Pangasinan State University College of Teacher Education

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY
Bayambang Campus
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Bayambang, Pangasinan
5E LESSON PLAN
(MICRO-TEACHING)
Subject Matter: Earth and Space
TOPIC: Soil (Types of Soil)
Grade Level: Grade 4
Learning Competencies:
At the end of a 60-minute lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Identify the four types of soil;

2. Describe the texture and color of the different types of soil (clay, sand, silt, and
loam);
3. Compare and contrast the characteristics of the four types of soil; and
4. Reflect on the importance of soil in human life.
ENGAGE
The teacher will show the pupils a video presentation entitled “Soil Song” (
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2s_AKcf86Wk). The video/song is all about the
different types of soil), and their basic characteristics and features. After the song, the
teacher will ask some questions about the video/song presented.
Guide Questions:
1. What are the different types of soil?
2. What type of soil retains water the best?
3. Which is the best soil for planting crops? Why?
4. Do you think soil is an important resource? Why?
EXPLORE
Have each assigned group of pupils bring out the four types of soil (clay, sand,
silt, and loam), four clear jars, trowel, and hand lens, assigned a day before. Instruction
and guidelines must be followed by doing the said activity.
1. Bring out the different types of soil assigned.
2. Use a trowel to scoop the soil into different jars up to ¾ level.
3. Describe the color and texture of each soil in the jar.
4. Record your observations in the chart.
“CHART 1”
Type of soil Color Texture
(Dark or Light) (fine, course or sticky)
Soil 1 (clay)
Soil 2 (sand)
Soil 3 (silt)
Soil 4 (loam)
.
Guide questions:
1. Among the different types of soil, what is the most familiar soil that you know?
Why?
2. Based on the activity chart, how do the types of soil differ in texture and color?
3. Why do you think some soil is dark or light in color?
4. Do you think all of the different types of soil can be used in planting? Why or
why not?
EXPLAIN
(Before the formal discussion, the teacher will show a short video animation
entitled “Earth Science: Types of Soil” (https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=ownoP8e7Tl8&t=51s), which is about the introduction of the characteristics of the
different types of soil)
Soil is the loose material found on the Earth’s surface, it is made up of particles
of different sizes, because of this, soils are often described by their texture. The four
types of soil are sand, clay, silt, and loam.
Sand has the coarsest particles, it can be light or dark in color. The grains of
sand easily separate from each other especially when dry. Sand does not hold much
water and actually composed of particles from rocks that have been broken down into
smaller finer pieces. Sand is a good material in making concrete.
Clay has the finest particles, has the finest particles, and is brownish in color.
The particles of clay soil can come very close together because clay is able to hold the
most amount of water. Clay is very sticky when wet, but becomes hard when it dries.
Clay is used in making pots and jars.
Silt is a type of soil that is finer than sand but coarser than clay, it can also be a
mixture of sand and clay. Silt can be brownish or dark in color, and just like clay, silt
holds water and can become sticky.
Loam soil is composed of different types of soil and humus. Humus includes
decaying matter like leaves, branches, plants, and animals. Humus makes the soil rich
in natural fertilizer, it appears dark because of the decaying matter, which makes the
soil fertile.
Guide questions:
1. What is soil?
2. What is soil made of?
3. What are the four different types of soil and their characteristics?
4. Why are soils important to human life?
5. Why do plants grow in soil?
6. In gardening, what is the best type of soil to use?
ELABORATE
On the same group of four, the pupils will bring out the materials assigned to each
group a day before. Instructions and guidelines to the activity will be provided by the
teacher, that the pupils should follow:
1. Bring out 3 pieces of the plastic cup, types of soil, glass, ¼ cup of water, timer.
2. Put and label the soil in every plastic cup.
3. Put a small hole in the bottom of the cup with soil.
4. Place the plastic cups on the glass.
5. Put water on each type of soil
6. Then observe and record what will happen, then complete the chart below.
“CHART 2”
Types of Soil Characteristics
Particles Rate water Color Texture
(big/small) flows through (with water) (with water)
Clay
Sand
Silt
Loam
Guide Questions:
1. What did you observe about the colors of each soil with water? Is it still the
same?
2. How does the texture of soil change when it absorbs water?
3. How does water move through the soil?
4. Why does soil matter? What do you think?
EVALUATE
A. Multiple choice (5 points)

1. It is made up of finely divided rocks and it is good for making building blocks.
a. Clay
b. Loam
c. Sand
d. Silt
2. This soil is heavy, holds water, and is smooth.
a. Loam
b. Clay
c. Silt
d. Sand
3. This is a type of soil that has sizes between sand and clay.
a. Loam
b. Clay
c. Silt
d. Sand
4. It is a mixture of sand, silt, and clay.
a. Loam
b. Clay
c. Silt
d. Sand
5. It is the loose material found on the Earth's surface and is made up of particles of
different sizes.
a. Soil
b. Rocks
c. Clay
d. Sand
B. Identification (5 points)
Identify the words or phrases described by each sentence.

__________ 1. It consists of the loose materials found on the outer portion of the
earth.
__________ 2. Contains humus and is the best kind of soil for the plant to grow.
__________ 3. Consists of sticky particles smaller than sand.
__________ 4. The make-up of the particles of rocks and is usually found near
the sea.
__________ 5. Soil that usually carried by rainwater and deposited along the
way.
C. Essay/ Reflection (10 points)

Explain the importance of soil to human life. (300 words)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
ESSAY/REFLECTION RUBIC: “Importance of soil to human life”

Categories: Total
Introduction Focus on Support for Conclusion Grammar &
(Organization) Topic content (Organization) Spelling
(Content (Content) (Convention)
Clearly states and The conclusion
the main topic Originality) Elaborate the includes the No errors in
and previews ideas by summarization grammar and
the structure of The main including your of the spelling, that
the paper. idea stands own opinion main/important may distract
out and is and ideas that are the reader
supported understanding needed to be from the
by about the emphasized. content.
relevant topic, and
and quality further
details of includes
the personal
information. experiences
and real-life
scenarios.
2 point 2 point 2 point 2 point 2 point 10
points
Key Answers:
A.
1. C
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. A
B.
1. Soil
2. Loam
3. Clay
4. Sand
5. Silt
C.
*the answers may vary

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PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY

Subject Matter: Earth and Space

TOPIC: Soil (Types of Soil)

Grade Level: Grade 4

At the end of a 60-minute lesson, the students should be able to:

1. Identify the four types of soil;

A. Multiple choice (5 points)

Identify the words or phrases described by each sentence.

C. Essay/ Reflection (10 points)

ESSAY/REFLECTION RUBIC: “Importance of soil to human life”

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