Draft Updated Building Guidelines 07092020 v2
Draft Updated Building Guidelines 07092020 v2
by
DOE MESSAGE
iii
DRAFT Preface
With the enactment of the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Act of
2019, the policy of the State towards the efficient and judicious utilization
of energy has been further strengthened. The law mandates that all
building constructions, new and building retrofits, shall comply with
minimum requirements set in the Guidelines on Energy Conserving
Design of Buildings.
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Table of Contents
Message …………………………………………………………………………………….2
Preface .............................................................................................................................. 3
Table of Contents ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
Section I. Purpose .......................................................................................................... 10
Section II. Definition of Terms ...................................................................................... 11
Section III. Application and Exemption ....................................................................... 19
3.1 Application ................................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Exemptions................................................................................................................... 19
Part I. BUILDING ENVELOPE
Section IV. Overall Thermal Transfer Value of Building Envelope ............................ 20
4.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 20
4.2 OTTV Method ............................................................................................................. 22
4.3 Prescriptive Method .................................................................................................... 26
4.4 Shading Devices and Determination of the Shading Coefficient ................................ 28
4.5 Airtightness of the Building Envelope ......................................................................... 29
4.6 Reflectance of the Roof ................................................................................................ 29
Part II. MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
Section V. Air Conditioning and Ventilating System ................................................... 30
5.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................. 30
5.2 Load Calculation .......................................................................................................... 30
5.3 System Design and Sizing ............................................................................................ 31
5.4 Fan System Design Criteria ......................................................................................... 33
5.5 Pumping System Design Criteria ................................................................................ 34
5.6 Air Distribution System Design Criteria ..................................................................... 35
5.7 Controls ........................................................................................................................ 36
5.8 Piping Insulation .......................................................................................................... 42
5.9 Air Handling System Insulation .................................................................................. 43
5.10 Air Conditioning Equipment ....................................................................................... 44
5.11 Heat Recovery ............................................................................................................. 45
5.12 Thermal Comfort in Non-Air-Conditioned Building ................................................. 46
Section VI. Steam and Hot Water System .................................................................... 76
6.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 76
6.2 System Design and Sizing ............................................................................................. 76
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6.3 Minimum Equipment Efficiency ................................................................................. 75
6.4 Hot Water Temperature .............................................................................................. 77
6.5 Controls ........................................................................................................................ 78
6.6 Piping Insulation .......................................................................................................... 78
6.7 Waste Heat Recovery and Utilization ......................................................................... 79
Part III. ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
Section VII. Lighting ..................................................................................................... 85
7.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................ 85
7.2 Exemptions................................................................................................................... 85
7.3 General Requirements of Energy-Efficient Lighting Design ...................................... 85
7.4 Lighting Power Density (LPD) .................................................................................... 87
7.5 Lighting Controls ......................................................................................................... 86
7.6 Control Location ......................................................................................................... 89
7.7 Required Design Documentation................................................................................. 87
Section VIII. Electric Motors ........................................................................................ 94
8.1 AC Motors………………………………………………………………………………..94
8.2 High Efficiency Motors …………………………………………………………………97
8.3 Starting and Control Methods for Electric Motors …………………………………...98
8.4 DC Motors………………………………………………………………………………100
8.5 Pumps………………………………………………………………………………… 101
8.6 Escalators and Walkways……………………………………………………………...102
8.7 Elevators/Lift………………………………………………………………………….. 103
8.8 Required Design Documentation…………………………………………………….. 103
Section IX. Electric Power and Distribution .............................................................. 105
9.1 Scope………………………………………………………………………………….....105
9.2 Transformer ……………………………………………………………………………105
9.3 Power Supply and Distribution ………………………………………………………106
9.4 Regular Inspection, Maintenance and Audit ……………………………………….. 110
9.5 Required Design Documentation ……………………………………………………. 110
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TABLES
Table 1: Equivalent Temperature Difference for Walls
Table 2: Solar Correction Factor Wall
Table 3: Maximum U-value for Roof
Table 4: Equivalent Temperature Difference for Roof
Table 5: Solar Correction Factor for Roof
Table 6: SHGC for different WWR
Table 7: SHG C correction factor f for external fixed shading
Table 8: (table number below for revision)
Table 9: (please check title – blind text)
Table 10: (please check title – blind text )
Table 11: (please check title – blind text )
Table 12: Energy Efficiency Classification (Window Type &
Split Type)
Table 13: Values of ‘a’
Table 14: Section 12 Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values
and Standards (Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999)
Table 15: (hard to read the title, please check)
Table 16: (hard to read the title, please check)
Table 17: (hard to read the title, please check)
Table 18: (hard to read the title, please check)
Table 19: Typical Model Code Exhaust Flow Rates for
Conventional Type 1 Hood
Table 20: Maximum Water Velocity to Minimize Erosion
Table 21: Minimum Insulation Thickness for Various Pipes
Sizes
Table 22: Standard Rated conditions For Air Conditioning
Systems
Table 23: Minimum Performance Rating of Various Air
Conditioning System
Table 24: Size of Opening for Natural Lighting & Ventilation
Table 25: Fresh Air Supply for Mechanical Ventilation
Table 26: Maximum Net Exhaust Flow Rate, cfm per Linear
Foot of Hood Length (change table number below)
Table 27: Minimum Duct Insulation R Value (change table
number below)
Table 28: Minimum Piping Insulation Thickness Cooling
Systems (change table number below or crop)
Table 29: Air Conditioning Checklist
Table 30: Minimum Performance Ratings of Steam and Hot
Water Systems Equipment
Table 31: Baseline Thermal Efficiency Levels for
Commercial Water Heater Equipment
Table 32: Baseline Standby Loss Levels for Representative
Commercial Water Heater Equipment
Table 33: Minimum Pipe Insulation (Heating System)
Table 34: Minimum Piping Insulation Thickness and Hot
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Water Systems
Table 35: Renewable Energy Ready Home Solar Water
Heating Checklist
Table 36: Steam and Hot Water System Checklist
Table 37: Recommended Design Illuminance Levels
Table 38: Minimum Energy Performance, Efficacy Ranges
and Color Rendering Indices of Various Lamps
Table 39: Recommended Room Surface Reflectances
Table 40: Maximum Lighting Power Density for Building
Interiors
Table 41: Maximum Values for Lightning Power Densities
for Building Exteriors
Table 42: Control Types and Equivalent Number of Control
Points
Table 43: Minimum Acceptable Full Load Efficiency
Table 44: IEC-NEMA MEP Rating Values for AC Motors
Table 45: Types and Characteristics of Uninterruptable Power
Supply (UPS) Systems
FIGURES
Figure 1: Schematic representation of a window and related
horizontal overhang or vertical fin.
Figure 2: Circulation of Outdoor and Indoor Air in an
enthalpy (energy) recovery ventilation
Figure 3: Enthalpy or Heat Recovery Wheel
Figure 4: Wall Mounted Canopy
Figure 5: Single Island Canopy
Figure 6: Double Island Canopy
Figure 7: Back Shelf Canopy
Figure 8: Eyebrow
Figure 9: Passover
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APPENDICES
A. Obligations of Buildings
B. Percentage of Solar Radiation Absorbed by
Selected Building Materials
C. Thermal Conductivities of Building Materials
D. K-Values of Basic Materials
E. Air Space Resistances for Walls and Roofs
F. Surface Film Resistances
G. Glass Thermal Transmittance Values
H. Glass performance Data
I. Glass performance Data
J. Glass performance Data
K. Glass performance Data
L. Glass performance Data
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Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings
Section I. Purpose
1.1 To encourage and promote the energy conserving design of buildings and their
services to reduce the use of energy with due regard to the cost effectiveness,
building function, and comfort, health, safety, and productivity of the occupants.
1.2 To prescribe guidelines and minimum requirements for the energy conserving
design of new buildings and major renovation of existing buildings that fall and are
covered under this guideline and provide methods for determining compliance with
the same to make the buildings always energy-efficient.
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Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings
Air:
Ambient Air - the air surrounding a building; the source of outdoor air brought into a
building.
Exhaust air - air removed from a space and discharged to outside the building by
means of mechanical or natural ventilation.
Outdoor air - ambient air and ambient air that enters a building through a ventilation
system, through intentional openings for natural ventilation, or by infiltration.
Ventilation air - that portion of supply air that is outdoor air plus any recirculated air
that has been treated for the purpose of maintaining acceptable Indoor Air Quality.
Air Handling Unit - a device used to regulate and circulate air through a duct as part of
an air conditioning system
Best Efficiency Point (BEP) - the point along a pump curve where efficiency is the
highest.is the highest factor to assess proper operation of a pump.
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Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings
British thermal unit (Btu) - amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of
one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit.
Color Rendering – the general expression for the effect of the light source on the color
appearance of objects in conscious or subconscious comparison.
Color Rendering Index (CRI) – the measure of the degree of color shift, which objects
undergo when illuminated by the light source. Values for common light sources vary
from 20 to 99. The higher the number, the better the color rendering or color appearance
(i.e., less color shift or distortion occurs)
Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) – the absolute temperature (in degrees Kelvin)
of the light source. This indicates visual “warmth” or “coolness”. The chromacity of
general lighting lamps falls in the range of 2200 to 7500 K. For interior lighting, the
chromacity values of 4000 K and above are usually described as “cool”. Around 3500
K, light sources have a neutral appearance but, at 3000 K and below, the lighting effect
is usually judged as “warm”. Hence, the lower the number, the warmer the light (more
red content) and the higher the number, the cooler is the light (more blue content).
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Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings
Department of Energy (DOE) – refers to the agency created through R.A. No. 7638,
otherwise known as the “Department of Energy Act of 1992”, and whose functions
were expanded by R.A. No. 9136, otherwise known as the “Electric Power Industry
Reform Act of 2001”.
Double Conversion On-Line UPS – the most common type of UPS above 10kVA. In
the Double Conversion On-Line design, failure of the input AC does not cause
activation of the transfer switch, because the input AC is NOT the primary source, but is
rather the backup source. Therefore, during an input AC power failure, on-line
operation results in no transfer time. The on-line mode of operation exhibits a transfer
time when the power from the primary battery charger battery/inverter power path fails.
While a Standby and Line Interactive UPS will exhibit a transfer time when a blackout
occurs, a double conversion on-line UPS will exhibit a transfer time when there is a
large load step or inrush current. This transfer time is the result of transferring the load
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Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings
from the UPS inverter to the bypass line. Generally, this bypass line is built with dual
Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs), which are very fast, so similar to the Standby and
Line Interactive UPS, the transfer time is very brief, usually 4-6 milliseconds. Both the
battery charger and the inverter convert the entire load power flow in this design, which
causes reduced efficiency and increased heat generation.
Electric Discharge Lamp – produces light by the passage of an electric current through
a vapor or gas, initiating the discharge to fluoresce or light up. There are two kinds of
electric discharge lamp; Low Intensity Discharge (e.g., Fluorescent) and High Intensity
Discharge (e.g., Mercury vapor, Metal Halide, High & Low Pressure Sodium).
End-User - refers to any person or entity requiring the supply and delivery of electricity
for its own use
Energy - the capacity for doing work. It takes a number of forms that may be
transformed from one into another such as thermal (Heat), mechanical (work), electrical
and chemical (Btu or kW). It refers to all types of energy available commercially,
including natural gas (liquid natural gas and liquid oil gas), all heating and cooling fuels
(including district heating and district cooling), coal, transport fuels, and renewable
energy sources.
Energy Audit - refers to the evaluation of energy consumption and review of current
energy cost to determine appropriate intervention measures and efficiency projects in
which energy can be judiciously and efficiently used to achieve savings. It may refer to
a walk-through audit, a preliminary audit, or a detailed audit.
Energy conservation - refers to the reduction of losses and wastage in various energy
stages from energy production to energy consumption through the adoption of
appropriate measures that are technologically feasible, economically sound,
environmentally-friendly, and socially affordable.
Energy Efficiency - refers to the quotient of capacity over power input or capacity over
power consumption.
Energy Efficiency Class (EEC) - refers to the level of product’s class which is based
on the CSPF display on energy label.
Energy Efficiency Classification - refers to the tiers of EEC according to the ranges of
CSPF.
Energy Efficiency Ratio - the ratio of net cooling capacity (Btu per hour) to total rate
of electric input (Watt) under designated operating conditions.
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Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings
Green Energy Option Program (GEOP) - is a mechanism which shall provide end-
users the option to choose RE Resources as their source of energy.
Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) - system that helps maintain
good indoor air quality through adequate ventilation with filtration and provide thermal
comfort
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) - condition inside the building that includes air
quality, access to daylight and views, pleasant acoustic conditions, and occupant control
over lighting and thermal comfort
Line Interactive UPS – the most common design, where the battery-to-AC power
converter (inverter) is always connected to the output of the UPS. Operating the inverter
in reverse during times when the input AC power is normal provides battery charging.
When the input power fails, the transfer switch opens and the power flows from the
battery to the UPS output. With the inverter always on and connected to the output, this
design provides additional filtering and yields reduced switching transients when
compared with the Standby UPS topology. In addition, the Line Interactive design
usually incorporates a tap-changing transformer. This adds voltage regulation by
adjusting transformer taps as the input voltage varies. However, the inverter can also be
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Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings
designed such that its failure will still permit power flow from the AC input to the
output, which eliminates the potential of single point failure and effectively provides for
two independent power paths. This topology is inherently very efficient which leads to
high reliability while at the same time providing superior power protection.
Luminaire Efficiency - the ratio between the luminous flux emitted by the luminaire
and the luminous flux of the lamp (or lamps) installed in the luminaire
Luminous Efficacy (ƞ) – the efficiency with which the electrical power consumed is
converted into light and its unit of measure is lm/W
Luminous Flux (Φ) – is the light output of a light source and its unit of measure is
Lumen (lm)
Luminous Intensity (I) – is the measure of light output in a specified direction and the
unit of measure is Candela (cd)
Renewable Energy (RE) Resources - refer to energy resources that do not have an
upper limit on the total quantity to be used. Such resources are renewable on a regular
basis, and whose renewal rate is relatively rapid to consider availability over an
indefinite period of time. These include, among others, biomass, solar, wind,
geothermal, ocean energy, and hydropower conforming with internationally accepted
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Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings
norms and standards on dams, and other emerging renewable energy technologies.
Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER) - energy efficiency rating for central air
conditioners.
SHGC correction factor of the shading device - is the ratio between the incoming
solar radiation behind a shading device and the incoming solar radiation in front of a
shading device.
Solar Factor – is the factor for vertical surfaces, which has been experimentally
determined for this geographical zone.
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient SHGC of Glazing - is the ratio between the incoming
solar radiation behind a glazing and the incoming solar radiation in front of a glazing.
Standby-Ferro UPS – was once the dominant form of UPS. This design depends on a
special saturating transformer that has three windings (power connections). The primary
power path is from AC input, through a transfer switch, through the transformer, and to
the output. In the case of a power failure, the transfer switch is opened, and the inverter
picks up the output load. In the Standby-Ferro design, the inverter is in the standby
mode, and is energized when the input power fails and the transfer switch is opened.
The transformer has a special “Ferro-resonant” capability, which provides limited
voltage regulation and output waveform “shaping”. Even though it is a standby UPS by
design, the Standby-Ferro UPS generates a great deal of heat because the Ferro-resonant
transformer is inherently inefficient. The principal reason why Standby-Ferro UPS
systems are no longer commonly used is that they can be fundamentally unstable when
operating a modern computer power supply load. All large servers and routers use
“Power Factor Corrected” power supplies which when coupled with the Ferro
transformer, can give rise to spontaneous and damaging oscillations.
Standby On-Line Hybrid - is the topology used for many of the UPS under 10kVA
which are labeled “online.” The standby DC to DC converter from the battery is
switched on when an AC power failure is detected, just like in a standby UPS. The
battery charger is also small, as in the standby UPS. Due to capacitors in the DC
combiner, the UPS will exhibit no transfer time during an AC power failure. This
design is sometimes fitted with an additional transfer switch for bypass during a
malfunction or overload.
Standby UPS - the most common type used for Personal Computers, the transfer switch
is set to choose the filtered AC input as the primary power source (solid line path), and
switches to the battery / inverter as the backup source should the primary source fail.
When that happens, the transfer switch must operate to switch the load over to the
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Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings
battery / inverter backup power source (dashed path). The inverter only starts when the
power fails, hence the name “Standby”.
Steam System - a steam piping system and controls that work together to supply steam
or hot water to heat input devices remote from the Boiler.
Temperature Difference between Exterior and Interior (ΔT) - is the average annual
temperature difference between outside and inside of an air-conditioned building.
Variable Air Volume System - HVAC System that controls the dry-bulb temperature
within a space by varying the volumetric flow of cooled supply air to the space.
Water Heater – vessel in which water is heated and is withdrawn for use external to
the system.
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Guidelines on Energy Conserving Design of Buildings
3.1 Application
B. These guidelines shall not be used to circumvent any applicable safety, health
or environmental requirements.
3.2 Exemptions
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Section IV. Overall Thermal Transfer Value of
Building Envelope
1.1 Scope
A. Approach
The solar heat gain through the building envelope constitutes a substantial share
of heat load in a building, which will have to be eventually absorbed by the air-
conditioning system at the expense of energy input. To minimize solar heat gain
into a building it is, therefore, the first and foremost consideration in the design
of energy efficient building. The architectural techniques used to achieve such
purpose are too numerous to mention. Siting and orientation of a rectangular
building to avoid exposure of its long facades to face east and west, for instance,
is a simple means of reducing solar heat gain if the building sites permits.
Appropriate choice of building shape to minimize building envelope area and
selection of light colors for wall finish to reflect solar radiation are other
common-sense design alternatives to lower solar heat input.
The OTTV concept takes into consideration the three basic elements of heat
gain through the external walls of a building, as follows:
These three basic elements of heat input are averaged out over the whole
envelope area of the building to give an overall thermal transfer value, or OTTV
in short. This concept, in essence, helps to preserve a certain degree of
flexibility in building design.
B. Façade
For the purpose of energy conservation, the maximum permissible OTTV has
been set at
45W/m2.
To calculate the OTTV of an external wall, the following basic formula shall be
used:
Where:
OTTV: overall thermal transfer (W/m2)
Aw: opaque wall area (m2)
Uw: thermal transmittance of opaque wall (W/m2K)
TDeq: equivalent temperature difference (K), see sub
paragraph a)
Af: fenestration area (m2)
Uf: thermal transmittance of fenestration (W/m2)
ΔT: temperature difference (K) between exterior and
interior, see sub paragraph ii)
f: SHGC correction factor f of shading device, see sub
paragraph iii)
SHGC: solar heat gain coefficient of glazing, see sub paragraph
iv)
SF: solar factor (W/m2), see sub paragraph , see sub
paragraph v)
Ao: gross area of exterior wall (m2) = Avs + Af
The correction factor is the ratio between the incoming solar radiation
behind a shading device and the incoming solar radiation in front of a
shading device and is therefore between 0 (opaque) and 1 (no shading). The
correction factor can be derived from literature values, manufacturer data,
simulation or calculation as shown in Subsection 4 on shading devices).
The solar heat gain coefficient is the ratio between the incoming solar
radiation behind a glazing and the incoming solar radiation in front of a
glazing. The solar heat gain coefficient can be derived from manufacturer
data.
5. Solar Factor
The Solar Factor for vertical surfaces has been experimentally determined
for this geographical zone. From data collected over a period of time for the
eight primary orientations, the average Solar Factor for vertical surfaces has
been worked out to be 130 W/m2. This figure has to be modified by a
correction factor when applied to a particular orientation and also if the
fenestration component is sloped at an angle skyward. For the purpose of
the building regulations, any construction having a slope angle of more than
70o with respect to the horizontal shall be treated as a wall. For a given
orientation and angle of slope, the Solar Factor is to be calculated from the
following formula:
The gross area of an exterior wall shall include all opaque wall areas,
window areas and door areas, where such surfaces are exposed to
outdoor air and enclose an air-conditioned space. The fenestration area
shall include glazing, glazing bars, mullions, jambs, transoms, heads
and sills of window construction and shall be measured from the
extreme surfaces of the window construction
Where more than one type of material and/or fenestration is used, the
respective term or terms shall be expanded into sub-elements, such as
C. Roof
For an air-conditioned building, solar heat gain through the roof also constitutes
a substantial portion of the cooling load. From on-site solar radiation
measurements taken, the intensity of the radiation on a horizontal surface can be
as much as 3 times of that on a vertical surface.
45 W/m2.
To calculate the OTTV of a roof, use the same basic OTTV formula for building
façade described earlier.
For the purpose of simplicity in OTTV calculation, the TDeq of different types of
roof constructions have been standardized in Table 4.
Since a roof is more exposed to the sun than a façade, the following solar factor
has to be applied for roofs:
Where CF is the correction factor with reference to the orientation of the roof
and the pitch angle of the skylight component and is given in Table 5.
Compared to wall assemblies, glazing transfers more heat and hence, it is ideal to
reduce the amount of glazing with respect to the wall in order to reduce internal
heat gains.
The requirement of Window to Wall Ratio (WWR) needs to be balanced with the
amount of daylight coming through the glazed area.
Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) is used to determine the amount of solar heat
admitted through the glass divided by the total solar radiation incident on the
glass.
Visible light Transmittance (VLT) is used to determine the amount of light
transmitted through the glass.
WWR shall be balanced with SHGCadj to maintain flexibility in design. To further
describe, the higher the designed building WWR, the lower the required SHGC adj
in glass windows shall be and vise-versa. This does not however, remove the
option for building owners to apply windows with low SHGC adj for building with
low WWR. The size of the opening (with or without glass) shall be in accordance
with the NBC.
For each WWR value, the SHGCadj shall be in accordance with Table 6. The
SHGCadj requirement in Table 6 can be adjusted if sun breakers are provided in
the windows. Sun breaker plays a very important role in reducing solar heat gain
as it stops the solar radiation before it enters the building and doing so reduces the
cooling loads considerably. External shading has the additional positive effect of
improving the internal comfort cutting part of the direct radiation on occupants.
This must be applied only to windows that are shaded.
where:
SHGC is the adjusted solar heat gain coefficient limit for windows with external
shading
SHGC is the solar heat gain coefficient of the glazing
F is the SHGC correction factor f of the shading device. If there is no shading
device, f can be set to 1.
SHGC is the solar heat gain coefficient of the glazing and can be derived from
the manufacturer data. f is the SHGC correction factor f of the shading device
and can be derived by the manufacturer data, simulation or simplified
calculation as described in the next subsection on shading devices.
Since there is a huge variety of shading devices and hence f factors, there are
the following possibilities to determine the f factor:
1. manufacturer data
2. simulation
3. calculation
One of the most energy and cost-efficient possibilities for external shading in
tropical countries is the fixed overhang and vertical fin. To simplify the
determination process, the f factor for these shading types can be calculated as
follows:
First the depth of the overhang or the vertical fin has to be calculated. Second
the height of the window (including the distance between the top part of the
frame and the overhang) or the width of the window (including the distance
between the frame and the fin) have to be calculated.
Based on the ratio between depth of shading and height/width of window the
SHGC correction factor f can be selected from Table 7.
horizontal vertical
shading shading
0.10 0.90 0.95
The infiltration of warm air and exfiltration of cold air contribute substantially
to the heat gain of an air-conditioned building. As a basic requirement, buildings
must not have unenclosed doorways, entrances, etc., and where heavy traffic of
people is anticipated, self- closing doors must be provided. The concept of an
energy-efficient building is based on the assumption that the envelope of the
building is completely enclosed to minimize the infiltration of warm air and
exfiltration of cool air. Infiltration and exfiltration contribute substantially to the
building’s heat gain, as the warmer infiltrated air must be cooled in order to
maintain the desired comfort condition.
As a basic requirement, the building must not have unenclosed doorways,
entrances, etc. For commercial buildings where heavy traffic of people is
anticipated, self-closing doors should be provided.
To further minimize the exfiltration of cool air and infiltration of warm air
through leaky windows and doors, effective means of weather-stripping should
also be incorporated.
Preferably, doors and windows should be designed to meet the following criteria
when tested under a pressure differential of 75 Pa:
1. Windows: leakage to limit to 2.77 m3/h per meter of sash crack
2. Swinging revolving or sliding doors: leakage to limit to 61.2 m3/h per
meter of door crack
3. Air curtains may be used in very high volume entrances only when
revolving or self-closing sliding doors are not appropriate.
A light-colored building envelope, especially the roof areas which are the most
vulnerable, can reduce heat transfer from the outside to the inside of the
building by having surfaces with high Solar Reflectance Index (SRI).
Roofs shall have one or a combination of the following measures:
1. Roof color with a minimum average SRI of 70
2. More than 70 % of the roof is back ventilated
3. More than 70 % of the roof is covered by solar thermal and/or PV
4. More than 70% is covered by a green roof
Section V. Air Conditioning and Ventilating System
5.1 Scope
The requirements in this Section represent minimum design criteria. Designers should
evaluate other energy conservation measures, which may be applicable to the proposed
building. The Philippine Green Building Code (PGBC) applies to all new construction
and/or alteration of buildings with a Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) of 10,000 square
meters or more. In case of conflict between the provisions of the PGBC and these
Guidelines, the most stringent requirement shall apply.
Building owners with buildings TGFA of 5,000 square meters or more shall be
required to submit the building’s annual electricity usage (kWh/year), fuel
consumption (liters/year) of generators and LPG consumption (kg/year). This will be
submitted in the application for the renewal of mechanical systems. Document to be
submitted in the report shall be the monthly electrical bills, fuel and LPG delivery
receipts.
A. Calculation Procedures
Cooling system design loads for the purpose of sizing the system and equipment
should be determined in accordance with the procedures in the latest edition of the
ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals or other equivalent publications.
The outdoor conditions shall be taken as follows for Climate Zone 0A:
1. Design Dry Bulb Temperature 35°C
2. Design Wet Bulb Temperature 28°C
Notes: See ASHRAE Standard 169-2013 Table A-6 on Philippine Cities Climate
Zone in the Appendix
D. Ventilation
The quality and quantity of air used to ventilate air-conditioned spaces shall always
be sufficient and acceptable to human occupation and comply with applicable
health and/or air quality requirements. Ventilation requirements shall conform to
the design criteria in Table 8.
Exception: Outdoor air qualities may exceed those shown in Table 9 (originally 6.2,
but cannot find in doc, so for checking) because of special occupancy or process
requirements, source control air contamination or local regulations.
E. Kitchen Ventilation
Figures 4 through 9 show the six basic hood styles for Type 1 applications. The style
names are not used universally in all standards and codes but are well accepted in
the industry. The Styles are as follows:
1. Wall-mounted canopy – Used for all types of cooking equipment
located against the wall (See Figure 4)
2. Single-island canopy – Used for all types of cooking equipment in a
single-line island configuration (See Figure 5)
3. Double-island canopy – Used for all types of cooking equipment
mounted back to back in an island configuration. (See Figure 6)
4. Back shelf – Used for counter-height equipment typically located
against the wall, but could be freestanding. (See Figure 7)
5. Eyebrow – Used for direct mounting to oven and some dishwashers.
(See Figure 8)
6. Pass-over – Used over counter-height equipment when pass-over
configuration (from the cooking side to the serving side) is required.
(See Figure 9)
5.3 System Design and Sizing
Air conditioning system and equipment shall be sized as close as possible to the
space and system loads calculated in accordance with the subsection on load
calculation. The design of the system and the associated equipment and controls
should take into account important factors such as nature of application, type of
building construction, indoor and outdoor conditions, internal load patterns, control
methods for efficient utilization and economic factors.
Table 8:
Table 9:
A. General
The following design criteria apply to all air conditioning fan systems used for
comfort ventilating and/or air conditioning. For the purpose of this Section, the
energy demand of a fan system is the sum of the demand of all fans, which are
required to operate at design conditions to supply air from the cooling source to
the conditioned space(s) or exhaust it to the outdoors.
Exception: System with a total fan motor power requirement of 5 kW or less.
B. Constant Volume Fan Systems
For fan systems that provide a constant air volume whenever the fans are
operating, the power required by the motor of the combined fan system at
design conditions shall not exceed 0.5 W/m3/h.
1. For fan systems that are able to vary system air volume automatically as a
function of load, the power required by the motor of the combined fan
system at design conditions shall not exceed 0.5 W/m3/h.
2. Individual VAV fans with motor rated at 5 kW and larger shall include
control and d3vices such as a variable speed drive necessary to make the
fan motor operate efficiently even at flow rates of as low as 40% of the
rated flow. Use of electronically commutated (EC) motor.
A. General
The following design criteria apply to all pumping systems used for comfort air
conditioning. For purpose of this section, the energy demand of a pumping
system is the sum of the demand of all pumps that are required to operate at
design conditions to supply fluid from the cooling source to the conditioned
space (s) and return it back to the source.
Exception: System with total pump motor requirement of 5 kW or less
B. Pressure Drop
Chilled water and cooling water circuits of air conditioning systems shall be
designed at a maximum velocity of 1.2 m/s (3.9 fps) for a 50 mm diameter pipe
and pressure drop limit of 39.2 kPa per 100 (4 ft/100 ft) equivalent meter for
piping over 50 mm diameter. To minimized erosion for the attainment of the
piping system, the water velocities found in Table 20 should not be exceeded.
Note: ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2019
C. Variable Flow
Pumping systems that are provided with control valves designed to modulate
or step open or close, depending on the load, shall be required for variable
fluid flow. The system shall be capable of reducing system flow to 50% of
design flow or less.
Flow may be varied using variable speed driven pumps, multiple stage
pumps or pumps riding their performance characteristic curves. Pumps
with steep performance curve shall not be used since they tend to limit
flow rates. Variable speed or staged pumping should be employed in large
pumping systems.
Exceptions:
System where a minimum flow greater than 50%of design flow rate is
required for the proper operation of the equipment served by the system.
Systems that serve only one control valve.
A. General
The temperature and humidity of the air within the Conditioned space shall
be maintained at an air movement from 0.20 to 0.30 m/s (39 fpm to 59 fpm).
1. The air in such conditioned space(s) should at all times be in constant
motion sufficient to maintain a reasonable uniformity of temperature and
humidity but shall not cause objectionable draft in any occupied portion(s).
In cases wherein the only source of air contamination is the occupant, air
movement shall have a velocity of not more than 0.25 m/s (49.2 fpm) as
the air enters the space.
5.7 Controls
A. System Control
1. Each air-conditioned system shall be provided with at least on control
device for the regulation of temperature.
2. All mechanical ventilating system (supply and exhaust) equipment
either operating continuously or not shall be provided with readily
accessible manual and/or automatic controls or other means of volume
reduction, or shut-off when ventilation is not required.
B. Zone Control
1. Each air-conditioned zone shall be controlled by individual
thermostatic controls responding to temperature within the zone.
2. Systems that serve zones that can be expected to operate non-
simultaneously for more than 750 hours per year (i.e. approximately 3
hours per day on a 5 day week basis) shall include isolation devices
and controls to shut off the supply of conditioned air to each zone
independently.
E. Thermostat
Indoor Microorganisms:
Control by Inactivation with UVC Radiation
Deactivate airborne microorganism “on the fly”. May do dual coil/filter cleaning duty. Sizing
methods vary greatly among manufacturers.
System Type – Upper Room
UV above occupied zone irradiates circulating air. Common Rule of Thumb for sizing (Riley, HSPH)
30 w per 200 sq.ft. (18.6 sq.m.)
System Type-Self Contained (Usually for Hospital Rooms)
System Types-Decontamination
Portable unit decontaminates surface of unoccupied spaces
A. All chilled water piping shall be thermally insulated in accordance with Table
21 to prevent heat gain and avoid sweating on the insulation surface. The
insulation shall be suitably protected from damage.
B. Chiller surface especially the evaporator shell and compressor Suction line(s)
should be insulated to prevent sweating and heat gain. Insulation covering
surfaces on which moisture can condense or those exposed to ambient
conditions must be vapor-sealed to prevent any moisture seepage through the
insulation or to prevent condensation in the insulation.
Exceptions:
1. Piping that conveys fluids that have not been cooled through the use of
fossil fuels or electricity.
2. Piping at fluid temperatures between 20°C and 40°C.
3. When the heat gain of the piping without insulation does not increase
the energy requirements of the building.
C. For materials with thermal resistance greater than 0.032 sq. m.°C/W-mm, the
minimum insulation thickness shall be as follows:
0.032 x thickness in Table 6.4
t=
actual R value Equation 6.1
Where :
t = minimum thickness in mm
R = actual thermal resistance, sq. m ºC/W-mm
D. For materials with thermal resistance lower than 0.028 sq. m. °C/W-mm, the
minimum insulation thickness shall be:
Where:
t = minimum thickness in mm
R = actual thermal resistance, sq. m ºC/W-mm
A. All air handling ducts and plenums installed as part of the air distribution
system and which are outside of air conditioned spaces shall be thermally
insulated sufficiently to minimize temperature rise of the air stream within
them and to prevent surface condensation. Insulated ducts located outside of
buildings shall be jacketed for rain tightness and for protection against damage.
Air ducts or plenums with in air-conditioned spaces may not be insulated if the
temperature difference, TD, between the air outside and with in the ducts or
plenum would not cause surface condensation. Due consideration should be
made to the dew point temperature of the air surrounding the ducts or plenums.
Where:
Db = ambient still air-dry bulb temperature, ºC
Dp = dew point, ºC
To = operating temperature, ºC
Rs = surface thermal resistance = 0.115 sq. m ºC/W-mm
k = mean thermal conductivity, W-mm/sq. m ºC
L = thickness, mm
Exceptions:
1. When the heat gain of the ducts, without insulations, will not increase
the energy requirements of the building.
2. Exhaust air ducts.
B. The thermal resistance of the insulation, excluding film resistance should be:
TD
R= = sq. m ºC/W-mm
347 Equation 6.4
Where:
TD = temperature differential in ºC
1. Performance Rating
Energy Performance Room Air Conditioners with Cooling Capacity up to
50,000 kJ/hr (47,391 BTU/hr) or 14 KW (3.95 TR) shall be measured through
Cooling Seasonal Performance Factor (CSPF).
a) Fixed speed air conditioners shall have rated CSPF not lower than:
CSPF, for rated capacity below3.33 kW (0.95 TR) and
2.81 CSPF, for rated capacity 3.33 kW (0.95 TR) and above
For Variable Speed Air Conditioners, the minimum CSPF shall be the
lowest value in the 4-star range as classified in Table 12 (Energy
Efficiency Classification) and Categorized according to the rated
cooling capacity in clause
Table 12: Energy Efficiency Classification (Window Type & Split Type)
Note 1: by 2020, in line with the ASEAN Harmonization, the MEPS shall be the four (4) Star.
Note 2: New set of values on table B.1.1 will be based on the available data where the minimum CSPF will be
3.25 for units with capacity below 3.33 kW; and 3.13 for units with capacity above 3.33 kW
Note 3: Table from DOE Department Circular No.: DC 2016-04-0005
2. Performance Rating
The performance rating of the air conditioning equipment above 14 kW (3.95
TR) shall be measured by its EER or kWe/TR whichever is applicable.
The EER shall not be less than those quoted in Table 23 while kWe/TR shall
not be greater than the figures in the same table.
a) Field-Assembled Equipment and Components
When components from more than on supplier are used as parts of the air
conditioning system, component efficiencies shall be specified based on the
data provided by the suppliers/manufacturers, which shall provide a system
that comp\lies with the requirements of the subsection on Minimum
Equipment Performance.
b) Air Conditioning Equipment Controls
Air conditioning equipment should have a means of controlling its
capacity based on load requirement.
Equation 6.5
Whenever there is a big demand for hot water requirement and if economical, heat
recovery shall be adopted in the air conditioning system condenser heat. Another
would be using Enthalpy Recovery of Exhaust Air or Energy Recovery Ventilation
for exhaust air.
A. Enthalpy of exhaust air
All buildings with centralized air supply system shall use enthalpy recovery wheel
or energy recovery ventilation with efficiency of at least 60% of 90% exhaust air.
When buildings have outside air or fresh air supply and they extract system through
mechanical means, heat exchangers can use the air extracted from the building area
to pre-condition the incoming outdoor air. This process exploits the fact that the
extracted air is usually already conditioned and therefore colder and drier.
Enthalpy recovery is the process of recovering some energy from the building
exhaust air stream to pre-condition the fresh air intake.
Figure 2: Circulation of Outdoor and Indoor Air in an enthalpy (energy) recovery ventilation
Wheel
rotation
Q = 17 Ce V A Equation 6.7
Where:
Q : ventilation rate in m3/min
Ce : effectiveness of opening (Ce is assumed to be
0.5 to 0.6 for perpendicular winds and 0.25 to
0.35 for diagonal winds)
V : design
wind speed in km/h
A : area of
opening in m2
1. The design wind speed for a particular type of structure, locality and orientation
has to be duly corrected to allow for height and screening effects of other
buildings. The coefficient of discharge Ce is found to decrease fairly rapidly
with an increase in the distance between the two openings in series, i.e., with an
increase in room width. At 5.5 m, it will level off to about 0.47. In Equation
6.7, Ce above, it is used to modify the external wind speed.
To determine the wind velocity near a building, the wind available at the time
and height of the building, as well as the velocity gradient due to the ground
friction, must be considered.
A general equation, known as the ‘Power Law’ is given by Equation 6.8:
(Z) a
Vz = Vg -----------------
Zg Equation 6.8
Where:
Vz : velocity at height z, m/s
Vg : gradient velocity, m/s
Z : height, m
Zg : gradient height, m
a : a power index as given in the following table
Where:
Q= ventilation rate (m3/h)
A= throat area of ventilator (cm2) V= wind speed (km/h)
b) For jack roof, the performance is poorer than that of roof cowl and there is
quantitative assessment of jack roof. However, assuming that jack roof
does are about 50% as efficient as cowl ventilator since the windward side
of a jack roof does not act as exhaust opening, it has been worked out that
the net area of jack roofs required per meter run of a building is about 1.2
m2 for a building width of 18 m.
D. Mechanical Ventilation
1. Where site conditions dictate that the normal requirements for natural lighting and
ventilation cannot be met, the building regulations may allow the use of mechanical
ventilation as substitute.
2. According to the regulations, the quantity of fresh air supply for mechanical ventilation
of any room or space in a building shall be in accordance with the specified rates in Table
25.
Unless justified by exceptional circumstances, the ventilation rate shall not be exceeded
by more than 30%.
E. Thermal Insulation
1. Besides roof insulation, the building regulations also specify that in case of a non-air-
conditioned building, any external wall abutting a habitable room shall have a U-value
of not more than 3.5 W/m°K.
F. Sun Shading
1. To encourage the provision of sun-shading devices in residential building for the purpose
of improving thermal comfort, the building regulations make a special provision to relax
the requirement pertaining to boundary clearance. Where overhangs, canopies, awnings,
or other sun-shading devices are provided, these devices are permitted to project up to a
point not less than 1600 mm from the lot boundary instead of the normal requirement of
2300 mm for boundary clearance.
2. To take advantage of this relaxation, the designer should ensure that only non-
combustible materials are used for the construction of the shading devices.
3. It should be noted that the relaxation is only in respect of the projection of the shading
devices project shall comply with the normal boundary clearance requirement.
Figure 4 Wall Mounted Canopy
Figure 5 Single Island Canopy
Figure 6 Double Island Canopy
Figure 7 Back Shelf Canopy
Figure 8 Eyebrow
D.
Figure 9 Pass-over
Table 15:
Table 16:
Table 17:
Table 19: Typical Model Code Exhaust Flow Rates for Conventional Type 1 Hood
Table 26: Maximum Net Exhaust Flow Rate, cfm per Linear
Foot of Hood Length
6.1 Scope
This section applies to the energy conserving design of steam and hot water
services in buildings that include but not limited to hotels, restaurants,
hospitals, and laundry. The purpose of this section is to provide the criteria
and minimum standards for energy efficiency in the design and equipment
selection that will provide energy savings when applied to steam and hot
water systems.
A. The system with the lowest overall energy usage (considering the
heat losses in the calorifier and the circulating loop of a centralized
system and the total heat losses from a system of individual storage
heater) should be chosen.
B. Where system is available, it is definitely more economical to use
steam to generate hot water as compared to the use of electricity.
1. Use heat exchanger to heat the water from steam.
2. Heat pump may also be used to produce hot water. A heat pump is a
refrigeration system with the condenser as a source of heat.
All boilers and hot water storage tank shall meet the criteria in Table
28, 29, 30.
6.5 Controls
A. Hot water systems shall be equipped with effective automatic
temperature controls, which are capable of holding the water
temperature to +/- 3°C of the temperatures set in set in the subsection
of hot water temperature above.
B. Systems designed to maintain usage temperatures in the circulating
loop shall be equipped with automatic time switches or other controls
that can be set to turn off the system when use of hot water is not
required.
C. Manual controls shall also be provided to override the automatic
controls when necessary. Controls shall be accessible to operating
personnel.
D. Controls for Hot Water Conservation
1. Showers in bathrooms shall have outlets, which restrict the flow to
not more than 0.2 L/s. Lavatories in public areas of the buildings
shall have taps with controlled flow at a rate not exceeding 0.05
L/s. This applies to both cold and hot water taps when separate
taps are used.
2. Single outlet mixing taps with a flow of 0.5 L/s should be used in
preference to separate cold and hot water taps.
3. Point of use water heaters shall only be considered if their use is
guaranteed to reduce energy cost.
A. Circulating Systems
Where:
t2 ,t1 = minimum insulation thickness of materials with r1
and r2 thermal resistivity, respectively, mm
r2, r1 = thermal resistivities, m2 - ºC/W-mm do =
outside pipe diameter, m
Subscript 1 refers to values quoted in Table 29; subscript 2 refers to
values corresponding to alternate insulating material.
Notes: The use of asbestos in any portion of the piping system is not allowed
B. Non-circulating System
Recover Waste Heat from the Chilled Water System for water heating
where the base requirement is 85˚F (29.4˚C). To maximize the
captured heat without decreasing the chiller plant efficiency, the
system must accomplish the following:
Table 31: Baseline Thermal Efficiency Levels for Commercial Water Heater Equipment
Table 32: Baseline Standby Loss Levels for Representative Commercial Water
Heater Equipment
Representative Baseline
Representative
Equipment Class Storage Input Capacity Standby
Volume kBtu/h or kW Loss Level
gal* Btu/h
Electric storage water heaters 119 (rated, 114
18kW 353
(measured)
Commercial gas-fired storage 100 199 kBtu/h 1349
water heaters and gas-fired
storage-type instantaneous water
heaters
Residential-duty gas-fired storage
75 76 kBtu/h 1048
water heaters
Gas-fired Tankless water
<10 250 kBtu/h 250
instantaneous heaters
water heaters and Hot water
hot water supply supply boilers A11 399 kBtu/h 399
boilers
* For all equipment classes where not specified, the representative volume is a rated storage
volume, not a measured storage volume.
This Guideline sets out the minimum requirements for achieving energy-
efficient lighting installations. The requirements of this Guideline are generally
expressed in terms of illumination level, luminous efficacy, and lighting power
density. In the course of selecting an appropriate indoor illumination level for a
space, energy efficiency should be taken into consideration in addition to other
lighting requirements. On the other hand, specific efficiency requirements for
each type of lamp, control gear/ballast and luminaire shall conform to the
Minimum Energy Performance for Products (MEPP) established by DOE.
A. Buildings shall be planned and designed to maximize the use of natural light so
as to reduce the use of artificial illumination. The lighting system shall be so
designed that day lighting can be coordinated with artificial lighting, taking into
consideration the problems of glare, brightness imbalance and heat buildup in
the building interior. All regularly occupied spaces inside the building shall have
a view of any combination of the following features that can allow daylight into
the room space:
1. Window
2. Light shelf
3. Clerestory
4. Skylight
5. Light monitor/light scoop
6. Other devices that can allow daylight inside
However, the design should ensure that whatever is saved from the lesser use of
artificial lighting will not be lost due to the increase in air conditioning load.
Hence, the Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR) shall be balanced with the Solar Heat
Gain Coefficient (SHGC) of the glass to maintain flexibility in design.
B. The lighting design shall utilize energy efficient lighting equipment. The
lighting system shall be so chosen so as to provide a flexible, effective and
pleasing visual environment in accordance with the intended use, but with the
least possible energy requirements.
E. The lighting system shall be designed for expected activity. The task shall be
analyzed in terms of difficulty, duration, criticalness and location in order to
determine the lighting needs throughout the space, always keeping in mind that
higher illumination levels than necessary are likely to waste energy while on the
other hand, levels lower than needed could impair visual effectiveness. Table 35
lists the recommended illuminance levels.
F. For Buildings with at least ten (10) storeys shall have at least one light per
corridor, emergency exit and stairwell per storey, and at least one per elevator,
which shall always be lit and designed to have a separate circuit from the usual
lighting circuit, which is not controllable by a switch, and is supplied by the UPS
System of the Building.
G. The most efficient lamps appropriate to the type of lighting, color rendition and
color appearance shall be selected. The use of such types of lamps reduces power
requirements. Refer to Table 36 Efficacy Ranges and Color Rendering Indices
of Various Lamps.
H. In general, the normal artificial light source should be the CFL or LED lamp. In
down light installation, CFL or LED lamps can be used. In large high bay areas,
high-pressure discharge lamps, induction lamps, or LED lamps should be used.
If color rendering is comparatively of minor importance, lamp types with Color
Rendering Index (CRI) of less than 50 can be used. However, when good color
rendering is required, lamp types with CRIs of 50 and above shall be used. Please
refer to Table 36 for the CRIs of the different lamp types.
I. The most efficient combination of luminaires, lamps and ballasts appropriate for
the lighting task and for the environment shall be selected so that lamp light
output is used effectively. The selected luminaire should meet the requirements
with respect to light distribution, uniformity and glare control. The use of highly
polished or mirror reflectors are recommended to reduce the number of lamps
installed without reducing the illumination level. Where ballasts are used, these
should be of the electronic type or low loss type with a power factor of at least
85%.
L. In selecting lighting systems, the costs of operation and energy usage (i.e., the
Life Cycle Cost or Cost of Ownership) and not simply the initial cost shall be
considered.
Limiting LPD will encourage the use of efficient lighting systems and
reduce the lighting load in the buildings and its surrounding facilities.
Hence, all applicable building types shall comply with the LPD limits
described in the following provisions:
A. The total lighting power density for the interior spaces of buildings shall not
exceed the maximum values for building areas/activities as specified in Table
38.
B. Lighting power requirements for building exteriors, including walk/drive ways
and grounds shall not exceed the values given in Table 39.
1. Corridors
2. private offices
3. storage rooms
4. common toilets
5. meeting rooms
6. stairways
7. other similar areas
E. One lighting control point shall be provided for each task lighting.
H. The number of control points required shall be at least one for every 150
W of connected lighting load, provided it shall also comply with the
preceding guideline above. For the purpose of determining the total
number of control points, Table 40 shall be used.
J. Hotel and motel guest rooms shall have one master switch at the main
entry door that turns off all permanently wired lighting fixtures and
switched receptacles, except for security lighting, if required. This
switch may be activated by the insertion and removal of the room key.
Exceptions:
Surface % Reflectance
Ceilings 80-92
Walls 40-60
Furnitures 26-44
Floors 21-39
Table 40: Maximum Lighting Power Density for Building Interiors
(LPD levels below obtained from ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2019)
Lighting
Building Area Type Power Density
(W/m2)
Automotive Facility 8.1
Convention Center 6.9
Courthouse 8.5
Dining: Bar lounge/leisure 8.6
Dining: Cafeteria/Fast Food 8.2
Dining: Family 7.6
Dormitory 5.7
Exercise Center 7.7
Fire Station 6.0
Gymnasium 8.2
Health-Care Clinic 8.7
Hospital 10.3
Hotel/Motel 6.0
Library 8.9
Manufacturing Facility 8.8
Motion Picture Theater 4.7
Multifamily 4.8
Museum 5.9
Office 6.9
Parking Garage 1.9
Penitentiary 7.4
Performing Arts Theater 9.0
Police Station 7.1
Post Office 7.0
Religious Facility 7.2
Retail 9.0
School/University 7.7
Sports Arena 8.2
Town Hall 7.4
Transportation 5.4
Warehouse 4.8
Workshop 9.8
Table 41: Maximum Values for Lighting Power
Densities for Building Exteriors
Equivalent Number of
Type of Control
Control Points
Manually operated on-off switch 1
Occupancy Sensor 2
Timer – programmable from the space being 2
controlled
3 Level step-control (including off) or pre-set 2
dimming
4 Level step-control (including off) or pre-set 3
dimming
Continuous (Automatic) dimming 3
Section VIII. Electric Motors
8.1 AC Motors
This section shall apply to the energy efficiency requirements of electric motors in
buildings.
C. The nameplates of these motors shall include not only all the
information required by the Philippine Electrical Code Part 1,
but also the rated full load efficiency and full load power
factor as determined by the latest version of Philippine
National Standard PNS/IEC 61972 - Methods for
Determining Losses and Efficiency of Three Phase Caged
Induction Motors.
D. Motor Selection
A. Starting Methods
8.4 DC Motors
8.5 Pumps
C. Improperly sized pumps operate too far off the BEP and
forces an imbalance inside the pump, resulting to parts
failure due to excessive wear. Operating to the right
of the BEP, increases the exit velocity of the fluid leaving
the pump. When the discharge flow is restricted, fluid re-
circulate within the pump creating a low-pressure area
which can lead to increased radial loading and low flow
circulation. These conditions substantially degrade the
efficiency performance of the pumps and should be
avoided.
8.7 Elevators/Lift
9.1 Scope
9.2 Transformer
B. The sum of the operating cost over the economic life of the
distribution system (Life Cycle Cost) should be considered rather
than the initial cost only. Operating cost shall include but not be
limited to the maintenance cost and energy losses.
Practical Inverter
Classification Power Voltage Cost per VA Efficiency always
Range Conditioning operating
(kVA)
Standby 0 – 0.5 Low Low Very High No
Line 0.5 - 5 Design Medium Very High Design
Interactive Dependent Dependent
Standby On- 0.5 - 5 High High Low Partially
Line Hybrid
Standby Ferro 3 - 15 High High Low No
Double
Conversion 5 - 5000 High Medium Low Yes
On-Line
Delta
Conversion 5 - 5000 High Medium High Yes
On-Line
Note : Descriptions of the UPS classifications can be seen in the Definition of Terms Section
1. Lighting Load
2. Chiller
3. Air Handling Units, Unitary Air Conditioning
Systems
4. Other Motor Loads (exhaust fan, pumps, etc.)
A. Electrical plan showing the power supply layout and single line
diagram of the Building’s connection to the local power utility supply,
the internal distribution system, protection, metering, and back-up (e.g.,
emergency gensets) and alternative power systems (e.g., RE power
supply system), showing the technical specifications of the main
transformer, protection, metering, emergency generator sets, and RE
power supply system (whichever is applicable).
C. Set up annual targets, plans, and methods of measurements and verification for
the implementation of energy efficiency and conservation projects;
D. Set up annual targets, plans, and methods of measurements and verification for
the implementation of energy efficiency and conservation projects;
E. Keep records on monthly energy consumption data and other energy related
data;
G. Submit an annual ECCR to the DOE by the 15thth of April every year;
H. Conduct an energy audit once every three (3) years, by engaging either a
certified energy auditor or an accredited ESCO and submit an energy audit
report to the DOE upon completion of the energy audit;
I. Employ a CECO for Type 1 establishments, and a CEM for Type 2 designated
establishments; Provided, that the CECO and the CEM may be chosen from
within the organization or hired through external recruitment; and
J. Duly notify the DOE on the appointment or separation from the service of their
respective CECOs or CEMs within ten (10) working days from the effectivity of
these personnel actions.
APPENDICES