INTRODUCTON

Effects of Motivation on the Reading Habits of 8 Graders of Pinaglabanan National High

School in Academic year 2018/2019

Background of the study

In 1983, the Department of Education, Culture and Sports(DECS) required students

enrolled in Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED) to take up a 3-unit course in
Developmental reading and another 3-unit course in Teaching Strategies in Communication
Arts, Focus on reading. Then in 1986, the agency required students enroled Bachelor in
SecondaryEducation to take up Developmental Reading and Research and Study Skills.
Certainly, this steps were a bridge and innovations that responded to the growing needs of
demands of Education on student-teacher reading. The enhancement of the basic reading
skills of the students are fundamentally important . This skill is decisively important to the child
in all areas of learnng. It is then imperatively that Teachers are expected to be equipped with
enough knowledge to know what they are expected to do.

Reading is bringing meaning to and getting meaning from printed or written material
(Finochiaro and Bonomo in Tarigan, 1973:119). Reading typically is bringing meaning to rather
than gaining of meaning from the printed pages. Horn points out that the author does nnnnot
relayy conveys idas to the reader; he will stimulate it ang make of his own based from his
previous experiences. It is much more than recognition of the symbols; rather it includes the
arousal of making and generating meaning from the printed symbols. Efective reading includes
experiencing, learning and thinking. It frequently requires reflection, judgment, analysis,
ynthesis, selection and the critical evaluation of what is being read. Certainly, the printed
symbols and the sense of sight are necessary elements in reading according to Smith and
Dechant.

Villamin considers reading as the key that unlocks the door to the world of
enlightenment and enjoyment and the basic tool for learning in the content field. It is the most
important component in learning process and social interaction. Needless to say, reading is
social activity that engage human into the world. It helps the students to know better the world
around them and come to know better of themselves. It serves as the starting points in the
learning processs of the students. This supported Smith and Dechant who believed that
reading is a key to success in school, to the development of out-of-school interests, to the
enjoyment of leisure time and to personal and social adjustment. It helps to adjust to her/his
environment from age mate, family, teachers and for the preparation of future occupation and
social responsibilities.
 One of the most difficult problems of the teacher nowadays is to promote new reading
skills to the students wh have failed to acquire independent reading habits.

Educational Psychologists tell that purposeful practice is essential to the mastery of any
complex skill. Likely as not, the reading activities of students outside the school are virtually
nonexixtent. Without sufficient follow up and practice it is difficult for he students to retain the
skills and knowledge taught to him in prvious graders. It appears that teaching students inside
the school is merely not enough. Teachers must be aware of the ned to incalculate students
with a deep and abiding interest in reading.

Based on the background of the study above the researcher conducts Descriptive research on
title “Effects of Motivation on the Reading Habits of 8 Graders of Pinaglabanan National High
School in Academic year 2018/2019”.
1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study Reading is one of the important skills in
English and it gives many benefits for us. Reading is the window of the world. By reading,
people can get more knowledge and information from books, magazines, newspapers, and
others. Reading is the most important component in learning process and social interaction
because, first, reading is an indispensable communication tool in a civilized society. Second,
that the reading materials produced in any period of time in history most influenced by social
background. Third, developments, that over the period of the recorded history of reading has
led to two very different poles. (Grey in Tarigan, (1957:1099). Reading is bringing meaning to
and getting meaning from printed or written material (Finochiaro and Bonomo in Tarigan,
1973:119). Through the reading activity, the students can enlarge their knowledge and it can
also make them wise and respectful. Students’ reading ability must be developed. Teachers
have duties to develop their skill and ability. Everything teachers do in reading class should be
designed to build students’ ability to understand increasingly complex content of the texts. The
methods, techniques, and teaching media that is chosen and used by the teacher will influence
the success of teaching learning process and students achievement. In the teaching reading
activities a good method, media, and strategy are needed in this research. A good method can
be an 2 effort he students’ reading ability better. Media and strategy also make the class to be
alive during the reading lesson. By developing good method, technique and media students are
expected to be able to have an active learning. Active learning can make the students
interested in the reading lesson that given to them, not only silent or passive in the teaching
and learning process. There are four skills in learning process; listening, reading, speaking, and
writing. In this research, the writer will focus on reading skill, because in SMP Muhammadiyah 1
Ponorogo many students have problems in understand this subject and they always confused
to master the reading text. Reading is the important subject to be taught in the school. In
reading learning process the student must understand what the content of text to get the
information from it. Reading is process to transfer the science from book to brain from writer to
reader, and this information will not received with the readers if they did not understand what
the content of the text. Other problem in reading is lack of vocabularies and also pronunciation.
From that many problems, they will have an opinion that English learning is a difficult in
particular the reading skill. The students know from their test result that they always failed in
the reading text. This matter will out from the goal of teaching learning. The solution of thus
problems is that the teacher should know more about approach, method, and strategy in
learning English, as the method will support the teacher way to make his teaching learning
more effective. Based on the explanation above, the writer wants to use a Context Clues
Strategy as a teaching technique. Context clues are information in the text, which 3 can be used
to help deduce the meaning of an unknown vocabulary word within the text. Context clues are
words, pictures, graphs, tables, and side notes, all of which might be included in the text.
Context clues can be clear and direct the reader easily to the meaning of the word. Clear
context clues will provide information about the definition or synonym of a word. (Reardon,
2011:4). This strategy is appropriate to make the students understand about the words,
paragraph or text because they know about the definition, synonym, antonym, or example
about the words, phrase, paragraph, or text. The student will get more detail information about
the text and can understand it easily. It will help student to study to become an expert of
reading text. The advantage for teachers is they will get a new knowledge about the teaching
method to improve the teaching learning process and make the study more attractive.
Consequently it will improve the student motivation in reading. Based on the background of the
study above the researcher conducts classroom action research on title “Improving the
Students’ Reading Comprehension Through Context Clues Strategy At The Eighth Grade Of SMP
Muhammadiyah 1 Ponorogo In Academic Year 2015/2016”. 1.2 Research Problem Based on
background study above, the statement of problem of this research is “Does Context Clues
Strategy improve the student’s reading comprehension at the eighth grade of SMP
Muhammadiyah 1 Ponorogo in academic year 2015/2016?” 4 1.3 Purpose of the Study The
purpose of study is to know the improvement the student’s reading comprehension at the
eighth grade of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Ponorogo through Context Clues Strategy in academic
year 2015/2016. 1.4 The Significant of the Study The result of this expected to be useful for:
1.4.1 The Students To motivate and make enthusiasm the students in the learning process
especially in reading teaching and helpful for students will be able to create more enjoyable
and meaningful learning. 1.4.2 The Teacher This method makes the teacher easy in teaching
reading and this expect to give useful contribution in teaching reading and give another way for
the teacher develop student’s reading. 1.4.3 The School This research useful to improve the
quality of education and develop English language teaching of the school 1.4.4 The Researcher
The researcher will improve his knowledge in teaching reading method and have experience in
observation and apply with classroom action research at school. 5 1.5 Scope and Limitation
Scope : There are some methods in teaching reading such as: reading guide, context clues
strategy, jigsaw, but in this research the researcher use context clues reading strategy as
teaching reading. Limitation: : The researcher used context clues reading to improve student’s
reading comprehension at eighth grade of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Ponorogo 1.6 Definition of
Key-Terms To avoid mistakes and misunderstanding terms and content of the topic in this
study, it is necessary to define the key-terms used in this study: Reading Ability : The efficiency
to draw meaning from the printed page and interpret this information appropriately (Grabe and
Stoller, 2002:09) Context Clues Strategy : Context clues are information in the text, which can
be used to help deduce the meaning of an unknown vocabulary word within the text. Context
clues are words, pictures, graphs, tables, and side notes, all of which might be included in the
text. Context clues can be clear and direct the reader 6 easily to the meaning of the word. Clear
context clues will provide information about the definition or synonym of a word. (Reardon,
2011:4).