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3 Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties: Solutions
3 Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties: Solutions
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1. Modern periodic law is
(1) The physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic function of their atomic numbers
(2) The physical and chemical properties of the elements depend upon the energy of the electrons
(3) The physical and chemical properties of the elements depend upon atomic wt.
(4) None of these
Sol. Answer (1)
According to modern periodic law physical and chemical properties are periodic function of their atomic number.
3. Elements which generally exhibit multiple oxidation states and whose ions are usually coloured are
(1) Metalloids (2) Transition elements (3) Non-metals (4) Gases
Sol. Answer (2)
Transition metal (elements except Zn, Cd, Hg) shows variable oxidation state and ions are coloured due to
d-d. transition.
Na Na e
186 pm 95 pm
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Solution of Assignment Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 61
but O2– have more charge than F–
O2– have more size than F(–). Size of anion is always more than neutral charges.
O2– > F– > O > F
1
r ionic
Zeff
13. The electronic configuration of an element is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3. What is the atomic number of the element,
which is just below the above element in the periodic table?
(1) 36 (2) 49 (3) 33 (4) 34
Sol. Answer (3)
Electronic configuration represents 'P'. 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p3 = 15 down the group add 18e– because 3rd period
have 18 elements.
Atomic number of element below is 33.
16. Which one of the following is correct order of the size of iodine species?
(1) I+ > I– > I (2) I– > I > I+ (3) I > I– > I+ (4) I > I+ > I–
Sol. Answer (2)
Size of anion is more than parent atom due to less effective nuclear charge on outermost electrons. Size of
cation is less due to more effective nuclear charge.
I– > I > I(+) size order.
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62 Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Solution of Assignment
⎡9.32 eV for Be ⎤
i.e., ⎢ ⎥
⎣ 8.29 eV for B ⎦
(1) Cl(g) e
Cl (g) (2) O (g) e
O2 (g)
(3) O(g) e
O (g) (4) S(g) e
S (g)
Sol. Answer (2)
Second electron gain enthalpy is always positive because after first e– ion will have negative charge shows
repulsion towards new electron.
21. Which of the following oxide is expected to react readily with NaOH?
(1) Na2O (2) CaO (3) NO (4) Cl2O7
Sol. Answer (4)
On moving in a period from left to right acidic character increases.
Cl2O7 have maximum acidic character and it reacts with NaOH readily.
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Solution of Assignment Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 63
23. Energy required for the ionisation of 0.02 gram atom of magnesium is x kJ. The amount of energy required to ionise
1 atom of magnesium is
3
x x 10
(1) x kJ (2) J (3) J (4) xNA kJ
0.02N A 0.02NA
Sol. Answer (3)
0.02 g-atom = 0.02 moL atom = 0.02 × N0 atom
0.02 × N0 atom have ionisation energy = x kJ
x
1 atom have ionisation energy 0.02 N kJ
0
x 103
J
0.02 N0
24. Which is mismatched regarding the position of the element as given below?
(1) X(Z = 89) - f block, 6th period (2) Y(Z = 100) - f block, 7th period
(3) Z(Z = 115) - d block, 7th period (4) Both (1) & (3)
Sol. Answer (4)
⎡ z 89 Ac d block 7th period ⎤
⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ z 115 Uup p block 7th period⎥⎦
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. The electronic configurations of the elements X, Y, Z and J are given below. Which element has the highest
metallic character?
(1) X = 2, 8, 4 (2) Y = 2, 8, 8 (3) Z = 2, 8, 8, 1 (4) J = 2, 8, 8, 7
Sol. Answer (3)
Element Z have 1 electron in 4th shell
it will easily lose to get noble gas configuration.
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64 Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Solution of Assignment
4. An atom of an element has electronic configuration 2, 8, 1. Which of the following statement is correct?
(1) The valency of element is 7 (2) The element exists as a triatomic molecule
(3) The element is metalloid (4) The element forms basic oxide
Sol. Answer (4)
Electronic configuration indicates that 1 e– is present in outermost shell.
It will easily lose e–
It is metal and form basic oxide
1
2 Na O2 Na2O
2
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Solution of Assignment Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 65
8. Which one of the following represents a d-block element?
(1) [Rn] 6d10 7s2 7p2 (2) [Xe] 4f1 5d1 6s2 (3) [Xe] 4f14 5d1 6s2 (4) [Xe] 5d1 6s2
Sol. Answer (4)
Last electrons enters in d-subshell
It is d-block elements.
10. Which of the following set of atomic number represents only representative elements?
(1) 55, 12, 48, 53 (2) 13, 23, 54, 83 (3) 3, 33, 53, 87 (4) 22, 33, 55, 66
Sol. Answer (3)
Representative element includes S p-block
Li at no. = 3 1s2, 2s2
As at 33 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d10, 4p3
I at 53 5s2, sp5
Fr at 87 7s1
11. Which of the following pairs of atomic numbers represents elements belonging to the same group?
(1) 11 and 20 (2) 12 and 30 (3) 13 and 31 (4) 14 and 33
Sol. Answer (3)
Atomic number 13 = Al group 13
Atomic number 31 = Ga group 13
13. Total number of elements present in 5th period of modern periodic table is
(1) 2 (2) 8 (3) 18 (4) 32
Sol. Answer (3)
Total number of 18 elements are present in fifth period i.e.,
2, 8, 8, 18, 18, 32
1 2
st nd
3
rd
4 5 6
th th th
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66 Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Solution of Assignment
14. The electronic configuration having maximum difference in first and second ionization energies is
(1) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 (2) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p1 (3) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2 (4) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
Sol. Answer (4)
After removing 1 e– it will get stable noble gas configuration.
16. In which of the following pairs the radii of second species is greater than that of first?
(1) K, Ca (2) H, He (3) Mg+, Mg2+ (4) O2–, O–
Sol. Answer (2)
He has more size than 'H' because of (1s2) completely filled s-subshell.
18. If you are given Avogadro’s number of atoms of a gas ‘X’. If half of the atoms are converted into X(g)+ by energy
H. The IE of X is
2H 2NA H NA
(1) NA (2) (3) 2N (4)
H A H
1
NA atoms have ionisation energy = H
2
H 2
NA atom have ionisation energy = NA
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Solution of Assignment Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 67
19. Find the formula of halide of a metal whose successive ionization enthalpies are x, 2x, 5x, 100x kJ mol–1
respectively
(1) MX (2) MX2 (3) MX3 (4) M2X
Sol. Answer (3)
There is large difference between 3rd and 4th I.E.
+3 oxidation state will be more stable and the formula of halide is MX3.
21. The energy required to convert all atoms present in 1.2 g magnesium to Mg2+ ions if IE, and IE2 of magnesium
are 120 kJ mol–1 and 240 kJ mol–1 respectively
(1) 18 kJ (2) 36 kJ (3) 360 kJ (4) 24 kJ
Sol. Answer (1)
1.2
Moles of Mg = 0.05 moL
24
Mg Mg2+ + 2e– I.E. = I.E1 + I.E2 = 120 + 240
1 moL
energy required
= 360 kJ/moL
0.05 moL
energy required
= 360 × 0.05 = 18 kJ
23. The least electronegative element has the following electronic configuration
(1) ns2np5 (2) ns2np4 (3) ns2np3 (4) ns2np6
Sol. Answer (4)
Full filled electronic configuration element do not attract electron
i.e., ns2, np6
24. Which of the following is correct order of metallic character for Si, Be, Mg, Na and P?
(1) P < Si < Be < Na < Mg (2) P < Si < Be < Mg < Na
(3) Na > Be > Mg > Be > P (4) Na > Si > Mg > Be > P
Sol. Answer (2)
Left to right metallic character decreases
Top to bottom metallic character increases
P (less metallic due to smaller size) < Si < Be < Mg < Na (more metallic due to large size)
25. With which of the following electronic configuration an atom has the lowest ionization enthalpy?
(1) 1s2 2s2 2p3 (2) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 (3) 1s2 2s2 2p6 (4) 1s2 2s2 2p5
Sol. Answer (2)
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68 Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Solution of Assignment
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. The species Ar, K+ and Ca2+ contain the same number of electrons. In which order do their radii increase?
[AIPMT-2015]
(1) K+ < Ar < Ca2+ (2) Ar < K+ < Ca2+ (3) Ca2+ < Ar < K+ (4) Ca2+ < K+ < Ar
Sol. Answer (4)
4. What is the value of electron gain enthalpy of Na+ if IE1 of Na = 5.1 eV? [AIPMT (Mains)-2011]
(1) +2.55 eV (2) +10.2 eV (3) –5.1 eV (4) –10.2 eV
Sol. Answer (3)
Electron gain enthalpy is negative of I.E. i.e., –5.1 eV
5. Which of the following represents the correct order of increasing electron gain enthalpy with negative sign for the
elements O, S, F and Cl ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) Cl < F < O < S (2) O < S < F < Cl (3) F < S < O < Cl (4) S < O < Cl < F
Sol. Answer (2)
6. The correct order of the decreasing ionic radii among the following is electronic species are
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
2+ + 2– – – 2– 2+ + 2– – + 2+
(1) Ca > K > S > Cl (2) Cl > S > Ca > K (3) S > Cl > K > Ca (4) K+ > Ca2+ > Cl– > S2–
Sol. Answer (3)
7. Among the elements Ca, Mg, P and Cl, the order of increasing atomic radii is [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) Mg < Ca < Cl < P (2) Cl < P < Mg < Ca (3) P < Cl < Ca < Mg (4) Ca < Mg < P < Cl
Sol. Answer (2)
Mg P Cl ⎧left to right size decreases ⎫
⎨ ⎬
Ca ⎩ down the group size increases ⎭
i.e., Ca > Mg > P > Cl
8. Amongst the elements with following electronic configurations, which one of them may have the highest ionization
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Solution of Assignment Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 69
energy? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
2 2 10 2 3 2 1
(1) Ne [3s 3p ] (2) Ar [3d 4s 4p ](3) Ne [3s 3p ] (4) Ne [3s 3p3]
2
Cl have more electron gain enthalpy than F due to smaller size of F and 'O' it will show repulsion
S have more electron gain enthalpy than O
Order will be O < S < F < Cl
11. Which one of the following arrangements represents the correct order of least negative to most negative electron
gain enthalpy for C, Ca, Al, F and O?
(1) Ca < Al < C < O < F (2) Al < Ca < O < C < F
(3) Al < O < C < Ca < F (4) C < F < O < Al < Ca
Sol. Answer (1)
C<O<F
Left to right electronegativity increases
Down the group electronegativity decreases
Ca < Al < C < O < F
12. The electronic configuration of an element is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p2. What is the atomic number of
the element, which is just below the above element in the periodic table?
(1) 36 (2) 49 (3) 50 (4) 54
Sol. Answer (3)
Atomic number of element = 32, below element have atomic number 32 + 18 = 50.
13. Which of the following ion is the largest in size?
(1) K+ (2) Ca2+ (3) Cl– (4) S–2
Sol. Answer (4)
All are isoelectronic and more the negative charge more will be the size.
14. The electronic configuration of inner transition elements is
(1) ns1 (2) ns2np5nd10
(3) ns 0–2 (n – 1) d1–10 (n – 2) f1–14 (4) ns2 (n – 1) d0–1 (n – 2) f1–14
Sol. Answer (4)
ns2(n – 1)d0 – 1(n – 2)f1 – 14
15. Which of the following has the smallest size?
(1) Al3+ (2) F– (3) Na+ (4) Mg2+
Sol. Answer (1)
More the positive charge smaller will be the size for isoelectronic elements.
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70 Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Solution of Assignment
16. Which one of the following is correct order of the size of aluminium species?
(1) Al > Al+ > Al2+ (2) Al2+ > Al+ > Al (3) Al2+ = Al+ = Al (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Size of positive charge atom i.e., cation is always lesser than parent atom due to increase in effective nuclear
charge i.e., Al Al Al 2
⎧N 11.32 eV ⎫
⎨ ⎬
⎩ O 8.21 eV ⎭
18. Correct order of Ist ionization potential among elements Be, B, C, N, O is
(1) B < Be < C < O < N (2) B < Be < C < N < O
(3) Be < B < C < N < O (4) Be < B < C < O < N
Sol. Answer (1)
Left to right in period I.E increases and half filled have more I.E.
1st I.E [B < Be (more I.E. due to half filled) < C < O < N (more I.E. than 'O' due to half filled)]
19. An atom has electronic configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d3 4s2, you will place it in which group of periodic
table?
(1) Fifth (2) Fifteenth (3) Second (4) Third
Sol. Answer (1)
3d3, 4s2 = 5 placed in fifth group
20. Ionic radii are
(1) Inversely proportional to effective nuclear charge
(2) Inversely proportional to square of effective nuclear charge
(3) Directly proportional to effective nuclear charge
(4) Directly proportional to square of effective nuclear charge
Sol. Answer (1)
1
Ionic radii
effective nuclear charge
21. Four successive members of the first row transition elements are listed below with their atomic numbers. Which
one of them is expected to have the highest third ionisation enthalpy?
(1) Vanadium (Z = 23) (2) Chromium (Z = 24) (3) Manganese (Z = 25) (4) Iron (Z = 26)
Sol. Answer (3)
Mn = 25 = 4s2, 3d5 after removing 2 electrons from 4s Mn will get stable configuration i.e., 3d5
3rd I.E. will be more
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Solution of Assignment Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 71
22. The element with highest electronegativity will belong to
(1) Period 2, group 17 (2) Period 3, group 17 (3) Period 2, group 18 (4) Period 2, group 1
Sol. Answer (1)
Most electronegative is 'F' belongs to group 17 and period 2.
23. The first, second and third ionisation energies of Al are 578, 1817 and 2745 kJ mol–1 respectively. Calculate the
energy required to convert all the atoms of Al to Al+3 present in 270 mg of Al vapours
(1) 5140 kJ (2) 51.40 kJ (3) 2745 kJ (4) 514.0 kJ
Sol. Answer (2)
270 103
Moles of Al = 102 moles
27
Al Al3+ + 3l–
Total I.E. = 578 + 1817 + 2745 = 5140 kJ/mol
for 1 mol have I.E = 5140
10–2 mol have I.E will be = 5140 × 10–2 = 51.40 kJ
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72 Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties Solution of Assignment
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. A : Be and Al show diagonal relationship.
R : Be and Al are diagonal to each other in the periodic table.
Sol. Answer (2)
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