Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
CORDILLERA ADMINISTRATIVE REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ABRA
AN-ANAAO INTEGRATED SCHOOL
BUDAC, TAYUM, ABRA

DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE 9

ONLINE CLASS OBSERVATION NO. 1

Teacher: MARIBEL V. TENEZA

Grade: 9-SARANAY
Quartet/Week: QUARTER 2, WEEK 4

I. OBJECTIVES:
A. Content Standards
The learners demonstrate an understanding of the type of bonds that carbon forms that result
in the diversity of carbon compounds.
B. Performance Standards:
C. Learning Competency
Explain how the structure of the carbon atom affects the types of bonds it forms
S9MT-Iig-17

II. CONTENT
Organic Compounds: Hydrocarbons

III. LEARNING RESOURCES

A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide pages: 54 0f 565
2. Learner’s Material pages:
3. Textbook pages: Science Links 9 pages 151-164
4. Additional Learning Materials from the LR Portal: Self- Learning Module in Science
9,Quarter 2,week 4

B. Other Learning Resources:

Powerpoint presentation, android/smartphone, wifi or internet connectivity

IV. PROCEDURE
A. Reviewing previous lessons or presenting the new lesson

Activity 1. Valence Electrons, LEDS and Octet Rule

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 1.How many valence electrons does the element Carbon have? How about Hydrogen?
 Recall that the valence electrons electron of an element are the electrons occupying the
highest energy level,or the outermost electrons. And these electrons are actually
involved in chemical bonding.

C atom has 4 valence electrons.

H atom has 1 valence electron.

2. Illustrate the LEDS of Carbon and Hydrogen.

 Recall also that the Lewis Electron Dot Structure (LEDS) is used to emphasize the
atoms’ valence electrons.

3. Illustrate the Octet Rule if a Carbon atom is bonded with a Hydrogen atom.

 Recall that the Octet rule states that atoms must attain eight electrons in its outermost
energy level to become stable. To attain this atoms enter chemical bonding and in the
bonding process, atoms either gain, lose or share electrons.
(Everyone is seeking for stability. To attain this, everyone needs to establish bonding
with others. Just like humans, we need to have a good relationship with others,
regardless of their tribe, religion or social status- for this,we can attain the “common
good”. And if human seeks stability,so are atoms. (Integration in ESP)

B. Establishing a purpose for the lesson

Situation: (Integration in AP)

Since we are having the General Community Quarantine right now and you are not
allowed to go out, you become a homebody. Your mother is busy in the laundry. She
requested you to cook rice for lunch. And you did it while working on your module.
Unfortunately, you forgot that you are cooking and the rice was burnt.

Questions:
What did you notice at the bottom part of the rice?
What do you think is the reason why the color of the burnt rice is black?

C. Discussing new concept and practicing new skills #1

 Carbon is a unique element for it has the ability to create stable bonds with other carbon
atoms or other elements.The covalent bonding or sharing of valence electrons between
carbon atoms and other elements particularly hydrogen,nitrogen,oxygen,sulfur,and
halogens create a variety of what we call Organic Compounds.

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Address: An-anaao, Budac, Tayum, Abra, 2803
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e-mail: [email protected]
 Example: Rice is made up of carbohydrates which is made up carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen. (And the black color of burnt rice indicates the presence of carbon. Therefore,
carbohydrates is an organic compound.)

 Organic Compounds or Carbon Compounds are those compounds containing carbon.

 One of the functional groups of organic compounds is Hydrocarbons. These
compounds are made up only of carbon and hydrogen compounds.
 Hydrocarbons are classified into three categories: alkanes that only consist of single
bond, alkenes that contain one or more double bonds and alkynes which contain one or
more triple bonds.

Examples:

Alkane Alkene Alkyne

Molecular Formula C2H6 C2H4 C2H2
Number of Carbon Atoms 2 2 2
Name of Compound Ethane Ethene Ethyne

Note : Illustrate the bonding between C and H atoms of the compounds indicated in the table.

D. Discussing new concept and practicing new skills #2

Naming Hydrocarbons
There is a systematic way of naming hydrocarbons. It is known as the International Union
of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) System of Nomenclature. It consists of three main parts:
prefix – stem- suffix. (Integration in English)

Steps in Naming Hydrocarbons:

1. Choose the parent chain (longest continuous chain of carbon atoms).This indicates the number of
carbon atoms in the compound.

The list shows the prefixes to be used as stems in naming hydrocarbons:

No. of C-atoms Prefix No. of C-atoms Prefix

1 meth- 6 hex-
2 eth- 7 hept-
3 prop- 8 oct-
4 but- 9 non-
5 pent- 10 dec-

2. Add the following suffixes to the stem of the name:

- ane for alkanes
- ene for alkenes
- yne for alkynes

3. Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain,starting from the carbon nearest to the side chain,
double bond, or triple bond.

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Address: An-anaao, Budac, Tayum, Abra, 2803
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e-mail: [email protected]
4. Name and give location of the side chain.When two or more side chains are present,list them in
alphabetical order,use prefixes di-,tri-,tetra,and others.Separate the number with comma. For
double bonds and triple bonds, indicate also the location and use di-,tri,tetra-,and so on, if more
than one of them appear in the formula.

Example 1
Consider the following compound:

 The compound has single bonds between atoms and the longest chain has six C atoms. So
the parent compound is called hexane.
 Note that there are two methyl groups attached to carbon number 2 and one methyl group
attached to carbon number 4.
 Therefore,we call the compound 2,2,3-trimethylhexane.

Example 2.

How many C atoms are there in the parent chain? (Integration in Mathematics)
(There are five C atoms in the parent compound.)
 Note that there are double bonds between atoms. Therefore,the parent compound is
pentene.
 The double bonds are located on the 1st and 3rd C atoms.Thus, the compound is named as
1,3- pentadiene.
Exmaple 3. Study this formula
How many C atoms are there?
(There are 4 C- atoms in the compound.)
 What kind of bond is present in the compound?
(There is triple bond in the in the 2nd C atom.
 What is the name of the compound?
(The name of the compound is 2-butyne.)

E. Developing Mastery

Activity 2. Draw Me.

Names of different hydrocarbons are listed below, draw their correct formula on
your paper.

1.) octane
2.) 2- pentene
3.) 1,3-hexadiene

F. Finding practical application of concept and skills in daily living

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Address: An-anaao, Budac, Tayum, Abra, 2803
Google Site: bit.ly/AIS500518
e-mail: [email protected]
 Activity 3.
Hydrocarbons such as methane,butane,octane are main components of fuel that
generate global environmental concern because they contribute to air pollution when exhausted
from vehicles. As a student, how can you be a part of solution to this issue? You may present
your answer through a poem, a song, a poster, a monolog, a slogan or an infomercial.
Your work will be graded/evaluated based on the following criteria:
a) Accuracy of Content
b) Organization of Ideas
c) Creativity

G. Making generalization and abstraction about the lesson

Activity 4. Scan Me.
Direction. Scan the QR Code and do what is asked. (ICT Integration)

(The content of the QR code is the following activity.)

Complete Me.
Direction: Fill in the correct words in each blank that would complete the concepts that you
just learned.

Carbon atoms have special abilities: they can form ____________ bonds with other
carbon atoms and other nonmetal atoms in many ways.

_____________ compounds are compounds that are primarily composed of carbon

atoms, which are chemically bonded with hydrogen and other elements such as oxygen,
sulfur, and nitrogen.

Hydrocarbons are a specific group of organic compounds that only consists of

carbon and hydrogen atoms as their components. _____________ are hydrocarbons with
single bonds, ______________ have double bonds and ______________ have triple bonds
in their structure.

H. Evaluating Learning
Read and analyze each item carefully then choose the letter that corresponds to the best
answer.
1. What is the maximum number of bonds a carbon atom can form?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
2. Which of the following statements best describes organic compounds?
A. Organic compounds are compounds that contain carbon atoms only
B. Organic compounds are compounds that contain carbon and oxygen only
C. Organic compounds are compounds that are produced by living things
D. Organic compounds are composed mainly of carbon and hydrogen
3. Why are carbon atoms able to form many organic compounds?
A. carbon atoms have strong attraction to other elements
B. carbon atoms attract electrons from other atoms

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Address: An-anaao, Budac, Tayum, Abra, 2803
Google Site: bit.ly/AIS500518
e-mail: [email protected]
 C. carbon atoms can form many types of bonds with other carbon
D. none of the above

4. Which hydrocarbon compound has a double bond in its molecule?

A. 2-octyne B. ethene C. ethyne D. methane

5. Which group of hydrocarbons has triple bonds?

A. alkaloid B. alkane C. alkene D. alkyne

6. How many carbon atoms are there in hexane?

A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8

7. Which has the shortest chain of carbon atoms?

A. butane B. butene C. ethane D. methane

8. What is the IUPAC name of CH2=CHCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 ?

A. 1-octene B. 2-heptyne C. hexane D. propane

9.Which among the following has the longest chain of carbon atoms?
A. ethyne B. decane C. hexane D. propane

10. Why is Carbon considered as unique element?

I. Assignment
Direction:
Answer the following questions concisely. Send your answers to my messenger account
@Maribel Verzosa Teneza or to my gmail, [email protected]. For those who cannot
go online, you may write your answers in a clean whole sheet of paper to be passed on the next
schedule of retrieval of learning packets.

1. Explain why or how does the carbon atom create different classes of hydrocarbons?
2. How do you name hydrocarbons based on the IUPAC? Identify and arrange the basic steps?

Prepared by: :

MARIBEL V. TENEZA
Teacher I

Checked by:

MARIBETH M. TUAZON
Master Teacher I

Noted :
EUGENIO P. MILLARE
Principal I

______________________________________________________________________________________
Address: An-anaao, Budac, Tayum, Abra, 2803
Google Site: bit.ly/AIS500518
e-mail: [email protected]