10

Mathematics
Second Quarter – SLHT
WEEK 3-4-5
 SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)
Subject: Mathematics Grade: 10 Level ________ Quarter: 2_ Week: 3_

MELC: derives inductively the relations among chords,arcs,central angles and

inscribed angles

Competency Code: M10GE-IIc-1

Name: _________________________ Section: ________ Date: ________

School: __________________________ District: ___________________

A. Discussion and Examples

A circle is a set of all points in a plane that are equidistant from a fixed point called the
center. It is denoted by the symbol ⨀. It is named by its center. Thus, the circle below is
called circle Z (⨀ Z) since Z is the center.

Terms Related to Circles

A radius (plural radii) of a circle is a line segment from the center to any point on the circle.
̅̅̅̅, 𝑍𝑄
In ⨀ Z, the 3 radii are 𝑍𝑇 ̅̅̅̅ and 𝑍𝑆
̅̅̅̅.

A chord is a line segment joining any two points on the circle. The two chords in ⨀ 𝑍 are ̅̅̅̅
𝑄𝑆
̅̅̅̅ and 𝑄𝑅
or 𝑆𝑄 ̅̅̅̅ or 𝑅𝑄
̅̅̅̅.

A diameter is a line segment that passes through the center of the circle. It is also a chord
containing the center and it is considered the longest. It divides the circle into two equal parts.
In ⨀ Z the diameter is ̅̅̅̅
𝑄𝑆 or ̅̅̅̅
𝑆𝑄 . All diameters are chords, but not all chords are diameters. The
length of a diameter is twice the length of the radius and the length of a radius is one-half the
length of the diameter. For example, if the length of a radius is 5 cm then the length of a
diameter is 10 cm because it is twice the radius. If the length of a diameter is 50 cm then the
length of the radius is 25 cm since it is half of a diameter.

1
An arc (symbol: ⌒) is a part or portion of a circle. Example: In ⨀ Z below, the curve from
̂ or
point Q to T is an arc. It is part of the circle and is named arc QT or arc TQ. In symbol 𝑄𝑇
̂.
𝑇𝑄

A semicircle is an arc with a measure equal to one-half the circumference of a circle. It is

named by using the two endpoints and another point on the arc. Circle Z is divided into 2 equal
̂ or 𝑆𝑇𝑄
parts since it has a diameter and these 2 semicircles are 𝑄𝑇𝑆 ̂ (read as arc QTS or arc
̂ or 𝑆𝑅𝑄
STQ) and 𝑄𝑅𝑆 ̂ (read as arc QRS or arc SRQ).
A minor arc is an arc of a circle that measures less than a semicircle. It is named usually by
using the two endpoints of the arc. Example of minor arcs in ⨀ Z are 𝑄𝑇̂ or 𝑇𝑄 ̂ , 𝑇𝑆
̂ or 𝑆𝑇
̂ , 𝑅𝑆
̂
̂ and 𝑅𝑄
or 𝑆𝑅 ̂ or 𝑄𝑅̂ .In some cases minor arc can also be named using 3 points like 𝑇𝑆𝑅 ̂ or
̂ .A major arc is an arc of a circle that measures greater than a semicircle. It is named by
𝑅𝑆𝑇
using the two endpoints and another point on the arc. Example of major arcs in ⨀ Z are 𝑄𝑅𝑇 ̂
̂ and 𝑄𝑇𝑅
or 𝑇𝑅𝑄 ̂ or 𝑅𝑇𝑄̂.
A central angle is an angle formed by two rays whose vertex is the center of the circle and
with two radii as its sides. An inscribed angle is an angle whose vertex is on a circle and
whose sides contain chords of the circle. When a central angle or inscribed angle is formed an
arc is also formed. This arc is called an intercepted arc. An angle intercepts an arc if and only
if the endpoints of the arc lie on the angle, each side of the angle contains the endpoint of the
arc and except for its endpoints the arc lies in the interior of the angle.

Figure 1 Figure 2

In figure 1, the central angle is ∠ BAC or ∠ CAB and its intercepted arc is 𝐵𝐶
̂ or 𝐶𝐵
̂.
In figure 2, the inscribed angle is ∠ DEF or ∠ FED and its intercepted arc is 𝐷𝐹
̂ or 𝐹𝐷
̂.
Sum of Central Angles
The sum of the measures of the central angles of a circle with no common interior points is
360 degrees.

2
In the figure at the right, m∠1 + m∠2 + m∠3 + m∠4 + m∠5 = 360.
Also, 𝑚𝐴𝐵̂ + 𝑚𝐵𝐶
̂ + 𝑚𝐶𝐷
̂ + 𝑚𝐷𝐸̂ + 𝑚𝐸𝐴̂ = 360.
(Note: All measures of angles and arcs are in degrees.)

Degree Measure of an Arc

1. The degree measure of a minor arc is equal to the degree measure

of the central angle which intercepts the arc. It is less than 180°.
2.The degree measure of the major arc is 360 minus the degree
measure of the minor arc with the same endpoints. It is more
than 180°.
3.The degree measure of a semicircle is equal to 180.

̅̅̅̅ as the diameter

Task 1 Given ⊙O with 𝐴𝐷

Find the measure of the following angle or arc:

̂
1.𝑚 𝐴𝐵 2. 𝑚 ∠ DOC 3. 𝑚𝐵𝐶 ̂ 4. 𝑚 ∠ AOC ̂
5.𝑚 𝐴𝐷𝐵

Solutions:
̂ = 50 because it is the intercepted arc of ∠AOB and the
1. 𝑚𝐴𝐵
degree measure of the minor arc is equal to the degree measure of the central
angle which intercepts the arc
2. 𝑚 ∠ DOC = 50 because the degree measure of its intercepted arc 𝐷𝐶̂ is 50 and they are
equal
3. 𝑚𝐵𝐶̂ = 80
̂ is a semicircle so it measures 180°
𝐴𝐵𝐷
𝑚𝐴𝐵̂ + 𝑚 𝐵𝐶 ̂ + 𝑚𝐶𝐷 ̂ = 𝑚𝐴𝐵𝐷
̂
50 + 𝑚𝐵𝐶 ̂ + 50 = 180
100 + 𝑚𝐵𝐶 ̂ = 180
̂ = 180 – 100
𝐵𝐶
̂ = 80
𝑚 𝐵𝐶
4. 𝑚 ∠ AOC = 130
𝑚 ∠ AOC = 𝑚 ∠ AOB + 𝑚 ∠ BOC
𝑚 ∠ AOC = 50 + 80
𝑚 ∠ AOC = 130
̂
5. 𝑚𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 310
̂ is a major arc and its measure is 360 minus the degree measure of the minor arc
𝐴𝐷𝐵
𝑚̂ 𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 360 - ̂ 𝐴𝐵
̂
𝑚𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 360 – 50
̂ = 310
𝑚𝐴𝐷𝐵
Congruent circles are circles with congruent radii.
Example: ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝑀 is a radius of ⨀A
̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐻 is a radius of ⨀T
̅̅̅̅̅ ≅ 𝑇𝐻
If 𝐴𝑀 ̅̅̅̅, then ⨀A ≅ ⨀T.

3
B. Exercises

Exercise 1

Directions: Refer to ⨀ S. Name the following:

1. 2 minor arcs
2. a major arc
3. a semicircle
4. a chord (not a diameter)
5. an inscribed angle
Exercise 2

Directions: In ⨀ M, ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝐸 and ̅̅̅
𝐼𝑂 are diameters and 𝑚𝐼𝐸 ̂ = 680.
Find the following measure of an angle or an arc:
1. 𝑚𝑅𝐼̂
2. 𝑚 ∠𝑅𝑀𝑂
̂
3. 𝑚𝑂𝐸𝐼
4. 𝑚 ̂
𝑅𝐸𝑂
5. 𝑚 ∠𝑂𝑀𝐸
C. Assessment/Application/Outputs

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write it in your answer sheet.

1.The sides of a central angle of a circle

A. chords B. radii C. diameter D.arc
2. A diameter of a circle measures 58 cm. What is the length of its radius?
A. 25 cm B.29 cm C.100 cm D.116 cm
3. A line segment from the center to any point on the circle
A. chord B. diameter C. radius D.arc
4. An arc which is more than half a circle
A. minor arc B. major arc C. semicircle D. intercepted arc
5. A line segment that connects any two points on the circle
A. diameter B. radius C. chord D.arc
6.The sides of an inscribed angle of a circle
A. diameter B. radii C. chords D.arc
7.The length of the radius of a circle is 40 cm. What is the length of its diameter?
A. 20 cm B.60 cm C.80 cm D.100 cm
8. Two points on a circle determine a minor arc and major arc. If the measure of the
major arc is 10 less than four times the measure of the minor arc, what is the
measure of the major arc?
A.210° B. 2860 C. 3000 D.3150
9 A central angle of circle Q measures 2500 and its intercepted arc is (4x-2)0. What is the
value of x?
A.53 B. 63 C.73 D. 83
̂ and 𝐵𝐶
10. 𝐴𝐵 ̂ formed a semicircle. If the measure of 𝐴𝐵 ̂ is equal to 3x+2 and the measure
̂ is equal to 2x+3 what is the measure of 𝐴𝐵
of 𝐵𝐶 ̂?
A. 35 B.80 C.107 D. 120

4
 Refer to circle I to answer numbers 11-15. Write your
answer in your answer sheet.
In ⨀I, ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝑂 and ̅̅̅̅
𝑉𝐸 are diameters and ∠ OIU is a right angle.
Find the measure of the following angle or arc:
11.𝑚 ∠ VIU
12. 𝑚 ̂𝐿𝑉𝐸
13. 𝑚 ∠ LIE
14 𝑚 ∠ EIU.
̂
15. 𝑚 𝐿𝑂𝑉

D. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies

In ⊙M, ∠ OMS ≅ ∠ SME

m ∠ RMI = 3x+5, m ∠ IME = x+35
̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝐸 and ̅̅̅
𝐼𝑂 are diameters, find the following:
1. value of x
2. 𝑚 ∠ RMI
3. 𝑚 ∠ IME
4. 𝑚 ̂𝑅𝑂𝑆
5. 𝑚 ̂𝑅𝐸𝑆

References:

Callanta et al,2015: Mathematics 10 Learner’s Module, Pasig City, Department of

Education
Carreon, E., Lorenzo, J., Malaborbor, P and Sabangan, L.2005: Geometry, Quezon
City, Educational Resources Corporation
Mendoza, M, and Oronce, O., 2019: E-Math Worktext in Mathematics 10, Sampaloc,
Manila, Rex Bookstore

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

JANETH E. BACOTCOT PAMELA A. RODEMIO

Master Teacher 1 EPS, Mathematics
Division of Cebu Province
GUIDE

For the Teacher: Advise the students to read the reading and discussion portion before they
attempt to answer the practice exercises. Going through the parts sequentially will help them
understand easily the topic.

For the Learner: Read through the self-learning home task from the first part to the last part.
Doing so, will help you understand better the topic.

For the Parent/Home Tutor: Assist your child and make sure that he/she reads the self-
learning home task from beginning to end to ensure proper understanding of the concepts.

5
 SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject: Mathematics Grade: 10 Level ________ Quarter: 2 Week: 4

MELC: proves theorems related to chords, arcs, central angles and inscribed angles
Competency Code: M10GE-IIc-d-1
Name: __________________________Section: ________ Date: ________

School: __________________________ District: ________________________

A. Discussions and Examples

Theorems on Central Angles, Arcs, and Chords

Theorem 1. In a circle or in congruent circles, two minor arcs are congruent if and only if
their corresponding central angles are congruent.
Proof of the Theorem
The proof has two parts. Part 1. Given are two congruent circles and a central angle from
each circle which are congruent. The two- column proof below shows that their
corresponding intercepted arcs are congruent.

B
D
Given: ⨀o ⨀U
C A
m COD  mAUB
O U
̂  𝐴𝐵
Prove: 𝐶𝐷 ̂

Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. ⨀𝑂 ⨀𝑈 Given
m COD  mAUB
2. In ⊙ 𝑂, m COD= m 𝐶𝐷
̂ The degree measure of a minor arc is
̂
In ⊙ 𝑈 mAUB = m 𝐴𝐵 the measure of the central angle which
intercepts the arc.

3. m COD= mAUB From statement 1, Definition of

congruent angles

̂ = m 𝐴𝐵
4. m 𝐶𝐷 ̂ From 2 & 3, substitution

5. ̂  𝐴𝐵
𝐶𝐷 ̂ From 4, definition of congruent arcs

Part 2. Given are two congruent circles and intercepted arcs from each circle which are
congruent. The two- column proof below shows that their corresponding angles are
congruent.

6
 Given: ⨀o ⨀U D B
̂  𝐴𝐵
𝐶𝐷 ̂ C A

Prove: CODAUB O U

Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. ⨀𝑂 ⨀ 𝑈 Given

̂  𝐴𝐵
𝐶𝐷 ̂

̂ = m COD
2. 𝐼𝑛 ⨀𝑂, m 𝐶𝐷 The degree measure of a minor arc is
the measure of the central angle which
̂ = mAUB
𝐼𝑛 ⨀𝑈, m 𝐴𝐵 intercepts the arc.

̂ =m 𝐴𝐵
3. m 𝐶𝐷 ̂ From 1, definition of congruent arcs

4. m COD = mAUB From 2 & 3, substitution

5. COD  AUB From 4 Definition of congruent angles

Theorem 2. In a circle or in congruent circles, two minor arcs are congruent if and only if
their corresponding chords are congruent.
A

H
T N
B E
O
C

In ⊙ 𝑇 on the right, ̅̅̅̅𝐵𝐴  ̅̅̅̅ ̂ 𝐶𝐻

𝐶𝐻. Since the two chords are congruent, then 𝐵𝐴 ̂ . If ⊙ 𝑇 ⊙
𝑁 and 𝐵𝐴 ̅̅̅̅  ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅  𝐶𝐻 𝑂𝐸, then, 𝐵𝐴 ̂  𝑂𝐸
̂ 𝐶𝐻 ̂.

Proof of the Theorem

The proof has two parts. Part 1. Given two congruent circles ⊙ 𝑇  ⊙ 𝑁 and two congruent
corresponding chords ̅̅̅̅𝐴𝐵 and ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝐸 , the two-column proof below shows that the
̂ and 𝑂𝐸
corresponding minor arcs 𝐴𝐵 ̂ are congruent.

A E
Given: ⊙ 𝑇  ⊙ 𝑁
T N
𝐴𝐵  ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ 𝑂𝐸
̂  𝑂𝐸
Prove: 𝐴𝐵 ̂ B O

7
One way to show that two segments are congruent is to show that they are parts of
congruent figures. If the radii joining points T and N to the endpoints of the given chords
are drawn, two triangles,  ATB and  ONE are formed.
Proof:
Statements Reasons

1. ⊙ 𝑇  ⊙ 𝑁 1. Given

̅̅̅̅  ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 𝑂𝐸
̅̅̅̅  𝑇𝐵
2. 𝑇𝐴 ̅̅̅̅ 𝑁𝑂
̅̅̅̅ 𝑁𝐸
̅̅̅̅ 2. Radii of the same circle or of congruent
circles are congruent.

3.  ATB   ONE 3. SSS Postulate

4. ATB  ONE 4. Corresponding Parts of Congruent

Triangles are Congruent (CPCTC)
̂ 𝑂𝐸
5. 𝐴𝐵 ̂ 5. In a circle or in congruent circles, two
minor arcs are congruent if and only if their
corresponding central angles are
congruent.

̂ and
Part 2. Given two congruent circles ⊙ 𝑇 and ⊙ 𝑁 and two congruent minor arcs 𝐴𝐵
̂ the two-column proof below shows that the corresponding chords 𝐴𝐵
𝑂𝐸, ̅̅̅̅ and ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝐸 are
congruent.

Given: ⊙ 𝑇  ⊙ 𝑁
A E
̂  𝑂𝐸
𝐴𝐵 ̂

̅̅̅̅  ̅̅̅̅
Prove: 𝐴𝐵 𝑂𝐸 T N

B O
Proof:

Statements Reasons

1. ⊙ T  ⊙ N 1. Given

̂  OE
AB ̂

̂  m OE
2.m AB ̂ 2. Definition of congruent arcs

3. BTA and ONE are central angles 3. Definition of central angles

̂
4. mATB = m BA 4.The degree measure of a minor arc is the
measure of the central angle which
̂
mONE=m OE intercepts the arc.

5. m BTA = ONE 5. From 2, 4, Substitution

TA  ̅̅̅̅
6. ̅̅̅̅ TB NO
̅̅̅̅NE
̅̅̅̅ 6. Radii of the same circle or of congruent
circles are congruent.

8
 7.  ATB   ONE 7. SAS Postulate

AB  ̅̅̅̅
8. ̅̅̅̅ OE 8. Corresponding Parts of Congruent
Triangles are Congruent (CPCTC)

Combining parts 1 and 2, the theorem is proven.

Remember

Congruent arcs are arcs of the same circle or of congruent circles with equal
measures.

Arc Addition Postulate. The measure of an arc formed by two adjacent arcs is the
sum of the measures of the two arcs.

SSS Congruence Postulate. If three sides of a triangle are congruent

respectively to three sides of another triangle, then the two triangles are
congruent.

SAS Congruence Postulate. If two sides and the included angle of one
triangle are congruent respectively to two sides and the included angle of
another triangle, then the two triangles are congruent.

Inscribed Angle Theorem

If an angle is inscribed in a circle, then the measure of the angle equals one-half the
measure of its intercepted arc (or the measure of the intercepted arc is twice the measure
of the inscribed angle.
Q
Given  PQR inscribed in ⊙ 𝑆 and ̅̅̅̅ 𝑃𝑄 is a diameter
X
1
Prove: m  PQR = m 𝑃𝑅 ̂ S
2

̅̅̅̅ and let m  PQR = x

Draw 𝑅𝑆 R
P

Proof:

Statements Reasons

1.  PQR inscribed in ⊙ 𝑆 and ̅̅̅̅

𝑃𝑄 is a Given
diameter.

̅̅̅̅  𝑅𝑆
2. 𝑄𝑆 ̅̅̅̅ Radii of a circle are congruent.

3.  QRS is an isosceles  Definition of isosceles triangle

9
 4. PQR  QRS The base angles of an isosceles
triangle are congruent.
5. m PQR  mQRS The measures of congruent angles are
equal.
6. mQRS = X Transitive Property

7. mPSR = 2X The measure of an exterior angle of a

triangle is equal to the sum of the
measures of its remote interior angles.

̂
8. mPSR = m 𝑃𝑅 The measure of a central angle is equal
to the measure of its intercepted arc.
̂ = 2x
9. m 𝑃𝑅 Transitive Property

̂ = 2(m PQR)
10. m 𝑃𝑅 Substitution

1
̂
11. mQRS = m 𝑃𝑅 Multiplication Property of Equality
2

The Inscribed Angle Theorems

1. The measure of an inscribed angle equals one-half the measure

of its intercepted arc or the measure of the intercepted arc is
twice the measure of the inscribed angle.
2. Inscribed angles that intercept the same or congruent arcs are
congruent.
3. An angle inscribed in a semicircle is a right angle.
4. If a quadrilateral is inscribed in a circle, then its opposite angles
are supplementary.

Remember: Supplementary angles are two angles whose measures have a sum of 180
degrees.
A
Task I. Given Isosceles CAR is inscribed in ⨀𝐸. If m 𝐶𝑅
̂ = 130 , find:
0

A. mCAR ̂
B. m𝐴𝐶 ̂
C. m𝐴𝑅 E
C
Solutions:
R
0
1
̂
The measure of the inscribed angle 130
A. mCAR = m 𝐶𝑅 is ½ of the measure of its
2 intercepted arc

1
= (1300)
2

mCAR = 650

10
 ̂ = 1150
B. m𝐴𝐶 Two minor arcs are congruent if and
only if their corresponding chords
̂ = 1150
C. m𝐴𝑅 are congruent

M 700
̅̅̅̅̅ is a diameter of ⨀𝑂. If m𝑀𝑅
̂ =70 , Find: 0 R
Task 2. 𝐷𝑅

A. mRDM B. mDRM C. mDMR

O
Solutions:
D
1
A. mRDM = ̂
m 𝑀𝑅
2

1
= (700)
2

= 350
1
B. mDRM = ̂
m 𝑀𝐷
2

1
= (1100)
2

= 550
1
C. mDMR= ̂
m 𝐷𝑅
2

1
= (1800)
2
An angle inscribed in a semicircle is
= 900 a right angle

Task 3. Quadrilateral FAIT is inscribed in ⊙H. If m AFT = 750 and mFTI = 980, find:

A. m TIA B. FAI F
750 A
Solutions:
If a quadrilateral is inscribed in a H
A. m TIA = 1800- 750 circle, then its opposite angles are 980
supplementary.
= 1050 T
I
B. FAI = 1800- 980
= 820

B. Exercises

Exercise 1

Directions: Apply the theorems to solve the following special cases of inscribed
angles and central angles. B
A
1. Find the mABD, the inscribed angle of ⊙C.
A. 900 B. 1800 C. 2700 D. 3600 C

11
 ̂ if the measure of  AOC is 1100. A
2. Find the measure of 𝐴𝐶 C
A. 61.50 B. 1100C. 2260 D. 2700 O

B
3. Given ABC whose vertex is at the center of the circle, then the measure
of the angle is equal to the measure of its intercepted arc.
A
Therefore, the measure of B is _____.
B 800
A. 200 B. 400 C. 800 D. 1200

M
4. If the measure of LMP = 470, then the measure of 𝐿𝑃
̂ is_______.
470

A. 23.50 B. 940 C. 1140 D. 1800 L

P
5. If two inscribed angles of a circle intercept the same arc then the angles are
congruent. What is the measure  V when the measure of  D = 2x-540

A. 23.50 B. 270 C. 540 D. 1080 V C

x0

2x-540
D
F

Exercise 2

Four different string art star patterns are shown. If all of the inscribed angles of each star
shown are congruent, find the measure of each inscribed angle.
Note: The sum of the measures of the central angles of a circle with no interior points in
common is 360.

STAR 1 STAR 3 STAR 4

STAR 2

1. The measure of each inscribed angle in STAR 1 is _______.

A. 700 B. 720 D. 900 D. 1000

2. The measure of each inscribed angle in STAR 2 is _______.

A. 600 B. 900 C. 1200 D. 2700
3. The measure of each inscribed angle in STAR 3 is _______.
A. 50.430 B. 510 C. 51.400 D.51.430

12
4. The measure of each inscribed angle in STAR 4 is _______.
A. 450 B. 500 C. 550 D. 600
̂ in the figure at the right.
5. Find the measure of 𝐸𝐹𝐶
Assume that lines which appear to be diameters are actual diameters. D
C

A. 1260 B. 1800 C. 184 D. 2340 B E

1260
F
C. Assessment/Application/Outputs

Directions: Answer the following questions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write it in your answer sheet.

1. A stop sign in the shape of a regular octagon is inscribed in a circle.

̂?
What is the measure of 𝑁𝑃𝑄 N O

M P

L Q
A. 450 B. 900 C. 1350 D. 1800
S R

2. In the figure at the right points A, B, C are on ⊙O, and mACB = 690.
What is the mAOB? A

A. 690 B. 1380 C. 2780 D. 3600

C 690 O

3. The diagram shows how light bends in a

raindrop to make the colors of the rainbow.
̂ = 1440, what is measure of R?
If m 𝑆𝑇

F
A. 2880 B. 1440 C. 720 D.33.50
4. Given the figure at the right,what is the value of X?
G 31x+3 1920
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
A B

5. What is the value of x in the figure below? 570

E
C
A. 370 B. 570 C. 1140 D. 2280 X

13
 B
Supply the missing statements/reasons in the two-column proof.

Given: P lies inside ABC, 𝐵𝐷

̅̅̅̅ is a diameter. P C
Prove: mABC = ½ m 𝐴𝐶 ̂
A

D
Statements Reasons

6. Addition Postulate

7. mABD = ½ m (𝐴𝐷
̂) 7.

mDBC = ½ m (𝐷𝐶
̂)

8. 8. Substitution

9. 9. Arc Addition Postulate

̂)
10. m∠ABC = ½ m (𝐴𝐶 10.

11. Quadrilateral VDCF is inscribed in circle O. If the measure of  VDC = 960 and the
measure of DCF = 770, find the measure of VFC. D C
0
96 0 77
O
V

F
12. Zane designed a personalized pendant. She decided to have a six sided one. If the
opposite vertices are connected by line segments and meet at the center of the circle, what
is the measure of the angle formed at the center of the circle?

P
R
13. PQR is inscribed at ⊙ 𝑆, what is the measure of 𝑄𝑃
̂
S
if PQR = 50 0

Q T
14. If  ACB is 34 , what is the measure of  ADB?
0
A
B

14
 15. Chord UN travels through the center of circle O which means it is a diameter. If the
measure of UOR = 200, what is the measure of NOR?

O
O
U N

R
D. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies

̂ = 640 and TEM = 580, find:

Rectangle TEAM is inscribed in ⊙ 𝐵. If m 𝑇𝐸
̂
A. m 𝑇𝑀
̂
B.m 𝑀𝐴
̂
C. m𝐴𝐸
D. mMEA
E. mTAM

References: Learner’s Module 10 pages 142-146, 152-154, 169-171

Prepared by: VIRGINIA D. FELICANO

Edited by:

Reviewed by:

PAMELA A. RODEMIO
EPS, Mathematics
Division of Cebu Province

GUIDE

For the Teacher: Advise the students to read the reading and discussion portion before they
attempt to answer the practice exercises. Going through the parts sequentially will help them
easily understand the topic.

For the Learner: Read through the self- learning home task from the first part to the last
part. Doing so, will help you understand better the topic.

For the Parent/Home Tutor: Assist your child and make sure that he/she reads the self-
learning home task from beginning to end to ensure proper understanding of the concepts.

15
 SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject: Mathematics Grade: 10 Level: _____ Quarter: 2 Week: 5

MELC: Illustrating Secants, Tangents, Segments, and Sectors of a Circle
Competency Code: M10GE-IIe-1

Name: ___________________________________ Section:__________ Date: ________

School: __________________________________ District: __________________________

A. Discussion and Examples

Task 1: Let’s start our journey by analyzing this simple problem. A circle has a radius of 10 cm. An arc
measuring 720 is intercepting two radii forming the shaded region as shown in the figure below.

a. What do you call the shaded region?

b. How do you get the area of the shaded region?

Discussion for Task 1:

a. The shaded region is called the sector of the circle. It is a region bounded by the arc of the circle and
the two radii to endpoints of the arc.
b. To get the area of the sector of the circle, we must remember two different formulas.
First Formula: If a sector has radius r and its arc has measure q, then its area is
𝒒
𝑨= (𝝅𝒓𝟐 )
𝟑𝟔𝟎
Since our sector has an arc measure of 720 and a radius of 10cm, then we can get the area using the formula.
That is:
q
A= (πr 2 )
360
72
A= ((10)2 π) (Substitute r = 10 and q=72.)
360
1
A= (100π) (Reduce the fraction and square 10.)
5
𝐀 = 𝟐𝟎𝛑
Thus, the area of the shaded region is 20πcm2 .

Second Formula: The area of a sector is half the product of its radius and the length of its arc.
𝟏
𝑨 = 𝒓𝑳
𝟐
Suppose the arc length of the sector is 4πcm and its radius is 10cm, then we can get the area using the second
formula. That is,
1
A = rL
2
1
A = 10(4π ) (Substitute r = 10 and L = 4𝜋)
2
𝐀 = 𝟐𝟎𝛑
Thus, the area of the shaded region is 20πcm2 .
𝒒
If an arc has measure q and radius r, then its length is 𝑳 = (𝝅𝒓).
𝟏𝟖𝟎
Side Note:

16
Example:
1. Find the area of the sector of the circle with a radius of 6cm and an arc measure of 900.
Solution:
q
A= (πr 2 )
360
90
A= (π(6)2 ) (Substitute the given arc measure and radius to the formula.)
360
1
A= (36π) (Simplify)
4
𝐀= 𝟗𝛑𝐜𝐦𝟐
2. In a circle of radius 6cm, a sector has an area 15πcm2 . What is the measure of the arc of the sector?
Solution: Since the radius and area of the sector is given and it is the measure of the arc that we need
to find, then we will use the first formula and substitute what is known in our problem.
q
A= (πr 2 ) (Let q be the measure of the arc of the sector.)
360
q
15π = (π(6)2 ) (Substitute the given area and radius to the formula.)
360
q
15π = (36π) (Simplify)
360
πq
15π = (Simplify)
10
10
150 = q (multiply both sides of the equation by )
π
The measure of the arc of the sector is 1500.

Task 2: A chord 11.76 cm long connects the ends of the arc of the sector forming a triangle with the radii.
The triangle has a height of 8.1 cm.

a. What do you call the region bounded by the arc and the chord
of the arc?
b. How do you get the area of the shaded region?

Discussion for Task 2:

a. The region bounded by the arc and the chord of the arc is called the segment of a circle.
b. To get the area of the segment of a circle, we will simply subtract the area of the sector and the area
of the triangle. That is, Area segment of the circle = Area sector – Area triangle.
Solution:
Finding the area of sector: Finding the area of the triangle:
q 1
A= (πr 2 ) A= (bh)
360 2
72 1
A= ((10cm)2 π) A= (11.76 cm x 8.1 cm) (Substitute b and h from the given.)
360 2
1
A= (100cm2 π) A = 47.63𝑐𝑚 2
5
A= 20𝜋𝑐𝑚2
Finding the area of the segment:
Area segment = Area sector – Area ∆
Area segment = 20𝜋𝑐𝑚2 - 47.63𝑐𝑚2 ( To get the difference of the two, substitute 𝜋 with 3.1416)
Area segment = 𝟏𝟓. 𝟐𝟎𝒄𝒎𝟐

17
 Example:
Find the area of a segment of a circle with an arc of 1200, a chord of 6√3 in, and a radius of 6 in.

Solution:
Finding the area of sector: Finding the area of the triangle:
q 1
A= (πr 2 ) A= (bh )
360 2
120 1 Using the special right triangle 60 -30-90, the
A= ((6)2 π) A= (6√3 x 3 ) height of the triangle is 3 in.
360 2
1
A= (36π) A = 6√3 𝑖𝑛2
3
A= 12𝜋𝑖𝑛2

Finding the area of the segment:

Area segment = Area sector – Area ∆
Area segment = 12𝜋𝑖𝑛2 - 6√3 𝑖𝑛2 (substitute 𝜋 with 3.1416 and √3=1.73)
Area segment = 𝟐𝟕. 𝟑𝟏𝒊𝒏𝟐

Task 3: Two lines and a circle lie on the same plane. ⃡𝑁𝑉 intersects the circle at two points and ⃡𝐴𝑉 intersects
the circle at exactly one point.

⃡ ?
a. What do you call 𝑁𝑉
⃡ ?
b. What do you call 𝐴𝑉

Discussion for Task 3:

⃡ is a line that intersects the circle at exactly two points. It is called a secant line. Every secant line
a. 𝑁𝑉
defines a unique chord and every chord is in a secant line.
⃡ is tangent to the circle. It is a line which intersects the circle in one and only one point. This point
b. 𝐴𝑉
is called the point of tangency, or point of contact. We say that the line and the circle are tangent at
this point.
B. Exercises

Exercise 1

Directions: Answer the following items about the area of a segment and the area of a sector of a circle. Show
your complete and organize solution.

1. A circle has a radius 18’’. How long is an arc of 2700?

40𝜋
2. What is the radius of a circle if it has a sector with area 55.85 cm2 and an arc length cm?
9
3. Find the area of the sector of a circle with radius 10 ft and an angle measure of 110 0.
4. In a circle with radius 2 cm, a sector has an area πcm2. What is the measure of the arc of the sector?
5. A regular octagon is inscribed in a circle of radius 5√2 units. Find the area of the circle that is outside the
octagon.

Exercise 2

Directions: Using the circles below, construct the following and label them correctly.

18
 ̅̅̅̅ and ̅̅̅̅
1. Chords 𝐻𝑌 𝐸𝑂 intersect at the center of⊙ 𝑁.
Shade the region bounded by 𝐻𝐸̂ when secant ⃡𝐻𝐸 intersects⊙ 𝑁 1.
at the points H and E.

2. 𝐾𝑆 is tangent to the circle at T. Secant 𝐾𝑅 contains P, the center of

the circle. ̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑅 and ̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑇 are radii of the circle. Shade the sector of the
2.
̂.
circle bounded by 𝑇𝑅

̅̅̅̅ touches the circle at point R and S and intersects

3. Secant 𝑆𝑄 3.
̅̅̅̅ outside the circle. Draw chords 𝑇𝑅
tangent 𝑇𝑄 ̅̅̅̅ and 𝑆𝑇
̅̅̅̅
to form ∆𝑆𝑅𝑇.

4. Draw. Two tangent lines intersect outside ⊙ 𝑅 at point A and 4.

Intersect the circle at points N and O, respectively. Radii ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝑁 and ̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝑂
̅̅̅̅
connect the tangent lines to the center of circle. 𝑅𝐴 connects the
center of the circle to the point of intersection of the two tangent lines.

5. Draw. Tangent ̅̅̅̅𝑅𝑉intersects ⊙ 𝐻 at A. Tangent ̅̅̅̅

𝑅𝑁 intersects ⊙ 𝐻
at O. Tangent 𝑁𝑊̅̅̅̅̅ intersects ⊙ 𝐻 at E. Tangent 𝑉𝑊
̅̅̅̅̅ intersects ⊙ 𝐻 at Y.
5.
Connect the points of intersections on the circle with the tangent lines.
Name the figure inscribed in the circle using the points of intersections.
Name the figure inscribing the circle using the points of intersections outside
the circle. (Example: triangle ABC)

C. Assessment/Application/Outputs

Directions: Encircle the letter of your answer for multiple choice items. Write your answer for those items that
don’t have choices. Show your solution on a clean sheet of paper to items that need solution.

1. What is the area of the sector of a circle if it has a radius 8cm and an arc measure of 60 0?
32 32 4 4
a. cm2 b. π cm2 c. cm2 d. π cm2
3 3 3 3
2. ⊙ 𝑅 has a radius of 20cm, a central angle of 800, and a chord of 25.71cm. What is the area of the segment
of the circle? Use 𝜋 = 3.1416.
a. 44.51 cm2 b.14.17 cm2 c. 233.75 cm2 d. 165.25 cm2
3. If the colors of the rainbow are to be placed evenly in a color wheel, what should each area be if the circle
has a radius 7in?
7
a. 49π in2 b. π in2 c. 7π in2 d. 10π in2
10
4. The minute hand of a large clock on the tower of public building measures 2.0m long. Find the distance
travelled by the tip of the minute hand in 15 minutes.
For items 5 and 6
A regular pizza is priced based on its diameter in inches. The price per inch of the diameter is Php15.
Suppose a slice has an area 30 in2 and an arc measuring 10 in,
5. What is the diameter of the pizza?
a.12 in b. 10 in c. 6 in d. 15 in
6. How much does the pizza cost?
a.Php150 b. Php180 c. Php90 d. Php 225

19
 For items 7 and 8
A circle with radius 2 units has a sector with an area π u2 and a diameter 2√2units.
7. What is the measure of the arc of the sector?
a. 1800 b. 450 c. 900 d. 800
8. What is the area of the segment of the circle?
a. 2 u2 b. √2 u c. (π-2) u2 d. (π-√2) u2
9. Given the figure below, which statement/s is/are true?

I. ⃡ is secant line of ⊙ 𝑀
𝐴𝐶
II. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐷 is the diameter of ⊙ 𝑀
III. ⃡ is also a secant line of ⊙ 𝑀
𝐸𝐹
IV. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝑀 is a radius of ⊙ 𝑀

a. I, II, & IV only b. I, III, & IV only c. I and IV only d. I , II, III, & IV
10. Which of the following line segments are secants to the circle?
a. ̅̅̅̅̅, 𝐶𝐷
𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅ only
b. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 , ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷 , ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝐹 only
c. ̅̅̅̅̅, 𝐸𝐹
𝐶𝐷 ̅̅̅̅ only
d. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 , ̅̅̅𝐽𝐾 only

11. Given ⊙ 𝐽 below, construct the following lines and line segments and label them correctly.

⃡ is tangent to ⊙ 𝐽 at R.
𝑅𝐴
⃡𝑅𝑂 is a secant line of ⊙ 𝐽.
̅̅̅̅ ⃡ .
𝑅𝑁 is a chord of ⊙ 𝐽 contained in 𝑅𝑂
̅̅̅̅
𝐽𝑁 is a radius of ⊙ 𝐽.

12. An arc of a circle measures 600. If the circle has a radius 8 cm, what is the length of the arc?

13. A circle of radius 6 units has a sector with an area of 15 πu2. What is the length of the arc of the sector?
For items 14 and 15
Using the circle below, construct the given information. Find what is asked.
Secant ⃡𝐴𝑉 intersects secant ⃡𝑂𝑁 at R, the center of the circle, forming a sector of the circle with 𝐴𝑂 ̂
measuring 450, a chord 3.82 units, and a radius 5 units.

14. Find the area of the sector of the circle.

15. Find the area of the segment of the circle.

20
 D. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies

Find the area of the shaded region of the circle. Answer the questions that follow.

Questions:
a. How did you find the area of each shaded region?
b. What mathematics concepts or principles or principles did you apply to find the area of the shaded region?
Explain how you apply these concepts.

References:

1. Learner’s Material for Mathematics Grade 10, pp. 147 – 159, 178 – 198
2. Final-K-to-12-MELCS-with-CG-Codes, p.239
3. Sr. Ma. Mauricia L. Villarmil, R.V.M., Dr. Raymundo A. Favila, Ph.D., Edwin E. Moise, Floyd L. Downs, Jr.,
Geometry Metric Edition, pp. 535 -554

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

JIMJUN F. RAMAS PAMELA A. RODEMIO
Teacher III EPS, Mathematics
Division of Cebu Province

GUIDE

For the Teacher: Advise the students to read the reading and discussion portion before they attempt to answer the
practice exercises. Going through the parts sequentially will help them understand easily the topic.

For the Learner: Read through the self-learning home task from the first part to the last part. Doing so, will help you
understand better the topic.

For the Parent/Home Tutor: Assist your child and make sure that he/she reads the self-learning home task from
beginning to end to ensure proper understanding of the concepts.

21