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Attachment Report Sample
Attachment Report Sample
ATTACHMENT REPORT
ADM.NO : IN12/20235/13
DURATION : 3 MONTHS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This chapter explains the purpose, scope and limitations. It also gives an introduction to the
Kenya News Agency, including its background, mission, vision and main business.
This chapter summarizes the background information of the Kenya News Agency as well as the
student’s responsibilities.
This chapter discusses the training and research done by the students, as well as the results of the
implementation.
This chapter gives the overall conclusion of the industrial attachment and further
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DECLARATION
I, Otieno Lawrence, hereby declare that this training report is my original work and has not been
submitted before for any academic award either in this or other institutions of higher learning for
academic publication or any other purpose. The references used here from other journals or
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AKNOWLEDGEMENT
First, I want to thank the Almighty God for bringing me this far and keeping me sound and safe
The development of this report took the effort, support and guidance of a number of people
I am grateful to my course COD Dr. Vincent Moracha for his guidance and constructive
criticisms.
I also wish to pay tribute to my attachment field supervisor, Mr. Dan Oduor who edited my
submitted copies and guided me on ways of improving my skills in gathering news and writing
I also thank my mother Peres Onyango whose moral and financial support has remained
unrelenting, my sister Phenila Onyango, dear friends and colleague journalists at KNA whose
I cannot end this list without paying tribute to the entire Kisii University FIST Lecturers
particularly those from the department of Communication Studies for their constructive training
and the knowledge they have imparted in me throughout the three years training. May God bless
you all.
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DEDICATION
I wish to dedicate this work to my mother Peres Onyango whose moral and financial support has
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ABSTRACT
The purpose of this report is to provide the details of the institution of attachment, a description
of all the activities undertaken during the attachment period, the lessons learnt and challenges
Katherine B (2013) Argues that, a robust media is a key pillar in any democratic nation and the
robustness can only be achieved by practicing objective journalism without fear or favor.
The need to conglomerate the old media and modern technology has transformed the media
landscape dramatically offering a steadily swelling flow of materials through many channels and
the goal to address the increasing need to have access to an enormous and diverse array of
knowledge on televisions, magazines, internet, radio and even mobile phones calls for creativity
and the writing of ‘the day two’ story, Josephine Kinuthia – Head KNA.
This project which contributed to part of the above allowed me to acquire the vast knowledge of
Jane and Annabel (2005) describes Peace journalism as solution oriented, giving voice to the
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DEFINITION OF TERMS
Intro is the first paragraph of a story.
work setting during which the student applies and acquires knowledge and skills.
Point and shoot camera is a camera specifically designed for still photography.
HDV Video Camera is a high definition video camera for quality videography.
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ABBREVIATIONS
1. KNA – Kenya News Agency
5. IT – Information Technology
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CHARTS
Table 1.1. KNA, County organogram...................................................................page 7
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...............................................................................................................i
DECLARATION.............................................................................................................................ii
AKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................................................................................iii
DEDICATION................................................................................................................................iv
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................v
DEFINITION OF TERMS.............................................................................................................vi
ABBREVIATIONS.......................................................................................................................vii
CHARTS.......................................................................................................................................viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................ix
CHAPTER ONE..............................................................................................................................1
1.0 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................1
1.1 PURPOSE..............................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER TWO...........................................................................................................................12
2.2. Objectives............................................................................................................................12
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CHAPTER THREE.......................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER FOUR..........................................................................................................................23
4.1. Summary.............................................................................................................................23
4.3. Conclusion...........................................................................................................................25
4.4. Recommendations...............................................................................................................25
CHAPTER FIVE............................................................................................................................27
5.1. References...........................................................................................................................27
5.2 Appendix..............................................................................................................................28
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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Industrial Attachment was introduced to inspire the students with practical and technical skills,
as a partial fulfillment for the award of a Certificate, Diploma or a Degree and to introduce the
The training time allows the students to link the theoretical principles learnt in the higher
learning institutions and the real life professional and technical application.
It gives the students the practical skills and the work environment philosophy, to use their skills
and principles learned in class to serve the institutions and the society in general.
Due to the above reasons, Kisii University has organized 12 weeks of training in any institution
of students’ choice to give every student an opportunity to apply the skills and knowledge
achieved during the course of study and to acquire new skills in managing relationship and
This is the reason why I joined KNA to be trained in order to get practical skills and cut a niche
1.1 PURPOSE
The industrial attachment program fulfils part of the requirement for the award of a Bachelor’s
This report therefore provides a summary of the activities and duties carried out, as well as
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though covers a limited geographical scope with a major focus on Homa Bay County.
The County is constituted of eight Sub Counties; Rachuonyo North, South and East, Mbita,
Suba, Rangwe, Homa Bay and Ndhiwa in which my practical application revolved.
However, I was at times involved in various activities within the South Nyanza Region which
earlier with the Kenya Information Service (KIS) formed in 1939 to disseminate information
on World War II, in 1945. After the war, the service changed its name to the African Information
Service (AIS) and it served as an information unit mainly for the white settlers of the colonial
British government.
Between 1953 and 1954 the AIS became the Department of Information with the appointment of
the first Director of Information and the first press officers. The new Department consisted of
Organizations and Information and Reference sections. It was administered from the Office of
the Chief Secretary, who at the time was Richard Turnbull. The Department of Information
served mainly as a propaganda machine especially during the state of emergency between 1954
and 1960
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In 1962 in the lead up to independence, the Department was moved to the Ministry of State for
Constitutional Affairs and Administration under then Hon. Ronald Ngala. On December 5, 1963,
the agency was rebranded to the Kenya News Agency. On December 12, 1963 Kenya attained
self-rule and the Office of the Prime Minister was established with Jomo Kenyatta as the first
Prime Minister of Kenya. Kenyatta convened his cabinet with the Hon. Achieng Oneko as the
first Minister for Information, Broadcasting and Tourism. The Ministry’s functions then included
Information Service (including Publications & Photographic Services) and the then newly
As a state-owned agency the Kenya News Agency was expected to project a positive image of
Kenya and promote the work of the Government. With a national network, the Agency was
initially the primary source of news report from outside the capital Nairobi, but as the road
networks expanded and internet infrastructure improved, access to the rural areas became easier
and more affordable for private sector news organization to send their own reporters to cover
The agency’s headquarter is in Nairobi and is currently run by the Department of Information
under the ministry of ICT. News reports are created by KNA reporters in 72 County and Sub-
County offices and disseminated from the National Editorial Desk (Press Office) in Nairobi
to subscribers made up of news media companies in Kenya and around the world. Their
services also include Electronic/TV News Unit, Mobile Cinema and Photographic Services.
Being a state owned news agency, KNA works hand in hand with KBC and its affiliate
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Baraza [1939]
Pamoja [1939]
Kenya Today
include;
i. To inform
The agency has continuously updated its adverse mass audience by relaying breaking news,
informative communications among others by the use of the different state broadcast media and
the internet.
ii. To educate
Through its several products, the house has educative programmes aimed at enlightening its mass
audience. For instance, KBC has an array of health and other critical programmes that educates
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iii. To entertain
KNA and the KBC have several programmes both in print and broadcast with entertainment as
sole aim. For instance Home Grown Live on KBC is tailored to entertain audience.
Through its editorial and other articles, The KNA, like any other information agency has
continuously set agenda for the nation. For instance, during the nationwide CORD
demonstrations that lasted for about one and half a month, the house carried stories on the
demonstrations with the aim of pushing the government and opposition to reach amicable
solution.
All these are achieved through reporting, publishing and broadcasting relevant and timely
content through the group’s talented and professional staff across all the multimedia platforms.
Mission: To gather, process, package and disseminate news and information for national
Mandate: To provide news and information to enable the public make informed decisions on
Key Objectives
Gather, process, package and disseminate news and information for development to the
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Tap and utilize modern technology to avail accurate, timely and quality news
relevant stakeholders.
Popularize Kenya vision 2030 through rural press publications and mobile
cinema services.
Digitize and archive historic information materials for current and posterity use.
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County Information
Officer
Head
Broadcast
Head Print Department Secretariat
Subordina
te
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KNA which has its headquarters in Nairobi has a centralized system of management with
At the regional level, like South Nyanza, Bureau chief acts as the regional editors assume the
administration role of supervising other staff and implementation of directives from the head
office.
He/she helps the company identify personnel who can work for the group at various
Editorial department
This is the department that execute the core mandate of the agency of gathering and
disseminating information to the mass audience among other roles as mentioned above.
The department is headed by the Editorial director, Chief Editor, Managing Editor and supported
This department has editors, reporters, correspondents, camera persons, photographers among
Commercial department
Though the agency is owned by the state, the services are never provided for freely.
This team is involved in looking for clients to place advertisements in both the print and
broadcast platforms.
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It is a very crucial department since advertisement forms the major source of income for any
media outlet.
The department works hand-in-hand with the editorial department in executing its roles for
The department is headed by Commercial director and supported by other staff holding
Those engaged in the sales and marketing for advertisements are known as executive officers.
As the name suggest, this department deals with sales and circulation of the agency’s products.
They ensure the group’s products like magazines reach consumers in time in all parts of the
country.
The department assign magazine vendors and other players in the sale of the group’s products.
The editorial department is headed by Editorial Director, Chief Editor and Managing Editor in
that order.
At the county level, the County editor who is also the County Information officer works to check
factual, grammatical, spelling errors and other mistakes in a story before submitting to Sub-
editors based in Nairobi. He/she takes the administrative role and manages the county’s activities
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This department engages in gathering news, conducting interviews, writing news stories,
editorial pieces, and opinion pieces among other roles entailing information dissemination.
Editorial department executes the core mandate of the agency of keeping its audience informed
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Table 1.2
Director KNA
Technic Operations
al Staff
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CHAPTER TWO
2.0. PROJECT BACKGROUND
2.1 Period of attachment
The field attachment which lasted for a period of twelve weeks started on 3rd May and ended on
3rd August of the year 2016. The period was characterized by executing duties both in the field
for example attending press conferences and office functions. Being a busy News Agency, I
2.2. Objectives
With the stiff competition in the media industry, I joined KNA with determination to cut a niche
for myself in the profession. This entailed doing much on my own without waiting for directive
from my internal supervisor and getting out of the way to create contact with sources of
To learn how to engage sources of information in soliciting for news through interviews.
This required some unique skills which make the interviewee feel at home while being
It is upon the journalist to identify a story and to pick on a story angle after attending press
conferences, functions among other news sourcing platforms. To learn how to write an
Writing an intro has always proved difficult even to seasoned writers. The intro should however
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Many journalists in Kenya have always shown more interest in writing stories involving
politicians ignoring the plight of the poor in the society. Towards this, I executed stories
involving people with humble backgrounds and the unique things they do to positively impact
the society.
The industry is very competitive and for one to create a mark they must engage in carrying out
unique stories. I have created a niche by writing Feature stories in The Eye Magazine which is
published monthly.
In journalism, sources of information are very crucial for one to survive in the media industry.
They help you identify stories which turn to be main stories for the day. One also has to maintain
them by agreeing to their terms i.e. concealing their identities if they are not comfortable it being
disclosed.
Media houses are abuzz with activities and meeting deadlines is a mandatory requirement. And
because of the need of every media house to be the first to break news, every journalist strives to
meet the given deadlines to keep their media houses at the top of the game.
my internal supervisor for subsequent submission to the head office for publishing. In addition,
because of print media knowledge I gathered through continuous writing for campus’ monthly
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magazine ‘The Campus Blaze’ I fitted to the in-house style of the house and could be trusted
The agency assigned me to cover court news ranging from civil to criminal cases. Some of the
court stories I wrote and were published included a death sentence story involving a grandmother
killing a grandson ‘Grandmother sentenced to death for killing grandson’ among other very
I was assigned by my internal supervisor to cover police stories and could go to the police station
for The County Commander’s press briefing. I also managed to create contact within the police
service in Homa Bay County and was capable of sourcing crime stories within the area.
I could also be given opportunity to cover proceedings of Homa Bay County Assembly. For
instance, I covered the county’s budget reading for the fiscal year 2016/2017.
I was assigned duty by my internal supervisor to cover sports stories majorly the Lake region
volley ball tournament that was held in Homa Bay High school sports ground.
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Community mobilization
As a young, energetic communication expert, I was assigned duties, not once to do a community
mobilization accompanied by the relevant stakeholders. The mobilizations were for the
community members to attend various functions within the county with the main advocacy
carried out for the County Education day and the Madaraka day celebrations.
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CHAPTER THREE
3.0 TRAINING, RESEARCH AND IMPLEMENTATION
3.1. Major activities involved
Being an agency whose main agenda is to disseminate information, I was mainly engaged in
news gathering, processing, packaging and dissemination. Some of the activities I was involved
in include;
Conducting interviews
As a source of news gathering, I was involved in conducting interviews both one-on-one and
phone interviews. This was in view of generating factual information and packaging the
Press conferences and functions being another major source of information to be used in news
writing, I was being assigned to attend the same with the view of identifying stories before
writing.
For the three-month period, I was fully engaged in writing both news and feature stories for The
KNA website and the Eye Magazine. Like any other journalist employee of the agency, I was
given a target of eighty stories during the entire period and was also expected to submit story
ideas (famously known as docketing) for the day every morning which were later sent to head
Table 1.3.
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DAYS KEY
mobilization
workshop
During the field attachment I managed to make my byline active through submission of quality
and balanced stories as per the canons of journalism making my stories be published on the
The profession also requires personal drive to enable one execute stories of human interest under
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As an intern I managed to write a story which The Eye Magazine carried as its main story for the
July publication. Headline stories are carefully chosen by the papers’ managing editor in
consultation with other senior editors and are always of the public interest.
Through consistent submission of sport stories to The Eye magazine and the agency’s
editorial desk, I won the editor’s confidence and have since become a regular contributor.
The stories whose main objective is to inform the public on what is trending in the world
of sports has earned me recognition and the editor always contact to find out what stories I
The passion for sports writing has also seen me secure an opportunity to do national sports
stories for the Kenyan weekly newspaper and at times the People Daily newspaper.
Mastery of the in-house style of a media house makes ones stories be accepted for publishing by
the house. I pride myself of quick mastery of The KNA house style, an achievement that
After staying with the agency for a couple of weeks, the County Information Officer and his
KBC counterpart could assign me major tasks due to the quality stories I did.
The hard-work and knowledge of what I was expected to do earned me the rare opportunities of
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The supervisor could also at times instruct me to assist my colleague attachés in finding the best
angle to develop a news/feature story after collecting facts. This to me was a motivation and it
For one to be able to execute some of the assignment perfectly they must be able to learn some
of these skills.
Interviewing skills
This is a major source of news soliciting and is very important in developing a story. During my
stay at KNA I could be assigned duties which involved conducting either one-on-one interviews
or phone interviews and for one to be successful in conducting such he/she must learn the
interviewing skills.
Being a journalist entails developing skills to identify and follow news and feature stories for the
media house. The three-month attachment acquainted me with the skills thereby making me fit
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I learnt several skills in journalistic writings. For instance, court beats have unique
terminologies involved i.e. Mitigation. The field attachment also enabled me sharpen my skills
in intro writing which is very important as it makes readers develop interest in the piece of
writing.
In-house style
Every media house has its own writing style known as In-house style. The period offered me the
opportunity to learn The KNA writing style. I also learnt the kind of stories given priority by the
agency.
Story development
Good stories should have roots for growth. It’s upon the journalist to give a story ability to grow
concerned to act in remedy of the issue/problem, the story should not have unprofessional
mutilation of the official principle of accuracy and fairness (Prof. Joe Kadhi in the Media
observer).
In the story development, I also pride myself for practicing objective journalism without any
fear or favor which should be the key mandate for professional journalists - Stuart (2004)
not go short of challenges and as Pst. Tom Muombo states, troubles never come singly. One
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Inadequate computers
KNA being a government News agency witnesses a huge absorption of interns and this was
not different from my attachment station. Despite the large number of interns, the facilities are
In my station, there were only two functional desktop computers that all the interns (Seven) used
Cameras and recorders just like pen and paper are essential tools for broadcast journalism
unfortunately, KNA (Homa Bay) is facing an ingrained challenge of lack of these essential
journalistic tools with only one voice recorder and a single Point and shoot camera.
Meeting deadlines
With two computers, one recorder and camera, meeting deadlines was very hectic and one had to
niche for myself in the journalism profession, I knew what I wanted and I had to go for it. I had
to fight tooth and nail to ensure that my professionalism is not compromised by doing the
following;
Purchasing a laptop.
In relation to the dilapidated facilities, the talk of the day would always be survival of the fittest,
and to survive more than the fittest in this case, I had to sacrifice luxury and purchase a laptop
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which helped me a lot in meeting deadlines and at times going an extra mile to even do stories
for the local dailies during my leisure times and after closure of business.
Being that most of the correspondents for the various media houses are stationed within the
agency, after recurrent interaction and creating contact with them, they could at times borrow me
their recorders, DSLR cameras and even the HDV cameras. Most of them proved friendly that I
I could however at times use my mobile phone to record the audios before transferring them to
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CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 ATTACHMENT CONCLUSION
4.1. Summary
KNA being the oldest news agency in the country and in the East Africa has continued to be
relevant to its diverse mass audience through its relevant and timely content.
This has seen the group record tremendous growth in the industry both in terms of infrastructure
and development of new platforms like The Twitter account among other channels to reach its
The agency has also continued to nurture talents in both broadcast and print media I being a
During the period, I gathered numerous skills necessary for any journalist who wants to be
successful in the industry. For instance, interviewing skills which is crucial in news sourcing,
writing skills which is necessary for any journalist be it print or broadcast among other skills.
The agency has a well-structured management headed by The Cabinet Secretary who has seen
The agency has also lived to its dream of informing, educating, and entertaining among other
improved.
The working areas I developed and improved in during my 12 weeks attachment period are the
following:
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Work effectively
My main focus was how to work effectively. I have achieved this during my attachment period
by working and using a to-do list and a diary. The to-do-list existed of work that needed to be
done first and had more priority than other daily tasks while the diary consisted of the tasks done
Work precisely
To be a complete and focused journalist, I thought of the need to work precisely. At the
beginning of my internship, I noticed that my work had lots of mistakes both in spelling and
improved in this areas by reading different dailies and journals, listening and focusing better on
my work.
Communication, not Just communication but effective communication should be part and parcel
of effective journalism. During the kickoff of my industrial attachment I had a task to improve
communicate often. This is because I at times felt unsecure about my English and the ‘Mother
tongue interference’. At the end of the internship I have improved this by communicating more
with the colleague interns, practicing journalists, interviewees and opinion shapers as well as
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Be more initiative
Creativity is what differentiates a journalist from a better journalist. When I joined KNA I had
the urge to be a better journalist and I immediately knew that to achieve this I had to be more
adventurous, more inventive and more original. After a continuous struggle, I overcame all the
retrogressive odds and secured a bit for myself (Sports reporting). I though did not ignore other
Being more initiative also gave me a challenge to conglomerate both the rational and emotional
aspects to refine a more human interest story. The driving force towards such a blend is the fact
that women and children audience are more attracted to emotions while the male audience are
4.3. Conclusion
The Ministry of Information, Communications and Technology through the KNA provides a
good background for future dissemination of information and news to the people.
It also provides a chance for training young, energetic journalists to practice their skills by giving
4.4. Recommendations
While it should be noted that the program, BA in Media and Communication, was well executed
in terms of units being covered, it is also in order for the department to review the syllabus with
It is understandable that the degree program was initially offered for those who yearned to work
in the print media, managerial positions and policy makers. This however has changed and the
degree holders are expected to do technical jobs like production and camera work among others.
It therefore calls for the department to engage its students on practical by introducing more units
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to engage them on writing skills, presenting and camera work among other productions done in
The idea to have the field attachment at the end of third year of studies was good as it gives
students opportunity to adjust in their field of study while on their last academic year. However,
it has also presented numerous challenges to students who extremely perform well at their
industrial attachment places and the companies would like to retain them.
In my opinion, it would be in order if the department will review when students go for their
attachment with the view of having it at the end of the fourth year of study.
Lastly, the Communications Department should find means of assisting students in the
department in securing attachment places especially those pursuing media. This is because of the
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CHAPTER FIVE
5.1. References
1. Katherine B (2013). Research Project: Free Speech Debate. Oxford University Printing
Press, Britain.
3. Kinuthia J. MEMO dated 14th June 2016; Guidelines to improving KNA copy.
5. McQuail D (1992) Media performance: Mass communication and the public interest.
Sage, London.
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5.2 Appendix
MEMO
To; All field stations
From; Head, KNA
Date; 14th June 2016
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5. Get onto social media; current audience trends show that the bulk of media audiences are
youthful ones with a feel for new technology. Traditional media like newspapers and
television are losing out to modern technology. This audience is on social media and they
want their news and information at the click of a button. For this reason we are
encouraging you to get onto this platform in a bid to create an outlet for our stories.
Kindly get in touch with Mde. Esther Wanjau who will guide you on how to access this
platform and how to use it. The twitter platform is the preferred one but we laud all those
on other media like FB. Continue accessing it and exploiting its versatility.
6. Strive to improve quality; it is unfortunate that we are still receiving copy that fails the
test with many structural and grammatical mistakes. Make sure you edit your own work
and make efforts to read other peoples work in a bid to improve your style. In future such
careless errors will not be tolerated. We are urging you all to strive for high standards at
personal level and before you hit ‘send’ just ask yourself if your story impresses you and
if you would publish it if you were a newspaper editor.
7. Attitude; It is important for us all to change our mind-set. Please note that editors are not
supposed to re-write your stories for you neither are there to enhance your copy; that is
your work. A nonchalant attitude that we have seen in some officers is not advisable so
let us see some changes. Send flawless copy which after editing becomes excellent. That
is the way to go.
I am aware that change is hard but in this case there are few options for us. Currently our
presence in the media is negligible and considering the investment made by government, we
need to style up. My hope is that in three years’ time we can account for 35% of all stories and
photos in local media. I look forward to this day as should you all. Let us make this a target.
JOSEPHINE KINUTHIA