LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

QUARTER 2nd / WEEK _4___

Name:______________________________________________ Score:__________

Grade & Section ____________________________________ Subject: ENGLISH

Name of Teacher: ___________________________________ Date: ___________

I. Title: Comparing and Contrasting Information

II. Type of Activity: Concept notes with formative activities

LAS for summative assessment ( Written Work Performance
Task)
III. MELC: Analyze literature as a means of understanding unchanging values in the
VUCA (volatile, uncertain, complex, ambiguous) world
EN9RC-Iia-3.2.7: Compare and contrast similar information presented in different
texts
IV. Learning Objective/s:
To determine the steps in comparing and contrasting information
To identify examples of graphic organizers used for comparing and
contrasting
To apply the steps in comparing and contrasting in analyzing texts
V. References
For Online Resources:
Donnchaidh n.d., Literacy Ideas, retrieved from
https://www.literacyideas.com/compare-and-contrast , October 20, 2020.

Write Design Online, retrieved from

https://www.writedesignonline.com/organizers/comparecontrast.html, October 20,
2020.

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The Writing Center- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, retoreved from:
https://writingcenter.unc.edu/tips-and-tools/comparing-and-contrasting/, October 20,
2020

University of Texas System/Texas Education Agency, retrieved from:

https://buildingrti.utexas.org/sites/default/files/documents/EL_scaffolds_module_com
bined_HOs.pdf, October 20, 2020

Act Academy, retrieved from: https://actacademy.act.org/assessment/compare-and-

contrast-two-texts-with-similar-themes-or-topics/1073548, October 20, 2020

ER Services, retrieved from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-

englishcomp1v2/chapter/writing-for-success-comparecontrast/, October 20, 2020

VI. Concept Notes with Formative Activities

Compare, in relation to reading, refers to the process of identifying the
similarities and differences between two things. On the other hand, Contrast refers
to identifying only the differences between two things. While the distinction
between these two terms may appear on the surface to be quite subtle, it is
important that students can accurately differentiate between the two concepts to
ensure they are able to answer questions and prompts accurately.

Ways to Help You Compare and Contrast

Though we have established that comparing and contrasting serves as a
good introduction to the higher-order reading skills, you can often find these types
of questions challenging. The best thing we can do to effectively compare and
contrast information is to:

Step 1: Analyze the Text

If, for example, the question asks you to contrast the opinions of two critics
on the use of metaphor in a poem, you need only focus on the parts of the text
where the critics deal with metaphor and, furthermore, you need only focus on
where these two opinions differ. On the other hand, if the question asks you to
compare the views of the two critics, they must focus on both similarities and
differences in their answer. 

Step 2: Identify Similarities and Differences in the Content

Once you have identified the purpose of the writing prompt or the nature of
the question, they can start to read the text and take note of the similarities and
differences in terms of content. You can begin the process by highlighting or
underlining the appropriate information in the text. They can then record this
information in note form or bullet points. These are often sufficient for you to
prepare for writing. However, it is often helpful for you to use graphic organizers to
visually display the information they extract. Venn diagrams are particularly
suitable for displaying comparisons as they can usefully display areas of
difference, as well as any overlapping similarities. Venn diagrams can easily
accommodate a comparison of multiple ideas through the addition of more circles
in the diagram.

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Step 3: Identify Similarities and Differences in the Structure
Once you have examined and identified the similarities and differences in
terms of content, you can begin to look at how the texts compare and contrast in
regards to structure. This will require you to give consideration to the genre of
each text. Often, you are asked to compare texts that are in the same genre.
Sometimes, however, you will be asked about texts which share a common a
theme, but are presented in different genres. Depending on the exact nature of the
question, you may look at a variety of elements of structure, including how the text
is presented in terms of:
●     The length of sentences and paragraphs
●     The progression of ideas and arguments
●     The point of view expressed (Informative? Emotional?)
●     The use of stylistic elements, such as irony, humor, emotional appeals etc
●     The setting, characters, and plot in fiction
●     The use of facts and statistics in nonfiction.

Step 4: Identify Similarities and Differences in Media

Advances in technology make it ever more important that you develop you
literacy skills in media beyond the printed word. When you think of reading a text,
you must ensure to recognize that texts can be visual and audio in nature too. As
part of learning to compare and contrast texts, you should be offered opportunities
to compare texts in a variety of media. Many will encounter, whether in print or
online, information presented in a variety of ways, including diagrams, charts,
photographs, and illustrations - to name a few. Online texts especially may contain
embedded videos and audio tracks. These elements should not be ignored as they
are an intrinsic part of how the text operates and, therefore, you should be
prepared to compare and contrast these too.

Step 5: Evaluate
Now that you have analyzed closely the question or writing prompt,
identified the similarities and differences in content, structure, and media used
across the texts, it is time for you to evaluate the texts and offer their opinion on
their overall merit or effectiveness. The following questions are suggestions of
areas to focus on to evaluate the texts:
●     Which of the texts is the most convincing?
●     Which of the texts best employs appropriate media?
●     Which of the texts is the most enjoyable?
In the evaluation you can choose to focus on the most interesting, relevant, and
informative material they have identified to illustrate the wider thesis of their
opinion.

In comparing and contrasting information, there a lot of graphic organizers that

can help you visualize the texts you are analyzing, some are as follows:
1. Venn Diagram
A Venn diagram is a visual tool used to compare and contrast two or more
objects, events, people, or concepts. It is often used in language arts and
math classes to organize differences and similarities.
A Venn diagram can also be used to:
 Visualize Information for a Compare-and-Contrast Essay: For example, a
student may need to compare the differences between a fish and a whale.

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 They are alike because they both live in the water and that is written in the
overlap. Only fish have scales so that would go in the fish-only circle. Only
whales breathe air and that would go in the whale-only circle.
 Brainstorm Ideas When Writing a Story: For example, each circle may
represent a character in the story and a student may write down personality
traits or events that happen to each character separately, then use the
overlap to figure out where the characters' interact in the story.
 Help Make Decisions: A Venn diagram can also be used like a list of pros
and cons when making a decision. Maybe your child wants to get a pet and
you have given permission, but they cannot decide whether they want a dog
or cat. You can use a Venn diagram to help them decide (and get a teaching
moment in at the same time).

Types of Venn diagrams

There are many types of Venn diagrams you can use to express ideas or analyze
data. Here are a few types:
 Two-circle diagram. Venn's two-circle diagram shows the relationship
between two sets of information. The two circles usually overlap vertically, so
one shape is on the left and the other is on the right.

 Three-circle diagram. His three-circle diagram shows the relationship

between three groups of information. Usually, two of the sets are oriented like
they would be if only two sets of information were available. The third set
intersects the other two
horizontally (up or down).

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2. T Chart

A T Chart (or T-Chart) is a graphic organizer that separates information into

columns, traditionally for comparing. It gets its name from the basic version with
two columns: it looks like the letter "T" and is both versatile and commonly used
across all subjects.
T Charts Help You:
 Compare and contrast two or more items
 Separate information into groups
 Show change

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 3. Compare and Contrast Matrix
This organizer is used for comparing and contrasting two concepts along
several different aspects. You can control the number of aspects used in the
chart as well as have optional labels for each.

Task 1 You Can Do This

Instructions: Read the following questions carefully and encircle the correct answer.
1. The following are the relevance of Comparing and Contrasting EXCEPT.
a. Improve comprehension
b. Develops Higher order reading skills
c. Better retain information
d. None of the above

2. When you want to compare and contrast information, what qualities should
you look for?
a. similarities
b. differences
c. similarities and differences
d. none of the above

3. The following are effective ways in comparing and contrasting EXCEPT.

a. Analyze the text
b. Evaluate the text
c. Identify the language features of the text
d. all of the above

4. Before comparing and contrasting two information, one must NOT

___________.
a. Understand the information
b. Read the information
c. Validate the information
d. Skim the information

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 5. What does it mean to compare things?
a. Look at the differences
b. Look at the similarities
c. Look at the similarities and differences
d. none of the above

Task 2
Instructions: Below are different types of information. Analyze each information
carefully and identify what source did it came from.
Choices:
T-CHART VENN DIAGRAM COMPARE AND CONTRAST MATRIX

Answer Statements

1. A diagram that uses circles to show the relationship between two sets
of information.
2. A graphic organizer that separates information into two columns,
traditionally for comparing.
3. Uses boxes to show similarities and differences between two things in
terms of their attributes.
4. A diagram that has overlapping section intended to sight similarities of
two concepts.
5. Use to analyze similarities and differences between two things
(people, places, events, ideas, etc.), by placing individual
characteristics in either the left or right sections.

Task 3
Instructions: Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false.
1. You can compare more than two things.
2. You can’t contrast more than two things.
3. Comparing and contrasting can only be done in a single graphic
organizer.
4. Comparing and contrasting prove the superiority of one thing by
contrasting it with another thing.
5. Comparing is similar to contrasting texts.

Task 4 You Can Do More

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Instructions: Analyze the following sentences

1. In which of the situations could you compare and contrast?

a. You are voting for class president and there are three students running.
b. You are deciding what the major differences are between the first and last
Harry Potter books.
c. You are writing an essay about which time period you’d rather live in: the
1980s or 1880s.
d. All of the above

2. Kelvin is writing about the Greek myths that he recently read. He describes
how they each focus on a hero’s quest and how each hero is different. Kelvin
is ________.
a. Comparing Greek myths but not contrasting them
b. Comparing and contrasting Greek myths
c. Comparing Greek myths with roman myths
d. Not comparing nor contrasting
3. Before you compare and contrast, you should
a. Choose one difference between the items that is most important
b. Define the items
c. Pick which item is better
d. None of the above
4. If you’re comparing and contrasting three items, you ________.
a. Can’t use a Venn Diagram
b. Can add a third circle to your Venn Diagram
c. Only have to describe two of them
d. Can compare them without contrasting
5. Which of the following statements contrasts mammals and reptiles?
a. Humans are mammals.
b. Mammals are warm blooded while reptiles are cold blooded
c. Both mammals and reptiles are vertebrates
d. Mammals and reptiles live in the same habitat

Task 5
Instructions: Read and analyze the text below, then answer the questions that
follow.

“A ger is a home that is circular and looks like a tent. It was often used by the
people of Mongolia. Gers are easy to take down and put up. In fact, when the ger is
collapsed or folded down, one animal can take it to the next place. This is perfect for
people who need to move from one place to another quickly. Unlike the ger, an
adobe house does not move from one place to another. It is permanent and it is
meant to stay in one place for a long time. An adobe house is built with bricks made
of clay, water, and straw. A ger, on the other hand, is made with wooden poles and
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canvas material. Adobe houses are perfect for people who live in hot climates. The
bricks keep the home cool when it is hot. In contrast, a ger is great for cold and warm
weather. “

1. Does this paragraph compare and contrast two things? Yes No

2. If no, how do you know it is not a compare and contrast paragraph?
3. If yes, what two things are being compared?
4. Circle the clue words in the paragraph that show that the author is comparing
and contrasting information.

Task 6
Instructions: Based on your understanding about the sources of information
discussed earlier, write your own definition of the following words below.

COMPARE CONTRAST
______________________ ______________________
______________________ ______________________
___________________ ___________________

COMPARE AND
CONTRAST
______________________
______________________
___________________
.

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Task 7 Challenge Yourself
Instructions: Read and compare the two texts below by answering the questions
that follow.

Text 1:

"A Divine Image" by William Blake

    Cruelty has a human heart,

    And Jealousy a human face;
    Terror the human form divine,
    And Secrecy the human dress.

    The human dress is forged iron,

    The human form a fiery forge,
    The human face a furnace sealed,
    The human heart its hungry gorge.

Text 2:

    "Humans can be so cruel to each other," she said.

    "I know," he said. "Humans are not very nice at all."

1. How are the two reading texts different in terms of composition and
structure?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

2. What do the two texts have in common?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

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Task 8
Instructions: Read the following stories from the link below, and compare and
contrast these two using the Compare and Contrast Matrix below.

“Anna Karenina” by Leo Tolstoy

https://tinyurl.com/LAS-story1

“Romeo and Juliet”

https://tinyurl.com/LAS-story2

COMPARE AND CONTRAST MATRIX

Anna Karenina Romeo and Juliet

Theme

Setting

Conflict

Task 9
Instructions: Using the stories from Task 7, compare and contrast the main
characters using the Venn diagram below.

Task 10 Level Up

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Instructions: Read the following articles from the link below, and analyze the
information using the T-Chart. Use the guide questions in filling out the chart that
follows.
1. What is the mode of learning then and now?
2. What are the issues of education then and now?
3. Site some information which make the two articles differ from each other in
terms of learning modality then and now.

Article 1
https://tinyurl.com/LAS-article1

Article 2
https://tinyurl.com/LAS-article2

T CHART
ARTICLE 1 ARTICLE 2

Task 11
Instructions: After learning about the use of outside information sources, identify if
the following statements are key takeaways or not by placing them accordingly in the
boxes that follow.
Statements:
1. A compare-and-contrast allow one to analyze two or subjects by either
comparing them, contrasting them, or both.

2. The purpose of comparing and contrasting is not to state the obvious and to
illuminate subtle differences or unexpected similarities between two subjects.

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 3. The key to a good compare-and-contrast essay is to choose only two subjects
that connect in a meaningful way.

4. Drawing distinctions between elements in a similar category will increase the

audience’s understanding of that category

5. Comparison in writing discusses elements that are similar, while contrast in

writing discusses elements that are different. 
TAKE IT LEAVE IT
 

Task 12

Instructions: Construct a paragraph using the Venn diagram below.

SOURCE: https://www.edrawmax.com/venn-diagram/

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