relaxed to show that you are confident.
3. Never turn your back to your audience for a long time.
4. Avoid unnecessary and distracting postures.
5. Don’t stand behind the visual aid you are using.
6. Don’t just stand rigidly at one particular spot. Move around freely.
You can speak well if your tongue can
deliver the message of your heart
John Ford