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  • Experiment No. 10 Carboxylic Acids and Acid Derivatives

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    Christian Dave Garolacan
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    1. The document describes an experiment involving carboxylic acids and acid derivatives. Glacial acetic acid is prepared from acetic acid and sulfuric acid, and is used as a preservative and flavoring. 2. Acid derivatives like ethyl acetate, acetamide, and acetic anhydride are prepared and their reactions described. Ethyl acetate is formed from acetic acid and ethanol. Acetic anhydride reacts with water to form more acetic acid. 3. In conclusion, the objectives of preparing an organic acid like acetic acid and describing acid derivative reactions were achieved. Acid derivatives were tested and shown to be acidic by changing indicator paper colors.

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    1. The document describes an experiment involving carboxylic acids and acid derivatives. Glacial acetic acid is prepared from acetic acid and sulfuric acid, and is used as a preservative and flavoring. 2. Acid derivatives like ethyl acetate, acetamide, and acetic anhydride are prepared and their reactions described. Ethyl acetate is formed from acetic acid and ethanol. Acetic anhydride reacts with water to form more acetic acid. 3. In conclusion, the objectives of preparing an organic acid like acetic acid and describing acid derivative reactions were achieved. Acid derivatives were tested and shown to be acidic by changing indicator paper colors.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    57 views2 pages

    Experiment No. 10 Carboxylic Acids and Acid Derivatives

    Uploaded by

    Christian Dave Garolacan
    1. The document describes an experiment involving carboxylic acids and acid derivatives. Glacial acetic acid is prepared from acetic acid and sulfuric acid, and is used as a preservative and flavoring. 2. Acid derivatives like ethyl acetate, acetamide, and acetic anhydride are prepared and their reactions described. Ethyl acetate is formed from acetic acid and ethanol. Acetic anhydride reacts with water to form more acetic acid. 3. In conclusion, the objectives of preparing an organic acid like acetic acid and describing acid derivative reactions were achieved. Acid derivatives were tested and shown to be acidic by changing indicator paper colors.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    Experiment No.

    10 CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND ACID DERIVATIVES

    I. Objectives:
    1. To be able to prepare an organic acid in the form of acetic acid.
    2. To be able to prepare and describe the reactions of acid derivatives.

    II. Results and Observations:


    A. Preparations and Properties of Glacial Acetic Acid.
    - Give the chemical reaction for the preparation of acetic acid.
    H2SO4 + 2CH3COONa Na2SO + 2CH3COOH

    - Why concentrated acetic acid is called “glacial acetic acid?


    An acetic acid that contains a very low amount of water (less than %1) is called anhydrous acetic
    acid or glacial acetic acid. The reason it is called glacial is because it solidifies into solid acetic acid
    crystals just cooler than room temperature at 16.7 degrees C. When a liquid is associated with ice-
    like crystals, it known to be in its glacial form.

    - Give some uses of acetic acid.


    Acetic acid is a synthetic carboxylic acid with antibacterial and antifungal properties. It is
    commonly known as a component of household vinegars as food preservative and flavoring.
    Industrially, acetic acid is used in the preparation of metal acetates in printing processes.
    Biologically, acetic acid is an important metabolic intermediate, and occurs naturally in body fluids
    and in plant juices.

    B. Acid Derivatives:
    Chemical reaction observations

    Preparation of ethyl acetate

    Esterification

    Acetic anhydride + water and


    heated
    Acetamide + NaOH and warmed

    Guide Questions:

    1. Give some examples of acid derivatives and their uses.


    Some examples of acid derivatives are ethyl acetate, acetamide, and acetic anhydride. Ethyl
    acetate is a very useful organic solvent and is also used in nail polish remover. Acetamide is used as
    an industrial solvent and also plasticizing agent. Acetic anhydride is used to manufacture cellulose
    and aspirin.

    2. Describe the reactions of acid derivatives based on the experiment.

    - CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH   CH3COOCH2CH3 + H2O


    Ethyl acetate is synthesized from heating alcohol with acetic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid.

    - CH3COCL + CH3CH2OH CH3COOCH2CH3 + HCL


    Acetyl chloride reacts instantly with ethanol. There is a very exothermic reaction in which a steamy
    acidic gas is given off (hydrogen chloride) and ethyl acetate is formed.

    - (CH3CO)2O + H2O CH3COOH


    Acetic anhydride reacts with water will form acetic acid

    - CH3CONH2 + NaOH CH3COONa + NH3


    If acetamide is heated with sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia gass is given off and you are left
    with sodium acetate.
    III. Conclusion: (answer the objectives)

    To conclude, ethanol can be used to produce organic acid in the form of acetic acid. Acetic acid is
    obtained when there is no O2 in the reaction system, ethanol is dehydrogenated to produce acetaldehyde,
    and then water, acting as the oxidizer, reacts with acetaldehyde to produce acetic acid while simultaneously
    expelling hydrogen gas.

    In a test tube, combine 1ml of acetic acid, 1ml of 95% ethyl alcohol, and 10 drops of concentrated
    sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to make acid derivatives. Then, immerse the test tube in water and heat until the
    mixture boils. The final step is to allow it to cool. The odor produced by acid derivatives can be used to
    describe their reactions. Moreover, when testing acid derivative solutions with congo red paper and red
    litmus paper, the paper changes color to blue, indicating that the solution is acidic.

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