Clindamycin: A Drug Study On

A Drug Study on
CLINDAMYCIN
In Partial Fulfilment of the

Requirements in NCM 209 – RLE
MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING ROTATION
Submitted to:
Karen Sol Operario, RN, MN
Clinical Instructor
Submitted by:
Guba, Ma. Danica Grace
BSN – 2H GROUP 3
February 24, 2021

Generic Name: Clindamycin
Brand Name: Cleocin HCl, Cleocin Pediatric, Cleocin Phosphate, Cleocin Phosphate
ADD-Vantage, Clindesse, ClindaMax Vaginal
Drug Classification: Lincomycin Antibiotics
Mode of Action: It works primarily by binding to the 50s ribosomal subunit of bacteria.
This agent disrupts protein synthesis by interfering with the transpeptidation reaction,
which thereby inhibits early chain elongation.
Dose and Route:
The dosages of clindamycin capsules for adults and post-partum mothers are:
• for serious infections, 150–300 mg every 6 hours
• for more severe infections, 300–450 mg every 6 hours
The dosages for children who can swallow capsules are:
• for serious infections, 8–16 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) per day, divided into
three or four equal doses
• for more severe infections, 16–20 mg/kg per day, divided into three or four equal
doses
For people who have difficulty swallowing, clindamycin comes in granules that a person
can dissolve in water.
Clindamycin is administered by intravenous (IV) intermittent infusion over at least 10

to 60 minutes at a maximum rate of 30 mg/minutes. The final concentration of the IV
solution should not exceed 18 mg/mL. Pediatric dosing for neonates is 15 to 20 mg/kg
per day, given IM/IV divided over 6 to 8 hours
Indication:
▪ Systemic administration: Serious infections caused by susceptible strains of

anaerobes, streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci; reserve use for penicillin-
allergic patients or when penicillin is inappropriate; less toxic antibiotics
(erythromycin) should be considered
▪ Parenteral: Treatment of septicemia caused by staphylococci, streptococci; acute

hematogenous osteomyelitis; adjunct to surgical treatment of chronic bone and
joint infections due to susceptible organisms; do not use to treat meningitis; does
not cross the blood–brain barrier.
▪ Topical dermatologic solution: Treatment of acne vulgaris
▪ Vaginal preparation: Treatment of bacterial vaginosis
Contraindication:
Pregnancy Category B
In clinical trials with pregnant women, the systemic administration of clindamycin during
the second and third trimesters, has not been associated with an increased frequency
of congenital abnormalities.
Clindamycin should be used during the first trimester of pregnancy only if clearly
needed. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women during
the first trimester of pregnancy. Because animal reproduction studies are not always
predictive of the human response, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if
clearly needed.
Hypersensitivity. Topical and vaginal: History of inflammatory bowel disease,

regional enteritis, ulcerative colitis or antibiotic-associated colitis. Neonates
Side Effects:
Gastrointestinal: Abdominal pain, esophagitis, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The

onset of pseudomembranous colitis symptoms may occur during or
after antibacterial treatment. Esophageal ulcer has been reported. An unpleasant or
metallic taste has been reported after oral administration.
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Generalized mild to moderate morbilliform-like

(maculopapular) skin rashes are the most frequently reported reactions.
Skin and Mucous Membranes: Pruritus, vaginitis, angioedema and rare instances of
exfoliative dermatitis have been reported.
Liver: Abnormalities in liver function tests have been observed during clindamycin
therapy.
Renal: Although no direct relationship of clindamycin to renal damage has been

established, renal dysfunction as evidenced by azotemia, oliguria,
and/or proteinuria has been observed.
Immune System: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms cases have
been reported.
Musculoskeletal: Cases of polyarthritis have been reported.
Adverse effects:
• Anaphylactic shock and anaphylactic reactions have been reported

• Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including severe skin reactions such as
toxic epidermal necrolysis , and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), some with
fatal outcome, have been reported
• In case of such an anaphylactic or severe hypersensitivity reaction, discontinue
treatment permanently and institute appropriate therapy.
Drug Interaction
Chloramphenicol, erythromycin possibly are mutually antagonistic to clindamycin;

neuromuscular blocking action enhanced by NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING
AGENTS (atracurium, tubocurarine, pancuronium).
Nursing Responsibilities
1. Obtain patient's drug history including allergies, and blood studies such as CBC,
BUN, creatinine, electrolytes, and liver enzymes, respiratory, cardiovascular,
renal, and biliary disorders.
Rationale: To further understand the health status of your patient and to
determine the possible drug interactions and allergies.
2. Monitor the weight, check for the presence of edema, and report if there is a
weight gain to the healthcare provider.
Rationale: Monitoring and maintaining a healthy weight is important for overall
health
3. During initial dose adjustment, monitor the client's blood pressure and pulse
frequently. Check every 5 minutes until the desired level is stabilized, and every
15 minutes afterwards during the hypertensive crisis and report significant
changes to the doctor.
Rationale: To detect if there are unusuality and abnormalities happening when
the drug is introduced to the patient.
4. Report loose stools or diarrhea promptly.
Rationale: To prevent further complications
5. For pregnant women, consult your doctor first about the efficacy and safety of the
drugs.
Rationale: Some drugs have an adverse effect on the mother that can harm the
fetus
6. The nurse should be aware that IM or IV route should be used only when the
drug cannot be given orally.
Rationale: It is only the specific drugs can be administered through the direct IV
or IM route because it works easily on the body, so side effects, allergic
reactions, and other effects can occur quickly.
7. Instruct the patient not to let anyone else take his or her medication.
Rationale: If someone takes the medicine, there a possibility that the person can
have adverse effects which can be very dangerous to his/her health
8. Inform the patient to take clindamycin with meals or a snack.
Rationale: To reduce the side effects of stomach irritation, such as indigestion,
inflammation of the stomach, or ulcers because some medicines will irritate the
stomach and this effect can be minimized and lessen by taking them with food.
9. Tell the patient to take this drug exactly as the doctor has prescribed it. It should
not be taken in greater quantities or for longer than recommended and the
medication label directions should be followed.
Rationale: Taking your medicines as prescribed is important because it
increases their effectiveness for treating chronic diseases.
10. Monitor I&O when drug is given parenterally and in those with renal dysfunction.
Rationale: It allows the health care provider to prevent dehydration, fluid
retention, and other problems related to fluid imbalance.
11. Do not breast-feed the baby without consulting a doctor when taking this
medication.
Rationale: Small amounts of Clindamycin may pass into breast milk.
12. Emphasize the importance of follow-up exams to evaluate effectiveness of
medication.
Rationale: To determine the patient's outcomes that have resulted from the drug
therapies and to determine if there are any potential medication changes
References
Caporuscio, J. (2019). What to know about clindamycin. Retrieved from
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325326
Murphy, P. B. (2020). Clindamycin. Retrieved from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519574/
RxList. (2020). CLINDAMYCIN. Retrieved from https://www.rxlist.com/clindamycin-

drug.htm#description
Stewart, M. (2020). Clindamycin capsules for infection. Retrieved from

https://patient.info/medicine/clindamycin-capsules-for-infection-dalacin-c

Clindamycin: A Drug Study On

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Clindamycin: A Drug Study On

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A Drug Study on

In Partial Fulfilment of the

MATERNAL AND CHILD NURSING ROTATION

February 24, 2021

Drug Classification: Lincomycin Antibiotics

Dose and Route:

• for serious infections, 150–300 mg every 6 hours

• for more severe infections, 300–450 mg every 6 hours

The dosages for children who can swallow capsules are:

Clindamycin is administered by intravenous (IV) intermittent infusion over at least 10

▪ Systemic administration: Serious infections caused by susceptible strains of

▪ Parenteral: Treatment of septicemia caused by staphylococci, streptococci; acute

▪ Topical dermatologic solution: Treatment of acne vulgaris

▪ Vaginal preparation: Treatment of bacterial vaginosis

Hypersensitivity. Topical and vaginal: History of inflammatory bowel disease,

Gastrointestinal: Abdominal pain, esophagitis, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Generalized mild to moderate morbilliform-like

Renal: Although no direct relationship of clindamycin to renal damage has been

Musculoskeletal: Cases of polyarthritis have been reported.

• Anaphylactic shock and anaphylactic reactions have been reported

Chloramphenicol, erythromycin possibly are mutually antagonistic to clindamycin;

Murphy, P. B. (2020). Clindamycin. Retrieved from

RxList. (2020). CLINDAMYCIN. Retrieved from https://www.rxlist.com/clindamycin-

Stewart, M. (2020). Clindamycin capsules for infection. Retrieved from

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