Name: Date: 5/29/2021 - Year & Sec:: Subject

Republic of the Philippines
GOVERNOR MARIANO E. VILLAFUERTE COMMUNITY COLLEGE-SIRUMA

Poblacion, Siruma, Camarines Sur
[email protected]
Name: RONIE E. OBIAS Date: 5/29/2021__

Year & Sec: BTVTED CHS-3__
Subject: TEACHING COMMON COMPETENCIES IN AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY ARTS

MODULE 2 - OUTPUT
ACTIVITY:
1. What the common species of tilapia were cultured in the Philippines?
There are two tilapia species that are being cultured in freshwater ponds in the
Philippines:
Oreochromis Mossambicus is commonly mated with other tilapia species to
produce all-male fingerlings. When stocked in a common enclosure, monosex tilapias such
as all-male tilapias are observed to grow faster than when rearing female and male tilapias
communally. When the growout enclosures contain only male fish, early breeding and
stunting are prevented and yields are higher.
The Mozambique or ‘Java’ tilapia is generally black in color. The underside of the
head is white, and dorsal and caudal fins have red margins. The O. mossambicus can
thrive in freshwater, brackishwater and/or seawater and it is the most common tilapia
found in coastal waters upstream of the surf zone. This tilapia breeds in short and
successive cycles. It is a commercial food fish, and the small-sized Mozambique tilapias are
also used as forage fish for carnivorous marine fishes like groupers, snappers, and sea
bass. This fish accounts for about 10% of world tilapia production.
2. How many Tilapias can you raise in 1 sq. m.?

If fingerlings are available, you will need to plan on about 5 to 6 fingerlings per
square meter of water surface area.
3. Why is good to raise the tilapia if they are monosex?
Separating the male tilapia and raising them separately is
called monosex tilapia fish farming. These types of fish grow faster and well adopted to
supplementary feed. You can raise them in high density and they never make hole in the
pond for breeding. Commercial monosex tilapia farming is very profitable business.
 One way of increasing fish yield in the farm is to use single sex or specifically, all
male tilapia fingerlings for growout. Male tilapias grow faster and larger than females
when grown separately.
 Males are used for monosex culture because male tilapia grow faster than females.
Females use considerable energy in egg production and do not eat when they are
incubating eggs. Male monosex culture permits the use of longer culture periods, higher
stocking rates and fingerlings of any age. High stocking densities reduce individual growth
rates, but yields per unit area are greater. If the growing season can be extended, it
should be possible to produce fish weighing one pound (454 grams) or more. Expected
survival for all-male culture is 90 percent or greater. A disadvantage of male monosex
culture is that female fingerlings are discarded.
4. What are the proper handling of milkfish fry?

Milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal), is the predominant fish cultured in the
Philippines. In 1981, 170 431 t of milkfish were harvested from about 195 000 ha of
brackishwater ponds, accounting for 90% of the total fishpond production in the country.
Milkfish is popular even with Filipino communities abroad, to which most of the 5261 of
exported frozen milkfish went in 1981. Philippine exports of canned milkfish have
increased steadily in recent years, and there is a growing demand for milkfish juveniles for
tuna bait.
Whole frozen milkfish (also called bangus) must be stored at or below 0°F (-18°C)
and then thawed properly when ready to cook. The frozen shelf life is 18 months.
Fry stored for more than 15 days are as a rule weak; very low survival is obtained
when these are stocked in the nursery pond. The condition of the fry may be determined
by the following procedures:
1. Observe the fry closely. Strong and healthy fry move continuously in the same
direction along the wall of the container. If the fry displays this behavior only occasionally,
or when swimming is slackened, they are already weak.
2. Swirl the water. Healthy fry swim vigorously against the current.
3. Tap the container or move a hand over it. Fry which reacts with a quick diving
avoidance movement are in good condition.
Some dealers keep fry alive and in reasonable condition for 1 month or longer by
storing them in earthen jars and reducing the stocking density to a few hundred per
container
5. Before you culture Tilapia and Milkfish, what is the first you consider?
Proper site selection is recognized as the first step guaranteeing the eventual
success of any aquaculture project and forms the basis for the design, layout, and
management of the project (SCSP, 1982a). For fish ponds, especially those to be used for
coastal/brackish water aquaculture of high-value species like shrimps, site selection is
critical and should be given utmost attention.
Listed the following guidelines for the selection of a suitable site for coastal fish
ponds:
 Soil Quality: preferably, clay-loam, or sandy-clay for water retention and suitability
for diking; alkaline pH (7 and above) to prevent problems that result from acid-
sulphate soils (e.g., poor fertilizer response; low natural food production and slow
growth of culture species; probable fish kills).
 Land elevation and tidal characteristics: preferably with average elevation that
can be watered by ordinary high tides and drained by ordinary low tides; tidal
fluctuation preferably moderate at 2-3 m. (Sites where tidal fluctuation is large, say
4 m, are not suitable because they would require very large, expensive dikes to
prevent flooding during high tide. On the other hand, areas with slight tidal
fluctuation, say 1 m or less, could not be drained or filled properly.)
 Vegetation: preferably without big tree stumps and thick vegetation which entail
large expense for clearing; areas near river banks and those at coastal shores
exposed to wave action require a buffer zone with substantial growths of
mangrove. (The presence of Avicenna indicates productive soil; nipa and trees with
high tannin content indicate low pH.)
 Water supply and quality: with steady supply of both fresh and brackish water
in adequate quantities throughout the year; water supply should be pollution-free
and with a pH of 7.8-8.5.
 Accessibility: preferably readily accessible by land/water transport; close to
sources of inputs such as fry, feeds, fertilizers, and markets, fish ports, processing
plants, and ice plants; and linked by communication facilities to major centers.
 Availability of manpower for construction and operation.

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Republic of the Philippines

GOVERNOR MARIANO E. VILLAFUERTE COMMUNITY COLLEGE-SIRUMA

Name: RONIE E. OBIAS Date: 5/29/2021__

Subject: TEACHING COMMON COMPETENCIES IN AGRICULTURE AND FISHERY ARTS

2. How many Tilapias can you raise in 1 sq. m.?

4. What are the proper handling of milkfish fry?

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