CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background

English is one of the languages in the world used by many people in a lot of

countries. Therefore, this language is one of international languages. In this global era

the people are urged to be able to communicate globally. By mastering English,

people will be able to learn more knowledge and gather more information. In the

world of job seekers, have a good English skill can be a value-added for people who

want to apply job.1

As a result, Indonesian government has decided that English is foreign

language. In addition, it is the first foreign language taught as a compulsory subject in

junior high school, senior high school and up to the university. In learning English,

there are four skills should be required by students, such as listening, speaking,

reading and writing. These four skills should be involved by teacher in process of

teaching and learning in a classroom.

Reading is one of the language skills which are very important. By reading

skill people are easy to get all information in their reading text, for example in

magazine, newspaper, and also article. They can find the information they need with

specific information.2 Moreover, they will be able to know what they do not know

1
M.Samanth Reddy, “Importance of English Language in today’s World”, International
Journal of Academic Research, Vol.3, 2016, p.183-184
2
Dave Wills, “Reading for information: Motivating learners to read efficiently”, in
https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/reading-information-motivating-learners-read-efficiently,
27th August, 2018.

1
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before. By reading, people may get a lot of information. Therefore, reading skills are

very important to be taught in school.

It has been known that the students tend to face written texts every day. The

written texts could be found in magazines, newspaper, books, articles on paper and

internet, and other kinds of the written text. Sometime, the students get some English

textbooks which are written in English. These textbooks contain a lot of information

related to the subjects the students learned. In order to access this information,

therefore they need sufficient knowledge of English. Especially, they should have the

skill of reading because it is written in the textbooks so that they could comprehend it

well. That is why the reading skills are important to be mastered.

Reading is a complex process, complex to learn and complex to teach. 3 In

learning process of reading skill, students need a response about their work,

performance and skill. Students need to know what their reading skill is good or not.

The technique for responding to student need is called feedback. Feedback can be

defined as a response, correction and suggestion from the teacher about student

learning result such as their performance and task. By feedback, students can know

their mistake and also feedback can motivate students.

Feedback is not just about weaknesses. Student will respond if teachers are

encouraging as well as allowing mistakes, emerging capabilities, and give ideas for

directing further learning. This means that feedback not only makes a student know

their mistake, but feedback can motivate students to study hard. Moreover, feedback

can help to solve the students’ difficulties in learning process.4

3
Lani Suryani, “Improving Students’ Reading Skills By Using the Mind Map Technique”
(Skripsi, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, 2015), p.2
4
Mabi Hamid, “Studi Perbandingan Penggunaan Umpan Balik (Feedback) Pada Lembar
Jawaban Siswa Terhadap Penguasaan Konsep Fluida Statis Siswa SMA Melalui Model Pembelajaran
 3

Based on the explanation above, the researcher wants to conduct a research by

the title “The teacher’s feedback technique in teaching reading at MAK BINA

INSAN ISLAM BONE".

B. Problem Statement

Based on the background of the study above, the problem statement in this

research is “What feedback technique is often used by the teacher in teaching reading

at MAK BINA INSAN ISLAMI BONE?”

C. Operational Definition

This section provides explanations of some key terms to make the readers

understand exactly about the meaning of the title.

- Teacher is a person who teaches, especially in a school.5

- Feedback is information about reactions to a product, a person's performance of

a task.6

- Technique is a skilful or efficient way of doing or achieving something.7

- Teaching is impart knowledge to or instruct someone as to how to do

something.8

- Reading is the skill or activity of getting information from books.9

Based on the operational definition above, this research is to know feedback

technique used by the teacher in teaching reading. Feedback technique is used by the

Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL)” (Skripsi, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, 2013),
p.6
5
Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (Oxford: University Press, 1995), p.1225
6
Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, p.829.
7
Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, p.1306
8
Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, p.1225
9
Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, p.1138
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teacher can be direct feedback, indirect feedback, corrective feedback, formal or

informal feedback, and in written or oral form.

D. Objective and Significance of The Research

This research aims to analyze the teacher’s feedback technique in teaching

reading at MTs BINA INSAN ISLAMI BONE.

This research offers several significances as follows:

1. For teacher

It is expected that the result of this research can be as information for the

teacher, so it can help to improve quality of learning especially in giving

feedback.

2. For students

Knowing that feedback can be help to solve their difficulties in learning

process. So it can help to improve their reading ability.

3. For other researchers

The result of this research can be used as a reference.

E. Previous Related Research Finding

There are many researchers report about Feedback in teaching English. Some

researchers’ finding are cited concisely below.

Adieli Laoli has conducted a research by the title Increasing the Students’

Ability in Reading Comprehension by Using Imitation Response Feedback Method at

The Eighth Class of SMP Negeri 1 Hiliserangkai In 2012. He found that Imitation

Response Feedback Method can increase the students’ ability in reading

comprehension.10

10
Adieli Laoli, “Increasing the Students’ Ability in Reading Comprehension by Using
Imitation Response Feedback Method at The Eighth Class of SMP Negeri 1 Hiliserangkai”, E-journal
 5

Nimas Ismayanindar has conducted a research by the title the Teacher’s

Feedback Technique in Teaching Descriptive Text at The Second Year of SMP N 1

Sragen in 2015. She found that teacher feedback technique applied by the teacher in

the teaching writing descriptive text was very effective technique because it helped

them to make a good and correct writing. They knew their errors, they knew the

reason why that was wrong, and then they could correct it by themselves.11

Lely Oktavia has conducted a research by the title an Analysis of Corrective

Feedback in Students’ Speaking Activity at Senior High School in 2013. She found

that corrective feedback is an effective way to make students be better in their

speaking ability even the teacher could know the effective way to corrects students‘

error without make a negative effect for them.12

Those three researches are different from this one. The first research applied

imitation response feedback to increase the students’ ability in reading

comprehension. The second research discussed about teacher’s feedback technique in

teaching descriptive text. And the third research discussed about corrective feedback

in students’ speaking activity. This research is new research that discuss about

feedback techniques used by the teacher in teaching reading.

F. Conceptual Framework

Teaching Reading

of IKIP Gunung Sitoli, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2012, p.637

Analysis

Teacher’s Feedback Technique

Corrective Feedback Evaluative Feedback Strategic Feedback

Teaching reading in English as a foreign language to students means helping

them acquire the literate behaviors, the ways of thinking about text, that are practiced

by native speakers of English.13 In teaching learning process will be an interaction

between the teacher and students and students to other students. Feedback is one of

the interactions that occur in the learning process. Feedback is given in response

student performance.

Based on the conceptual framework, researcher conducted research about

what feedback technique is used by the teacher to response the student performance

in the process learning of reading skill.

G. Methodology of Research

1. Research Method

13
Beatrice S. Mikulecky, Teaching Reading in a Second Language (Pearson Education, 2008),
p.3
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This research applies descriptive qualitative method. Descriptive

qualitative is used to describe and illustrate the exist phenomenon, both

natural and engineering of human, more attention to characteristic, quality,

and connection between activities.14 Moreover, descriptive qualitative

research does not provide treatment, manipulation or alteration of the

variables studied, but describing conditions that are.

2. Location

This research is held in MAK BINA INSAN ISLAMI BONE, Jalan

Poros Amali-Taccipi, Galung village, Bone District, Province South

Sulawesi.

3. Data and source of data

Source of the data is the important thing in a research. The sources of

the data of this research are:

a. Primary data

The primary data was obtained by the result of observation and interview

the English teacher in the location of the research.

b. Secondary data

The secondary data was collected from the literatures materials that are

relating to research problem and from the students’ answer in the

interview.

4. Instrument of the research

The instruments of this research were interview and observation.

14
Nana Syaodih Sukmadinata, Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Bandung: PT. Remaja
Rosdakarya, 2012), p.73
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a. Observation

The first instrument in this research was observation. Observation was a

method of data collection where researcher record information as well

they found during the study.

b. Interview

The second instrument in this research was interview. Data collection

technique was used by researcher to obtain verbal information with a

question-and-answer process between researcher and informant.

5. Procedure of collecting data

In order to get information completely which was relating to this

research so the procedure of collecting data as following:

a. In this research was used non-participant observation. The researcher was

only as an observer and record things that were necessary. The researcher

observed the teacher during learning process in the class. Then, the result

of the observation was linked by the result of the interview.

b. Interview as the next steps to collect data. The researcher made the

answer-question interaction of English teachers in MAK BINA INSAN

ISLAMI BONE whom as the research object about ways to give feedback

to students in process learning of reading skill. In interviewing process,

the research will used semi-structure interview.

6. Technique of data analysis

The researcher analyzed the data use data analysis technique of Miles

and Huberman model which consists of three activity lines: data reduction,

data presentation, and conclusion/verification.15

a. Data Reduction

In fact the data collected in the research were not all needed. Some data

does not match what is researched. Or maybe there is some priority data

or not. Data reduction is step where the researcher classify data were

collected and removing unnecessary data. So, it can help the researcher to

draw conclusion.

b. Presentation of data

Data that has classified, sorted the priority levels of the data and

removing unnecessary data in the data reduction step, the next step is

presentation of data. Data that has reduced then presented by well, it will

be a data that is easy to read and understand. The data is easy to read and

understand will be able to help the researcher in draw a conclusion.

c. Conclusion

This is a step to drawing a conclusion from all of the data that has

obtained as a result of the research.

15
Sugiyono, Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D
(Cet.XXII; Bandung: Alfabeta, 2015), p. 337-342