HISTORY AND POLITICAL SCIENCE

SOLUTION : PRACTICE ACTIVITY SHEET 3

Q. 1. (A)

(1)  S
 hrushti Institute of Art, Design and Technology has an independent
department named ‘Centre for Public History’.

(2)  T
 he first English Newspaper in India was started by James Augustus
Hickey.

(3)  I srael has conducted experiments of advanced technology in agriculture.

Q. 1. (B) Wrong pairs :

(1)  Mary Kom – Mallakhamb
(2)  A
 charya Atre – Prabhakar
(3)  Tadoba – Rock-cut caves

Q. 2. (A)

(1) Historian Name of the Book

(1)  James Mill The History of British India

(2)  James Grant Duff A History of Mahrattas

(3)  M
 ountstuart Elphinstone The History of India

(4)  S. A. Dange Primitive Communism to Slavery

(5)  Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Who Were the Shudras

(2) Types of Games

Outdoor games played on

Indoor games played
playground and in
sitting at one place
standing position

Langadi, Kabaddi, Carrom, Chess,

Atyapatya, Cards, Dice,
Kho-kho, Sagargote,
Marbles, Hockey, Bhatukli
Football

NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. X (SOLUTION : HISTORY AND PS) 1

 (3) Legislature
Executive
(represented) Four
pillars of
Democracy
Judiciary Newspaper

Q. 2. (B)
(1)  Annales School :
(1)  At the dawn of the twentieth century, the writing of history got a new
direction.
(2)  Along with political events, kings, great leaders, the study of climate, local
people, agriculture, trade, technology, means of communication, social
divisions and their collective psychology of a group was also considered
important in the study of history.
(3)  This new school of thought is known as Annales School. Annales School was
started by French historians.

(2)  Web Journalism (Electronic or Digital Journalism) :

(1) In the modern times, the computer and internet have become indispensable
parts of printing and publishing process. Computer technology has led to the
widespread practice of digital journalism.
(2) Websites run by newspapers are basically extensions of newspapers
themselves. Modern periodicals are part of electronic or digital journalism.
(3) People get access to news through social media like Twitter, Instagram,
Facebook, You Tube and from web news portals, web channels. This
information is available in English and many other languages.
(4) Journalists working in this area today have to have many more skills than
in the past when writing was the only requirement. Information available
on these mediums should be reviewed critically and used with utmost care.

(3)  Marco Polo : 

(1)  Marco Polo was born in a business family in the Italian city of Venice in 
1254 CE.
(2)  He was the first European traveller to reach China taking the silk route.

(3)  His travelogue introduced Asia, especially China to Europe.

(4)  He wrote about the rich flora and fauna, social life, information on culture
and trade system in Asia. His writings initiated trade between Europe and
Asia.

2 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. X (SOLUTION : HISTORY AND PS)

Q. 3.
(1)  (1)  According to Michel Foucault, the prevailing method of arranging historical
events in a chronological order was not right.

(2) He threw light on the fact that archaeology does not strive to reach the ultimate
historical truth.

(3) It attempts to explain various transitions in the past.

(4) Foucault gave more importance for explaining the transitions in history.

  Hence, his method is called ‘the archaeology of knowledge’.

(2)  (1) Information provided in the media may not represent the exact truth. 
We need to scan it carefully.

(2) We have to understand idealistic and investigative motives of newspapers,

government policies and prevailing social conditions behind the newspiece.

(3) The information received through Mass Media might be prejudiced or give

a one-sided idea.

(4) ‘Stern’, a German weekly magazine, purchased and published a number of

so called handwritten diaries of Hitler. It then sold them to a number of
publication companies. However, later it was proved that those diaries were
forged.

  Hence, it is essential to verify the information received through Mass Media.

(3) India has rich natural and cultural heritage. In order to preserve the historical
sites following precautionary measures should be taken.

(1)  Avoid vandalising or defacing the heritage monuments and sites.

(2)  To refrain from activities like writing on the wall or carving on the trees.

(3)  Ancient monuments should not be painted in garish colours.

(4)  Lack of good amenities in the precints of the heritage sites causes filthiness.
Proper amenities should be provided.

  Heritage monuments like forts and other monuments are testimonies of our
glorious past and they serve as guide for future generations. Therefore, they
should be preserved.

NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. X (SOLUTION : HISTORY AND PS) 3

 (4)  Encyclopaedias symbolise the richness and vast gamut of words a language has.
(1)  It fulfils the curiosity of readers and solves the confusion of a layman.
(2)  Encyclopaedias inspire to carry out more research as one gets information,
knowledge and references.
(3)  Encyclopaedias provide complete information and knowledge to researchers 
and students which enriches their previous knowledge.
(4)  Encyclopaedias represent intellectual and cultural development of a society.
  Many languages in India and the world are rich and resourceful and hence
encyclopaedias should be created in as many languages as possible to raise
intellectual level of society.

Q. 4.
(1) Public History helps to overcome misgivings about history and makes history
meaningful in everyday life connecting people to history.

(2) Srushti Institute of Art Design and Technology is at Bengaluru, Karnataka.

(3)  There are many misgivings about history among the people :
(1)  History is a subject only for historians and students who pursue higher
studies in history.
(2)  It has no relevance or applicability in our day-to-day life.
(3)  History is nothing but piece of information about the battles fought by kings
and politics.
(4)  History cannot be connected to an economically productive field.

Q. 5.
(1)  (1)  History of the deprived classes expressed in folklore was known as ‘Subaltern
History’.
(2)  Similar thoughts were expressed by Mahatma Jotirao Phule and Dr. Babasaheb
Ambedkar.
(3)  Mahatma Phule unfolded the history of the Shudratishudra communities in
his book ‘Gulamgiri’.
(4) He drew attention to show how women, Shudras and Atishudras were
exploited under the name of religion.
(5)  Dr. Ambedkar focused on the idea that in spite of having a significant role
in shaping the cultural and political aspects of India, the role of Dalits was
not duly acknowledged in colonial and nationalistic historiography.
(6)  Injustice done to the Dalits was mostly written by him. ‘Who Were the
Shudras‘ and ‘The Untouchables’ are his books which can be cited as
examples of subaltern history.

4 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. X (SOLUTION : HISTORY AND PS)

(2)  The following tasks are important in archives’ management : 
(1)  Important documents to be preserved and care should be taken that
documents with important contents are preserved in their original condition.
Confidentiality of important papers should be maintained.
(2)  To classify the documents by preparing indexes and to create accurate
systems of retrieval of documents.
(3)  Documents from the archives are supposed to be very reliable. Therefore, it
is important to safeguard the papers from humidity, fungus and other
environmental factors.
(4)  It is important to remain updated with latest technology in archive
management.
(5)  Computerise/Digitalise all systems. To make use of information technology
in managing libraries and archives.
(6)  To establish regional and local archives.
(7)  To preserve national, cultural and historical heritage.
(8)  To create a hasslefree system.
  (Write any six points.)

(3)  Tourism not only benefits an individual but also a country.

  (1)  Tourism is an industry which has potential to generate maximum
employment.
  (2)  New markets are created leading to the development of tourist sites.
  (3)  Urbanisation takes place giving rise to new colonies.
  (4)  The country earns foreign exchange.
  (5)  Handicraft and cottage industry gets a boost.
  (6)  Visiting different sites, meeting people, speaking different languages and
knowing different cultures increases tolerance and peace.
  (7)  We get information when we visit places of historical importance and
natural beauty. It widens our perspective.
  (8)  When we visit historical places we come to know about the glorious past
which gives us inspiration to build a bright future.
  (9)  It emphasises the need that we have to take care of our heritage.
(10)  Tourism gives us a feeling of personal and collective fulfilment.

(4)  (1)  This picture is the logo of the modern Olympic Games. The five interlocked
rings represent the five continents of the world.
(2)  The rings coloured blue, yellow, black, green and red on a white field are
known as the ‘Olympic rings’. The symbol was originally designed in 1912
by Pierre de Coubertin.

NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. X (SOLUTION : HISTORY AND PS) 5

 (3)  Olympic rings are the symbol of games which were first played in the ancient
city of Olympia. They were held after every four years.
(4)  The ancient Olympics had fewer events than the modern games and only
Greek men were allowed to participate. Events such as Horse and Chariot
race, Footrace, Wrestling, Boxing, Discus Throw, Pentathlon were held.
(5)  The Greeks standardised rules of the sports were laid which was helpful to
organise the games systematically.
(6)  The modern Olympic games are also held every four years. It is a great
honour for sportspersons to participate and win the Olympic medals.

Q. 6.
(1)  In Maharashtra, 50% seats are reserved for women in local self-governing
institutions.
(2)  Increase in agricultural output is the objective of Green Revolution.

Q. 7.
(1)  The above statement is False.
Reasons :
(1)  India has the largest number of voters as compared to any other democratic
nation in the world.
(2)  Free and fair elections which are held regularly is the key for successful
democracy.
(3)  Recurring elections have helped in understanding the political process. As
the voting age was reduced from 21 to 18 years, the political participation
has increased.
(4)  Increasing participation of the people in the political process and political
contest shows that Indian democracy is successful.

(2)  The above statement is False.

Reasons :
(1)  As no single party got majority after the elections held in 1989, coalition
government came to power at the centre and many states.
(2)  Parties had to set aside their policies and programmes and concentrate on
a common agenda to run the government.
(3)  Both Congress Party and the Bharatiya Janata Party made an experiment
of establishing coalition government. The National Democratic Alliance
formed by BJP and its partners and the Democratic Front government
formed by Congress and its partners ruled at the centre and state level
effectively.
  Therefore, the belief that coalition government brings instability was proved
wrong.

6 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. X (SOLUTION : HISTORY AND PS)

 (3)  The above statement is False.
Reasons :
(1)  Political parties contest elections to solve problems of common people.
(2)  Parties have to take into consideration all matters from public cleanliness
to roads to space research. They have to have a national perspective and
take decisions.
(3)  Political parties should have programmes for the development of all the
sections of society like youth, senior citizens, businessmen, women, farmers
and labourers.
(4)  This means that political parties cannot concentrate on just one particular
issue.

Q. 8. (A)
(1)  Election Commission :

(1)  One of the most important features of a democratic nation is elections at

regular intervals. Holding free and fair elections at regular intervals is
essential for a democratic system.

(2)  Under the Article 324 of the Constitution, Election Commission was formed
in 1950. The President appoints one Chief Election Commissioner and two
additional commissioners. It is an autonomous body.

(3)  The rank and powers of all the three commissioners are the same. The
declaration of dates of the elections to the announcement of the results the
entire procedure is monitored by the Election Commission.

(4)  The Election Commission does not have its own staff to carry out this
procedure. So they carry out the work with help of government employees
and teachers. Special provisions are made for all finances incurred by the
Election Commission.

(2) Regional Parties :
(1)  The groups having a proud feeling about the different identity of their region
and who compete to capture power to bring about regional development are
‘Regional Parties’.
(2)  The influence of such parties are limited to their region. They give
importance to regional problems. Development of one’s own region is the
prime objective of these parties.
(3)  Sometimes they demand for independent state or autonomy. They influence
the national politics because of their dominance in the region.
(4)  They have passed through various phases, from separatism to autonomy
and have then merged with mainstream national politics.

NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. X (SOLUTION : HISTORY AND PS) 7

Q. 8. (B)

(1)
Right to equal share in the
Laws related Property of the Father and
to the Husband.
protection of
freedom of Prevention of Dowry Act
women and
securing Prevention of Domestic Violence
their Act
development
Act against Sexual Harassment

(2)  Protection of Bio-diversity

Protecting
different Protecting
sources of forests
water

Issues taken up by the

Environment Movements

Pollution of
Green belt
rivers

Use of Chemicals

Q. 9.

(1) The battery operated Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) has more advantages
than the ballot box. They are as follows : 
(1)  It saves tonnes of paper used to make ballot paper.
(2)  S
 o, it conserves the environment as it stops the reckless cutting of trees
required to make paper.
(3)  If the voter does not wish to cast his vote in favour of any candidate
contesting, he can make use of NOTA (None Of The Above).
(4)  It makes counting of the votes much faster which enables the election
officer to declare result in a short time.
(5)  It is helpful for disabled (Divyanga) people to cast vote.

(2)  Movements arise out of public issues, which could be social, political, economic
and religious.
(1)  To protect the rights of the citizens like voting, freedom and for similar
issues, political movements are organised.

8 NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. X (SOLUTION : HISTORY AND PS)

(2)  Financial security, minimum wages, employment, insistence on indigenous
product are the reasons for economic movement.

(3)  Social and religious movements are organized to eliminate ill practices like
untouchability, entry of women in temples, discrimination and social issues.

(4)  Movements are organised to raise voice against injustice done to a particular
region, language and for issues like cleanliness, environment and movements
for development like Green revolution and White revolution.

NAVNEET PRACTICE PAPERS : STD. X (SOLUTION : HISTORY AND PS) 9