The document summarizes three major learning theories: behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. Behaviorism, represented by Watson and Skinner, focuses on observable behaviors and conditioning. Cognitivism, represented by Piaget, Bruner, and others, emphasizes how information is organized and structured in memory. Constructivism, also represented by Piaget and Vigotsky, stresses that learning is active and learners construct knowledge based on their experiences.
The document summarizes three major learning theories: behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. Behaviorism, represented by Watson and Skinner, focuses on observable behaviors and conditioning. Cognitivism, represented by Piaget, Bruner, and others, emphasizes how information is organized and structured in memory. Constructivism, also represented by Piaget and Vigotsky, stresses that learning is active and learners construct knowledge based on their experiences.
The document summarizes three major learning theories: behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. Behaviorism, represented by Watson and Skinner, focuses on observable behaviors and conditioning. Cognitivism, represented by Piaget, Bruner, and others, emphasizes how information is organized and structured in memory. Constructivism, also represented by Piaget and Vigotsky, stresses that learning is active and learners construct knowledge based on their experiences.
Jean Piaget, Jerome Bruner, David Main representatives J.B. Watson and B.F. Skinner Ausubel, Robert Gagné, Howard Jean Piaget, Lev Vigotsky. Gardner, Lev Vigotsky, Erick Erickson Emphasis on the active It is a theory of learning involvement of the learner in An emphasis on the identification of the based on the idea that all the learning process. context in which the skills will be behaviors are acquired Use of hierarchical analyses to learned and subsequently applied. through conditioning. identify and illustrate An emphasis on learner control and the Information is transferred prerequisite relationships. capability of the learner to manipulate from teachers to learners Emphasis on structuring, information. Principles of Learning from a response to the organizing, and sequencing The need for information to be right stimulus. information to facilitate optimal presented in a variety of different ways. Only observable behavior processing. Supporting the use of problem-solving should be considered— Creation of learning skills that allow learners to go “beyond cognitions, emotions, and environments that allow and the information given.” on transfer of moods are far too encourage students to make knowledge and skills. subjective. connections with previously learned material.
Behaviourists don’t give a lot of Learning results when information is
Memory is always under construction as a What´s the role of memory attention at how habits are stored stored in memory in an organized, cumulative history of interactions in memory. meaningful manner.
T gives SS the information as an
element of stimulus-response. T To ensure their students feel safe to learn freely Guides students through learning T´s role use behaviorism to show students and are supported in their individual learning process how they should react and respond styles. to certain stimuli.
SS are active participants in the learning
SS´ role SS are passive participants SS are in control of what and how they learn. process.
Can you think of any method
who might use some of these principles as an example? Why? References/Sources: Cherry, K. (n.d.). Why Behaviorism Is One of Psychology’s Most Fascinating Branches. Verywell Mind. Retrieved September 4, 2021, from https://www.verywellmind.com/behavioral-psychology-4157183 Ertmer, P. A. (2017, January 1). Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism – Foundations of Learning and Instructional Design Technology. Pressbooks. https://lidtfoundations.pressbooks.com/chapter/behaviorism-cognitivism-constructivism/ Western Governors University. (2021, March 23). What Is the Behavioral Learning Theory? https://www.wgu.edu/blog/what-behavioral-learning- theory2005.html#close
Nature of the Learning Process. the Learning of Complex Subject Matter is Most Effective When It is an Intentional Process of Constructing Meaning From Information and Experience.