Institutional Correction

A Self-regulated Learning Module
Republic of the Philippines

ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
Roxas Campus
Institutional Correction
An Instructional Material
Second Semester
School Year 2021-2022
2 Police Intelligence Instructional Material Reynaldo M. Esmeralda, M.S.
Crim.
“This is for criminological purposes and therefore not for sale.” S.Y. 2015-2016
ISUE-CAS-InM-065
Effective: September 1, 2013
Revised 0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE CONTENT PAGES

COVER Cover Page 1
TABLE Table of Contents 2
INTRODUCTION Course Code/Course Description/ Requirement 3
of the Course
MODULE I Nature and Trends of Punishment form Pre- 4-44
Classical School of Penology to the Present
MODULE II The Administrative Organization and 45-61

Management of Institutional-Based Corrections
MODULE III 63-114

BJMP MANUAL
MODULE IV RA 10575/RA 10592 115-124
EVALUATION Course Evaluation 125
INTRODUCTION OF THE MODULE
I. Course Code and Course Title:CRIM PROF 221:Institutional Correction
II. Course Description: This course covers the study of the nature of institutional corrections both local and
international settings including pertinent laws relative to human rights and victim welfare and various
rehabilitation programs applicable to the offenders’ re-integration to the community.
III. Requirement of the Course:
1. Quizzes, Assignments and Research works (Online/Offline)
2. Periodic Major Exams (Online/Offline)
3. Group/Individual research (Online/Offline)
4. Definition of Terms
5. Outline of Lecture notes
6. Seminar/Training (Offline)
7. Research/Library works (Online/Offline)
8. Innovative/OBE
\ ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY ROXAS CAMPUS 4

MODULE 1
Nature and Trends of Punishment form Pre-Classical School of Penology to the Present
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Discuss the Nature and Trends of Punishment form Pre-Classical School of Penology to the Present
2. Identify the pioneers and contributor of Correction and Correctional process;
3. Understand the Development of Modern Correctional Concepts and Standards; and
4. Conceptualized UN standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
PART 1
Evolution of Correctional Institutions:
Prisons were unknown in the ancient world. Instead, there were dungeons in the castles, or filthy and
nauseating airless caves serving as detention cells for persons whose crimes are punishable with penalties
other than imprisonment
1. Historical Perspective on Corrections
1. Early History:
a. Tribal Societies
1. Characterized by reliance on religious authorities or families to maintain order

2. Group welfare of primary concern
3. Emphasis on vengeance
b. Growth of Cities – Role of family as means of social control weakened.
c. Rise of written legal codes.
- Code of Hammurabi -1750
1. Relied on lex talionis (Law of Vengeance)
2. Emphasized limiting punishment
d. Corporal punishment and death common punishment in ancient societies.
e. Greek and Romans societies.
1. Greeks wanted to reform and deter not just avenge.
2. Different punishment for slaves VS citizens.
f. After Christianity became state religion, Roman Empire put more emphasis on mercy.
g. By 6th century, many countries used written code.
- Disparities between rich and poor.
2. Early Middle Ages (13th – 15th Centuries)

Two Systems in England and Europe
1. Ecclesiastical – Church had own set of punishments.
2. Secular
1. Based on Feudal System
2. Violent Feuds between rival lords
3. Wergild established as means to avert bloody feuding
4. People of wealth generally punished by fines, restitution., Also had “benefit of clergy”
5. Lower classes received physical punishment.
Secular Law – The law of the civil society, as distinguished from church law.
Wergild – “Man money”, money paid to the relatives of a murdered person or to the victim of a crime as
compensation and to prevent a blood feud.
3. Later middle Ages (15th – 16th Centuries)
a. Authority of government grew.
- Feudal System Lessened in importance
b. Government emphasized deterrence.
- Make Punishment

The Primary Schools of Penology:
1. The Classical School – it maintains the “doctrine of psychological hedonism” or “free will”. That the individual
calculates pleasures and pains in advance of action and regulates his conduct by the result of his calculations.
2. The Neo-Classical School – it maintained that while classical doctrine is correct in general, it should be
modified in certain details. Since children and lunatics cannot calculate the differences pleasures from pain,
they should not be regarded as criminals, hence they should be free from punishment.
3. The Positivist/Italian School – The school that denied individual responsibility and reflected non-punitive
reactions to crime and criminality. It adheres those crimes, as any other act, is a natural phenomenon.
Criminals are considered as sick individuals who need to be treated by treatment programs rather than punitive
actions against them.
Early Codes:
1. Babylonian and Sumerian Codes
1890 BC, Babylon: The Code of King Hammurabi (Hammurabi Code) –credited as the oldest code prescribing
savage punishment to outlaws but in fact, Sumerian codes were nearly one hundred years older. Hammurabi
(flourished 18th century BC),
2. Roman and Greek Codes

Justinian Code – 6th C A.D., Emperor Justinian of Rome wrote his code of law. An effort to match desirable
amount of punishment to all possible crimes. However, the law did not survive due to the fall of the Roman
Empire but left a foundation of Western legal codes.
a. 451-450 BC , Roman Empire: The Twelve Tables (XII Tabulae), (The code of laws written on 12 wooden
tablets)) – Was recognized as the earliest codification of Roman Laws. The influence of the twelve tablets
extended until the 6th century AD when it was mostly incorporated into the Justinian Code(529AD). It is the
foundation of all public and private law of the Romans until the time of Justinian. It is also a collection of legal
principles engraved metal tablets and set up on the forum.
b. Greek Code of Draco – In Greece, the Code of Draco, a harsh code that provides the same punishment for
both citizens and the slaves as it incorporates in primitive concepts. (Vengeance, Blood Feuds).
3.The Burgundian Code (500 A.D.) – specified punishment according to the social class of offenders, dividing
them into: nobles; middle class and lower class and specifying the value of the life of each person according to
social status.
Crime, Punishment, and the Church:
Under the rule of Charlemagne (In latin, he was Carolus Magnus (Charles the Great), King of the (768-814)
and emperor of the Romans (800-814). Church officials set out to “prohibit all superstitious observances and
remnants of paganism”. During this era, Bishops were granted authority to act as secular matters. This
development was consistent with the early religious theme of punishment, which held because of the “sinful”
nature of some crimes, offenders had to pay their debt both to god as well as to society. Hence, the boundaries
between church law and state law became further blurred.
Because of the significant role of the church in structuring and maintaining the social order, enormous
emphasis was placed on monitoring religious beliefs. In its efforts to stamp out HERESY, the church replaced
TRIALS with ORDEAL, in which guilt or innocence was determined by the suspect’s ability to avoid injury while
engaging in dangerous and painful tests of faith.
Confronting the threat of HERESY became a central of theme of formal social control, and the HOLY
INQUISITION was established as an official law enforcement campaign in 1231. In a wide spread effort to
combat heresy, the Inquisition set out to save souls of the accused. Those who refused to repent or confess
were punished by having their land confiscated or being fined; imprisoned, condemned wearing crosses,
tortured or burned alive. This inquisition continued for several centuries throughout Europe and thousands of
persons accused of heresy was executed.
Benefits of the Clergy:
The right to be tried in an ecclesiastical court, where punishment were less severe than those meted out by
civil courts, given the religious focus on penance and salvation.
Early Codes (Philippine Setting)
The Philippines is one of the many countries that came under the influence of the Roman law. History has
shown that the Roman Empire reached its greatest extent to most of continental Europe such as Spain,
Portugal, French and all of Central Europe.
Eventually, the Spanish Civil Code became effective in the Philippines on December 7, 1889, the
“Conquistadores” and the “Kodigo Penal” (The Revised Penal Code today, 1930) was introduced by the
Spaniards promulgated by the King of Spain. Basically, these laws adopted the Roman Law principles (Coqiua,
Principles of Roman Law, 1996).

Mostly tribal traditions, customs and practices influence laws during the Pre-Spanish Philippines. There were
also laws that were written which include:
1. The Code of Kalantiao (promulgated in 1433) – the most extensive and severe law that prescribes harsh
punishment.
2. The Maragtas Code by Datu Sumakwel
3. Sikatuna Law
Early Prisons:
1. MAMERTINE PRISON – the only early Roman place of confinement which is built under the sewer of Rome
in 64 BC.
2. Other places of confinement in the history of confinement include FORTRESSES, CASTLES, and TOWN
GATES that were strongly built purposely against roving bands of raiders.
3. BRIDEWELL WORKHOUSE – the most popular workhouse in London (1557) which was built for the
employment and housing of English prisoners.
4. WULNUT STREET JAIL – originally constructed as a detention jail in Philadelphia. It was converted into a
state prison and became the first American Penitentiary.
PART II
Development of Modern Correctional Concepts and Standards
Important Dates and Events in the History of Corrections:
1. 13th Century – Securing Sanctuary
- A criminal could avoid punishment by claiming refugee in a church for a period of 40 days at the end of which
time he has compelled to leave the realm by a road or path assigned to him.
1468 (England) – Torture as a form of punishment became prevalent.
2. 6th Century – transportation of Criminals in England was authorized. At the end of the 16 th C, Russia and
other European Countries followed this system. It partially relieved overcrowding of prisons. Transportation
was abandoned in 1835.
3. 17thCentury to late 18Century – Death penalty became prevalent as a form of punishment.
1. GAOLS (Jails) – pretrial detention facilities operated by English Sheriff.
2. GALLEYS – long, low, narrow, single decked ships propelled by sails, usually rowed by criminals. A type of
ship used for transportation of criminals in the 16th C.
3. HULKS – former warships used to house prisoners in the 18th and 19th century. These were abandoned
warships converted into prisons as means of relieving congestion of prisoners. They were also called “Floating
Hells”.
4. St. Bridget’s Well (1552) – First house correction (England for locking-up and whipping beggars, prostitutes,
and night walkers of all sorts).
5. The Panoptican – The panoptican or inspection prison house building plan made by Jeremy Bentham, noted
English proponent of the classical school of criminology, which called tank structure covered by a glass roof.

The 1950 Panoptican, or roundhouse design, was a type of modern penitentiary advocated long ago by
Jeremy Bentham. Only two were built in the world.The guard tower is a cylindrical structure going up the
middle of the inside, hence the name panoptican, or all–seeing-eye.
6. The Pennsylvania Reform Act of 1790 – It abolished corporal punishment and limited capital offense was
reduced to only one that is first degree murder, imprisonment at hard labor was instituted as punishment for
other serious crimes.
7. Milibank Penitentiary (1812-1821) – Known as the first English prison.
8. The New Gate Prison – An abandoned copper mine located at Simsbury, Connecticut, the inmates are
confined underground and considered as black hole of horrors.
9. The Auburn prison System (1800) – characterized by locking the inmates in separate cells at night but
worked together in enforced silence in congregate workshops during the day.
PUNISHMENT
Punishment – it is the redress that the state takes against an offending member of the society that usually
involve pain or suffering.
1. it is also the penalty imposed on an offender for a crime or wrongdoing.
2. Redress (Compensation) of a wrong act.
a. Retaliation (Personal Vengeance) – the earliest remedy for a wrong act to any one (in the primitive society).
The concept of personal revenge by the victim’s family or tribe against the family or tribe of the offender, hence
“blood feuds” was accepted in the early primitive societies.
b. Fines and Punishment – Customs has exerted effort and great force among primitive societies. The
acceptance of vengeance in the form of payment (cattle, food, personal services, etc.) became accepted as
dictated by tribal traditions.
Ancient Forms of Punishment:
1. Death Penalty – affected by burning, beheading, hanging, and pillory and other forms of medieval
executions.
2. Physical Torture – Barbaric forms of inflicting pain. ex. Mutilation, Whipping.
3. Social Degradation – Putting the offender into shame or humiliation.
4. Banishment or Exile – The sending or putting away of an offender which was carried out either by prohibition
against coming into a specified territory such as an Island to where the offender has been removed.
5. Other similar forms of punishment like transportation and slavery.
Historical types of Punishment:
1. Humiliation:
a. Public humiliation
b. Gags – devices that were used to shame.
c. Bridle – iron cage to fit over the head and had a front plate that was sharpened.
d. Ducking tool – Ducked on a chair and suspended over a body of water.

e. Stocks – used as outside jails to punish the idle.
f. Pillories – A wooden framework with holes in the head and hands. Enabling the public to assault or ridicule a
person so imprisoned.
g. Branding – Widely used for the identification of cattle, usually involves the burning of a distinctive mark, or
brand into an animal hide with a hot iron.
2. Corporal punishment (punishment inflicted on the body especially by beating)

- It was typically imposed in public as a means of setting an example for other potential
offender(deterrence)and its inflicted pain on the offender as well, serving a retributive function.
3. Capital Punishment
- The most widely used form of execution was hanging.
Methods of Inflicting the Death Penalty
1. Stoning – Is a form of execution in which the condemned person is killed by being pelted with stones in
biblical times. The Mosaic Law decreed stoning for those guilty of idol-worship (Deut.17:5), Blasphemy (Lev
24:14), or Adultery (Deut. 22:23), Saint Stephen, the first Christian Martyr, was stoned to death for Blasphemy
(Acts7:58). Today, the Islamic Penal Code of Iran Prescribes stoning as a penalty for adultery, procuring and
other sexual offenses.
2. Crucifixion, execution of a criminal by nailing or binding to a cross. It was a common form of capital
punishment from the 6th century BC to the 4th century AD, especially among the Persians, Egyptians,
3. Beheading – Is a form of capital punishment. Practiced in ancient Greece and Rome and later in other parts
of Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, execution by decapitation was usually reserved for offenders of high rank
and for notorious criminals. It was originally carried out with an ax, later with a sword, and in France from the
late 18th century until capital punishment was abolished there in 1981, with the guillotine.John The Baptist was
an early victim of the practice, later death by beheading claimed such other notable figures as Anne Belyn,
Mary, Queen of Scots, death Walter Raleigh, Louis XVI of France, and his wife, Marie Antoinette.
Beheading has died out in Europe, but it continues to be employed as a PUNISHMENT IN SOME Muslim
country, along with a variety of Mutilation. It was also widespread in China until recent times.
Guillotine
Proposed in 1789 by French physician Joseph Ignace Guillotin, the guillotine was widely used during the
French Revolution (1789-1799), first to decapitate members of the nobility and Roman Catholic clergy, and
later to behead the revolutionaries themselves. The guillotine remained in use in France until capital
punishment was abolished in 1981. This reduced model belongs to the Museum of the City of Paris, Musée
Carnavalet, Paris, France.
4. Hanging - method of capital punishment by suspending the condemned person by the neck, usually with a
noosed rope or cord, from a frame with a crosspiece commonly known as gallows. Hanging is the official
means of execution in several countries.
Death through hanging may result from compression of the windpipe, obstruction of blood flow, and rupture of
nerve structures in the neck; all may be the causes of death, especially when death is not instantaneous.
Death comes instantly in a hanging in which the spinal cord is damaged or severed through the fracture or

dislocation of the first three cervical vertebrae.
Originally, hanging was not a method of capital punishment, but of inflicting indignity on the dead body of a
criminal. The practice of hanging an already executed murderer in chains on a gibbet, simple gallows
consisting of one upright post with a crosspiece at the top, continued in Britain well into the 19th century.
During the days of the Roman Empire, however, Germanic tribes used hanging as a method of execution, and
from them the measure was adopted by the Anglo-Saxon peoples. Hanging was first adopted in England in
1214, when a nobleman's son was hanged for piracy. In time, hanging displaced more barbarous methods of
execution.
5. Electrocution - in a legal sense, a method of inflicting the death penalty on a convicted criminal by passing
an electric current through the body. Electrocution was first used in 1890 in New York State. By 1972, at the
time of the U.S. Supreme Court decision on capital punishment, electrocution was the method of implementing
the death penalty in some 20 states. Death is assumed to be painless in this method of execution, with loss of
consciousness being virtually instantaneous.
Although only a small electric current is required to cause death in human beings, the electrical resistance of
the human body is so high that a large voltage is required to force even this small current through the body. In
U.S. prison practice, an alternating current of about 2000 volts is used for electrocution.
The criminal to be electrocuted is strapped into a specially constructed electric chair. One electrode is applied
to the scalp, the other to the calf of one leg. The electrodes are moistened with a salt solution to ensure
adequate contact. Death usually occurs within two minutes after the current has started to flow through the
body.
6. Gas Chamber – is an airtight room in which persons are killed with poisons gas. As a method of executing
condemned prisoners, it was first used in Nevada in 1924(see capital punishment). The prisoner is trapped in a
chair, and sodium cyanide pellets are dropped into a bucket of acid below it if the prisoner breathes deeply,
death comes almost at once.
The infamous concentration camp gas chambers used in Nazi Germany’s genocide programs were disguised
as bathhouses, Naked prisoner were herded inside, and lethal carbon monoxide or hydro cyanide gas fumes
were pumped in.
7. Firing Squad - soldiers ordered to shoot: a group of soldiers who carry out an execution by gunfire or deliver
a ceremonial volley over a grave
8. Lethal Injection – is method of capital punishment by which a convicted criminal is injected with a deadly
dose of barbiturates through an intravenous tube inserted into arm. The procedure
Resembles the method used for a patient undergoing anesthesia before surgery. Although lethal injection has
been adopted by most U.S. states with capital punishment since 1980, its first use (1982) stirred debate over
the ethics of using medical procedures and professionals to end a life.
Banishment
There are two kinds;
1. Slavery as banishment
2. Penal slavery at the oars (Oar is polo with a blade used for rowing).
Galleys were oar-driven ships used in commerce and warfare for hundreds of years until the 17th century by
Mediterranean nations. (Galleys is a low single-dacked vessels using sails oar and usually rowed by slaves or

criminals.
French Bagnes
Transportation – the practice of transporting offenders to remote location, replace bagnes in France by the
mid-1800’s as the method of punishment.
Early Forms of Prison Discipline:
1. Hard Labor – Productive works.
2. Deprivation – Deprivation of everything except the bare essential of existence.
3. Monotony – Giving the same food that is “off diet”, or requiring the prisoners to perform drab or boring daily
routine.
4. Uniformity – “We treat the prisoner alike”. “The fault of one is the fault of all”.
5. Mass Movement – Mass living in the cellblocks, mass eating, mass recreation, mass bathing.
6. Degradation – uttering insulting words or languages on the part of prisoners to degrade or break the
confidence of prisoners.
7. Corporal Punishment – Imposing brutal punishment or employing physical force to intimidate a delinquent
inmate.
8. Isolation or solitary confinement – non-communication, limited news. “The lone Wolf’.
Contemporary Forms of Punishment:
1. Imprisonment – putting the offender in prison for the purpose of protecting the public against criminal
activities and at the same time rehabilitating the prisoners by requiring them to undergo institutional treatment
programs.
2. Parole – a conditional release of a prisoner after serving part of his/her sentence in prison for the purpose of
gradually re-introducing him/her to free life under the guidance and supervision of a parole officer.
3. Probation – a disposition whereby a defendant after conviction of an offense, the penalty of which does not
exceed six years imprisonment, is released subject to the conditions imposed by the releasing court and under
the supervision of a probation officer.
4. Fine – an amount given as a compensation for a criminal act.
5. Destierro – the penalty of banishing a person from the place where he committed a crime, prohibiting him to
get near or enter the 25-kilometer perimeter.
Justifications of Punishment:
1. Retribution – The punishment should be provided by the state whose sanction is violated; to afford the
society or the individual the opportunity of imposing upon the offender suitable punishment as might be
enforced. Offenders should be punished because they deserve it.
2. Expiation or Atonement – It is punishment in the form of group vengeance where the purpose is to appease
the offended public or group.

3. Deterrence – Punishment gives lesson to the offender by showing to others what would happen to them if
they violate the law. Punishment is imposed to warn potential offenders that they cannot afford to do what the
offender has done.
4. Incapacitation and Protection – The public will protect, if the offender has being held conditioning where he
cannot harm others especially the public. Punishment is effective by placing offenders in prison so that society
will be ensured from further criminal depredations of criminals.
5. Reformation or Rehabilitation – It is the establishment of the usefulness and responsibility of the offender.
Society’s interest can be better served by helping the prisoner to become law abiding citizen and productive
upon his return to the community by requiring him to undergo intensive program of rehabilitation in prison.
Penalty – Is defined as the suffering inflicted by the state against an offending member for the transgression of
Law.
Juridical Conditions of penalty:
Punishment must be:
1. Productive of Suffering –Affecting the integrity of the human personality.
2. Commensurate with the offense – Different crimes must be punished with different penalties (Art. 205,
RPC).
3. Personal – The guilty one must be the one to be punished, no proxy.
4. Legal – The consequences must be in accordance with the law.
5. Equal – Equal for all person.
6. Certain – No one must escape its effects.
7. Correctional – Changes the attitudes of offenders and become law-abiding citizens.
Duration of Penalties:
1. Death Penalty – Capital punishment
2. Reclusion Perpetua – An imprisonment of 20 yrs and 1 day to 40 yrs imprisonment.
3. Reclusion Temporal – an imprisonment of 12yrs and 1day to 20yrs imprisonment.
4. Prison Correctional – 6 months and 11days to 6yrs.
5. Arresto Mayor – 1month and 1day to 6 months.
6. Arresto Menor – 1 day to 30 days.
7. Bond to keep the peace – Discretionary on the part of the court.
The Age of Enlightenment
18th Century is a century of change. It is the period of recognizing human dignity. It is the movement of
reformation, the period of introduction of certain reforms in the correctional field by certain person, gradually
changing the old positive philosophy of punishment to a more humane treatment of prisoners with innovational
programs.
The Pioneers:

1. WILLIAM PENN (1614-1718)
He fought for religious freedom and individual rights.
He is the first leader to prescribe imprisonment as correctional treatment for major offenders.
He is also responsible for the abolition of death penalty and torture as a form of punishment.
2. CHARLES MONTISIQUIEU (Charles Louis Secondat, Baron de la Brede et de Montesiquieu) (1689-1755)
- A French historian and philosopher who analyzed law as an expression of justice. He believe that the harsh
punishment would undermine morality and that appealing to moral sentiments as a better means of preventing
crime.
3. VOLTAIRE (Francois Marie Arouet) (1694-1778)
- He was the most versatile of all philosophers during this period. He believes that fear of shame was a
deterrent to crime. He fought for the legality sanctioned practice of torture.
4. CESARE BONESA, MARCHESE DE BECCARIA (1738-1794)
- He wrote an essay entitled “An Essay on Crimes and Punishment”., the most exciting essay on law during
this cen tury. It presented the humanistic goal of law.
5. JEREMY BENTHAM (1748-1832)
- the greatest leader in the reform of English Criminal Law. He believes that whatever punishment designed to
negate whatever pleasure or gain the criminal derives from crime, the crime rate would go down.
- Bentham was the one who devise the ultimate PANOPTICAN PRISON – a prison that consists of a large
circular building containing multi cells around the periphery. It was never built.
6. JOHN HOWARD (1726-1790)
a. The great reformist
b. The sheriff of Bedsfordshire in 1773 who devoted his life and fortune to prison reform. After his findings on
English Prisons, he recommended the following:
single cells for sleeping
segregation of women
segregation of youth
provision of sanitation facilities
abolition of fee system by which jailers obtained money from prisoners.
The Reformatory Movement:
1. ALEXANDER MOCANOCHIE – He is the Superintendent of the penal colony at Norfolk Island in Australia
(1840) who introduced the “Mark System”. A system in which a prisoner is required to earn a number of marks
based on proper department, labor and study in order to entitle him for a ticket of leave or conditional release
which is similar to parole.
2. MANUEL MONTESIMOS – The Director of Prisons in Valencia Spain (1835) who divided the number of
prisoners into companies and appointed certain prisoners as petty officers in charge, which allowed good

behavior to prepare the convict for gradual release.
3. DOMETS OF FRANCE – Established an agricultural colony for delinquent boys in 1839 providing
housefathers as in charge of these boys.
4. SIR EVELYN RUGGLES BRISE – The Director of English Prison who opened the Borstal Institution for
young offenders. The Borstal Institution is considered as the best reform institution for young offenders today.
5. WALTER CROFTON – He is the Director of the Irish Prison in 1854 who introduced the Irish System that
was modified from the Mocanochie’s mark system.
Four Stages of the Irish System (by: Crofton)
1. Solitary confinement for 9 months
2. Assignment to public works in association with other prisoners.
3. Work without supervision.
4. Release of prisoner under certain conditions similar to parole.
6. ZEBULON BROCKWAY – The Director of the Elmira Reformatory in New York (1876) who introduced
certain innovational programs like the following:
1. Training school type
2. Compulsory education of prisoners
3. Extensive use of parole
4. Indeterminate sentence
The Elmira Reformatory is considered as the forerunner of modern penology because it had the elements of a
modern system.
The Two Rival Prison System in the History of Correction:
1. The Auburn Prison System – the prison system called the “Congregate System”
The prisoners are confined in their own cells during the night and congregate work in shops during the day.
Complete silence was enforced.
2. The Pennsylvania Prison System – the prisons system called the “Solitary System”
PART III
The Scope of the Correctional Process
PENOLOGY:
- The study of punishment for crime or of criminal offenders. It includes the study of control and prevention of
crime through punishment by criminal offenders.
- The term is derived from the Latin word “POENA” which means pain or suffering.
- Penology is otherwise known as Penal Science. It is actually a division of criminology that deals with prison
management and the treatment of offenders and concerned itself with the philosophy and practice of society in
its efforts to repress criminal activities.
Penal Management:

- Refers to the manner or practice of managing or controlling places of confinement as in jails or prisons.
CORRECTION:
- A branch of the CJS concerned with the custody, supervision and rehabilitation of the convicted offenders.
- Is that field of criminal justice administration which utilizes the body of knowledge and practices of the
government and the society in general involving the processes of handling individuals who have been
convicted of offense for purposes of crime prevention and control.
- Is the reorientation or reinstruction of the individual with a view of preventing a repetition of the deviation
without the necessity of taking punitive action.
Correctional Administration – The study and practice of a systematic management of Jails or Prison and other
Institution concerned with the custody, treatment, and rehabilitation of criminal offenders.
Punishment System a function of:
1. Social Setting
2. Political Structure (and individual’s relationship to the state)
3. Economic Structures
4. Society needs
5. Society’s resources
II Approaches to Present Correctional Set-up
1. Institutional – based approach
2. Community – based approach
1. Institutional - based Corrections
The role of prison or correctional system is to make society a safer place, prisons are based on the idea that
some people are so inherently evil that they must be cut off from, the rest of society and closely monitored.
Throughout most of the twentieth century, the dominant philosophies have been incapacitation, deterrence and
retribution (this combination being called the custodial model) except for a brief period from 1954 to 1974 when
rehabilitation (also called the medical model) was experimented with.
Bureau of Correction – is the state agency responsible for the supervision and management of convicted
felons. Community protection is accomplished by operating safe, secure facilities that hold offenders
accountable through humane, firm, fair and consistent practices. The Bureau provides a wide range of
treatment education and vocational programs to help offenders become productive citizens.
Sentencing – is a formal means by which society deals with offender guilty of a crime.
Incarceration Sentences:
1. Split Sentences and Shock Incarceration – A penalty that explicitly requires the convicted person to serve a
period of confinement in a local state, or federal facility followed by a period of probation (US).
2. Incarceration – The confinement of a convicted criminal in a federal or state prison or a local Jail to serve a
court-imposed sentence.
Non-incarceration Sentences:

1. Fines – An economic penalty that requires the offender to pay a specific sum of money within the limit set by
law.
2. Community service – The requirement that the offender provide a specific number of hours of public service
work, such as collecting trash in park or other facilities.
3. Restitution – The requirement that the offender provide financial remuneration for the losses incurred by the
victim.
4. Probation – The sentencing of an offender to community supervision by a probation agency, often the result
of suspending a sentence of confinement.
Four Philosophies of Corrections:
Why do we put people in prison? What are our goals of incarcerating people?
a. Retribution – The major driving force underlying all punishment is revenge. The word retribution derives from
a Latin word meaning “to pay back” In retaliation for wrong doing, societies seek to punish individuals who
violate the rules. The state is placed in the position of applying revenge on behalf of the victim” This is the Eye
for an Eye” philosophy.
Jeremy Bentham was the founder of this theory. This theory was based on a hedonistic conception of man and
that man as such would be deterred from crime, if punishment was applied swiftly, certainly, and severely, but
also in Bentham’s theory was the idea that punishment would also provide as opportunity.
b. Deterrence – Most of our police operates under a philosophy called deterrence theory. Deterrence theory
contends that if the public knows the consequences of deviance, many individuals will not commit crime.
Through
Punishment, correction serve to deter the offender from deviating again and it scares others who might be
tempted into crime. There are three aspects of deterrence theory in order for deterrence to be successful each
aspect should be true. The individual has to know what the law states. Without clear knowledge of the law, the
individual cannot know he/she is in the process of violating the law.
Critique of Deterrence Theory – The current system of criminal justice demonstrates none of these
characteristics. The law is too complex, the severity of punishment depends on the jurisdiction (city, state,
federal), and it depends on social class.
c. Incapacitation – This philosophy seeks to prevent the offender from committing further crimes. Some
criminals as seen as not being responsible for their actions. Societies also impose punishment in order to
incapacitate dangerous or unlawful individuals by restricting their liberty. Mental illness is sometimes seen as
an explanation for criminal behavior. Often mentally ill are not sent to prison, but are still” incapacitate in
hospital or similar institutions.
d. Rehabilitation - The theory rehabilitation is more usually associated with treatment of the offender. All
offenders are ill and need to be cured but majority of criminologist see punishment as a means of educating
the offender.
Rehabilitation involves teaching inmates’ silks and trades that will, hopefully, give them a chance to become
law-abiding citizens once they are released from prison. The correction system might serve to reform the
offender by providing skills and attitudes that make return to a law-abiding life possible. The ex-felons is likely
to return to crime with no other legitimate options at his or her disposals.
2. Community- based Corrections

1. It is a non-incarcerated sanction in which offenders serve all or portion of their sentence in the community.
2. Used for those programs that depends on correctional resources available in the community and requires
the offender to abide by certain conditions while at liberty in the community.
3. Provide meaningful ties between offenders and their local environment in a way that gets offenders involve
with a network of relationship that can provide most of the goods and services they used to live in the
community.
Concept of Community- based approach.
1. Includes all correctional activities that take place in the community.
2. Embraces any activity in the community directly addressed to the end aimed at helping him to become
a law-abiding citizen.
2 Basics Types of Supervision:
1. Front-end sanctions – Sentenced by judges that serve as alternative to incarceration.
2. Back-ends Programs – participants of whom are chosen by correction officials that assist prisoners in
community reentry after prison.
A n Alternative to incarceration – Allow offenders to remain in the community while participating in one or more
programs aimed at controlling future criminal behavior.
C ommunity Re-entry – Parole assist prisoners in community re-entry after prison.
PART IV
Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
Adopted by the First United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders,
held at Geneva in 1955, and approved by the Economic and Social Council by its resolution 663 C (XXIV) of
31 July 1957 and 2076 (LXII) of 13 May 1977
Preliminary Observations
1. The following rules are not intended to describe in detail a model system of penal institutions. They seek
only, on the basis of the general consensus of contemporary thought and the essential elements of the most
adequate systems of today, to set out what is generally accepted as being good principle and practice in the
treatment of prisoners and the management of institutions.
2. In view of the great variety of legal, social, economic and geographical conditions of the world, it is evident
that not all of the rules are capable of application in all places and at all times. They should, however, serve to
stimulate a constant endeavor to overcome practical difficulties in the way of their application, in the knowledge
that they represent, as a whole, the minimum conditions which are accepted as suitable by the United Nations.
3. On the other hand, the rules cover a field in which thought is constantly developing. They are not intended to
preclude experiment and practices, provided these are in harmony with the principles and seek to further the
purposes which derive from the text of the rules as a whole. It will always be justifiable for the central prison
administration to authorize departures from the rules in this spirit.

4. (1) Part I of the rules covers the general management of institutions, and is applicable to all categories of
prisoners, criminal or civil, untried or convicted, including prisoners subject to "security measures" or corrective
measures ordered by the judge.
(2) Part II contains rules applicable only to the special categories dealt with in each section. Nevertheless, the
rules under section A, applicable to prisoners under sentence, shall be equally applicable to categories of
prisoners dealt with in sections B, C and D, provided they do not conflict with the rules governing those
categories and are for their benefit.
5. (1) The rules do not seek to regulate the management of institutions set aside for young person’s such as
Borstal institutions or correctional schools, but in general part I would be equally applicable in such institutions.
(2) The category of young prisoners should include at least all young persons who come within the jurisdiction
of juvenile courts. As a rule, such young persons should not be sentenced to imprisonment.
PART I
RULES OF GENERAL APPLICATION
Basic principle
6. (1) The following rules shall be applied impartially. There shall be no discrimination on grounds of race,
colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status.
(2) On the other hand, it is necessary to respect the religious beliefs and moral precepts of the group to which
a prisoner belongs.
Register
7. (1) In every place where persons are imprisoned there shall be kept a bound registration book with
numbered pages in which shall be entered in respect of each prisoner received:
(a) Information concerning his identity;
(b) The reasons for his commitment and the authority therefor;
(c) The day and hour of his admission and release.
(2) No person shall be received in an institution without a valid commitment order of which the details shall
have been previously entered in the register. Separation of categories
8. The different categories of prisoners shall be kept in separate institutions or parts of institutions taking
account of their sex, age, criminal record, the legal reason for their detention and the necessities of their
treatment. Thus,
(a) Men and women shall so far as possible be detained in separate institutions; in an institution which receives
both men and women the whole of the premises allocated to women shall be entirely separate;
(b) Untried prisoners shall be kept separate from convicted prisoners;

(c) Persons imprisoned for debt and other civil prisoners shall be kept separate from persons imprisoned by
reason of a criminal offence;
(d) Young prisoners shall be kept separate from adults. Accommodation
9. (1) Where sleeping accommodation is in individual cells or rooms, each prisoner shall occupy by night a cell
or room by himself. If for special reasons, such as temporary overcrowding, it becomes necessary for the
central prison administration to make an exception to this rule, it is not desirable to have two prisoners in a cell
or room.
(2) Where dormitories are used, they shall be occupied by prisoners carefully selected as being suitable to
associate with one another in those conditions. There shall be regular supervision by night, in keeping with the
nature of the institution.
10. All accommodation provided for the use of prisoners and in particular all sleeping accommodation shall
meet all requirements of health, due regard being paid to climatic conditions and particularly to cubic content of
air, minimum floor space, lighting, heating and ventilation.
11. In all places where prisoners are required to live or work,
(a) The windows shall be large enough to enable the prisoners to read or work by natural light, and shall be so
constructed that they can allow the entrance of fresh air whether or not there is artificial ventilation;
(b) Artificial light shall be provided sufficient for the prisoners to read or work without injury to eyesight.
12. The sanitary installations shall be adequate to enable every prisoner to comply with the needs of nature
when necessary and in a clean and decent manner.
13. Adequate bathing and shower installations shall be provided so that every prisoner may be enabled and
required to have a bath or shower, at a temperature suitable to the climate, as frequently as necessary for
general hygiene according to season and geographical region, but at least once a week in a temperate climate.
14. All pans of an institution regularly used by prisoners shall be properly maintained and kept scrupulously
clean at all times.
Personal hygiene
15. Prisoners shall be required to keep their persons clean, and to this end they shall be provided with water
and with such toilet articles as are necessary for health and cleanliness.
16. In order that prisoners may maintain a good appearance compatible with their self-respect, facilities shall
be provided for the proper care of the hair and beard, and men shall be enabled to shave regularly.
Clothing and bedding
17. (I) Every prisoner who is not allowed to wear his own clothing shall be provided with an outfit of clothing
suitable for the climate and adequate to keep him in good health. Such clothing shall in no manner be
degrading or humiliating.
(2) All clothing shall be clean and kept in proper condition. Underclothing shall be changed and washed as
often as necessary for the maintenance of hygiene.

(3) In exceptional circumstances, whenever a prisoner is removed outside the institution for an authorized
purpose, he shall be allowed to wear his own clothing or other inconspicuous clothing.
18. If prisoners are allowed to wear their own clothing, arrangements shall be made on their admission to the
institution to ensure that it shall be clean and fit for use.
19. Every prisoner shall, in accordance with local or national standards, be provided with a separate bed, and
with separate and sufficient bedding which shall be clean when issued, kept in good order and changed often
enough to ensure its cleanliness.
Food
20. (1) Every prisoner shall be provided by the administration at the usual hours with food of nutritional value
adequate for health and strength, of wholesome quality and well prepared and served.
(2) Drinking water shall be available to every prisoner whenever he needs it.
Exercise and sport
21. (1) Every prisoner who is not employed in outdoor work shall have at least one hour of suitable exercise in
the open air daily if the weather permits.
(2) Young prisoners, and others of suitable age and physique, shall receive physical and recreational training
during the period of exercise. To this end space, installations and equipment should be provided.
Medical services
22. (1) At every institution there shall be available the services of at least one qualified medical officer who
should have some knowledge of psychiatry. The medical services should be organized in close relationship to
the general health administration of the community or nation. They shall include a psychiatric service for the
diagnosis and, in proper cases, the treatment of states of mental abnormality.
(2) Sick prisoners who require specialist treatment shall be transferred to specialized institutions or to civil
hospitals. Where hospital facilities are provided in an institution, their equipment, furnishings and
pharmaceutical supplies shall be proper for the medical care and treatment of sick prisoners, and there shall
be a staff of suitable trained officers.
(3) The services of a qualified dental officer shall be available to every prisoner.
23. (1) In women's institutions there shall be special accommodation for all necessary pre-natal and post-natal
care and treatment. Arrangements shall be made wherever practicable for children to be torn in a hospital
outside the institution. If a child is born in prison, this fact shall not be mentioned in the birth certificate.
(2) Where nursing infants are allowed to remain in the institution with their mothers, provision shall be made for
a nursery staffed by qualified persons, where the infants shall be placed when they are not in the care of their
mothers.
24. The medical officer shall see and examine every prisoner as soon as possible after his admission and
thereafter as necessary, with a view particularly to the discovery of physical or mental illness and the taking of
all necessary measures; the segregation of prisoners suspected of infectious or contagious conditions; the
noting of physical or mental defects which might hamper rehabilitation, and the determination of the physical

capacity of every prisoner for work.
25. (1) The medical officer shall have the care of the physical and mental health of the prisoners and should
daily see all sick prisoners, all who complain of illness, and any prisoner to whom his attention is specially
directed.
(2) The medical officer shall report to the director whenever he considers that a prisoner's physical or mental
health has been or will be injuriously affected by continued imprisonment or by any condition of imprisonment.
26. (I) The medical officer shall regularly inspect and advise the director upon:
(a) The quantity, quality, preparation and service of food;
(b) The hygiene and cleanliness of the institution and the prisoners;
(c) The sanitation, heating, lighting and ventilation of the institution;
(d) The suitability and cleanliness of the prisoners' clothing and bedding;
(e) The observance of the rules concerning physical education and sports, in cases where there is no technical
personnel in charge of these activities.
(2) The director shall take into consideration the reports and advice that the medical officer submits according
to rules 25 (2) and 26 and, in case he concurs with the recommendations made, shall take immediate steps to
give effect to those recommendations; if they are not within his competence or if he does not concur with them,
he shall immediately submit his own report and the advice of the medical officer to higher authority.
Discipline and punishment
27. Discipline and order shall be maintained with firmness, but with no more restriction than is necessary for
safe custody and well-ordered community life.
28. (1) No prisoner shall be employed, in the service of the institution, in any disciplinary capacity.
(2) This rule shall not, however, impede the proper functioning of systems based on self-government, under
which specified social, educational or sports activities or responsibilities are entrusted, under supervision, to
prisoners who are formed into groups for the purposes of treatment.
29. The following shall always be determined by the law or by the regulation of the competent administrative
authority:
(a) Conduct constituting a disciplinary offence;
(b) The types and duration of punishment which may be inflicted;
(c) The authority competent to impose such punishment.
30. (1) No prisoner shall be punished except in accordance with the terms of such law or regulation, and never
twice for the same offence.

(2) No prisoner shall be punished unless he has been informed of the offence alleged against him and given a
proper opportunity of presenting his defense. The competent authority shall conduct a thorough examination of
the case.
(3) Where necessary and practicable the prisoner shall be allowed to make his defense through an interpreter.
31. Corporal punishment, punishment by placing in a dark cell, and all cruel, inhuman or degrading
punishments shall be completely prohibited as punishments for disciplinary offences.
32. (1) Punishment by close confinement or reduction of diet shall never be inflicted unless the medical officer
has examined the prisoner and certified in writing that he is fit to sustain it.
(2) The same shall apply to any other punishment that may be prejudicial to the physical or mental health of a
prisoner. In no case may such punishment be contrary to or depart from the principle stated in rule 31.
(3) The medical officer shall visit daily prisoners undergoing such punishments and shall advise the director if
he considers the termination or alteration of the punishment necessary on grounds of physical or mental
health.
Instruments of restraint
33. Instruments of restraint, such as handcuffs, chains, irons and strait-jacket, shall never be applied as a
punishment. Furthermore, chains or irons shall not be used as restraints. Other instruments of restraint shall
not be used except in the following circumstances:
(a) As a precaution against escape during a transfer, provided that they shall be removed when the prisoner
appears before a judicial or administrative authority;
(b) On medical grounds by direction of the medical officer; (c) By order of the director, if other methods of
control fail, in order to prevent a prisoner from injuring himself or others or from damaging property; in such
instances the director shall at once consult the medical officer and report to the higher administrative authority.
34. The patterns and manner of use of instruments of restraint shall be decided by the central prison
administration. Such instruments must not be applied for any longer time than is strictly necessary.
Information to and complaints by prisoners
35. (1) Every prisoner on admission shall be provided with written information about the regulations governing
the treatment of prisoners of his category, the disciplinary requirements of the institution, the authorized
methods of seeking information and making complaints, and all such other matters as are necessary to enable
him to understand both his rights and his obligations and to adapt himself to the life of the institution.
(2) If a prisoner is illiterate, the aforesaid information shall be conveyed to him orally.
36. (1) Every prisoner shall have the opportunity each week day of making requests or complaints to the
director of the institution or the officer authorized to represent him.
(2) It shall be possible to make requests or complaints to the inspector of prisons during his inspection. The
prisoner shall have the opportunity to talk to the inspector or to any other inspecting officer without the director
or other members of the staff being present.

(3) Every prisoner shall be allowed to make a request or complaint, without censorship as to substance but in
proper form, to the central prison administration, the judicial authority or other proper authorities through
approved channels.
(4) Unless it is evidently frivolous or groundless, every request or complaint shall be promptly dealt with and
replied to without undue delay.
Contact with the outside world
37. Prisoners shall be allowed under necessary supervision to communicate with their family and reputable
friends at regular intervals, both by correspondence and by receiving visits.
38. (1) Prisoners who are foreign nationals shall be allowed reasonable facilities to communicate with the
diplomatic and consular representatives of the State to which they belong. (2) Prisoners who are nationals of
States without diplomatic or consular representation in the country and refugees or stateless persons shall be
allowed similar facilities to communicate with the diplomatic representative of the State which takes charge of
their interests or any national or international authority whose task it is to protect such persons.
39. Prisoners shall be kept informed regularly of the more important items of news by the reading of
newspapers, periodicals or special institutional publications, by hearing wireless transmissions, by lectures or
by any similar means as authorized or controlled by the administration.
Books
40. Every institution shall have a library for the use of all categories of prisoners, adequately stocked with both
recreational and instructional books, and prisoners shall be encouraged to make full use of it.
Religion
41. (1) If the institution contains a sufficient number of prisoners of the same religion, a qualified representative
of that religion shall be appointed or approved. If the number of prisoners justifies it and conditions permit, the
arrangement should be on a full-time basis.
(2) A qualified representative appointed or approved under paragraph (1) shall be allowed to hold regular
services and to pay pastoral visits in private to prisoners of his religion at proper times.
(3) Access to a qualified representative of any religion shall not be refused to any prisoner. On the other hand,
if any prisoner should object to a visit of any religious representative, his attitude shall be fully respected.
42. So far as practicable, every prisoner shall be allowed to satisfy the needs of his religious life by attending
the services provided in the institution and having in his possession the books of religious observance and
instruction of his denomination.
Retention of prisoners' property

43. (1) All money, valuables, clothing and other effects belonging to a prisoner which under the regulations of
the institution he is not allowed to retain shall on his admission to the institution be placed in safe custody. An
inventory thereof shall be signed by the prisoner. Steps shall be taken to keep them in good condition.
(2) On the release of the prisoner all such articles and money shall be returned to him except in so far as he
has been authorized to spend money or send any such property out of the institution, or it has been found
necessary on hygienic grounds to destroy any article of clothing. The prisoner shall sign a receipt for the
articles and money returned to him.
(3) Any money or effects received for a prisoner from outside shall be treated in the same way.
(4) If a prisoner brings in any drugs or medicine, the medical officer shall decide what use shall be made of
them.
Notification of death, illness, transfer, etc.
44. (1) Upon the death or serious illness of, or serious injury to a prisoner, or his removal to an institution for
the treatment of mental affections, the director shall at once inform the spouse, if the prisoner is married, or the
nearest relative and shall in any event inform any other person previously designated by the prisoner.
(2) A prisoner shall be informed at once of the death or serious illness of any near relative. In case of the
critical illness of a near relative, the prisoner should be authorized, whenever circumstances allow, to go to his
bedside either under escort or alone.
(3) Every prisoner shall have the right to inform at once his family of his imprisonment or his transfer to another
institution.
Removal of prisoners
45. (1) When the prisoners are being removed to or from an institution, they shall be exposed to public view as
little as possible, and proper safeguards shall be adopted to protect them from insult, curiosity and publicity in
any form.
(2) The transport of prisoners in conveyances with inadequate ventilation or light, or in any way which would
subject them to unnecessary physical hardship, shall be prohibited.
(3) The transport of prisoners shall be carried out at the expense of the administration and equal conditions
shall obtain for all of them.
Institutional personnel
46. (1) The prison administration, shall provide for the careful selection of every grade of the personnel, since it
is on their integrity, humanity, professional capacity and personal suitability for the work that the proper
administration of the institutions depends.

(2) The prison administration shall constantly seek to awaken and maintain in the minds both of the personnel
and of the public the conviction that this work is a social service of great importance, and to this end all
appropriate means of informing the public should be used.
(3) To secure the foregoing ends, personnel shall be appointed on a full-time basis as professional prison
officers and have civil service status with security of tenure subject only to good conduct, efficiency and
physical fitness. Salaries shall be adequate to attract and retain suitable men and women; employment
benefits and conditions of service shall be favorable in view of the exacting nature of the work.
47. (1) The personnel shall possess an adequate standard of education and intelligence.
(2) Before entering on duty, the personnel shall be given a course of training in their general and specific duties
and be required to pass theoretical and practical tests.
(3) After entering on duty and during their career, the personnel shall maintain and improve their knowledge
and professional capacity by attending courses of in-service training to be organized at suitable intervals.
48. All members of the personnel shall at all times so conduct themselves and perform their duties as to
influence the prisoners for good by their example and to command their respect.
49. (1) So far as possible, the personnel shall include a sufficient number of specialists such as psychiatrists,
psychologists, social workers, teachers and trade instructors.
(2) The services of social workers, teachers and trade instructors shall be secured on a permanent basis,
without thereby excluding part-time or voluntary workers.
50. (1) The director of an institution should be adequately qualified for his task by character, administrative
ability, suitable training and experience.
(2) He shall devote his entire time to his official duties and shall not be appointed on a part-time basis.
(3) He shall reside on the premises of the institution or in its immediate vicinity. (4) When two or more
institutions are under the authority of one director, he shall visit each of them at frequent intervals. A
responsible resident official shall be in charge of each of these institutions.
51. (1) The director, his deputy, and the majority of the other personnel of the institution shall be able to speak
the language of the greatest number of prisoners, or a language understood by the greatest number of them.
(2) Whenever necessary, the services of an interpreter shall be used.
52. (1) In institutions which are large enough to require the services of one or more full-time medical officers, at
least one of them shall reside on the premises of the institution or in its immediate vicinity.
(2) In other institutions the medical officer shall visit daily and shall reside near enough to be able to attend
without delay in cases of urgency.
53. (1) In an institution for both men and women, the part of the institution set aside for women shall be under
the authority of a responsible woman officer who shall have the custody of the keys of all that part of the
institution.

(2) No male member of the staff shall enter the part of the institution set aside for women unless accompanied
by a woman officer.
(3) Women prisoners shall be attended and supervised only by women officers. This does not, however,
preclude male members of the staff, particularly doctors and teachers, from carrying out their professional
duties in institutions or parts of institutions set aside for women.
54. (1) Officers of the institutions shall not, in their relations with the prisoners, use force except in self-defence
or in cases of attempted escape, or active or passive physical resistance to an order based on law or
regulations. Officers who have recourse to force must use no more than is strictly necessary and must report
the incident immediately to the director of the institution.
(2) Prison officers shall be given special physical training to enable them to restrain aggressive prisoners.
(3) Except in special circumstances, staff performing duties which bring them into direct contact with prisoners
should not be armed. Furthermore, staff should in no circumstances be provided with arms unless they have
been trained in their use.
Inspection
55. There shall be a regular inspection of penal institutions and services by qualified and experienced
inspectors appointed by a competent authority. Their task shall be in particular to ensure that these institutions
are administered in accordance with existing laws and regulations and with a view to bringing about the
objectives of penal and correctional services.
PART II
RULES APPLICABLE TO SPECIAL CATEGORIES
A. PRISONERS UNDER SENTENCE
Guiding principles
56. The guiding principles hereafter are intended to show the spirit in which penal institutions should be
administered and the purposes at which they should aim, in accordance with the declaration made under
Preliminary Observation I of the present text.
57. Imprisonment and other measures which result in cutting off an offender from the outside world are
afflictive by the very fact of taking from the person the right of self-determination by depriving him of his liberty.
Therefore, the prison system shall not, except as incidental to justifiable segregation or the maintenance of
discipline, aggravate the suffering inherent in such a situation.
58. The purpose and justification of a sentence of imprisonment or a similar measure deprivative of liberty is
ultimately to protect society against crime. This end can only be achieved if the period of imprisonment is used
to ensure, so far as possible, that upon his return to society the offender is not only willing but able to lead a
law-abiding and self-supporting life.
59. To this end, the institution should utilize all the remedial, educational, moral, spiritual and other forces and
forms of assistance which are appropriate and available, and should seek to apply them according to the
individual treatment needs of the prisoners.
60. (1) The regime of the institution should seek to minimize any differences between prison life and life at
liberty which tend to lessen the responsibility of the prisoners or the respect due to their dignity as human
beings.

(2) Before the completion of the sentence, it is desirable that the necessary steps be taken to ensure for the
prisoner a gradual return to life in society. This aim may be achieved, depending on the case, by a pre-release
regime organized in the same institution or in another appropriate institution, or by release on trial under some
kind of supervision which must not be entrusted to the police but should be combined with effective social aid.
61. The treatment of prisoners should emphasize not their exclusion from the community, but their continuing
part in it. Community agencies should, therefore, be enlisted wherever possible to assist the staff of the
institution in the task of social rehabilitation of the prisoners. There should be in connection with every
institution social worker charged with the duty of maintaining and improving all desirable relations of a prisoner
with his family and with valuable social agencies. Steps should be taken to safeguard, to the maximum extent
compatible with the law and the sentence, the rights relating to civil interests, social security rights and other
social benefits of prisoners.
62. The medical services of the institution shall seek to detect and shall treat any physical or mental illnesses
or defects which may hamper a prisoner's rehabilitation. All necessary medical, surgical and psychiatric
services shall be provided to that end.
63. (1) The fulfilment of these principles requires individualization of treatment and for this purpose a flexible
system of classifying prisoners in groups; it is therefore desirable that such groups should be distributed in
separate institutions suitable for the treatment of each group.
(2) These institutions need not provide the same degree of security for every group. It is desirable to provide
varying degrees of security according to the needs of different groups. Open institutions, by the very fact that
they provide no physical security against escape but rely on the self-discipline of the inmates, provide the
conditions most favorable to rehabilitation for carefully selected prisoners.
(3) It is desirable that the number of prisoners in closed institutions should not be so large that the
individualization of treatment is hindered. In some countries it is considered that the population of such
institutions should not exceed five hundred. In open institutions the population should be as small as possible.
(4) On the other hand, it is undesirable to maintain prisons which are so small that proper facilities cannot be
provided.
64. The duty of society does not end with a prisoner's release. There should, therefore, be governmental or
private agencies capable of lending the released prisoner efficient after-care directed towards the lessening of
prejudice against him and towards his social rehabilitation.
Treatment
65. The treatment of persons sentenced to imprisonment or a similar measure shall have as its purpose, so far
as the length of the sentence permits, to establish in them the will to lead law-abiding and self-supporting lives
after their release and to fit them to do so. The treatment shall be such as will encourage their self-respect and
develop their sense of responsibility.
66. (1) To these ends, all appropriate means shall be used, including religious care in the countries where this
is possible, education, vocational guidance and training, social casework, employment counselling, physical
development and strengthening of moral character, in accordance with the individual needs of each prisoner,
taking account of his social and criminal history, his physical and mental capacities and aptitudes, his personal
temperament, the length of his sentence and his prospects after release.
(2) For every prisoner with a sentence of suitable length, the director shall receive, as soon as possible after
his admission, full reports on all the matters referred to in the foregoing paragraph. Such reports shall always

include a report by a medical officer, wherever possible qualified in psychiatry, on the physical and mental
condition of the prisoner.
(3) The reports and other relevant documents shall be placed in an individual file. This file shall be kept up to
date and classified in such a way that it can be consulted by the responsible personnel whenever the need
arises.
Classification and individualization
67. The purposes of classification shall be:
(a) To separate from others those prisoners who, by reason of their criminal records or bad characters, are
likely to exercise a bad influence;
(b) To divide the prisoners into classes in order to facilitate their treatment with a view to their social
rehabilitation.
68. So far as possible separate institutions or separate sections of an institution shall be used for the treatment
of the different classes of prisoners.
69. As soon as possible after admission and after a study of the personality of each prisoner with a sentence of
suitable length, a programme of treatment shall be prepared for him in the light of the knowledge obtained
about his individual needs, his capacities and dispositions.
Privileges
70. Systems of privileges appropriate for the different classes of prisoners and the different methods of
treatment shall be established at every institution, in order to encourage good conduct, develop a sense of
responsibility and secure the interest and co-operation of the prisoners in their treatment.
Work
71. (1) Prison labour must not be of an afflictive nature.
(2) All prisoners under sentence shall be required to work, subject to their physical and mental fitness as
determined by the medical officer.
(3) Sufficient work of a useful nature shall be provided to keep prisoners actively employed for a normal
working day.
(4) So far as possible the work provided shall be such as will maintain or increase the prisoners, ability to earn
an honest living after release.
(5) Vocational training in useful trades shall be provided for prisoners able to profit thereby and especially for
young prisoners.
(6) Within the limits compatible with proper vocational selection and with the requirements of institutional
administration and discipline, the prisoners shall be able to choose the type of work they wish to perform.
72. (1) The organization and methods of work in the institutions shall resemble as closely as possible those of

similar work outside institutions, so as to prepare prisoners for the conditions of normal occupational life.
(2) The interests of the prisoners and of their vocational training, however, must not be subordinated to the
purpose of making a financial profit from an industry in the institution.
73. (1) Preferably institutional industries and farms should be operated directly by the administration and not by
private contractors.
(2) Where prisoners are employed in work not controlled by the administration, they shall always be under the
supervision of the institution's personnel. Unless the work is for other departments of the government the full
normal wages for such work shall be paid to the administration by the persons to whom the labour is supplied,
account being taken of the output of the prisoners.
74. (1) The precautions laid down to protect the safety and health of free workmen shall be equally observed in
institutions.
(2) Provision shall be made to indemnify prisoners against industrial injury, including occupational disease, on
terms not less favorable than those extended by law to free workmen.
75. (1) The maximum daily and weekly working hours of the prisoners shall be fixed by law or by administrative
regulation, taking into account local rules or custom in regard to the employment of free workmen.
(2) The hours so fixed shall leave one rest day a week and sufficient time for education and other activities
required as part of the treatment and rehabilitation of the prisoners.
76. (1) There shall be a system of equitable remuneration of the work of prisoners.
(2) Under the system prisoners shall be allowed to spend at least a part of their earnings on approved articles
for their own use and to send a part of their earnings to their family.
(3) The system should also provide that a part of the earnings should be set aside by the administration so as
to constitute a savings fund to be handed over to the prisoner on his release.
Education and recreation
77. (1) Provision shall be made for the further education of all prisoners capable of profiting thereby, including
religious instruction in the countries where this is possible. The education of illiterates and young prisoners
shall be compulsory and special attention shall be paid to it by the administration.
(2) So far as practicable, the education of prisoners shall be integrated with the educational system of the
country so that after their release they may continue their education without difficulty. 78. Recreational and
cultural activities shall be provided in all institutions for the benefit of the mental and physical health of
prisoners.
Social relations and after-care
79. Special attention shall be paid to the maintenance and improvement of such relations between a prisoner
and his family as are desirable in the best interests of both.

80. From the beginning of a prisoner's sentence consideration shall be given to his future after release and he
shall be encouraged and assisted to maintain or establish such relations with persons or agencies outside the
institution as may promote the best interests of his family and his own social rehabilitation.
81. (1) Services and agencies, governmental or otherwise, which assist released prisoners to re-establish
themselves in society shall ensure, so far as is possible and necessary, that released prisoners be provided
with appropriate documents and identification papers, have suitable homes and work to go to, are suitably and
adequately clothed having regard to the climate and season, and have sufficient means to reach their
destination and maintain themselves in the period immediately following their release.
(2) The approved representatives of such agencies shall have all necessary access to the institution and to
prisoners and shall be taken into consultation as to the future of a prisoner from the beginning of his sentence.
(3) It is desirable that the activities of such agencies shall be centralized or coordinated as far as possible in
order to secure the best use of their efforts.
B. INSANE AND MENTALLY ABNORMAL PRISONERS
82. (1) Persons who are found to be insane shall not be detained in prisons and arrangements shall be made
to remove them to mental institutions as soon as possible.
(2) Prisoners who suffer from other mental diseases or abnormalities shall be observed and treated in
specialized institutions under medical management.
(3) During their stay in a prison, such prisoners shall be placed under the special supervision of a medical
officer.
(4) The medical or psychiatric service of the penal institutions shall provide for the psychiatric treatment of all
other prisoners who are in need of such treatment.
83. It is desirable that steps should be taken, by arrangement with the appropriate agencies, to ensure, if
necessary, the continuation of psychiatric treatment after release and the provision of social-psychiatric after-
care.
C. PRISONERS UNDER ARREST OR AWAITING TRIAL
84. (1) Persons arrested or imprisoned by reason of a criminal charge against them, who are detained either in
police custody or in prison custody (jail) but have not yet been tried and sentenced, will be referred to as
"untried prisoners,' hereinafter in these rules.
(2) Unconvicted prisoners are presumed to be innocent and shall be treated as such.
(3) Without prejudice to legal rules for the protection of individual liberty or prescribing the procedure to be
observed in respect of untried prisoners, these prisoners shall benefit by a special regime which is described in
the following rules in its essential requirements only.
85. (1) Untried prisoners shall be kept separate from convicted prisoners.
(2) Young untried prisoners shall be kept separate from adults and shall in principle be detained in separate
institutions.

86. Untried prisoners shall sleep singly in separate rooms, with the reservation of different local custom in
respect of the climate.
87. Within the limit’s compatible with the good order of the institution, untried prisoners may, if they so desire,
have their food procured at their own expense from the outside, either through the administration or through
their family or friends. Otherwise, the administration shall provide their food.
88. (I) An untried prisoner shall be allowed to wear his own clothing if it is clean and suitable.
(2) If he wears prison dress, it shall be different from that supplied to convicted prisoners.
89. An untried prisoner shall always be offered opportunity to work, but shall not be required to work. If he
chooses to work, he shall be paid for it.
90. An untried prisoner shall be allowed to procure at his own expense or at the expense of a third party such
books, newspapers, writing materials and other means of occupation as are compatible with the interests of
the administration of justice and the security and good order of the institution.
91. An untried prisoner shall be allowed to be visited and treated by his own doctor or dentist if there is
reasonable ground for his application and he is able to pay any expenses incurred.
92. An untried prisoner shall be allowed to inform immediately his family of his detention and shall be given all
reasonable facilities for communicating with his family and friends, and for receiving visits from them, subject
only to restrictions and supervision as are necessary in the interests of the administration of justice and of the
security and good order of the institution.
93. For the purposes of his defense, an untried prisoner shall be allowed to apply for free legal aid where such
aid is available, and to receive visits from his legal adviser with a view to his defense and to prepare and hand
to him confidential instructions. For these purposes, he shall if he so desires be supplied with writing material.
Interviews between the prisoner and his legal adviser may be within sight but not within the hearing of a police
or institution official.
D. CIVIL PRISONERS
94. In countries where the law perms its imprisonment for debt, or by order of a court under any other non-
criminal process, persons so imprisoned shall not be subjected to any greater restriction or severity than is
necessary to ensure safe custody and good order. Their treatment shall be not less favourable than that of
untried prisoners, with the reservation, however, that they may possibly be required to work.
E. PERSONS ARRESTED OR DETAINED WITHOUT CHARGE
95. Without prejudice to the provisions of article 9 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,
persons arrested or imprisoned without charge shall be accorded the same protection as that accorded under
part I and part II, section C. Relevant provisions of part II, section A, shall likewise be applicable where their
application may be conducive to the benefit of this special group of persons in custody, provided that no
measures shall be taken implying that re-education or rehabilitation is in any way appropriate to persons not
convi

MODULE II
The Administrative Organization and Management of Institutional-Based Corrections
1. Discuss the history of early Philippine Prisons
2. Understand the Classification Process; and
3. Conceptualized the Correctional Treatment Program
Part 1
HISTORY OF EARLY PHILIPPINE PRISONS
The basic law on the Philippine Prison System is found in the Revised Administrative Code, otherwise known
as the Prison law. The law specially referred to as in Section 1705 to 1751 of the said code. The Bureau of
Prison has general supervision and control of national and provincial prison and all penal establishments, and
is charged with the safekeeping of all prisons confined therein or committed to the custody of the said Bureau.
It was in the year 1847 that the first Bilibid Prison was conducted and became the Central place of confinement
for Filipino prisoners, by virtue of the Royal Decree of the Spanish Crown. The plan of the old Bilibid Prison
was such that the brigades were constructed in a radical spokes of-a-wheel form. For easy command and
control, a central tower was placed at the center of the spokes. This was made of strong adobe stones so
sturdy that even to this day after its transfer to the City Government of Manila; it still stands and has been used
by the city of Manila as the City Jail. The place is still famous for its name as the “May Haligue State, at the
nearby Central Market Manila.
In 1936, the City of Manila exchanged its Muntilupa property of 552 hectares with that of the Bureau of prisons
lot in Manila. This Muntilupa state was originally intended as a site for Boys Training School, because it is too
far from Manila, the city of manila preferred the site of the old Bilibid.
Today, the new Bilibid prison operates two satellites units, namely, Bukang Liwayway Camp and sampaguita
Camp. These two camps are located a few hundred meters back of the New Bilibid Prison compound. Bukang
Liwayway houses minimum security prisoners who work in the various projects of the institution. In Camp
sampaguita are located in the Reception and Diagnostics Center, the Medium Security Unit and the Youth
Rehabilitation Center.
The new Bilibid Prison specializes on the industrial type of vacation training. It operates a furniture
shop; shoe repairing, blacksmith and tinsmith shop, auto-mechanics and automobile body building shop,
tailoring, electronics, watch repairing, and carpentry and rattan furniture shop. It is also engaged in truck
gardening, poultry, piggery and animal industry. The desire to complete their high school education.
Philippine Correctional Agencies:
The correctional system in the Philippines is composed of 6 agencies under 3 distinct and separate executive
departments of the national government, namely:
1. The Department of Justice, under this are:
a. Bureau of Corrections
b. Parole and Probation
c. Board of Pardons and Parole
2. The Department of Interior and Local Government, under this are:
a. Municipal, District and City Jails – Which runs the city, municipal and district jails which is operated by
BJMP.
b. Provincial Jails – Administered and supervised through their respective provincial governments.
3. The Department of Social Welfare and Development under this is:
a. Bureau of Child and Youth Welfare
Bureau of Corrections BJMP

- Bureau of Prisons before, pursuant to EO Created by pursuant to Sec. 20, RA
No. 292 passed during Aquino administration No. 6975/RA 9263
it was renamed to Bureau of Corrections.
- Under DOJ - Under DILG

- For securing sentence of having a sentence - For detention of having a short
of 3 years 1 day to life imprisonment. sentence of 3 years and below.
- Head – Director of Bureau of Corrections; - Head – Chief of the BJMP;
appointed by the President with the appointed by the President upon the
confirmation of the Commission on recommendation of the Secretary of
Appointments. DILG
-Coverage: - Coverage:
* New Bilibid Prisons (Main Bldg.) * cities, municipal and district
jails
- Maximum
Throughout the country.
* Camp Sampaguita
- Medium
* Camp Bukang Liwayway
- Minimum
* Reception and Diagnostic Center
(RDC)
* Correctional Institution for
Women (Mandaluyong)
* The Penal Colonies
- Head – Superintendent; for penal - Head – Warden for municipal and
city jails
Colonies
Note: Offenders convicted by the courts to serve sentences of Three or more are kept at the prison facilities of
the Bureau of Corrections, they are classified as National Prisoner; Those meted lighter sentences as well as
those with pending cases before the lower courts are confined in the Provincial Jails under Provincial
Government; While those awaiting trial in the Municipal trial Courts or serving light penalties. E.g. Infraction of
City or Municipal Ordinances; are detained in the city, municipal or district jails under the BJMP. Juvenile
delinquents are normally sent to youth rehabilitation centers under the Bureau of Child and Youth Welfare,
unless the sentencing judge specifically orders that they be confined at the national penitentiary, such as in
cases where the convict acted willfully or the offense committed is grave
REHABILITATION PROGRAM:
Despite the mandate to carry out the death penalty, the bureau believes those prisoners are entitled to the
same basic needs as those in the free society. It also believes in the inmates to potential to change and
become responsible and productive citizens. Thus, various rehabilitation program are available the desire
transformation.
Training Programs:
Both formal and informal education programs are available to national prisoner. Primary and Secondary
education are extended in coordination with the department of education and Culture. A college degree
program in Commerce is also offered to qualified inmates. Since it started in 1985 more than two hundred
inmates have earned their college degrees in prison. Training program also offer vocational and skills
Development course like practical electricity, electronics, automotive and mechanic, handicraft and other art
work.
Religion:
Recognizing the important role of religion in the rehabilitation of prisoner and preservation of prisoner order
and security, inmates are given freedom of worship and are allowed to participate in religion observance seven
days a week.
Provision of Basic Needs:
Inmates are issued two color coded round neck T-shirt and one prison uniform each year. Only the latter is
considered accountability and must be surrendered by the prisoners upon release.
Medical and Dental services are also available, each prison facility has a hospital or infirmary and has at least
one medical doctor and a nurse. 1 peso per day for medicines.
ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY ROXAS CAMPUS 4

Living Space:
The average living space for each inmate is 1.82 square meters, in dormitories inmates are grouped according
to their gang affiliation or region. Unmarked inmates, foreigners, youth offenders are remand prisoners are
housed separately.
PRISON DEFINED:
1. A penitentiary, an institution for the imprisonment (incarceration) of persons convicted of major / serious
crimes.
2. A building with cells, or other places established for the purpose of taking safe custody or confinement of
criminals.
3. A place of confinement for those charged with or convicted of offenses against the laws of the land.
WHO IS A PRISONER?
1. A prisoner is a person is the custody of lawful authority.
A person, who by reason of his criminal sentence or by a decision issued by a court, may be deprived of his
liberty or freedom.
2. A prisoner is any person detained/confined in jail or prison for the commission of a criminal offense or
convicted and serving in a penal institution.
A person committed to jail or prison by a competent authority for any of the following reasons:
a. To serve a sentence after conviction.
b. Trial
c. Investigation
General Classification of Prisoners:
1. Detention Prisoners – those detained for investigation, preliminary hearing or awaiting trial. A detainee in a
lock up jail. They are prisoners under the jurisdiction of Courts.
2. Sentenced Prisoners – offenders who are committed to the jail or prison in order to serve their sentence
after final conviction by a competent court. They are prisoners under the jurisdictions of penal institutions.
3. Prisoners who are on Safekeeping – includes non-criminal offenders who are detained in order to protect the
community against their harmful behavior. Ex. Mentally deranged individuals, insane person.
Classification of Sentenced Prisoners:
1. Insular or National Prisoners
2. Those sentenced to suffer a term of sentence of 3 years and 1 day to life imprisonment.
Those sentenced to suffer a term of imprisonment cited above but appealed the judgment and unable to file a
bond for their temporary liberty.

Provincial Prisoners
1. Those persons sentenced to suffer a term of imprisonment from 6 months and 1 day to 3 years or a fine of
not more than 1,000 pesos or both: or
2. Those detained therein awaiting for preliminary investigation of their cases cognizable by the RTC.
City Prisoners
1. Those sentenced to suffer a term of imprisonment from 1 day to 3 years or a fine of not more than 1,000
pesos or both.
2. Those detained therein whose cases are filed with the MTC.
3. Those detained therein whose cases are cognizable by the RTC and under Preliminary Investigation.
Municipal Prisoners
1. Those confined in Municipal jails to serve an imprisonment from 1 day to 6 months.
2. Those detained therein whose trials of their cases are pending with the MTC.
Classification of Prisoners According to Degree of Security:
A. Super Maximum-Security Prisoners
1. A special group of prisoners composed of incorrigible, intractable and highly dangerous persons who are the
source of constant, disturbances even in maximum security prison.
2. They wear orange color of uniform.
B. Maximum Security Prisoners
1. The group of prisoners whose escape could be dangerous to the public or to the security of the state.
2. It consist of constant troublemakers but not as dangerous as the super maximum-security prisoners. Their
movements are restricted and they are not allowed to work outside the institution but rather assigned to
industrial shop with in the prison compound.
3. They are confined at the Maximum-Security Prison (NBP Main Bldg.), they wear orange color of uniform.
4. Prisoners includes those sentenced to serve sentence 20 years or more, or those who’s sentenced are
under the review of the Supreme
5. Court and offenders who are criminally insane having severe personality or emotional disorders those make
them dangerous to fellow offenders or staff members.
C. Medium Security Prisoners
1. Those who cannot be trusted in open conditions and pose lesser danger than maximum-security prisoners
in case they escape.
2. It consists of groups of prisoners who maybe allowed to work outside the fence or walls of the penal
institution under guards or with escorts.
3. They occupy the Medium Security Prison (Camp Sampaguita) and they wear blue color of uniforms.
Generally, they are employed as agricultural workers.

4. It includes prisoners whose minimum sentence is less than 20 years and life-sentenced prisoners who
served at least 10 years inside a maximum-security prison.
D. Minimum Security Prisoners
1. A group of prisoners who can be reasonably trusted to serve sentence under “open conditions”.
2. This group includes prisoners who can be trusted to report their work assignments without the presence of
guards.
3. They occupy the Minimum-Security Prison (Camp Bukang Liwayway) and wear brown color uniforms.
BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS
The correctional system has the general supervision and control of National Provincial Prison and all penal
settlement and are charged with the safekeeping of all prisoners confined therein or committed to the custody
of the bureau.
PENAL INSTITUTION IN THE PHILIPPINES:
There are several operating institutions under the functional direction of the bureau of prison:
A. The National Penitentiary/Insular Prison:
1. Old Prison is located at Oroqieta, Manila, and Constructed in 1847 by virtue of Royal Decree of the Spanish
Crown.
2. Pursuant to Sec.1708 of the Revised Administrative Code.
3. Constructed in a radical Spokes of a wheel form and made strong adobe stones: Formally opened by a
Royal Decree in 1865.
4. Used today as Manila City Jail.
5. Famous name of its name as “May Haligue Estate”.
*The National Penitentiary known as the
N Compounds. ew Bilibid Prisons found in Muntilupa City has three security
1. The Maximum-Security Camp – specializes in the industrial type of vocational training, offers H.S. courses
which accommodate prisoners who are:
a. Serving sentence of 20 years or more;
b. Under disciplinary punishment; and
c. Placed by the Reception and Diagnostic Center (RDC) Classification board.
2. The Medium Camp also known as Camp Sampaguita- Covers those prisoners whose conduct and character
require only ordinary surveillance and who do not fall under maximum security, also where Reception
Diagnostic Center and youth center located.
3. Minimum Security Camp or Camp Bukang Liwayway – includes those prisoners so classified by reason of
good conduct and character and their work assignment.
B. Correctional Institutional for Women (CIW)

1. Location: Mandaluyong
2. Created pursuant to Act 3579, Nov. 27, 1929
3. 1934, date of creation for the position for a female superintendent
4. With Separate Budget
5. Conduct vocational courses in dressmaking, beauty culture, handicrafts, cloth weaving and slipper making.
6. 11 hectares
7. Ramon Victoria, first Director of CIW
8. Elizabeth Fry-first woman to advocate the rights of the women inmates.
9. Smallest penal colony
C. Prison and Penal Farms:
PART II
The Classification Process
R eception and Diagnostic Center
In 1953, the Reception and Diagnostic center was established for diagnostic study of prisoners for more
scientific rehabilitation. This is the most forward step in the recognition of modern trends in correctional
administration and modern methods or treatment of offenders. This was effective by the issue of Administrative
Order No. 11 of the Secretary of Justice. From then on, the Reception and Diagnostic center operated as a
separate institution although still housed in the premises of the New Bilibid Prison.
THE CLASSIFICATIO PROCESS

a. CLASSIFICATION
1. Is a method by which diagnosis, treatment planning and execution of treatment program are coordinated in
the individual case.
2. It is a process of determining the needs and requirements of those for whom correction has been ordered
and for assigning them to programs according to their needs and existing resources.
FOUR SEPARATES BUT COORDINATED PROCEDURES OF CLASSIFICATION

1. DIAGNOSIS – the prisoners’ case history is taken and his personality studied. Through examination and
observations, the RDC’s staff determines the nature and extent of the person’s criminality and the extent to
which he may be rehabilitated.
2. TREATMENT PLANNING – this is the formulation of a tentative treatment program best suited to the needs
and interest of an individual prisoner, based on the findings of the RDC’s staff.
3. EXECUTION OF TREATMENT PROGRAM - this is in the application of the treatment program and policies
by the classification committee.
4. RE-CLASSIFICATION – the treatment program is kept current with the inmates changing needs and with
new analysis, based on any information not available at the time of the initial classification committee meeting
of the inmate’s case, which continues from the time of the first classification until the inmates is released.
RECEPTION AND DIAGNOSTIC CENTER (RDC)

This is a special unit of prison where new prisoners undergo diagnostic examination, study and observation for
determining the program of treatment and training best suited to their needs and the institution to which they
should be transferred.

1. RDC’s STAFF
2. PSYCHIATRISTS
3. PSYCHOLOGISTS
4. SOCIOLOGISTS
5. EDUCATIONAL COUNSELOR
6. VOCATIONAL COUNSELOR
7. CHAPLAIN
8. MEDICAL OFFICER
9. CUSTODIAL CORRECTIONAL
b. ADMISSION PROCEDURE IN PRISON

1. RECEIVING – The new prisoner is received either in the center (RDC) or in prison, but later on transferred
to the center.
2. CHECKING COMMITMENT PAPERS – The receiving checks the commitment papers if they are in order,
that is, if it contains the signature of the judge of the signature of the clerk of court and seal of the court.
3. ESTABLLISHING IDENTITY OF THE PRISONER – The prisoner’s identity is established through the picture
and the fingerprint of the prisoner appearing on the commitment order.
4. SEARCHING THE PRISONER – This step involves the frisking of the prisoner and searching of his personal
things.
5. ASSIGNEMENT OF QUARTERS – The new prisoner is then sent tot he quarantines until where he spends
five days.
c. THE QUARANTINE UNIT OR CELL

This may be a unit of prison or a section the ROC where the prisoner is given thorough physical examination
including blood tests, X - rays, inoculations, and vaccinations for the purpose of insuring that the prisoner is not
suffering from any contagious disease which might be transferred to the prison population.
d. STAFF CONFERENCE
Also called the guidance or case conference where the prisoner, drafter undergoing all the taste, interviews
and examinations, appears before the Center's staff in conference to plan out with him his tentative program of
treatment and training. After every member of the staff have given his report, the body votes on what program
of activities the prisoner should undergo including institutional training, recreational program, religious program,
medical and psychiatric services and social services.
e. ADMISSION SUMMARY
The written reports submitted by center’s staff regarding their findings on the prisoner are compiled and form
the admission summary, which becomes the nucleus of the cumulative case history of the prisoners.
USES OF THE ADMISSION SUMMARY

1. It is used by the classification committee as guide in carrying out the rehabilitation program of the prisoner in
the operating institution.
2. It is used by the parole office as guide in parole program planning and parole supervision.
f. PRE-RELEASE TREATMENT
It is the program specifically designed and given to a prisoner, during a limited period, prior to his release, in
order to give him an opportunity to adjust himself from the regimented group like in prison to the normal,
independent life of a free individual.
PART III
The Correctional Treatment Program

The Treatment Programs
1. The Philippine Prison System adopted two approaches in treating criminal offenders. These are the
Institution-Based Treatment Programs and the Community-Based Treatment Programs.
2. These programs aimed towards the improvement of offender attitude and philosophy of life, the main goal
being ultimate rehabilitation of offenders by changing inmates’ attitudes.
The Institutionalized Treatment Programs
1. Prison Education – the cornerstone of rehabilitation. It is the process or result of formal training in school or
classrooms intended to shape the mind and attitude of prisoners towards good living upon their release.
Classes of Prison Education:
A. General and Academic Education – the objective of which is to eradicate illiteracy among prisoners. This
could be the best contribution of correctional system can offer to society.
B. Vocational Education – the purpose of which is to provide prisoners necessary skills for successful works in
a socially acceptable occupation after their release.
2. Physical Education – designed for those who have physical disabilities.
3. Work Programs – these are programs conducive to change behavior in morale by training prisoners for a
useful occupation. It is purposely to eliminate idleness on the part of prisoners, which may contribute to “Prison
stupor”, and it affects the incidence of prison riot.
Classification of Prison Work Programs:
1. Educational Assignments – prisoners maybe assigned to either general education, vocational or physical
education.
2. Maintenance Assignments – the assignment involves labor related to care and up keeping of the institution
properties.
3. Unassignable – prisoners who are nearly to leave the institution, awaiting transfer, those in disciplinary
status, and those who are chronically ill with mental disabilities are considered unassignable prisoners.
Prisoners over 60 years of age may be excused from hard work.
4. Religious Services in Prison – the purpose of this program is to change the attitudes of inmates by
inculcating religious values or belief.
5. Recreational Program – the only program that is conducted during free time schedule. Activities may include
athletics/sports, musical and arts, social games, special activities on special events, etc.
6. Medical and Health Services – includes mental and physical examination, diagnosis and treatment,
immunization, sanitary inspections, participation in training.
Counseling and Casework
Objectives of Counseling:
1. Immediate solution of specific personal problem,
2. Help inmates to increase self-understanding.
Objectives of Casework:

1. To obtain clear description of social history,
2. Solving immediate problems involving family problems or other personal relationship,
3. Assist inmates towards acceptable solutions,
4. Support inmates, who are nearly release by giving them guidance or information.
5. Professional assistance to offenders on probation or parole.
6. Rehabilitation and Treatment of Inmates
Inmate Services
1. Inmate services. – As part of the prison rehabilitation and treatment program, the inmate shall be
guaranteed access to health, educational, religious, and related rehabilitation services.
2. Health Service. – Health care and services shall be given to inmates similar to those available in the free
community and subject to prison regulations. A prison shall have atleast one qualified medical doctor and a
dentist.
3. Medical consultation and visiting hours. – Medical consultation and visiting hours shall be established by the
Superintendent in consultation with the medical staff.
4. Basic guidelines on medical consultation. – the following guidelines shal be observed whenever an inmate
visits a prison hospital/clinic for consultation and/or treatment.
a. The inmate shall be in proper uniform during consultations.
b. He shall be attended to on a first come first served basis.
c. The number of inmates allowed at the hospital/clinic for consultation/treatment shall depend on the
number of available doctors.
d. An inmate shall be subjected to a body search upon entering and leaving the prison hospital/clinic.
e. In emergency cases, only the medical staff and the patient shall be allowed inside the emergency room
f. An inmate shall not loiter in the hospital/clinic or leave the same without permission from the medical
staff.
g. Visitors of inmates shall not be allowed to stay inside the hospital/clinic to attend to the sick inmate
without the permission of the prison medical staff.
h. Children below twelve (12) years of age shall not be allowed to stay inside a hospital ward or treatment
room.
i. Patients in the hospital shall not be required to stand for checking.
5. Pregnant CIW inmates. – In the CIW, there shall be special accommodations for pregnant women.
Whenever practicable, however, arrangements shall be made for children to be born in a hospital outside the
prison.
6. Infant born to a CIW inmate. – an infant born while the mother is serving sentence in the CIW may be
allowed to stay with the mother for a period not exceeding one (1) year. After the lapse of said period, if the
mother of the infant fails to place the child in a home of her own, the Superintendent shall make arrangements
with the Department of Social Welfare and Development or any other social welfare agency for the infant’s
care. As far as practicable, the CIW shall have a nursery staffed by qualified personnel.
7. Recommendation for release of seriously-ill inmate. – The prison medical officer shall visit all sick inmates
daily and attend to those who complain of any ailment. He shall render a report to the Superintendent
whenever he considers that an inmate’s mental or physical health has been or will be injuriously affected by
continued imprisonment or by any condition of confinement.

8. Notification of kin of sick or dead inmate. – Whenever an inmate is critically ill or dies, the prison medical
officer shall report the matter to the Superintendent who in turn shall notify the inmate’s family by the fastest
means of communication available.
9. Meals in hospital/clinic. – Meals shall be served in prison hospital/clinic at the same time that food is served
to the other inmates, unless directed otherwise by the prison medical officer. Inmates assigned to work in the
hospital/clinic shall be provided with food rations coming form the General Kitchen.
10. Referral of inmate for outside medical consultation/treatment. – An inmate who needs medical treatment or
examination that cannot be provided in the prison hospital may be referred to a hospital/clinic outside the
prison for the needed examination, treatment or hospitalization. The expenses for the outside medical referral
shall be borne by the inmate. During said referral, the inmate shall be accompanied by a member of the
prison’s medical staff.
11. Medical certification. – the outside medical examination, treatment or hospitalization of an inmate shall
support by a certificate of the prison medical officer or if there is none, by a government physician, which shall
specify the exact ailment of the inmate, the treatment or examination required, the duration of the
hospitalization that may be required, and shall certify that the ailment cannot be properly attended to in the
prison hospital. Provided, that in the case of an NBP or CIW inmate, the request for outside medical referral
shall be forwarded by the Director to the Secretary for approval at least one (1) day before the proposed
referral.
12. Referral to government hospital. – Unless absolutely necessary an inmate shall be referred to a
government clinic, hospital or institution for the required examination, treatment or Hospitalization. If the
referral is made to private institution, the expenses incident thereto shall be borne by the inmate.
13. Outside referral for dental work. – Except in emergency cases, no dental work or an inmate shall be done
outside the prison, and in cases restoration work, expenses shall be borne by the inmate.
14. Donation of human organ; form of donation. – The Director may authorize an inmate to donate to a
licensed physician, surgeon, known scientists or any medical or scientific institution, including eye banks, and
other similar institutions, any organ, part or parts of his body and to utilize the same for medical, surgical or
scientific purposes, of said organ or body part or parts which for a legitimate reason, would be detached from
the body of the grantor, subject to the following conditions;
a. the organ or body part or parts being donated shall be detached after the death of the inmate;
b. the authorization to detach or use the organ or body part or parts shall be in writing; specify the person
or institution granted the authorization, the organ, part or parts to be detached, the specific use or uses
of the organ or body part or parts to be employed; and shall be signed by the inmate and attested by
two disinterested witnesses.
c. the donation is approved by the proper court.
15. Disposition of cadaver of deceased inmate. – Unless claimed by his family, the body of an inmate who dies
in prison may be turned over to an institution of learning or any scientific research center designated by the
Secretary, for the purpose of study and investigation, provided that such institution shall provide a decent burial
of the remains. Otherwise, the Bureau shall order the burial of the body of the inmate at government expense,
granting permission to the members of the family and friends of the inmate to be present thereat. If the body is
claimed by the family, all expenses incident to the burial shall be at the expense of the family.
16. Burial of convict. – In no case shall the burial of a convict be held with pomp.
17. Adult education. - all illiterate inmates shall attend adult education classes. Literate inmates may attend
classes corresponding to their educational level.

18. Educational programs for inmates. – A prison may offer any or all of the following educational programs:
a. Elementary education
b. Secondary education program to prepare students to successfully pass the required tertiary level
qualification examination and to receive a regular high school diploma. A student will have completed
the program when all the credits required for a regular high school diploma from an accredited
institution have been earned;
c. College education; and
d. Vocational training.
19. Certificate of completion. – The inmate shall be issued a certificate/diploma upon successful completion of
an educational program or course. The certificate shall form part of this prison record.
20. Recreational and cultural activities. – Recreational and cultural activities shall be provided in all prisons for
the benefits of the mental and physical health of the inmate.

MODULE III
1. Understand fully the BJMP;
2. Recognize the principles BJMP; and
3. Discuss the role of BJMP.
BJMP MANUAL
POWERS:
The BJMP exercises supervision and control over all district, city and municipal jails. As such, it shall ensure
the establishment of secure, clean, adequately equipped sanitary facilities; and ensure the provision of quality
services for the custody, safekeeping, rehabilitation and development of district, city and municipal inmates,
any fugitive from justice, or person detained awaiting or undergoing investigation or trial and/or transfer to the
National Penitentiary, and/or violent mentally ill person who endangers him/herself or the safety of others as
certified by the proper medical or health officer, pending transfer to a mental institution.
FUNCTIONS:
In line with its mission, the Bureau endeavors to perform the following functions:
a. to enhance and upgrade organizational capability on a regular basis; thus, making all BJMP personnel
updated on all advancements in law enforcement eventually resulting in greater crime solution efficiency and
decreased inmate population;
b. to implement strong security measures for the control of inmates;
c. to provide for the basic needs of inmates;
d. to conduct activities for the rehabilitation and development of inmates; and
e. to improve jail facilities and conditions.
Vision, Mission, Objectives and Functions of Directorate for Operations

a. Vision – A Directorate that will be instrumental in the humane safekeeping of inmates.

b. Mission – To enhance jail management by formulating policies and guidelines on humane safekeeping of
inmates and ensure their compliance in all district, city and municipal jails.
c. Objectives
1. To monitor the compliance by wardens with the different operational policies and regulations set forth by the
bureau;
2. To help enhance the security and safety of the inmates as well as the jail facilities;
3. To equip the personnel with the necessary skills in the effective management of jail security and
safekeeping of inmates.
4. To ensure that the bureau complies with its directives pertaining to jail operations; and
5. To ensure that the bureau complies with the principles relative to use of different international instruments in
the humane treatment of inmates.
d. Functions:
1. Advises and assists the BJMP chief on matters relating to the formulation and execution of correctional
programs, particularly as regard organization, training, operation and planning;
2. Formulates and implements policies, guidelines, and programs relating to security, custody, discipline and
control of offenders;
3. Conducts periodic inspection of jail facilities and supervision over jail facility personnel; reviews matter
concerning penology such as custody, security, discipline and control of offenders; and ensures that the same
are properly and religiously implemented;
4. Formulates plans, programs, policies and guidelines for the effective nationwide implementation of
rehabilitation programs and services for all inmates;
5. Coordinates with private and government agencies and solicits their assistance and support for rehabilitation
programs in jails nationwide; and
6. Performs such other functions as the BJMP chief may direct.
1. DISTRICT JAIL - In large cities or a group of clustered municipalities, a district jail headed by a district
warden.
2. CITY AND MUNICIPAL JAILS - The BJMP operates and maintains city and municipal jails, each headed by
a city or municipal warden.
CORE VALUES:
The BJMP’s officers and staff are guided by the following core values:
a. Commitment - strong sense of dedication to the ideals of the organization and to the public that it serves;
b. Respect for Human Rights - to promote and protect the rights of our fellow human beings;
c. Efficiency/Competence - mastery of important skills for delivery of quality services;
d. Cooperation - willingness to share efforts in implementing plans and achieving goals; and
e. Teamwork - the combined effective action of all personnel.
OBJECTIVES:
The broad objectives of the Bureau are the following:
a. To improve the living conditions of offenders in accordance with the accepted standards set by the United
Nations;
b. To enhance the safekeeping, rehabilitation and development of offenders in preparation for their eventual
reintegration into the mainstream of society upon their release; and
c. To professionalize jail services
PRINCIPLES:
The following principles shall be observed in the implementation:
a. Humane treatment of inmates;
b. Observance of professionalism in the performance of duties; and
c. Multi-sectoral approach in the safekeeping and development of inmates can be strengthened through active
partnership with other members of the criminal justice system and global advocates of corrections.

DEFINITION OF TERMS:
As used in this Manual, the following terms are defined:
1. Alcoholics - those inmates who suffer from alcoholism or those engaged in the improper compulsive intake
of alcohol which may result in physical, social and behavioral problems.
2. Bisexual - are those inmates who have a sexual attraction or sexual behavior toward both males and
females, and may also encompass sexual attraction to people of any gender identity or to a person irrespective
of that person’s biological sex or gender.
3. Carpeta - otherwise known as “inmate record or jacket”, contains the personal and criminal records of
inmates, documents related to his/her incarceration such as but not limited to: commitment order, subpoenas,
personal identification, orders from the court, and all other papers necessarily connected with the detention of
an inmate.
4. Child or Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL), also known as “Youth Offender” - a person under eighteen
(18) years old who is alleged as, accused of or adjudged as having committed an offense under the Philippine
laws.
5. Chief Custodial Officer - is the personnel in-charge in the overall supervision of all custodial functions.
6. City Jail - is a facility or a place of confinement for those inmates who are sentenced with a penalty from (1)
one day to three (3) year imprisonment.
7. Clustering of Jails - the designation of a municipal or city Jail as a facility for one or more adjacent
municipalities in order to maximize the utilization of personnel and other resources. The “host” city or
municipality is named as a district to accommodate inmates from the municipalities clustered to it.
8. Commitment Order - a written order of the court, or any other agency authorized by law to issue, entrusting
an inmate to a jail for the purpose of safekeeping during the pendency of his/her case.
9. Contraband - any article, item, or thing prohibited by law and/or forbidden by jail rules that would pose as
security hazards or endanger the lives of inmates.
10. Conjugal Visitation – refers to the visit by the wife for a short period, usually an hour, more or less, to her
incarcerated husband during which they are allowed privacy and are generally understood to have sexual
contact.
11. Detainee - a person who is accused before a court or competent authority and is temporarily confined in jail
while undergoing or awaiting investigation, trial, or final judgment.
12. District Jail - is a facility or a place of confinement for inmates coming from a city or clustered municipalities
who are waiting or undergoing trial or serving sentence of one (1) day to three (3) years.
13. Drug Dependents - are those inmates who have a psychological craving for habituation to and abuse of or
physiologic reliance on a chemical/drug substance.
14. Drug Users - are those inmates who take substances/drugs that can alter their body and mind works.
15. Escape-Prone Inmates - are inmates who are likely and have the tendency to escape from the jail facility.
16. Gay - is a male homosexual inmate, who experiences romantic love or sexual attraction to fellow male
inmates.
17. High Risk Inmates in BJMP Jails - are those considered as highly dangerous or with high probability of
escaping or being rescued because of the gravity of the crimes they are accused of or have a propensity for
being troublemakers or initiators of jail riots and disturbance and who require a high degree of control and
supervision. Particularly included herein are those charged with heinous crimes, such as murder, terrorism,
kidnap for ransom, violation of R.A. No. 9165, the imposable penalty for which is from life imprisonment to
death, etc. These also include those who have a record of escaping from jails, recidivists, habitual delinquents,
and those with severe personality or emotional disorders that make them dangerous to their fellow inmates or
the jail personnel.
18. High Profile Inmates in BJMP Jails - are those who are not necessarily charged with heinous crimes but
are prominent figures in society or public figures whose cases have drawn public interest.
19. Infirmed Inmates - are those inmates who are physically or mentally weak for a prolonged period of time
specifically caused by age or illness.
20. Inmate - is the generic term used to refer to a detainee or prisoner.
21. Inmates with Disability - are those inmates who have an impairment that may be physical, cognitive,

mental, sensory, emotional, developmental, or some combination of these.
22. Inmates with Other Nationalities - are those inmates who are foreign nationals.
23. Instrument of Restraint - a device, contrivance, tool or instrument used to hold back, keep in, check or
control inmates; e.g., handcuffs.
24. Jail - is a place of confinement for city and municipal detainees/prisoners, any fugitive from justice, or
person detained awaiting or undergoing investigation or trial and/or pending transfer to the National
Penitentiary, and/or violent, mentally ill person who endangers him/herself or the safety of others, duly certified
as such by the proper medical or health officer, pending transfer to a mental institution.
25. Jail Aide – is an inmate who requires less supervision than other inmates. Although he/she may be
assigned special tasks, he/she has no special privileges, and is not allowed to work alone nor exercise any
authority over other inmates.
26. Jail Incident -any untoward or uncommon actions, events, or conditions such as jail break, riot, noise
barrage, stabbing or assault upon personnel that occurs in jail and perpetrated by any person, which may or
may not have followed or depended upon another action of grave or serious consequences such as escape,
injury, death, fire, flood, earthquake, or other calamity which affects the jail.
27. Jailbreak - the escape from jail by more than two (2) inmates by the use of force, threat, violence or deceit
or by breaching security barriers such as by scaling the perimeter fence, by tunneling and/or by other similar
means or by burning or destructing of the facility or a portion of the facility with or without the aid of jail officer
or any other person.
28. Jail escape - it is an act of leaving from jail of an inmate through unofficial and illegal ways or without any
legal order from the authorities.
29. Jail Warden - person charged with the overall operational and administrative control of jail.
30. Illegal Contraband- are those that are unlawful in themselves and not because of some extraneous
circumstances (i.e., dangerous drugs, weapons, potential weapons, explosives).
31. Lesbian - is a female homosexual inmate, who experiences romantic love or sexual attraction to fellow
female inmates.
32.Mentally ill - are those inmates who suffer from mental illness and afflicted with or exhibiting irrationality and
mental unsoundness.
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34. Municipal Jail - is a facility or a place of confinement for those who are sentenced with a penalty for a term
not exceeding six (6) month imprisonment.
35. Nuisance Contraband - are those that may not be classified as illegal under the Philippine laws but are
forbidden by jail rules i.e. cellphone, money or other commodities of exchange such as jewelry, appliances and
gadgets, excessive wearing apparels and sleeping paraphernalia, intoxicating liquors, cigarettes, pornographic
materials, gambling paraphernalia and other products that are considered as instruments for vices since they
threaten the security, fire safety, sanitation of the facility, and the orderly activities of the jail.
36. Offender - refers to a person who is accused of violating or transgressing laws and ordinances passed by
competent authorities in the Philippines.
37. Officer - in general, the term officer shall refer to all uniformed personnel of the BJMP; when referring to
rank, however, the term officer shall refer to those holding the rank of jail inspector and above.
38. Penology - a branch of criminology dealing with jail management and administration of inmates.
39. Pregnant Inmates - a female inmate bearing a developing embryo, fetus, or unborn offspring within her
body.
40. Prisoner - an inmate who is convicted by final judgment.
41. Provincial Jail – is a facility or a place of confinement for inmates who are sentenced with imprisonment
from six (6) months and (1) one to three (3) year imprisonment.
42. Provincial Jail Administrator - refers to the official duly designated to head the BJMP Provincial Jail
Administrator’s Office and to oversee the implementation of jail services of all district, city and municipal jails
within its territorial jurisdiction.
43.Reformation - means amending or improving by changing inmate's behavior or removing his or her faults or
abuse and removing or correcting an abuse a wrong or error.
44. Regional Director - refers to the official duly designated to head the BJMP Regional Office, to oversee the

implementation of jail services within his/her jurisdiction covering provincial jail administrator’s offices, district,
city and municipal jails, and to ensure the enforcement of laws and regulations related to the functions his or
her office as mandated of him or her.
45. Regional Office- means an office, which has administrative and operational control over its provincial jail
administrator’s offices, district, city and municipal jails.
46.Rehabilitation - a program of activity directed to restore an inmate’s self-respect and sense of responsibility
to the community, thereby making him/her a law-abiding citizen after serving his/her sentence. Safekeeping -
refers to the temporary custody of a person for his/her own protection from the community he or she comes
from, and for the community he or she comes from.
47. Senior Citizens Inmates - are those inmates who have reached sixty years old, or those who have retired
from work, and those who generally belong to the "old age" bracket.
48. Sex Offenders - are those inmates who committed crimes involving sex, including rape, molestation,
pedophilia, sexual harassment and pornography production or distributions.
49. Sexual Deviates - inmates who have a type of mental disorder characterized by a preference for or
obsession with unusual sexual practices, as pedophilia, sadomasochism, or exhibitionism or inmates whose
sexual practices are socially prohibited.
50. Suicidal Inmates - are those inmates who have a tendency to commit suicide or to harm themselves.
51. Transgender - are those inmates whose gender identity or gender expression does not match with their
innate sexual identity.
52. Transfer -the delivery, notwithstanding his/her or their appeal, of an inmate or inmates sentenced to more
than three (3) year imprisonment, from any BJMP manned jail to any of the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor)
prisons or penal farms or the delivery of an inmate/s from BJMP-manned jail to another jail facility.
COMMITMENT AND CLASSIFICATION OF PRISONERS AND DETAINEES

A person can be committed to jail only upon the issuance of an appropriate order by a competent court or
authority so mandated under Philippine laws. This Rule enumerates courts and authorities, and classifies
inmates according to the conditions for their commitment.
COMMITMENT - means entrusting for the confinement of an inmate to a jail by a competent court or authority,
for the purposes of safekeeping during the pendency of his/her case.
COURTS AND OTHER ENTITIES AUTHORIZED TO COMMIT A PERSON TO JAIL

The following (courts and entities) are authorized to commit a person to jail:
a. Supreme Court;
b. Court of Appeals;
c. Sandiganbayan;
d. Regional Trial Court;
e. Metropolitan/Municipal Trial Court;
f. Municipal Circuit Trial Court;
g. Congress of the Philippines; and
h. All other administrative bodies or persons authorized by law to arrest and commit a person to jail.
CLASSIFICATION - refers to assigning or to grouping of inmates according to their respective penalty, gender,
age, nationality, health, criminal records, etc.
INMATES SECURITY CLASSIFICATION

The following are the classifications of inmates according to security risk each may pose:
a. High Profile Inmate - those who require increased security based on intense media coverage or public
concern as a result of their offense such as but not limited to those who have been involved in a highly
controversial or sensationalized crime or those who became prominent for being a politician, government
official, multi-million entrepreneur, religious or cause-oriented group leader and movie or television personality.

b. High Risk Inmate - those who are considered highly dangerous and who require a greater degree of
security, control and supervision because of their deemed capability of escape, of being rescued, and their
ability to launch or spearhead acts of violence inside the jail. This includes those charged with heinous crimes
such as murder, kidnapping for ransom, economic sabotage, syndicated or organized crimes, etc. Also
included are inmates with military or police trainings or those whose life is in danger or under imminent threat.
c. High Value Target (HVT) - a target, either a resource or a person, who may either be an enemy combatant,
high ranking official or a civilian in danger of capture or death, typically in possession of critical intelligence,
data, or authority marked as an objective for a mission and which a commander requires for the successful
completion of the same.
d. Security Threat Group - any formal or informal ongoing inmates’ group, gang, organization or association
consisting of three or more members falling into one of the following basic categories: street gangs, prison
gangs, outlaw gangs, traditional organized crime, aboriginal gangs, subversive groups and terrorist
organizations.
e. Subversive Group - a group of persons that adopts or advocates subversive principles or policies tending to
overthrow or undermine an established government.
f. Terrorist Group - a group of persons that commits any of the following: piracy and mutiny in the high seas or
in the Philippine waters, rebellion or insurrection, coup d’état, murder, kidnapping and serious illegal detention,
crimes involving destruction, arson, hijacking, violation of laws on toxic substances and hazardous and nuclear
waste control, violations of atomic energy regulations, anti-piracy and antihighway robbery, illegal and unlawful
possession, manufacture, dealing in, acquisition or disposition of firearms, ammunitions or explosives.
g. Violent Extremist Offender (VEO) - a person whose political or religious ideologies are considered far
outside the mainstream attitudes of the society or who violates common moral standards and who has adopted
an increasingly extreme ideals and aspirations resorting to the employment of violence in the furtherance of
his/her beliefs.
h. Medium Risk Inmates -those who represent a moderate risk to the public and staff. These inmates still
require greater security, control and supervision as they might escape from and might commit violence inside
the jail.
i. Minimum Risk Inmates (Ordinary Inmates) - those inmates who have lesser tendencies to commit offenses
and generally pose the least risk to public safety. In most cases, they may be first time offenders and are
charged with light offenses.
REQUIREMENTS FOR COMMITMENT

No person shall be committed to any jail facility without the following required documents:
a. Commitment Order;
b. Medical Certificate - recent medical certificate taken within 24 hours prior to admission;
c. Complaint/Information;
d. Police Booking Sheet; and
e. Certificate of Detention from PNP and/or NBI.
RECEPTION AND RELEASING PROCEDURES, CLASSIFICATION BOARD, DISCIPLINARY BOARD AND

PUNISHABLE ACTS OF INMATES
One of the Guiding Principles of the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners
states that “Imprisonment and other measures which result in cutting off an offender from the outside world are
afflictive by the very fact of taking from a person the right of self-determination by depriving him/her of his/her
liberty. Therefore, the prison system shall not, except as incidental to justifiable segregation or the

maintenance of discipline, aggravate the suffering inherent in such a situation”. Hence, a well-planned and
organized reception of detainees is critical to achieving this. The inmate’s first impression of the correctional
process greatly influences his/her attitude and behavior toward the custodial and rehabilitative regimens
he/she must undergo during confinement and perhaps, to some extent, affect his/her outlook and adjustment
after his/her release. This Rule provides guidance on the reception and disciplinary aspects of jail
management.
Section 21. RECEPTION PROCEDURES:

A decent and humane program of confinement starts with a systematic reception of inmates for commitment to
the BJMP’s jail facilities. The following procedures should therefore be observed:
A. Gater - He or she checks the credentials of the person bringing the inmate/the committing officer to
determine his/her identity and authority. Also, he or she reviews the completeness of the following documents
before the person bringing an inmate/the committing officer is allowed to enter the facility.
The documents mentioned earlier refer to the:

1. Commitment Order;
2. Medical Certificate – recent medical certificate taken within 24 hours prior to admission;
3.Complaint/Information;
4. Police Booking Sheet; and
5. Certificate of Detention from PNP and/or NBI. Additionally, the "gater" shall subject the person to be
committed and his/her escorts for search and inspection as prescribed. Finally, he or she (gater) refers the
person to be committed and his or her escorts to the Records Unit.
B. Records Unit- This unit examines the completeness and authenticity of the requirements for Commitment
(Commitment Order, Booking Sheet, Arrest Report and Information) before it refers the inmate for physical
examination by the Health Unit.
C. Health Unit:
1. Checks the authenticity of the entries in the medical certificate; conducts thorough physical examination of
the inmate to determine his or her true physical condition; and asks searching questions to determine
injury/injuries found to have been sustained by the inmate after the conduct of medical examination or those
injuries not diagnosed prior to commitment in jail. Inmate is required to undress while undergoing medical
examination. A female inmate shall be examined by female health personnel. A male inmate may be examined
by either male or female health personnel;
2. In case of any discrepancy found during physical examination but same discrepancy is not indicated in the
medical certificate, the committing officer shall be required to secure another medical certificate of the inmate.
The commitment of an inmate shall be held in abeyance pending the submission of a new medical certificate
with findings congruent to the medical findings of the jail physician/nurse. The reason for the deferment of
commitment shall be recorded in the jail blotter. In case the committing officer fails to return the inmate to jail
within twenty-four (24) hours, the reasons for the deferment of commitment and the grounds thereof shall be
reported immediately to the court that issued the commitment order;
3. In the absence of a jail nurse/medical personnel, the receiving officer shall refer the person to be committed
to the nearest government health facility for medical evaluation (check the medical certificate and observe the
mental alertness, physical abnormalities and the overall appearance of the inmates); and
4. If no discrepancy is found during physical examination, the inmate shall be referred back to the Records nit.
D. Records Unit -Receives the inmate and the documents from the committing officer and conducts the
following:
1. Start the booking procedures:
a. Accomplish the jail booking sheet;
b. Strip-search the inmate to check for any birth marks, tattoos, etc.;
c. Encode the inmate's information to the NIMS;

d. Fingerprint and photograph the inmate with mug shot background; and
e. List the names of the visitors authorized by the inmate.
2. Apprise the inmate in a dialect that he/she understands of the provisions of Art 29 of the RPC which was
further amended by R.A. 10592; (Refer to ANNEX “A”)
3. Facilitate the signing of the Detainee’s Manifestation if he/she agrees to abide by the same disciplinary rules
imposed upon convicted inmates. Otherwise, the warden issues a certification under oath manifesting that the
inmate was apprised of the provision of Art 29 of the RPC as amended and refused to abide by the same; and
4. Store all documents in the Inmate’s Carpeta.
E. Property Custodian
1. Checks the inmate’s belongings for presence of contraband. Discovery of any contraband shall be treated in
accordance with existing policies.
2. Takes all cash and other personal properties from the inmate, lists them down on a receipt form with
duplicate, duly signed by him/her and countersigned by the inmate. The original receipt should be given to the
inmate and the duplicate be kept by the Property Custodian.
3. Keeps all cash and other valuables of the inmate in a safety vault. Said cash and valuables may be turned
over to any person authorized by the inmate.
4. Refers the inmate to the desk officer.
F. Desk Officer - books the newly committed inmate in the jail blotter; assigns the inmate to a reception area, if
any, where he/she shall be scheduled for orientation on jail rules and regulation, and shall undergo risk
assessment and classification, evaluation and conduct of further medical evaluation/screening by the Medical
Officer.
G. Assistant Warden or Officer of the Day - Orients the newly committed inmates on jail rules and regulations
using the Inmate’s Orientation Sheet.
H. Jail Warden - Coordinates with concerned agencies regarding the case of inmate for speedy disposition and
to furnish them with copies of the available needed documents. The jail warden shall see to it that all
concerned agencies and persons will be informed of the commitment of the inmate in his/her jail by submitting
a written report. Through his/her paralegal officer, he/she shall ensure that the courts and prosecutors’ office
are attending to the case of the inmate by constantly coordinating with them for the purpose of speeding up the
disposition of the case. For this purpose, the sharing of nonconfidential information with the concerned
agencies is encouraged.
The following agencies/persons shall be notified by the warden upon commitment of the inmate:
1. Presiding Judge - (monthly submission of list of committed inmates to the presiding judge is mandatory)
2. Executive Judge/ Clerk of court - (monthly submission of committed inmates is mandatory)
3. PNP - mandatory
4. NBI – mandatory
5. Family - mandatory
6. PAO lawyer - in case of indigent inmate
7. IBP legal aide - in case of indigent inmate and unavailability of PAO lawyer
8. Private lawyer - upon request
9. Priest or religious minister - upon request
10. Private physician - upon request
11. Commission on Human Rights - as needed/to submit list of committed inmates monthly
12. Public physician - as needed
13. Psychologist/ Psychiatrist - as needed
14. Embassy - mandatory in case of foreign national/alien

15. DSWD - mandatory in case of CICL
16. Court/ Other branches - in case of multiple cases
CLASSIFICATION BOARD:
Each jail shall maintain a classification board, if facilities and personnel are available, to be composed of the
following:
Chairperson - Assistant Warden
Member – Chief, Custodial/Security Office
Member - Medical Officer/Public Health Officer
Member - Jail Chaplain
Member - Inmates Welfare and Development Officer
DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE CLASSIFICATION BOARD

The Classification Board is tasked to conduct background investigation of inmates to determine the cell
assignment, the appropriate rehabilitative program, the type of supervision and degree of custody and
restrictions applicable to the inmate/s.
The investigation shall focus on the following:
a. Facts and data of the present case;
b. Inmate's recent criminal history and the facts about the inmate's attitudes and behavior while confined in
other institutions, if the inmate is a recidivist or a habitual delinquent;
c. Biography or life history;
d. Medical History;
e. Vocational, recreational, educational and religious background/interests; and
f. Psychological characteristics as evaluated by the psychiatrist and psychologist
The inmate is required to appear before the Classification Board for validation of his/her profile. Upon
completion of the classification assessment, the inmate is then apprised of his/her cell assignment and welfare
programs appropriate for him/her. He/she is asked if he/she is willing to undergo this program for his/her own
good. If he/she is willing, the Board will see to it that the program planned for the inmate is followed. Then the
inmate is assigned to his/her cell according to the approved classification.
CLASSIFICATION PROCESS
a. Admission of Inmate - Once the inmate has undergone the registration process; he/she will be temporarily
housed at the Inmate Classification and Counseling Unit (ICCU) in jails where it is available. The inmate shall
stay at the ICCU for a minimum period of thirty (30) days but not exceeding sixty (60) days or until the
completion of the classification process. At the ICCU, the newly committed inmate will undergo assessment by
the different health professionals.
b. Medical Examination - The jail medical Officer or the jail officer designated nurse of the Health Unit will
conduct a thorough physical examination on the newly committed inmate and will note down significant bodily
marks, scars, tattoos and lesions based on the medical certificate presented by the committing officer. He or
she must ensure that his/her findings are congruent to the medical certificate presented. Any discrepancy shall
warrant further investigation by and reporting of the same to the CHR.
c. Results of the medical examination shall be recorded and shall bear the signature of the physician or nurse
who conducted the examination. Medical issues will be attended to accordingly.
d. Dental Examination - The jail dentist shall perform a thorough dental examination and recording of his or her
findings. The record shall bear the signature of the dentist who conducted the examination. Dental issues that
need immediate attention shall be so attended to accordingly.
e. Psychological Examination - The jail psychologist-in-charge shall conduct psychological examination to

determine the inmate’s psychological state at the time of examination. Results will be recorded in the
psychologist’s logbook or in the health assessment card/HAS and shall bear the signature of the psychologist
who conducted the examination.
f. Social Case Study - The jail social worker at the ICCU shall conduct in-depth interview with the newly
admitted inmate, an interview that considers the "who the inmate is" from birth up to the present including
his/her familial, educational, social, vocational and other issues that has an impact on his/her personality. The
findings will be recorded and shall bear the signature of the social worker who conducted the assessment. In
jails without ICCU, the interview will be done by the social worker-in-charge upon the order of the court or as
requested by the medical officer, the psychiatrist or the duly designated jail warden for specific purposes.
g. Risk Assessment - A risk assessment tool shall be utilized to determine the level of violence/risk the inmate
poses, either external or internal. This will help in the proper classification and segregation of inmates and in
the design of specific development plans.
h. Psychiatric Evaluation - Using the results of the psychological examination, social case study, and risk
assessment, the psychiatrist conducts a psychiatric evaluation to determine the present mental state of the
inmate and to diagnose any existing psychiatric illness for further treatment. The result will be recorded and
shall bear the signature of the psychiatrist who conducted the examination.
The inmate shall undergo psychiatric evaluation under the following conditions:
1. The jail psychologist refers the inmate for further evaluation;
2. The court orders the psychological/psychiatric evaluation of the inmate;
3. The inmate was/is manifesting behavioral oddities;
4. The inmate discloses or admits upon inquiry by the admitting health staff that he/she had previous
psychiatric consultation or had undergone psychiatric treatment;
5. The inmate discloses or admits upon inquiry by the admitting health staff that he/she had attempted to
commit or had committed suicide or that he or she has noticeable body marks or scars indicating history of
suicidal behavior;
6. The inmate discloses or admits that he or she has a history of recent torture, or he or she has been a victim
of physical abuse or domestic violence;
7. The inmate discloses upon inquiry by the health staff that he/she has recently ingested/abused illicit
substances or that he or she is an alcohol or other illicit substance dependent;
8. The disciplinary board referred the inmate for further evaluation and management; and
9. The inmate is a recidivist for heinous crimes or was charged of a sexual offense or was considered as
violent sex offender. The working diagnosis will be recorded at the inmate’s health assessment card and the
details of the examination will be written in the psychiatrist’s logbook provided by the jail health unit. Every
examination result shall bear the signature of the examining psychiatrist.
i. Case Management - Each inmate will be assigned to a specific case manager who may either be a
psychologist, a social worker or a nurse. The case manager shall be responsible for the consolidation of all the
results and shall make the proper decision as to the classification of the inmates and the identification
development programs for each inmate.
j. Inmate Orientation and Counseling - While undergoing assessment, the inmate shall be oriented on the basic
jail rules and regulations. He/she shall be introduced to the different development programs that would best
promote his/her personal growth. In this phase, the newly committed inmate shall likewise undergo counseling
for him/her to develop better coping skills thereby preventing psychological imbalance in the early phase of
incarceration.
k. Inmate Evaluation and Classification - Using the different tools of assessment, the newly committed inmate
will now be classified based on the level of risk and present physical, mental and emotional state.

l. Proper Cell Assignment and Development Plans - After the inmate has undergone all the assessments,
his/her case manager shall consolidate all the results. Based on the results of the final evaluation, the inmate
may then be assigned to the cell that is deemed best for his/her growth and well-being.
m. The newly committed inmate is encouraged to participate in the recommended development programs.
n. Monitoring - After the inmate has been transferred to his/her assigned cell and has been attending the
prescribed development programs, the case manager shall periodically monitor, and change and enhance
inmate's development program/s depending on his or her behavioral progress.
DISCIPLINARY BOARD
A disciplinary board shall be organized and maintained for the purpose of hearing disciplinary cases involving
any inmate who violates jail rules and regulations. It shall be composed of the following:
1. Chairperson - Assistant Warden
2. Member - Chief, Custodial/Security Office
3. Member - Medical Officer/Public Health Officer
4. Member - Jail Chaplain
5. Member - Inmates Welfare and Development Officer
6. Member - Inmates’ Representative If the above composition is not feasible because of personnel limitation,
the warden shall perform the board’s functions and he shall act as the summary disciplinary officer.
DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE DISCIPLINARY BOARD:

The Board is tasked to investigate the facts of an alleged misconduct referred to it. It shall hold sessions as
often as necessary in a room, which may be provided for the purpose. All cases referred to it shall be heard
and decided within forty-eight (48) hours from the date of receipt of the case.
AUTHORIZED DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS/MEASURES FOR INMATES

The Board is authorized to impose any of the following disciplinary ACTIONS/MEASURES:
1. For Detainees:
a. Admonition or verbal reprimand;
b. Restitution or reparation;
c. Temporary or permanent cancellation of all or some recreational privileges;
d. Reduction of visiting time;
e. Close confinement in a cell for a period not exceeding seven (7) days in any calendar month, provided that
this disciplinary action shall be imposed only in the case of an incorrigible inmate, and when other disciplinary
measures had been proven ineffective; and
f. Transfer to another BJMP jail in the area, in coordination with the Court.
2. For Prisoners:
a. Admonition or verbal reprimand;
b. Restitution or reparation;
c. Additional job functions/community service within the jail premises;
d. Temporary or permanent cancellation of some or all recreational privileges;
e. Reduction of visiting time;
f. Close confinement in a cell for a period not exceeding seven (7) days in any calendar month, provided that
this disciplinary action shall be imposed only in the case of an incorrigible inmate, and when other disciplinary
measures had been proven ineffective;
g. Transfer to another BJMP jail in the area in coordination with the Court;
h. Suspension of visiting privileges for a period not exceeding one (1) month, provided that this sanction shall
not apply to the lawyer, physician or religious minister serving the needs of the prisoner.
i. Permanent cancellation of visiting privileges with respect to persons not included in the definition of
immediate family under RA 7438, provided that this sanction shall not apply to the lawyer, physician or

religious minister serving the needs of the prisoner.
In addition to the above-mentioned punishment, the disciplinary board may recommend to the warden partial or
full forfeiture of good conduct time allowance (GCTA) to be earned for a particular month and subsequent
months depending upon the gravity of the offense.
LIMITATIONS ON DISCIPLINARY PUNISHMENT FOR INMATES

The Disciplinary Board shall consider the following limitations when imposing disciplinary punishment:
a. No female inmate shall be subjected to any disciplinary punishment which might affect her unborn or nursing
child;
b. No infirm or handicapped offender shall be meted out punishment, which might affect his/her health or
physical well-being;
c. Corporal punishment, confinement in dark or inadequately ventilated cells and any form of cruel, unusual,
inhumane or degrading punishment are absolutely prohibited;
d. When necessary, the jail physician shall visit the detainee/prisoner undergoing punishment and shall advise
the warden of the need for the termination of the punishment imposed upon the inmate on grounds of the
inmate's physical or mental health;
e. Instruments of restraint, such as handcuffs, leg irons and straitjackets are not to be applied as a form of
punishment. They shall only be used as a precaution against escape and on medical grounds to prevent an
offender from injuring himself or others;
f. Breaches of discipline shall be handled without anger or emotionalism and decisions shall be executed firmly
and justly; and
g. As a general rule, any violation of jail rules and regulations or misconduct committed by the inmate shall be
dealt with accordingly. In extreme cases where the violation necessitates immediate action, the warden or the
officer of the day may administer the necessary restraints and report the action he or she has taken to the
disciplinary board.
PROCEDURES IN THE HEARING OF DISCIPLINARY CASES

The following procedures shall be followed in the hearing of disciplinary cases:
a. The aggrieved inmate or any person (visitor, inmate or personnel) reports the violation to the Desk Officer;
b. The desk officer shall immediately submit a written report to the warden and the latter shall direct the
Investigation Unit to conduct an investigation within twenty-four (24) hours upon receipt of the directive. The
Investigation Unit shall submit to the Warden their report together with their recommendations;
c. The warden shall evaluate the report and if he/she believes that there is no sufficient evidence to support the
alleged violation, he/she shall dismiss the case. If he/she believes that sufficient evidence exists, he/she shall
decide the case and impose the necessary penalty in case of minor violations. If the offense is less grave or
grave, he/she shall endorse it to the disciplinary board for hearing or decide it himself/herself as a in his or her
capacity as summary disciplinary officer in the absence of a disciplinary board;
d. The inmate shall be confronted of the reported violation and asked how he/she pleads to the charge. If
he/she admits the violation or pleads guilty, the Board or the Warden, as the case may be, shall impose the
corresponding authorized disciplinary action;
e. If the inmate denies the charge, a summary hearing shall be held giving the opportunity for both parties to
present their testimonies and those of their witnesses, if any, and to present evidence to shed light on the
case;
f. After the hearing, the board shall decide with the merits of the case as bases;
g. Whether the inmate is found guilty or not, he/she should be advised to obey the rules and regulations strictly
and be reminded that good behavior is indispensable for his/her early release and/or the granting of privileges;
and
h. Decisions of the Board are subject to review and approval by the warden whose decision should be final and
executory.

PUNISHABLE ACTS:
An inmate is strictly prohibited from committing any of the following acts:
1. MINOR OFFENSES:
a. Selling or bartering with fellow inmate(s) those items not classified as contraband;
b. Rendering personal service to fellow inmate(s);
c. Untidy or dirty personal appearance;
d. Littering or failing to maintain cleanliness and orderliness in his/her quarters and/or surroundings;
e. Making frivolous or groundless complaints;
f. Taking the cudgels for or reporting complaints on behalf of other inmates;
g. Reporting late for inmate formation and inmate headcount without justifiable reasons; and
h. Willful waste of food.
2. LESS GRAVE OFFENSES:

a. Failure to report for work detail without sufficient justification;
b. Failure to render assistance to an injured personnel or inmate;
c. Failure to assist in putting out fires inside the jail;
d. Behaving improperly or acting boisterously during religious, social and other group functions;
e. Swearing, cursing or using profane or defamatory language directed at other persons;
f. Malingering or pretending to be sick to skip work assignment;
g. Spreading rumors or malicious intrigues to besmirch the honor of any person, particularly BJMP personnel;
h. Failure to stand at attention and give due respect when confronted by or reporting to any BJMP personnel;
i. Forcing fellow inmates to render personal service to him/her and/or to others;
j. Exchanging uniforms or wearing clothes other than those issued to him/her for the purpose of circumventing
jail rules;
k. Loitering or being in an unauthorized place;
l. Using the telephone without authority from the desk officer/warden;
m. Writing, defacing, or drawing on walls, floors or any furniture or equipment;
n. Withholding information, which may be inimical or prejudicial to the jail administration;
o. Possession of lewd or pornographic literature and/or photographs;
p. Absence from cell, brigade, place of work during headcount, or at any time without justifiable reason; and
q. Failure to turn over any implement/article/s issued after work detail.
3. GRAVE OFFENSES:
a. Making untruthful statements or lies in any official communication, transaction, or investigation;
b. Keeping or concealing keys or locks of places in the jail which are off-limits to inmates;
c. Giving gifts, selling, or bartering items with jail personnel;
d. Keeping in his/her possession money, jewelry, cellular phones or other communication devices and other
items classified as contraband under the rules;
e. Tattooing others or allowing him/her to be tattooed on any part of the body, or keeping any paraphernalia to
be used in tattooing;
f. Forcibly taking or extorting money from fellow inmates and visitors;
g. Punishing or inflicting injury or any harm upon himself/herself or other inmates;
h. Receiving, keeping, taking or drinking liquor and prohibited drugs;
i. Making, improvising or keeping any kind of deadly weapon;
j. Concealing or withholding information on plans of attempted escapes;
k. Unruly conduct and flagrant disregard for discipline and instructions;
l. Escaping, attempting or planning to escape from the institution or from any guard;
m. Helping, aiding or abetting others to escape;
n. Fighting, causing any disturbance or participating therein and/or agitating to cause such disturbance or riot;
o. Indecent, immoral or lascivious acts by himself/herself or others and/or allowing himself/herself to be the
subject of such indecent, immoral or lascivious acts;
p. Willful disobedience to a lawful order issued by any BJMP personnel;

q. Assaulting any BJMP personnel;
r. Damaging any government property or equipment;
s. Participating in kangaroo court, an unauthorized or irregular court conducted with disregard for or perversion
of legal procedures as a mock court by the inmates in a jail/prison;
t. Affiliating with any gang or faction whose main purpose is to foment regionalism or to segregate themselves
from others;
u. Failing to inform the authorities concerned when afflicted with any communicable disease, such as
tuberculosis, sexually-transmitted diseases, etc.;
v. Engaging in gambling or any game of chance;
w. Committing any act which violates any law or ordinance, in which case, he/she shall be prosecuted
criminally in accordance with law; and
x. Committing any act prejudicial to good order and discipline. Any personnel, especially warden, found to be
allowing and tolerating any violation mentioned above will be immediately relieved from his/her designation
without prejudice to his or her being administratively charged.
MODES AND GUIDELINES FOR RELEASE

The following modes and guidelines shall be observed when inmates are to be released from detention:
1. An inmate may be released through:
a. Service of sentence;
b. Order of the Court;
c. Parole;
d. Pardon; and
e. Amnesty.
2. Before an inmate is released, he/she shall be properly identified to ensure that he/she is the same person
received and is subject of release. His/her marks and fingerprints shall be verified with those taken when
he/she was received. Any changes or differences in his/her distinguishing marks and scars shall be
investigated to ascertain his/her real identity in order to prevent the mistaken release of another person;
3. No inmate shall be released on a mere verbal order or an order relayed via telephone. The release of an
inmate by reason of acquittal, dismissal of case, payment of fines and/or indemnity, or filing of bond, shall take
effect only upon receipt of the release order served by the court process server. The court order shall bear the
full name of the inmate, the crime he/she was charged with, the criminal case number and such other details
that will enable the officer in charge to properly identify the inmate to be released;
4. Upon proper verification from the court of the authenticity of the order, an inmate shall be released promptly
and without unreasonable delay;
5. Under proper receipt, all money earned, other valuables held and entrusted by the inmate upon admission,
shall be returned to him/her upon release; and
6. The released inmate shall be issued a certification of discharge from jail by the warden or his/her authorized
representative.
PROCEDURE ON RELEASING
The procedures shall be observed when inmates are to be released from detention.
1. Desk Officer Upon receipt of release order, the desk officer shall coordinate with the paralegal officer for
verification of the authenticity of said order.
2. Paralegal Officer Verifies the authenticity of the release order.
3. Records/Admin Officer
a. Starts processing inmate’s release.
b. Check’s inmate records to ensure that the data in the release order coincide with the data in the inmate’s

carpeta (spelling of name, offense, Criminal Case Number, etc.).
c. Checks that the inmate has no other pending case/s.
d. Routes the release paper to different signatories.
4. Property Custodian
1. Checks on the receipt of property and returns to the inmate his/her deposited items.
2. Makes sure that returned items of the inmate are duly received and properly recorded.
5. Desk Officer Records the release of inmate and the condition of the inmate upon his/her release.
6. Jail Warden Reports to concerned agencies/persons the release of inmate for aftercare program.
Upon release of the inmate, the warden shall notify the following agencies/persons:
1. Barangay Captain - mandatory
2. Priest or religious minister - mandatory
3. Family - if release is not witnessed by any member of immediate family
4. Court - in case of convicted inmate
TREATMENT OF INMATES WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

The United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners provides that “so far as possible,
separate institutions or separate sections of an institution shall be used for the treatment of the different
classes of prisoners”. The BJMP has adhered to this principle since its creation. However, the rise in criminality
in recent years, coupled with the passage of more stringent laws (especially for drug-related offenses) and the
adoption of better crime solution methods resulted in a marked increase in inmate population in BJMP
detention centers. The lack of funds to expand existing jails or to build new ones aggravates the situation. This
rule, therefore, provides guidance to wardens and jail officers treating unusual inmates or those with special
needs, given the limited resources.
BASIC POLICY - As a general rule, inmates with special needs should not be held in jails with other “regular”
inmates. For example, female inmates should be confined in institutions separate from those used for males,
and male youth offenders should not be mixed with adult offenders. However, given the reality relative to
budget constraints, increasing inmate population, insufficient facilities and inadequately equipped detention
homes, wardens and jail officers shall endeavor to provide the best arrangement they can make for such
inmates, in keeping with this rule. It is assumed that the inmates have been properly evaluated and classified
for this purpose.
HANDLING INMATES WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

The following guidelines shall be observed in handling inmates with special needs:
1. Female
a. The female dorm should be completely separated from the male dorm;
b. A female personnel shall be designated to keep the keys of the female dorms;
c. Only work suitable to their age and physical condition should be assigned to female inmates;
d. No male inmate shall be allowed to enter the female dorm;
e. Male personnel must provide female inmate with utmost privacy and respect for personal space;
f. No male jail personnel should be allowed to enter the female dorm except in emergency cases or when
necessary;
g. Searches shall be performed by female personnel trained in the conduct of appropriate searching methods,
shall be made in accordance with established rules, and shall be provided with privacy during the procedure;
h. Medical/physical examination shall be performed by female health personnel. In the absence of a female
health staff, the examination shall be performed by a male health personnel in the presence of a female staff;
and
i. Female inmates shall be provided with the opportunity to avail themselves of all programs and activities male
inmates are provided with.
2. Drug Users/Dependents/Alcoholics

a. Inmates found to be drug users/dependents/alcoholics should be segregated from other inmates, especially
during the withdrawal period;
b. Inmates undergoing drug/alcohol withdrawal must be referred to the jail psychiatrist, physician or nurse for
evaluation and management;
c. Appropriate measures should be taken to enable inmates to follow strictly the jail physician’s advice
regarding diet and other medical interventions/treatments during the withdrawal period;
d. Maintain close supervision over inmates to prevent attempts to commit suicide or self-mutilation by
designating a jail personnel trained to manage such cases; and
e. Conducts a regular search of the inmate’s dorm and maintain constant alertness to prevent the smuggling of
narcotics, liquors and other dangerous drugs.
3. Mentally-ill
a. Inmates manifesting signs and symptoms of mental illness must be referred to the jail psychiatrist for
evaluation and treatment;
b. Disturbed inmates (mentally-ill inmates) should be transferred to mental institutions for proper psychiatric
treatment upon the issuance of a court order;
c. Close supervision and medical management of mentally-ill inmates should be maintained by a jail medical
personnel;
d. Place the mentally-ill inmates in separate dorms or in a special restraint room provided for violent cases; and
e. Maintain close supervision over inmates to guard against suicidal attempts or violent attacks on others.
4. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) a. Segregate LGBTs to prevent their maltreatment and abuse
by other inmates and to prevent them from maltreating and abusing other inmates.
5. Sex Offenders a. Inmates charged with sexually-related crimes should be segregated to prevent them from
taking advantage of other inmates; and b. Maintain close supervision and control.
6. Suicidal Inmates
a. Inmates manifesting signs and symptoms of depression/suicidal tendency must be referred to the jail
psychiatrist for evaluation and management;
b. Inmate who attempts to commit or has attempted to commit suicide must be transferred to a government
psychiatric hospital immediately upon issuance of court order;
c. Maintain close supervision over suicidal inmates at all times and designate personnel trained to handle such
cases; and
d. Subject them to frequent strip/frisk searches, and greyhound operation for tools/materials that can be used
for suicide.
7. Sex Deviates
a. Homosexuals should be segregated immediately to prevent them from influencing other inmates or being
maltreated or abused by other inmates; and
b. Likewise, other sex deviates should be separated from other inmates for closer supervision and control.
8. Escape-Prone Inmates
a. Escape-prone inmates should be held in the most secure quarters, preferably in single-inmate cells, to
minimize their contact with one another;
b. Their conduct/behavior should be closely watched/observed during and after visiting hours and their
activities, closely monitored;
c. They should be frequently strip searched and their quarters frequently inspected;
d. Special attention should be given to the examination of items recovered from strip searches; and
e. Telephone calls must be restricted and only calls that can be monitored through an extension line shall be
allowed.
9. Inmates with Disability

a. Inmates with disability should be segregated and closely supervised to protect them from maltreatment and
any form of abuse by other inmates, personnel and visitors;
b. Individual case management and special activities should be developed and conducted to address distinct of
the inmates;
c. Collaboration with other government agencies should be done to ensure that disabled inmates are provided
with the services and benefits contemplated under the Magna Carta for disabled persons; and
d. Tasks related to self-care of inmates with disability shall be supervised and assisted to avoid potential self-
harm or accidents.
10. Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL) Pursuant to the RA 9344, CICL shall not be confined in jails.
Hence, serious efforts shall be exerted by Wardens to immediately transfer the custody of any CICL to a Youth
Detention Home or Youth Rehabilitation Center.
a. Upon admission, CICL shall be subjected to a thorough physical examination. The results of such
examination shall form part of the records of the case of the CICL;
b. Provide a separate detention cell for CICL;
c. Continuously coordinate with the Public Attorney’s Office (PAO) for the provision of paralegal assistance to
expedite CICL cases;
d. Continuous coordination and follow-up of CICL cases should be made facilitate the provision of appropriate
intervention programs by the DSWD;
e. The “Law on Proportionality" in the implementation of rehabilitation programs should be observed making
said rehabilitation programs distinct and different from those given to adult inmates;
f. Unless absolutely necessary, a child in conflict with law should not be handcuffed nor other instruments of
restraint applied on him/her, when he or she attends hearings or when he or she is brought to the hospital or is
transferred to other institutions;
g. The use of vulgar or profane words should be avoided in dealing CICL;
h. CICL should not be required to wear prison uniforms; and
i. Upon release from confinement, the records of the CICL shall be sealed, and at an appropriate time,
expunged.
11. Senior Citizen Inmates

a. Senior citizen inmates should be segregated and close supervised to protect them from maltreatment and
other forms of abuse by other inmates;
b. Individual case management strategies should be developed and adopted to respond to the special needs of
elderly inmates;
c. Collaboration with other government agencies and community-based senior citizen organizations should be
done to ensure that the services due the senior citizen inmates are provided; and
d. Senior citizen inmates should be made to do tasks deemed fit and appropriate, their age, capability, and
physical condition considered.
12. Infirm Inmates

a. Inmates with contagious diseases must be segregated to prevent the spread of said contagious diseases;
b. Infirm inmates should be referred to the jail physician or nurse for evaluation and management; and
c. Infirm inmates must be closely monitored and provide with appropriate medication and utmost care.
13. Pregnant Inmates/Female Inmates with Infants

a. Pregnant inmates must be referred to jail physician or nurse for pre-natal examination;
b. They should be given tasks that are deemed fit and proper, their physical limitations, considered;
c. During active labor, pregnant inmates should be transferred nearest government hospital;
d. Treatment of mother and her infant/s shall be in accordance with the BJMP Policy (Refer to DIWD Manual);
and
e. Female inmates with infants shall be provided with ample privacy during breastfeeding activity.

14. Inmates of Other Nationalities
a. The Warden shall report in writing to the Bureau of Immigration and the respective embassies of the
detained foreigners the following:
1) Name of Jail;
2) Name of Foreigner;
3) Nationality and the number of his/her Alien Certificate of Registration, if any;
4) Age/Sex;
5) Offense Charged;
6) Case Number;
7) Court/Branch;
8) Status of Case; and
9) Additional data information.
CUSTODY, SECURITY AND CONTROL, EMERGENCY PLANS, MOVEMENT AND TRANSFER OF

PRISONERS AND DETAINEES
Jail management and penology is concerned with the humane safekeeping and development of inmates.
Effective custody ensures that inmates are well secured in all areas of the detention facility and properly
escorted when attending their court hearings and other authorized/lawful destinations. This Rule focuses on
effective safekeeping.
CUSTODY, SECURITY AND CONTROL

A. Each jail shall, as much as practicable, maintain the following minimum standards with regard to security of
the facility:
1. An established security perimeter. In every jail, there shall be a defined, controlled security perimeter;
2. A secured office for personnel;
3. A secured visiting area for inmates’ visitors;
4. A secured multi-purpose area for inmates’ activities and an area for livelihood activities;
5. Armory and storage lockers for inmates’ valuable items and other equipment;
6. Operational closed-circuit televisions (CCTV) strategically mounted to monitor jail premises and all activities
therein;
7. A two-way communication system to be used by the officer of the day, supervisor, desk officer and other
personnel on duty; and
8. Equipment necessary to sustain operability of utilities, communications, security and fire protection
equipment at all times.
B. To ensure that minimum standards in security and control are maintained, the following policies, guidelines
and procedures shall be strictly implemented in all jail facilities:
1. Each newly admitted inmate shall be thoroughly searched for weapons and other contraband immediately
upon arrival in the facility;
2. All inmates must be searched thoroughly by the duty personnel whenever they enter or leave the security
areas;
3. Conduct surprise searches on inmates and inspection of their quarters and other areas accessible to
inmates at least once a week to detect and flush out contraband;
4. Maintain an updated written emergency operation plan such as but not limited to natural and man-made
calamities and other jail disturbances. These plans must be made known to and understood by jail personnel
through the conduct of regular dry runs;
5. Maintain a journal of activities, emergency situations and unusual incidents;
6. Maintain a key control center for storing keys that is inaccessible to inmates and unauthorized persons.
There shall be an accounting system for issuing and returning of keys. There shall be a reporting system for
documenting and repairing broken or malfunctioning keys or locks. Inmates shall be prohibited from handling
jail security keys;
7. There shall be one (1) full set of duplicate keys, secured in a place accessible only to jail personnel for use

in the event of an emergency. These keys shall be marked for easy identification during adverse conditions;
8. Continuous inspection and maintenance of all locks. Replace locks as often as possible and never allow
inmates to install locking system in the cell gates and to possess their own padlock for purposes of locking
themselves in their cells that will cause delay for personnel conducting regular cell search and inspection;
9. Maintain strict control of firearms such as, but not limited, to the following:
a. Never allow any personnel with firearms on areas of inmates and/or in any area intended for inmates’
activities;
b. Never allow inmates in the workplace of personnel or in areas where firearms are authorized; and
c. Secure firearms and anti-riot equipment in the armory located within easy reach of jail personnel in case of
emergencies but not accessible to inmates.
10. All firearms, ammunition, chemical agents, related security and emergency equipment must be inventoried
and tested at least quarterly to determine their condition and expiration dates, as the case may be. This shall
include regular inspection of fire extinguishers and other detection and suppression systems available;
11. All tools, toxic, corrosive and flammable substances and other potentially dangerous supplies and
equipment shall be stored in a locked area which is secure and located outside the inmate’s area. Tools,
supplies and equipment which are particularly hazardous shall be used by inmates only under direct
supervision;
12. Conduct daily inspections of all security facilities (i.e. closed circuit televisions, ceilings, window grills, iron
bars, etc.) and document all findings. Any tampering or defects detected must be reported in writing to proper
authority for immediate action;
13. Regular conduct of "guard mounting" for all "incoming duty" of the Custodial Unit and for the members of
Escort Unit before their assumption of duty to remind and update them of the policies/guidelines pertaining to
security and control;
14. Conduct regular count of inmates at least five to six (5-6) times within a 24-hour period and strictly
implement the established procedures in counting inmates (See Section 35). Personnel conducting the count
shall record the result;
15. Prohibit inmate’s visitor to stay inside jail premises beyond authorized visiting period regardless of any
reasons; (Refer to ANNEX “B”)
16. Inmates shall be supervised at all times whenever they are outside their cells;
17. Never allow any personnel under the influence of intoxicating beverage to enter the jail facility or to perform
an official duty;
18. Carefully select the inmates to be utilized as jail aide and maintain rigid control over their activities. Never
allow inmate to be utilized for any janitorial services at jail offices, restricted areas, and/or for errands outside
the jail premises. In no case shall an inmate be allowed to perform clerical duties or to have access to
personnel files and other official documents;
19. Never allow a jail officer to render successive shifts of duty except in cases of emergencies;
20. Never allow jail personnel to open inmate’s quarters alone. At least one (1) other jail officer should be
present and guarding the gate;
21. Inmates should be taken out of jail only upon written order of the Court;
22. Ensure that all vehicles and persons entering the jail premises are properly searched in accordance with
the existing policies/procedures;
23. Regularly inspect and check the availability of emergency lights and other emergency equipment and
ensure that each personnel rendering night shift duties has one (1) flashlight, nightstick/baton and whistle; and
24. As regard the use of force:
a. Use of force shall be limited to instances of justifiable self-defense, prevention of self-inflicted harm,
protection of others, prevention of riot, commission of a crime, escape or other jail disturbance and to
controlling or subduing an inmate who refuses to obey a lawful command or order;
b. Use of force shall be limited to the amount of force necessary to control a given situation and shall include a
continuum of escalating force levels;
c. An examination and/or treatment by health personnel shall be provided to prisoners or staff involved in a use
of force incident when there is obvious physical injury or there is a complaint of injury or request for medical

attention; and
d. Use of force incidents shall be recorded and reviewed by the Warden.
INMATES COUNT - It is imperative that at specified times during each 24-hour period, all inmates are
physically counted. For this type of count, the general procedures are as follows:
a. Count each inmate physically at specified times or as necessary;
b. During the count, ensure that all movements of inmates are stopped until the count is completed;
c. The count must be accurate. Make a positive verification to ascertain that the inmates are physically present.
Refrain from conducting a count on the basis of only having seen any part of his clothing, hair or shoes
d. Submit a report of each count of a group of inmates to the warden and/or assistant warden (officer of the
day); and
e. If the total jail count does not tally with the total jail population at any given time, conduct another count.
Render an immediate report to the warden and/or assistant warden (officer of the day) relative to any
unaccounted inmate.
SECURITY PROCEDURES DURING MEAL SERVICE - Security must be considered in serving food inside
the cells/quarters. A jail officer should not enter the inmates’ quarters to distribute food unless another officer is
available to handle the keys and control the entrance door.
DINING ROOM SECURITY - For jail facilities that have separate dining or mess halls, the following shall be
observed:
a. As a general precaution, individual mess utensils of inmates shall be made of plastic;
b. When dining rooms are provided, the inmates should march in columns of two’s along designated routes
under the supervision of jail personnel. Other officials to direct the orderly movement of inmates to and from
the mess hall must be stationed along the routes;
c. Designate a roving supervisor to handle any disturbances or settle complaints;
d. After every meal, all utensils used by the inmates should be collected. Jail personnel should strictly
supervise this to ensure that no utensils are brought out the dining room; and
e. Check and account for all forks, spoons and other kitchen utensils after every meal.
MAIL SERVICES AND CENSORSHIP - Mail service shall be provided to all inmates provided that all outgoing
and incoming mail matters are passed through a designated Censor Officer in order to intercept any
contraband or illegal articles and any information affecting the security of the jail. The following procedures
should be strictly observed when censoring mail:
a. There shall be no limitation on the amount of incoming or outgoing mail or correspondence when the
inmates are responsible for the cost/s of postage;
b. Incoming inmates’ mail, correspondence and packages shall be opened and inspected to intercept cash,
checks, money orders and contraband. The censor officer shall observe the documentary procedures in
disposing of intercepted items;
c. Legal mail or correspondence shall be opened and inspected in the presence of the inmate to intercept
contraband;
d. Mails shall not be distributed to the inmates until the censors have examined them. Mail shall only be
opened and searched by qualified, trained and authorized jail personnel in the presence of inmate addressee;
e. Any currency, checks or money found in the letter should be turned over to the Trust Officer/Property
Custodian. The receiving officer should indicate the amount received on a "receipt form" in duplicate. The
original receipt signed by the receiving officer should be kept for the record and the duplicate copy should be
given to the inmate;
f. Carefully examine all greeting cards and collect fillers of any kind found therein for laboratory examination;
g. Photographs that are clearly within the scope of jail regulations should be marked on the opposite side and
placed in the envelope;
h. Bring to the warden’s attention any item or correspondence or enclosure that does not conform to
regulations or are detrimental to security, order and discipline of the jail;

i. In the censoring of mails, prison slang, unusual nicknames, and sentences with double meanings should be
carefully studied and analyzed to determine the real meanings;
j. Refer to the warden all letters containing statements concerning the security or reputation of the jail, like
attempts to escape or smuggling/trafficking of contraband, and statements that may affect existing rules and
policies;
k. All letters passing through the scrutiny standards of the censors should bear the censor’s stamp at the top of
each page and on the envelope. The letter should be placed back in the same envelope, resealed and given to
the inmate;
l. A listing of mail for inmates should be properly kept and form part of the records of the jail;
m. Do not discuss the contents of inmates’ mail with other jail personnel, except for official purposes;
n. The inmate sending out any mail matter shall open his mail/package and have it read and inspected by the
designated censor officer, if the mail is clear for dispatch, the inmate shall close and seal the mail and place
the same in the outgoing mail box;
o. If the outgoing or incoming mail has contraband or harmful information, such matter shall be registered as
violation of jail rules and regulations and should be brought before the Disciplinary Board for immediate
adjudication;
p. The designated jail staff shall collect the inmates’ mail matters on a daily basis, Monday through Friday;
q. Inmate’s letters or any other mail matter shall be sent as registered, certified, "stamped" or marked "via
special delivery" if he or she so desires at his or expense. The letters will be processed in accordance with the
procedures in handling mails; and
r. An inmate under disciplinary segregation shall be allowed full correspondence privileges, unless his or her
misconduct involves a serious violation of correspondence regulations.
MOVEMENT/TRANSFER OF INMATES - Prisoners or detainees may be moved or transferred safely and

humanely by trained personnel who shall adopt the necessary level of security, supervision, and control to
ensure public safety under specific circumstances outlined below:
A. Subject to the conditions set forth in the succeeding sections and by virtue of an appropriate court order, an
inmate may be brought out of jail under any of the following instances:
1. To appear, as witness before any court of justice or prosecutor’s office during preliminary investigation,
arraignment or hearing of a criminal case;
2. To appear as witness in any investigation or formal inquiry being conducted by a government agency;
3. To view the remains of a deceased relative within the second degree of affinity or consanguinity; and
4. To undergo medical examination or treatment in a hospital or clinic.
B. An inmate may be transferred to another institution only upon specific order of the court having jurisdiction
over him/her, except in cases of serious illness where hospitalization is necessary, and the inmate has to be
immediately taken to the nearest hospital upon recommendation of the health officer. In this case, the jail
warden, or in his/her absence, the officer in-charge, shall immediately notify the regional director and the court
concerned within six (6) hours after the inmate is brought to the hospital or within six (6) hours from the first
hour of the following day (BJMP Revised Policy on Hospitalization and Death of Inmates dated 29 July 2010);
C. In the case of inmates classified as high-risk/high-profile and detained in small and remote jail facilities or in
jails not considered as high security facility, their transfer to a better secured jail shall be effected provided a
prior request is made from the executive judge who has administrative supervision over the court in the place
where the jail in which the inmate is detained for his/her immediate action, approval and notification to the
court’s Presiding Judge (See ANNEX “C” - Supreme Court Administrative Circular Nr 68-2005);
D. In any emergency like riot or other jail disturbance that happens on a weekend and when the immediate
transfer to other BJMP-manned jails of inmates involved is necessary to ensure the safety of other inmates and
security of the jail, the warden, under such compelling situation, can recommend to the regional director,
verbally or in writing, their immediate transfer to another jail, provided that, on the first hour of the following
working day, the court concerned must be informed of the said transfer and a commitment order must be
issued, otherwise, the return of the transferred inmates is imperative. Provided, however, that those inmates

who instigated and led, and those involved in the disturbance or violence, disruptive and/or riotous actions so
created shall be classified as high-risk detainees and shall be immediately transferred to a more secured
facility in accordance with the immediately preceding paragraph;
E. The same classification shall be applied to inmates who

(a) have escaped, attempted to escape or committed acts to facilitate an escape from custody;
(b) demonstrated physically or sexually assaultive behavior resulting in either attempt to sexually assault any
person, serious physical injury or death of any person;
(c) assaulted or attempted to assault another with a deadly weapon;
(d) compelled or attempted to compel another to perform sexual acts, engage in sexual conduct or sexual
contact, or submit to sexual contact all by means of force or threat of force; or
(e) compelled or coerced another, by force or threat of serious physical harm or death, to provide anything of
value, to perform any act, or to violate any statute or jail rule;
F. Inmates who wish to view the remains of a deceased relative within the second degree of consanguinity or
affinity and whose motion for that purpose was approved by the court as proven by a valid court order issued
to the warden shall be required to submit a written request to the warden at least three (3) days before the date
of viewing and which request should be accompanied by the following documents:
1. Death Certificate of the deceased relative duly certified by the attending physician or local civil registrar;
2. The appropriate certificate as indicated after the name of the deceased relative, to wit:
a. Spouse - marriage contract;
b. Children - birth certificates of the deceased child and marriage certificate of the inmate and his/her spouse;
c. Father or Mother - birth certificates of the inmate and his/her deceased parent;
d. Brother or Sister - birth certificates of the inmate and his/her deceased sibling;
e. Grandparent - birth certificates of the inmate and his/her parent who is the child of the deceased
grandparent; and
f. Grandchild - birth certificates of the inmate and his/her child who is the parent of the deceased grandchild.3.
Sketch map of the place where the remains lie in state.
G. Immediately upon receipt of the court order, and with the inmate's written request yet to be submitted, the
warden shall order the Jail intelligence unit to conduct reconnaissance operation in the area where the remains
of the deceased still lie in state, to assess any threat against the inmate and/or his/her security escorts, to
locate the place of burial, and to conduct route survey to establish a safer and better route for the escorts;
H. In case of Muslim inmates, it shall be ascertained whether the date indicated in the Court Order for the
inmate or inmates to view the remains their deceased relative/s within twenty-four (24) hours from the time of
the death of his or her/their relatives. This is view of Muslim customs and traditions, providing among others
burying the dead within twenty-four (24) hours after death.
I. The warden shall timely oppose the request and timely notify the court of his or her inability to comply with
the order allowing the inmate to be escorted out of the jail to view the remains of a deceased relative in any of
the following cases:
1. The deceased relative is lying-in-state in a place beyond thirty-kilometer radius from the jail or, in any case,
where the inmate cannot return to said place during daylight hours;
2. The inmate has a record of escape or attempted escape;
3. The inmate has two (2) or more pending criminal cases or is a material witness in a pending criminal case;
4. The inmate is classified as high risk, high profile, high value or violent extremist offender;
5. The inmate cannot be assured of his safety and security, or his escape is highly possible; and
6. There is an intelligence report that the inmate will escape or will be rescued.
J. If approved, the inmate shall not be allowed to stay more than three (3) hours in the place where the remains
of the deceased relative lie in state. Further, in no case shall the inmate be allowed to join the funeral cortege.

COOPERATION AND COORDINATION AMONG JAIL WARDENS REGARDING TEMPORARY TRANSFER
OF INMATE
Jail Wardens must agree on the use of facilities for the temporary detention of an inmate from other localities
before, during and after trial. Warden who shall effect the movement/transfer of an inmate shall shoulder all the
expenses for transportation and other incidental expenses of the same while confined in other jails. The
classification standards of the BJMP such as to the inmate’s age, gender, or those with special needs, among
others, shall be observed while he/she is in temporary detention.
RULES TO BE FOLLOWED WHEN TRANSPORTING INMATES

When moving/transporting inmates, the following shall be observed:
A. General Precautions
1. Jail personnel shall not discuss with the inmate the transportation plans, schedules or equipment to be used
/ adopted;
2. Inmates shall be notified of a trip only prior to the departure and shall not be allowed to make any phone call;
3. Prior to movement/transport, all escort personnel shall be given detailed instructions on their respective
duties and responsibilities;
4. Whenever possible, transfer shall only be made during daytime;
5. Long distance transport of one (1) or more inmates shall be escorted by a minimum of three (3) escort
personnel and a back-up vehicle, if available;
6. If possible, personnel from Jail Intelligence Unit shall serve covert security by serving as advance party of
the convoy and shall conduct road scanning of the agreed route to detect any threat to the inmate and his/her
escorts while en route. Being familiar with the area, the local intelligence unit of the nearest jail facility in the
place of destination shall also assist in long distance transport of inmates by way of conducting
reconnaissance operation prior to the scheduled arrival to determine any unusual activities in the area which
may affect the safe and secure transport of the inmate;
7. The most direct and shortest route to the destination shall be taken and no deviation shall be allowed except
when security consideration requires otherwise;
8. Using rented vehicle shall not be allowed when transporting inmates;
9. Team leader of the escort personnel must be equipped with a two-way radio and/or a mobile phone;
10. Inmates under escort shall always be under the watchful eye of the escort personnel. While in transit, the
personnel shall stay close enough to the inmate to be able to respond effectively in case of emergency. If on
board a prisoner’s van, escort personnel shall not seat inside the van but shall instead strategically position
himself or herself in the escort seat;
11. While en route, escort personnel shall ensure that the sliding bolt lock of the back door of the van carrying
the inmates is properly locked, observe people and vehicles getting near their vehicle, and remain prepared for
any eventuality;
12. Escort personnel shall observe and follow the established guidelines in escorting high-risk/high-profile and
VEO’s inmates;
13. Escort personnel shall be the first ones to disembark from the vehicle and shall position in a safe distance
to ensure clear vision of disembarking inmates. However, when boarding the vehicle, it should be the inmate
who shall first board the vehicle;
14. Escort personnel are justified in using deadly force to protect themselves and/or the inmate/s from ambush
or any deadly attack while in transport;
15. In case of an accident while en route, escort personnel shall secure and observe the inmates inside the
vehicle, let them stay inside the vehicle as much as possible. Apply first aid to injured inmates when
necessary, while waiting for law enforcement and emergency assistance. The chief escort shall also be
informed about the incident and be updated of the development in the situation;
16. In the event that radio or mobile phone communication is not possible, escort personnel may flag down any
motorist, identify themselves and ask the motorist to notify the nearest law enforcement agency for assistance;
BJMP
17. In the case of minor serious vehicular problem that can be repaired on the spot, escort personnel shall

secure and observe inmates who shall remain inside the vehicle to the extent possible;
18. Maximum security measure shall be observed at all times in providing escort to high risk, high profile
inmates and VEO’s following the ratio of one is to one plus one escort supervisor;
19. The driver shall not leave the vehicle while in court or other authorized destination and be watchful of any
suspicious individual;
20. To avoid unnecessary stops while in transit, inmates should have relieved themselves from personal
necessity; and
21. The following basic security precautions shall be observed during transport of inmates:
a. Do not allow inmates to tinker with the handcuff;
b. Regard all inmates being transported as extremely dangerous;
c. Adjust the cuffs properly for tightness to avoid the need of adjustment while en route and observe proper
placement of handcuff which is either right to right or left to left. High risk/ high profile inmates and VEO’s must
be handcuffed at the back;
d. The escort shall always be on guard for any possible attack or ambush;
e. Escort personnel shall be extra careful not to sit, stand or walk next to an inmate while carrying a gun to
avoid being grabbed by the inmate;
f. Stopping along the highway while in transit is highly discouraged;
g. Keep inmates inside the vehicle except when necessary;
h. Thoroughly inspect restraint equipment for proper function and damage, and make a thorough body search
before placing the equipment on an inmate and before removing an inmate from a holding area;
i. Keep inmates in sight at all times;
j. While in court premises, firearms shall be unloaded. However, when escorting the inmate to and from the
vehicle, the same shall be properly loaded with ammunitions;
k. Exercise good judgment as unexpected events not covered by policy or procedure may occur on any
transport. If in doubt, secure the inmate in a local law enforcement/jail facility and call the chief escort or officer
of the day for direction;
l. Never stop for a disabled motorist or road mishap while transporting inmates but notify local enforcement unit
or the highway patrol regarding the incident;
m. Avoid interfering with road incidences such as but not limited to robbery in progress while transporting
inmates unless it poses imminent threat against the inmate, escort personnel or the public and if the same so
occurs, the immediate evacuation of the inmate from the area shall be primarily considered. In no case shall
the inmate and the vehicle be left unattended;
n. In case of involvement in a road accident and no traffic authority is present or cannot arrive in a shortest
possible time, the position of the vehicles and the damage incurred including skid mark, if any, shall be
immediately photographed or sketched and before leaving, provide the driver of the other party a contact
number of the jail. Once the inmate was returned to the jail, immediately coordinate with the traffic authorities
having jurisdiction in the place of incident;
o. Secure inmates who damaged restraints, other equipment or vehicles and report rule infraction;
p. Turn in vehicle inspection slip to the supply officer noting any vehicle deficiency or problem upon conclusion
of each transport; and
q. Turn in or check in all inmates, property/equipment and the necessary documents to the concerned offices.
B. Chief Escort
1. Coordinates with the records section chief and determines the number and names of inmates scheduled for
court hearing as well as their respective destinations as approved by the warden;
2. Conducts guard mounting and accounting of the members of escort unit and carefully inspects their service
firearms including other equipment to be used;
3. Coordinates with the custodial unit the list of inmates scheduled for court hearing and assumes responsibility
over them after they are properly accounted for and turned over by the custodial unit;
4. Records in the Jail Blotter the purpose, date, time, branch of court and other destination of each
movement/transfer of inmates. Maintain a logbook or database for Escort Unit indicating there in the same data
to include the date and time of arrival as well as the occurrence of untoward incident, if any, as well as the

observation of any unusual movement of inmates and other people en route;
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF BJMP PERSONNEL IN THE FRONTLINE SERVICE

The following are the specific duties and responsibilities of personnel assigned in a particular jail:
I. Jail Warden
1. The jail warden generally exercises supervision and control over all personnel in the jail unit and the inmates
in all matters related to the following:
a. Proper implementation of legal orders, rules and regulations and directives on jail operation and
administration;
b. Administration of sanctions and other disciplinary actions on inmates and reporting to higher authority those
personnel under his command who willfully disobey lawful order and commit any infraction of law; and
c. Conduct of greyhound operations and inspections of jail facilities and premises.
2. Looks after the welfare of his men through awards, commendations and the like:
a. Leads and enforces a high standard of discipline among his personnel;
b. Endeavors to promote personal and professional growth of subordinates;
c. Observes fairness and impartiality in dealing with personnel and inmates; and d. Always upholds human
rights and observes the code of conduct.
3. Assumes responsibility for the formulation and implementation of emergency plans to preclude occurrence
of jail incidents and disturbances. He shall act as adviser to the PA as regard the implementation of plans,
programs and policies of the Jail Bureau;
4. Delegates work activities to his subordinates and ensures their accomplishment through effective monitoring
system;
5. Ensures proper use and maintenance of equipment;
6. Coordinates with GOs or NGOs and/or the media groups;
7. Acts on other matters as his PA and/or RD may direct;
8. Submits spot reports, if necessary, to higher offices;
9. Turnover duties and responsibilities including supplies, logistical funds, organic equipment, records,
paraphernalia, books and magazines to the incoming jail warden upon relief or such needed records, supplies
and equipment to his designated OIC during his absence; and
10. Performs such other functions as higher offices may direct.
II. Assistant Warden

1. Assumes the duties and responsibilities appurtenant to the warden in the latter’s absence;
2. Assists the jail warden in the implementation of plans, programs and policies of the Jail Bureau;
3. Assists the jail warden in the supervision and monitoring of various projects, programs and policies of the
Jail Unit;
4. Assists the jail warden in the over-all management of the jail unit; and
5. Acts as chairman of the inmate’s disciplinary machinery.
III. Human Resource Management Officer (HRMO)

1. Supervises the implementation of administrative policies relative to the proper wearing of uniform,
attendance and participation in jail functions;
2. Implements programs for welfare development and uplift of morale and discipline; Prepares the necessary
reports for submission to PA and the Regional Office;
4. Shall be responsible in the safekeeping of administrative and personnel records or 201 files;
5. Prepares office orders, details and disposition of personnel, memoranda, administrative issuances and other
communications as instructed;

6. Programs activities to jail information and education, trainings and seminars, and sports development;
7. Evaluates the performance of each personnel; and
8. Coordinates with NGOs/LGUs as regard personnel development trainings.
IV. Custodial Unit

A. CUSTODIAL PROCEDURES
1. Custodial function is a highly sensitive and delicate job that requires personnel specialization, prowess, and
keen knowledge of the job and of the hazards involved.
2. It also requires personnel mental stability and physical attributes needed to perform at optimum level.
3. Incidents of escapes due to custodial lapses, however, cannot be attributed solely to the absence of the
factors mentioned earlier.
4. These may boil down to laxity, lack of self-discipline, and lack of dedication to sworn to job on the part of the
personnel concerned.
5. It is a must that both dedication to the job and discipline be inculcated in the hearts and minds of all
personnel.
6. These can be done thru regular meeting, PI& E and other ways to remind personnel the essence of being a
jail officers, the nature of the job they have chosen, the things expected of them.
7. Custodial function therefore is not merely seeing to it that the personnel is/are physically present or existent.
8. More importantly, it refers to the personnel's conscious efforts ensure the prevention of any untoward
incidents that would tarnish the image of the Jail Bureau and/or, and the prevention of destruction to
lives and properties.
9. Custodial function is never easy. It involves an intrinsically great responsibilities, such as but not limited to,
strict adherence to rules, regulations, SOP’s, and memoranda, etc. by all concerned. However, it can be made
a hobby, notwithstanding the temptations, hardships and dangers entwined with it. The foregoing considered, a
warden is required to be present on a 24/7 basis to supervise personnel and direct the operations of his or her
jail unit. Chaos, untoward incidents, and unsound subordinates' decisions often result from the
absence of an officer particularly during emergencies.
B. RULES AND SOP’S

1. Generally, all personnel should be equipped and clothed with BJMP CORE Values;
2. Custodial personnel shall render the maximum of 8 hours of operational tour-of-duty daily;
3. No personnel shall render less than 50 hours of official tour-of-duty weekly;
4. No personnel shall be allowed 1-day duty with 2-days off; or 2-day-duty with 3-day-off; or weekly straight
duty, especially in far flung jail units;
5. No personnel shall be permitted, allowed or authorized by the warden to act as his personal body guard or
as Intel officer without approval by higher headquarters. The designation of personnel as personal body guard
or intel officer of the warden, if any, shall be covered by a "Letter Order" and not by a "unit office order only;
6. In-coming duty custodial shall be present 30 minutes before the turn-over to pave the way for “guard
mounting activity;"
7. No personnel shall leave his/her post unless properly relieved. All out-going personnel shall wait for his/her
reliever and the completion of the turn-over before going out;
8. Before the accounting of inmates, greyhound should be conducted, if necessary. Facility check shall be
religiously done. This includes thorough inventory of firearms for fire power, check of vans for mobility, grills,
padlocks, restraining devices, gates and walls to ensure safety and prevent possible escapes by inmates;

9. During the accounting of inmates both in-coming and out-going shift supervisors and all members of the in-
coming custodial personnel shall personally account the inmates;
10. Accounting of inmates shall be done at least 6 times in a day. No personnel shall carry his gun while in the
designated “No Firearm” Zone inside the jail facility. No personnel shall enter the jail building unless
accompanied by his buddy;
11. It is a must for the in-coming desk officer to check "previous entries" in the Logbook as some important
details or information might have been forgotten by the out-going desk officer to relay to the in-coming team;
12. Personnel manning designated post shall stay in his/her post for the most of their 8-hour tour-of-duty. Only
when he/she has to relieve himself that he/she is allowed to leave his post but shall return immediately;
13. Personnel shall be vigilant at all times. No personnel take a nap or sleep while on his/her post especially
during 3rd shift duties or during unholy hours;
14. Shift supervisor shall conduct hourly inspection to ensure all duty personnel are intact, present and alert in
their designated post. He shall likewise ensure that no personnel are using cell phone, tablet, i-pads or any
gadgets that can disrupt their attention while on tour-of-duty;
15. Personnel assigned at the main gate of the facility shall be professionally strict and firm, keen observer of
the surrounding and shall open the gate only when safety is sure. They should see to it visitors allowed to enter
or to go out the jail are properly frisked or inspected and accounted. They or he/she shall not by themselves or
himself/herself deal with the media by but they or he/she shall inform the warden or any authorized officer in
the absence of the warden, for proper action/disposition. They or he/she must ensure that no inmate shall
escape at the gate and no enemy and/or unauthorized person shall enter;
16. Cell control personnel must not allow any inmate to go out except during IWD activities authorized by the
warden. He shall personally open the cell gates or cells accompanied by other personnel;
17. Roving guard-personnel shall from time to time inspect the facility building, walls, grills, and surroundings.
They shall assist the IWD personnel during activities of inmates outside cell;
18. Female searchers shall religiously implement strip searches of visitors suspected to be couriers of
contrabands but shall adhere to existing memos and SOP’s as regards the process;
19. Searchers shall be witty and resourceful in searching for contrabands as they are cleverly stashed in
unassuming items such as in chocolates, toothpastes tubes, bath soaps, sole of sandals or shoes, etc;
20. Searchers shall exercise courtesy to visitors but must be firm in decision making as regards his/her duty as
searcher. Any item he/she has deemed suspicious shall be disallowed to be brought inside the facility;
21. During visitation of inmates, the shift-in-charge shall assist the cell control officer who personally
supervises and control the exit of inmates from the cell building ensuring that only those who called are
allowed to go out;
22. Establishes Intel inmate operatives/assets for better monitoring of events or happenings inside cells.
Counter Intel operations to verify and evaluate gathered information shall be launched accordingly.
23. Practice of and adhere to Jail Officers “COMMON SENSE” and “OPLAN GREYHOUND” are musts all the
among jail officers;
24. Never TRUST inmate. ZERO escape is everybody’s business; and
25. To secure IWD programs and activities and closely monitor them, close coordination between the IWD unit
officer and the chief security and custodial unit officer is highly necessary. The notion that IWD programs
and activities weaken the security is immaterial.
C. SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS
1. Officer-of-the-Day (OD)/ Chief Custodial Unit:
a. Assists, advises and recommends to the warden plans or strategies regarding jail situation, personnel
deployment and activities to be undertaken inside the jail facility;
b. Monitors in-coming communications from higher offices, courts, LGU’s, and other offices;

c. Screens and checks all out-going communications;
d. Inspects on-duty custodial and escort personnel;
e. Fully supervises over personnel conducting IWD activities inside the jail facility;
f. Imposes and implements “No Cell Phone Use, Smoking, Gambling and Drinking” by personnel while on
operational Tour-of-Duty;
g. Strictly imposes the “No smoking, drinking and gambling” policy inside jail;
h. Recommends to the warden the formulation of OPLANs and assists him during dry runs of the same;
i. Acts as Officer-in-Charge when the warden is on leave or on official business;
j. Performs other duties and functions as higher headquarter or the warden may direct;
k. Assists the higher authority in the proper implementation of policies, SOP’s, rules and regulations pertaining
to jail security;
l. Supervises and monitors the conduct of custodial unit personnel as they perform duties; and
m. Prepares and submits to higher authorities necessary report/s to pertaining to jail security and the conduct
of custodial unit personnel.
2. Shift/Duty Supervisor:
a. Acts as model to his subordinates and emphasizes the promptness and punctuality, cooperation, 100%
attendance of his team members;
b. Spearheads the proper conduct of guard mounting before the actual assumption of operational tour-of-duty;
c. Reminds his men about decency, dedication, professionalism and positive attitude towards work;
d. Relays information to the officer-of-the-day, assistant warden and warden about any abnormal occurrence/s
during the operational tur-of-duty;
e. Assists his team members in any situation/s that calls/call for his official intervention as senior NCJO;
f. Assists the assistant warden and the warden in the formulation of OPLAN and during the conduct of dry runs;
g. Assists in the supervision of personnel during the conduct of IWD activities inside the jail facility;
h. Shall be responsible for the discipline of his immediate subordinates; and
i. Performs other duties and functions as the warden may direct.
3. Desk Officer:
a. Observes strictly proper recording and entry of activities in the logbook and records comprehensively and
legibly all entries of events and activities in jail;
b. Accounts duty personnel before guard mounting;
c. Properly maintains the logbook and preserves all entries made;
d. Thoroughly checks entries in the logbook and notifies the out-going desk officer about any discrepancy of
entry in the logbook;
e. Asks the out-going desk officer about any unrecorded event or about event/s the out-going desk officer
failed to record in the official logbook;
f. Double checks the actual number of inmates recorded in the logbook before proceeding to official headcount
of inmates;
g. Records in the logbook the actual number of inmates accounted during the headcount;
h. Records all vehicles, individuals, calls or letters coming in and going out the jail facility;
i. Carefully checks and personally accounts for the names of inmates due for court hearing and does the same
checking, accounting and identification of the inmates upon their return from the court;
j. Assists the gate guard when the latter opens or closes the gate and assists also in the identification of out-
going visitors after visiting hours;
k. Disseminates to all individuals concerned all instructions received from the jail warden and higher
authorities;
l. Courteously receives incoming telephone calls, letters, mails, and other items requiring appropriate action or
disposition;

m. Serves as the information officer of the unit;
n. Records daily activities in the journal including special events, occasions, activities of personnel and
inmates, VIP arrivals and unusual occurrences during the tour of duty;
o. Maintains the posting/publication of letter/special orders and other
"disseminations" in the bulletin board such as lost and found items, wanted persons, etc;
p. Safe keeps and maintains a separate logbook for visitors;
q. Informs the warden about any infraction/violation made by the inmate/s while in custody for appropriate
investigation and disposition by the jail warden or the disciplinary board;
r. Acts as control officer by sounding the alarm in case of escape or jail disturbances; hence, alerting the
personnel on duty including those not on duty; and receives emergency instructions from the most senior
officer on post or from the jail warden upon his arrival;
s. Coordinates with other agencies/friendly forces in case of jail disturbances, such as riot, escape, fire, etc;
t. Spearheads the headcount of inmates before the assumption of their tour of duty;
u. Assigns custodial unit members to different post and monitors them regularly;
v. Ensures the implementation of the Do’s and Don’ts in the security, control and custody of inmates;
w. Prepares and submits necessary reports to higher authorities;
x. Supervises the proper use of water and lighting facilities in jail in the absence of the personnel in-charge;
y. Books the newly committed inmate in the jail blotter and assigns the inmate to a reception area, if any;
z. Ensures the conduct of search on newly admitted inmates and inmates returned by escort unit before
allowing them to return to their respective cell;
aa. Maintains a system of key control, which shall include accurate listing and receiving of all keys and
prohibiting inmates from handling keys or scrutinizing them;
bb Personally accounts for all keys before and after assumption of duty to determine whether all keys are still
intact;
cc. Ensures that keys to all emergency exits, cells, brigades, and stage places of fire-fighting equipment are
made available when needed;
dd. Adheres to the Eleven General Orders; and
ee. Performs such other functions as higher authorities may direct
4. Gate Supervisor:
a. Supervises/monitors the conduct of searchers and other duty personnel at the gate;
b. Ensures that the duty personnel at the gate are always courteous/polite to visitors;
c. Ensures strict implementation of the SOP on the conduct of body searches on jail visitors and inspection of
their belongings, and disallows visitor who refuses to be searched to enter the jail
facility;
d. Is responsible for the temporary safekeeping of firearms and other properties not allowed inside jail facility
and brought by organic and non-organic personnel and other law enforcement personnel;
e. Supervises the inspection of all vehicles that pass through the gate, and makes sure that all trips of official
bureau van are for "official business" only;
f. Records activities/events at the gate;
g. Reports to proper authority any unusual incident in his AOR; and
h. Performs such other functions as higher authorities may direct;
5. Main Gate JNCO:

a. The main gate shall function as primary check point where anybody or material shall be subjected to rigid
inspection before he/she or it be allowed entry into the facility;
b. Must be alert, vigilant and keen observer at all times must not carry long firearm;
c. Must open the main gate only when necessary must keep the same securely locked at all times;

d. Must ensure that hinges and padlocks are fully operational; d. Must observe safety procedures by ensuring
no inmate shall stay near the gate at any time must not to talk to anyone except in line of duty;
f. Must ask who is at the gate, request for identification, ask the purpose of the visit and name of inmate he/she
intends to visit, and verify through the gate's peephole whether or not it’s already safe to open the gate;
g. Informs the desk officer or any personnel about his decision to open the gate and thereafter requests for
their assistance;
h. Upon entry of visitor/s, the gate must be closed immediately and double checking of the padlock must be
done to ensure that it is properly locked;
i. Must advise non-organic personnel, friendly forces to deposit their firearms before entering the facility;
j. No inmate shall be allowed near the main gate;
k. Ensures that no inmate shall escape through the gate;
l. Religiously adheres to the eleven (11) general orders during the tour of duty.
m. Requires/verifies ID, and checks individuals coming in and out the facility;
n. Counterchecks entrance stamp/security marks of visitors leaving the jail premises;
o. Strictly implements policies/guidelines pertaining to gate security and control;
p. Thoroughly inspects all vehicles that enters and leaves the jail facility;
q. Immediately reports to the higher authority any unusual circumstances during the tour of duty;
r. Counterchecks the list of inmates going outside the jail facility for legal purposes; and
s. Performs such other functions as higher authorities may direct.
6. Secondary Gate Guard:

a. The secondary gate shall function as final check point before anybody or anything shall be allowed entry the
heart of the facility;
b. Must conduct physical and ocular inspection of all persons or vehicles allowed entry through the main gate;
c. Must advice non-organic personnel, friendly forces or civilians to deposit their belongings such as cell
phones, video or camera and other gadgets not authorized inside the facility;
d. Must inspect the van thoroughly and account inmates due for Court hearing before opening the secondary
gate;
e. Must inspect the van and inmates on their return from the Court before allowing their entry; and
f. Must conduct thorough and proper inspection of all vehicles going out of the facility and of all persons
passing his post.
7. Main Cell Gate Control JNCO:
a. The main cell gate JNCO shall function as main check point before any inmate shall be allowed to go
outside;
b. Must not carry firearm while on TOD;
c. Must never leave his post unless he or she is going to relieve himself or herself or he or she is properly
relieved;
d. Must not entrust key to any inmate;
e. Must open the main cell gate only when necessary in the presence
of a buddy;
f. Must devise a procedure ensuring systematic control of inmates coming in and out the jail building;
g. Must keep note on the number and identification of inmates that went out to participate in any jail activity;
h. Must strictly impose memorandum, and SOP as regard time. Inmates should be already inside their
respective cell at 1700H and ensure that no one shall be allowed to linger outside;
i. Must refrain from playing games using electronic gadgets and must refrain from engaging himself/herself with
social media during his TOD;
j. Must refrain from taking any food or beverage offered by inmates especially during night duties; and
k. Must not instantly open cell gate upon notice of commotions or receipt of emergency calls from inmates as
these information about commotions and emergency calls might only be tactics or ploys to rattle the cell gate
JNCO; hence, the need for him to assess first the situation and apply contingency procedures as the need be.
8. Roving Guard:

a. Must not stay long in a place and nor remain thereat for the duration of TOD;
b. Must not bring firearm while in areas of the jail facility where carrying said firearm is not allowed;
c. Refrain from utilizing inmates as jail aides rendering massage/or other personal services;
d. Shall assist the secondary guard in the inspection of inmates going out and coming in to the jail facility;
e. Observes keenly the surroundings, behavior and actuations of inmates; checks perimeter walls, fences, and
barbed wires for any sign of breaches of security, and removes objects that can be used to climb or scale the
walls and other materials that can be utilized for escape by inmates;
f. Tightly guards inmates requested to throw garbage or who simply hang their clothes in the drying area;
g. Acts accordingly and immediately calls the attention of other personnel, officers and the warden in in cases
of any abnormal situation such as jail emergencies or disturbances as well as emergencies brought about by
natural or man-made calamities;
h. Conducts regular roving inspection of his/her area of responsibility to monitor the movements/ activities of
inmates and the jail situation as a whole;
i. Immediately reports to the desk officer any incident or any unusual situation observed;
j. Inspects regularly the jail security facilities, such as window grills, ceilings, walls, iron bars, etc., and
immediately reports to the desk officer any unusual observations for proper disposition; and
k. Performs such other functions as higher authorities may direct.
9. Tower Guard:
a. Acts as the eyes of the whole facility for the duration of TOD; hence, must be very alert and observant;
b. lmmediately alerts any personnel via handheld radio or sounds the alarm upon noticing any unnatural
event/s inside and outside of the facility;
c. Gives or sounds the alarm when calamity threatens the facility;
d. Instantly alerts all personnel in the event of any disturbance perpetrated by inmates and that occurs more
often when inmates are to perform tasks/activities in areas or places outside their cells;
e. Using his utmost and sound discretion, fires warning shots during disturbances, attacks from enemy forces,
and when inmates are trying to escape by scaling the wall or when inmates are in the act of actually destroying
parts of the facility;
f. Must not allow any inmate to be in his designated place of assignment;
g. Religiously adheres to the eleven (11) general orders during the tour of duty;
h. Closely monitors the situation within his area of responsibility and immediately reports to higher authority
any unusual circumstances;
i. Alarms the higher authority as the need arises; and
j. Performs such other functions as higher authorities may direct.
D. SEARCHES – PROCEDURES
To attain 100 percent effectiveness of every search, it demands dedication, cunning, wit, and firmness of every
searcher. Searchers should possess qualities and characteristics that are unbendable by temptations, threats
or pressure, demands and intimidations by inmates, visitors or colleagues in the uniform service. Basically,
everything that goes in inside the jail passes through searchers. Searchers comprise the first line of defense to
thwart the entry of all contrabands and the last line of defense when communications aimed to besmirch or
embarrass the jail bureau come from inside the jail. It is a fact though, that contrabands were often slipped into
the jail by erring personnel. It is most imperative therefore that pre-emptive measures to ensure that
proliferation of these items will be curtailed once and for all.
Specific Functions of Searchers:

1. Searcher must aim for zero (0) contraband-slipping through him/her or smuggling into the jail facility during
his/her duty as searcher;
2. Must be professional, exercising prudence and sound judgment, respecting the rights of visitors or personnel
whom he or she subject to search;
3. Searcher shall be strict and firm in his/her decision but must his/her decision must be within the purview of
existing BJMP memoranda, rules, regulations and SOP’s;

4. Searcher must be impartial and must treat all visitors and personnel equally to avoid any misunderstanding;
5. Observe courtesy to all visitors and/or personnel. Searcher must not be harsh and rude during his/her duty
and he or she must refrain from making any unnecessary comment/s on all visitors;
6. Any visitor whom he/she has observed to be under the influence of intoxicating beverages shall be
disallowed inside the jail facility;
7. Letters and all communications shall be thoroughly read and censored. Those which may affect security or
emotion of inmates the visitor intends to visits should not be given to the addressee;
8. He/she shall apprise any suspected visiting courier/s of contrabands of his/her or their right before any
bodily, strip or body cavity search will be done on him/her or them;
9. Strip or body cavity search shall be done professionally in the designated search room wherein the searcher
is accompanied by the duty personnel who supervises and witnesses search conducted. The searcher must
wear latex glove;
10. Whenever possible, the searcher must see to it that the person to be searched shall be accompanied by
another visitor who shall act as witness the procedures conducted;
11. Adheres to related laws (GAD and VAWC) as regard the procedures to be conducted and is sensitive to
the rights of the person to be subjected to search;
12. Searcher must not divulge any personal observation made on the subject’s body for whatever legal
purposes;
13. Let’s the visitors sign a waiver for the search he/she will undergo.
a. Refusal to sign any waiver means he/she shall not be allowed to enter the facility on that day he/she shall be
subjected to same procedure when he/she decides to return for a visit on other date.
b. Refusal for a visitor to have his belongings searched shall be a ground to disallow him/her entry to the
facility.
c. Upon approval of the warden or his authorized representative, personnel who shall refuse to be searched
likewise must not be allowed inside the facility;
d. Personnel shall likewise be subjected to strip search. However, the procedure must be done by the warden,
assistant warden or ranking officer whom he is under.
e. Refusal of personnel to undergo strip search will mean he/she will be disallowed to enter the facility and if
he/she is a duty custodial, he/she will be marked absent on that date. He/she shall undergo the
procedure the next day when reporting for work.
f. Personnel who refuse for two consecutive times to undergo strip search shall be charged accordingly; that is,
appropriate charged will be filed against them.
g. All vehicles must undergo intensive search before entry to and exit from the facility.
h. Relatives of personnel including those of the warden shall not be excluded from anybody search before
entering the facility.
14. Searcher must have at least one (1) buddy and shift supervisor during searches;
15. In cases where/when a contraband or contrabands is/are confiscated from any person or organic
personnel, the searcher shall immediately notify his/her buddy, and turn-over the contraband/s and courier to
the shift supervisor or any duty personnel. The latter shall immediately inform the warden. The duty personnel
must take photos of and document every detail of the search made;
16. He or she shall inform the desk officer who shall record the incident in the logbook, stating every minute-
detail of the confiscation. This is done for documentary for documentary and evidentiary purposes relative to
the filing of filing of appropriate charge/s against the courier of the contraband/s;
17. The searcher and his or her witnesses must be committed to pursue the case filed against the suspect;
18. Strictly implements SOP in the conduct of body searches on jail visitors and on the inspection of their
belongings;
19. Prepares and maintains an official record of inmate’s visitor/s;
20. Conducts body search on inmate’s visitors, personnel and other visitors who enter the jail facility with their
belongings likewise inspected;
21. Strictly implements the policies/guidelines pertaining to confiscated contrabands;
22. Performs strip search on all inmates prior to and after transport and before allowing the inmates to enter
his/her cell;

23. Strip searches shall be conducted by the personnel of the same gender as that of the inmate being
searched;
24. Prepares and submits report on any incident/s taking place within his/her area of responsibility; and
25. Performs such other functions as higher authorities may direct.
NOTE: Any personnel involved in the confiscation of contraband during his/her official TOD refuses or refuse to
stand as witness during the trial shall put in writing his/her or their reasons, stating therein all circumstances
and compelling grounds of his/her or their withdrawal with the same duly notarized. His/her or their
failure to act in the interest of the bureau will be dealt with accordingly.
V. Escort procedures
1. Escorting inmates from Jail Unit to another or to other destination is an intrinsically risky function considering
that both personnel and inmates are vulnerable to any sorts of danger from unfriendly forces. In escorting, an
inmate has contact with the outside world which makes him more psychologically pumped up to seek freedom
using any means necessary for him to escape either by the help of other people or himself. Lawless elements
or civilians will have the best opportunity to abduct or assassinate inmate/s that may itself endanger escort
personnel in the process.
2. Escorting is authorized by law but there have been many cases where it is abused by erring personnel.
Eventually, this leads to escape by prisoners and sometimes results in casualties of personnel, more so;
henceforth, putting the Bureau in a bad light and embarrassment. Strategic and careful planning prior to any
movement by the warden and chief escort is indeed necessary. Thus, members of escort team shall first be
briefed and notified about any scheduled movement. Proper coordination with friendly forces in the locality
while en route to any destination is a must. Intelligence gathering shall be made inside jail units and around
AOR before any movement is done. Therefore, escorting procedures must be strengthened and strict
compliance with the same by escort personnel ensured. It is not enough that escorting personnel adhere to
existing rules and SOP’s. Equally or even more important is the assumption by the personnel concerned of the
“sense of great responsibility." Professionalism, team work, proficiency and cohesion must also be
inculcated in them. Stiffer penalty shall be imposed those who shall be found violating SOP’s, most especially
in cases resulting in escape by an inmate or inmates.
1. Before Leaving for Court:
a. The prisoners’ van must be thoroughly checked (BLOW BAGETS) and inspected for the presence of
explosives;
b. The inmate/s must be searched or frisked at the cell gate for any weapon, key and other prohibited items
before he/she or they step or step out his/her or their cell;
c. Before letting the inmate or inmates board the prisoners' van, proper identification of the inmate or inmates
must be conducted by both custodial and escort personnel to ensure that such inmate or inmates is/are the
same as the one or those whose name or names appears or appear in the list of inmate or inmates to be
escorted for the court hearing;
d. Otherwise notified in Open Court, names of inmates for the day’s scheduled hearing shall be announced
“only” in the morning to deter inmate’s plan to escape;
e. A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) must be practiced, Right-to Right or Left-to Left in placing handcuff
to inmate in pairs; and
f. Aside from the issued standard two-way radios, “NO” escort personnel including the official driver shall use
personal cellular phone while escorting en route to and from the court. Only the chief escort shall have the
privilege to use cellular phone while escorting but he or she limited to official communication/s only.
2. Inside the Court:

a. In Courts where there is no holding area for inmates, the personnel should place the inmate or inmates in
the most secured area within the court house while waiting for the call of his/her or their;
b. While the inmate or inmates is/ are inside the court, civilians or his/her or their relatives be restricted from
giving him/her or them anything such as letters, toiletries, money, foods, clothes, etc;
c. Escort personnel shall not in any manner allow any civilian except his or her counsel to sit with inmates

during court hearing;
d. As a general rule, inmate must be handcuffed at all-time unless the Judge orders otherwise; and
e. Do not allow relatives lengthy talks to an inmate or inmates shall not be allowed to talk lengthily with his/her
or their relatives before or after the hearing. (See ANNEX “D” para 14 OCA NO. 08-2013)
3. Upon Return to Jail:

a. Upon arrival from the Court, an inmate or inmates shall be put in a holding area where he/she or they will be
accounted for by the custodial duty personnel and searched for any contraband that might have been given to
him/her or them while in the court; and
b. After inmate/s is/are cleared of any contraband and duly accounted for, escort personnel shall then un-cuff
and endorse him/her or them to the cell gate guard for his/her or their return to his/her or their respective
cell.
4. Medical Referrals:
a. Authentic court order for the inmate to undergo Medical check-up must be obtained;
b. In cases of "between life and death situations," whether the cause is natural or one that resulted from a fatal
injury inflicted inside the jail, the inmate or inmates must be referred to personnel concerned for
appropriate medical care and attention;
c. In emergency cases, the duty doctor, medical staff or jail nurse shall immediately assess the inmate or
inmates to determine whether or not the inmate or inmates is/are in great danger or whether or not the life of
the inmate or inmates is in peril if he/she or they is/are left unattended.
d. During confinement of an inmate or inmates in a hospital, the escort duty must not exceed an eight (8) hour
tour of duty especially when the illness of the inmate or inmates is contagious;
e. Always adheres to the buddy system when escorting at hospital;
f. Must strictly limit the number of relatives, friends or civilians visiting inmate patient or patients especially
when the inmate patient or patients is/are a high risk /a high profile inmate or high risk high
profile inmates VEO’s; and
g. When the confinement of an inmate or inmates in a hospital or when the medical evaluation of an inmate or
inmates is deemed too risky or when the escorts are reasonably few, the warden shall immediately
make a formal letter to the court stating therein valid reasons for their inability to bring the inmate or inmates to
the hospital and he/she shall request the court to direct a government physician to treat or conduct
checkup of the inmate or inmates inside the jail.
5. Viewing the Remains:

a. Authentic Court Order for the inmate to view the remains of his/her immediate members of the family must
be obtained;
b. Wardens or their authorized representatives shall coordinate with the court to ensure that the order allowing
an inmate or inmates to view the remains of his/her or their immediate members of the family must
specify the date and that the purpose is purely inmate's or inmates' viewing;
c. The chief escort shall seek the approval of the warden on the planned route and best possible time
proposed to proceed for monitoring purposes and avoidance of deviation;
d. In cases where court order has been issued but the place is risky and there is a great possibility that inmate
might be rescued, or escorts’ life might be greatly imperiled, the warden shall make immediate representation
before the court and manifest the impossibility of bringing the inmate or inmates to the destination so indicated
in the order;
e. At the wake, two (2) escorts shall accompany the inmate while other escorts shall secure the place to
prevent any untoward incident;
f. Inmate must wear only yellow t-shirt marked with BJMP Detainee and his handcuff shall not be removed
while at the wake; and
g. As much as possible, communication between him and his relatives, friends or other civilians shall be brief
and limited.

6. Transport:
a. First hour in the morning, as daily routine, official drivers shall observe “BLOW BAGETS” procedures;
b. While en route, the driver should not stop in any place along the way unless, there is a reason to do so.
However, he has slowed down when approaching check points or detachments put up by authorities;
c. When re-routing is inevitable, the official driver must be familiar with the street or place he is traversing and
must be sure that the route is safe; and
d. He must drive at a reasonable speed while transporting inmates. He should drive carefully, prudently, and
defensively all the time.
7. Movement Schemes:
a. Prior to any movement of HR/HP inmates and VEO’, unit intel shall coordinate with the intel community in
his AOR and in the place where the inmates/s will be taken. The result of his work shall be relayed
immediately to the warden and escort team leader evaluation and concomitant planning for counter intelligence
operations, as the need be;
b. The warden is duty bound to personally coordinate with the local chiefs of police and other friendly forces for
assistance and/or back up en route to the destination. In his absence, the assistant warden shall do
the task;
c. Upon assurance of assistance or back up from the PNP or other friendly forces, the warden shall initiate
strategic planning, tactical briefing or brainstorming with team for other possible options that will ensure
safety of all personnel and inmate/s;
d. The team shall then without delay proceed, maintaining an open communication with PNP counterparts or
friendly forces as regards route security. However, the details of any route to be taken shall solely rest under
the discretion of the Escort Team Leader and members as planned;
e. Personnel aboard the main and back up vehicles shall maintain open communication while in transit and
shall treat other vehicles especially those vehicles without plate numbers or conduction stickers as carrying
would be rescuers or assassins of the HR/HF inmate and VEO’s. Personnel shall make hand signal for other
vehicles to go slow or to overtake the convoy;
f. Deviation is not allowed. However, to deviate from the shortest route when there is a clear and present
danger shall be allowed swiftly with prudent assessment of the team leader and/or members of the team to
ensure everyone’s safety;
g. As much as possible, the route taken in going to the destination must be avoided during the return of the
team to the jail unit. Alternate routes should be pre-identified, and security threats assessed for smoother travel
with delay in returning to the jail unit avoided, and
h. When engine malfunctioning is experienced while on transit, pull over in a safe part of the way is
recommended. The driver shall immediately assess the cause of the engine's malfunctioning and solve the
same. The team members must be on high alert making sure that the safety of the inmate and all escort
personnel is in place. If the vehicle is totally broken, the other vehicle shall be used immediately and notice
about the possible delayed arrival should be provided the warden and the court concerned.
8. In times of Attack, Rescue Attempt:

The maxim “Kill when imperative than to be killed" should be applied. However, the personnel concerned
should always observe the salient provisions in the rules of Engagement before resorting to such violent
action.
a. When fired upon, driver shall out run the attackers if possible;
b. If it is impossible to out run the attackers, pull over along the road or in an area where there can be a barrier
for cover is recommended;
c. Personnel should observe and find out where the fire power is coming from;
d. As much as possible and unless the threat is such very serious as to result in personnel-casualties or
inmate-casualties, the personnel should not engage with the enemy;
e. Neutralize threat as necessity calls for it;
Escort Personnel

1. Chief Escort Unit:
a. Coordinates with chief of admin section and determines the number and names of inmates scheduled for
court hearings and their places of destination as approved by the jail warden;
b. Coordinates with the custodial unit in connection with the list of inmates scheduled for court hearings and
assumes responsibility over them after inmates are properly accounted for and turned over by custodial unit.;
c. Designates escort personnel for inmates scheduled for court hearing;
d. Accomplishes and signs the Daily Escort Slip indicating there in the names of corresponding security escorts
and inmates, the cases of inmates and the courts concerned for the information of the jail warden;
e. Conducts guard mounting and accounts for all members of the escort unit, drivers, vehicles to be used, and
the firearms and equipment to be carried or issued;
f. Inspects carefully all security devices such as handcuffs, probations, metal detectors, etc. to be used during
tours of duty;
g. Ensures the proper use of handcuffs and color coded T-shirts by inmates while outside the jail facility;
h. Personally supervises the conduct of body search on inmates by the members of escort unit before the
inmate or inmates leaves/leave the jail facility;
i. Monitors thru handheld radio or cellular phone the situation/location of escort and inmates while outside the
jail facility;
j. Maintains regular contact with the jail warden on all movements or transfer of inmates; and
k. Performs such other functions as higher authorities may direct.
2. Escort Unit member:

a. Checks and receives the inmates indicated in the escort slip duly signed by the chief escort:
b. Properly handcuffs and conducts body search on inmates assigned to him/her before the inmate or inmates
leaves or leave the jail facility and before the inmate/inmates leaves or leave for the place
for which purpose he/she or they is/are escorted;
c. Escorts and secures the inmates while in transit to court, to other authorized destinations and to hospitals in
cases of emergencies;
d. Properly implements the Do’s and Don’ts in escorting an inmate;
e. Presents the inmates in person to the court concerned on time and observes court rules/demeanor;
f. Provides security during the conduct of body search by the member of custodial unit upon return of the
inmate or inmates to jail facility;
g. Properly turns over to the desk officer escorted inmates;
h. Reinforces or augments the custodial unit as it conducts operation greyhound, other security services and
jail activities; and
i. Performs such other functions as higher authorities may direct.
VI. Records Unit

1. Verifies the authenticity of court orders, subpoenas, release orders,mittimus, bail bonds, and records of
pending and decided cases, if any;
2. Receives the inmate and documents related thereto from the committing officer, and conducts the following:
a. Start the booking procedures;
b. Accomplish the jail booking sheet;
c. Strip-search the inmate to check for any birth marks, tattoos, etc;
d. Encode the inmates’ information in the NIMS; e. Fingerprint and photograph the inmate with mug shot
background; and
f. List the names of the visitors authorized by the inmate.
3. Apprise the inmate about the provisions of Art 29 as amended by R.A.10592 in the dialect that he or she
understands;
4. Facilitate the signing of the detainee’s manifestation if he/she agrees to abide by the same disciplinary rules
imposed upon convicted inmates. Otherwise, the Warden issues a certification under oath manifesting that

the inmate was apprised of the provision of Art 29 of the RPC as amended and refused to abide by the same;
5. Store all documents in the Inmate’s Carpeta;
6. Follow up mittimus and other documents or papers necessary for the transfer of prisoner to a correctional
institution;
7. Informs the court of the names, cases and dates of detention of inmates who have not been arraigned yet.
8. Secures court clearances and photocopies of legal documents;
9. Records all documents received from courts, from prosecuting attorneys, and from the counsel/s of
inmate/s;
10. Monitors and prepares a status report of pending and resolved cases of inmates.
VII. Liaison Officer

1. Coordinates and officially transacts business with courts, and other government agencies, NGOs and LGUs
on jail programs, projects and activities as directed by the warden; and
2. Informs the chief of administration about the results daily transactions and liaison activities.
VIII. Property Custodian

1. Maintains inventory records of properties/equipment and supplies;
2. Installs markings, tags or symbols on equipment/properties to determine level of priority during evacuation
phase;
3. Receives and records all equipment and supplies issued by the regional office and local government units
and those donated by NGOs;
4. Issues firearms, equipment and supplies to personnel concerned;
5. Accounts properties received from the regional office, LGUs and NGOs;
6. Issues receipt for deposited FAs and issues the necessary certification as an employee applies for leave or
retirement;
7. Updates documents and other issuances;
8. Takes custody of all confiscated/recovered contraband with corresponding markings necessary as material
evidence in court;
9. Receives and issues corresponding receipt of deposited money and personal properties of detainee upon
his admission in jail;
10. Check the inmate’s belongings for presence of contraband upon his Commitment;
11. Takes all cash and other personal properties from the inmate, list them down on a receipt form with
duplicate, duly signed by him/her and countersigned by the inmate. The original receipt should be given to the
inmate and the duplicate kept by him or her;
12. Keeps all cash and other valuables of the inmate in a safety vault. Said cash and valuables may be turned
over to any person authorized by the inmate; and
13. Provides all keys with tags, distinctly marked to avoid confusion during emergencies.
IX. Paralegal Officer

1. Verifies the authenticity of the court orders;
2. Coordinates with the custodial duty whenever there are paralegal activities;
3. Monitors the case status of inmates and acts appropriately on cases that qualify for early release of the
inmate/s;
4. Assists inmates in availing themselves of any of the modes for early release;
5. Endorses to the provincial paralegal officers cases that need to be acted upon by a provincial agency or an
agency within the territorial jurisdiction of the province, if the jail does not have the resources to coordinate with
such an agency 6. Coordinates with other sections in the jail in the conduct of paralegal activities;
7. Coordinates with the local justice and welfare sector agencies (e.g., PAO,Prosecutors, Courts, BPP, PPA,
and LSWDO) to protect the rights of and to promote the development inmates, especially CICL;
9. Organizes, coordinates and supervises paralegal volunteers, service providers, and other organizations that
provide paralegal services;
10. Oversees the organization of a pool of paralegal aides among the inmates for the purpose of attaining the

objectives of his/her office;
11. Supervises, trains, and leads paralegal coordinators in promoting awareness of inmates’ rights, relevant
laws, and the modes of releases;
12. Enforces uniform guidelines for paralegal volunteers and NGOs providing paralegal services in harmony
with the BJMP National Headquarters issuances;
13. Implements, develops, and plans short term and long-term programs and activities to enhance paralegal
services;
14. Recommends to the provincial paralegal officer the adoption of certain policies;
15. Submits paralegal reports to the Provincial Paralegal Officer not later than every 10th day of each month;
16. Submits an annual accomplishment report not later than the 10th day of January of each year; and
17. Submits confidential report on any person, regulation, policy.
X. Inmates Welfare and Development (IWD) Unit Officer

1. Coordinates with the custodial duty whenever there are activities;
2. Keeps records and reports of all IWD’s activities and accomplishments;
3. Establishes coordination with GOs, NGOs, LGU’s, other service providers, and the community through the
jail warden on every IWD’s activity to be undertaken;
4. Coordinates with various religious sectors in the implementation in jail of religious activities/programs;
5. Supervises the use of tools and other potentially dangerous articles, such as bottles, acids, kitchen knives,
etc. and keeps them out of inmates’ reach when not in use;
6. Supervises the orientation of inmates on all BJMP rules and regulations related only to their detention;
7. Supervises the issuance/s, safekeeping, accounting, and disposal of IWD materials and items;
8. Accounts and secures properly in a safe place kitchen utensil, knives, and other IWD materials making them
inaccessible to inmates;
9. Provides inmates with education and skills training programs, and work programs to enhance their chances
for employment upon release;
10. Provides opportunity for inmates to attend religious services, to avail themselves of guidance and
counseling, and coordinates with other units/agencies/institutions concerned in conceptualizing, implementing
and promoting inmates’ welfare program/s;
11. Promotes participation by inmates in civic programs and activities, values formation, group dynamics, etc;
12. Gives opportunity to inmates for active participation in a variety of
recreation and sports activities in jail;
13. Assists in coordinating for the early release of inmates in line with an existing of decongestion programs;
14. Briefs or orients inmates on jail policies and regulations;
15. Identifies inmates with potential or ability to undertake rehab education, training and work programs;
16. Initiates implementation of supplementary programs/activities to enhance the rehabilitation of individual
inmates;
17. Conducts continuing study to determine the effectiveness of every IWD program/project/activity
implemented and make appropriate recommendations;
18. Conducts periodic inventory of IWD supplies and materials, in order to prevent pilferage, loss or
manufacture of improvised deadly weapons by inmates and submit report thereon;
19. Improves the productivity of viable livelihood projects through employment of cost-saving measures, search
for better market, and increase in yield or production and quality enhancement;
20. Accounts for inmates who have been fully rehabilitated and recommend their possible employment upon
release; and
21. Insures sustainability of TCMP in jails.
XI. Medical Officers

1. All offenders committed to district, city and municipal jails, and BJMP personnel are entitled to available
health services;
2. Check on the authenticity of the entries in the medical certificate. Conduct thorough physical examination to
assess the condition of the inmate, and ask searching questions to determine injury sustained after the

conduct of medical examination or those injuries not diagnosed prior to commitment in jail;
3. Establish and maintain proper coordination with local executives, local health units and civic health
organizations for seeking health-related assistance;
4. Shall coordinate and/or assist in the conduct of medical missions by benevolent groups, association and
agencies;
5. Make referral of patients to a hospital/clinic;
6. Shall perform actively in the physical examination, diagnosis and treatment of medical and surgical cases
affecting offenders and personnel;
7. Shall conduct daily progress records of all confined patients in BJMP health stations. Patients hospitalized in
other health care institutions shall likewise be monitored and properly recorded;
8. Shall supervise and provide technical assistance to all health personnel in the conduct of health care
delivery; and
9. Shall conduct epidemiologic studies of disease affecting personnel/ offenders and other relevant statistics.
XII. Dental Officer

health services;
2. Newly-committed offender shall be thoroughly evaluated, examined, and the result of said
evaluation/examination shall be properly recorded. Emphasis must be made on external signs of trauma like
abrasions, contusions, hematomas, etc. Companions of offenders must be noted and
recorded, including jail guards in attendance;
organizations for seeking health-related assistance; and
4. Shall coordinate and / or assist in the conduct of medical missions by benevolent groups, association and
agencies.
XIII. Jail Nurse

health services;
2. Newly-committed offenders shall be thoroughly evaluated, examined and properly recorded. Emphasis must
be made on external signs of trauma like abrasions, contusions, hematomas, etc. Companions of offenders
must be noted and recorded, including jail guards in attendance;
organizations for seeking health-related assistance;
4. Shall coordinate and / or assist in the conduct of medical missions by benevolent groups, association and
agencies;
5. Shall properly document and report to higher authorities all kinds of donations given to offenders and / or
office;
6. Conducts regular assessment of health situation of inmates;
7. Programs health activities in jail, such as medical mission, health education and other related health
activities and acts as medical/health records clerk;
8. Administers medications of general prescription for common diseases in the absence of a medical officer;
9. Conducts frequent health education programs for inmates emphasizing on the importance of personal
hygiene in the prevention of diseases;
10. Provides first aid or emergency assistance to inmates; and
11. Coordinates with the city/municipal health officer and other agencies, NGOs for assistance, medical check-
up and treatment of inmates.
SPECIAL TACTICS AND REPONSE (STAR) TEAM

It is an elite tactical unit trained to perform high-risk operations that falls outside the operational abilities of the
regular BJMP personnel and is equipped with specialized skills and sophisticated firearms and equipment. A
ready force is composed of highly trained BJMP personnel and experts in dealing with high risk, high profile

inmates and VEO’s, as well as in controlling critical jail disturbance and incidents The Bureau shall maintain a
STAR team in its national, regional and provincial offices; in big jails with high risk, high profile inmates and
VEO’s; in jails that are strategically located for the STAR team's immediate response, and in nearby jails to
whom the STAR team could, during emergency cases, extend assistance to if the number of its members so
warrants. STAR trained personnel should NEITHER be assigned individually in jail NOR be given custodial
responsibility. They should be assigned by teams only in places mentioned in the preceding paragraph in order
not to defeat the primordial intent of its creation.
A. Scope of Jurisdiction
1. The BJMP-NHQ STAR Team shall be under the direct command and supervision of the Director, Directorate
for Operations.
2. The BJMP Regional STAR Team shall be under the direct command and supervision of the Regional
Director.
3. Upon deployment of the STAR Team, commands/orders shall emanate from the Team Leader.
B. Duties and Responsibilities

1. Shall serve as the last resort in addressing crisis in jail.
2. Shall augment the force during court hearings of high risk/high profile inmates and other similar tasks.
3. Escorts high ranking/key officers and other dignitaries of state.
4. Performs other task/functions as the Chief, BJMP/Regional Director may direct.
C. Other Functions
1. To escort and secure dangerous inmates in high-risk situations;
2. To provide services for major jail operations;
3. To resolve siege and hostage situations, as well as armed offender situations;
4. To provide a negotiation service in high-risk and critical situations;
5. To undertake searches of jail premises in high-risk situations; and
6. To neutralize jail disturbances that may arise at any of the BJMP facilities, using the necessary force to
maintain and restore peace, discipline and order inside jail premises.
D. Team Composition and Basic Functions

1. Team Leader
a. Must have the rank of inspector, at least;
b. Must be a graduate of STAR Course, CQB or SWAT; c. Oversees the general plans during tactical
operation;
d. Promotes the morale and welfare of S.T.A.R team members; and
e. Performs other functions as the Chief, BJMP/Regional Director may direct.
2. Assistant Team Leader
a. Must be the most senior JNCO;
b. Must be a graduate of STAR Course, CQB or SWAT;
c. Assists the team leader regarding plans for tactical operation;
d. Assumes the duties and responsibilities of the team leader during the latter’s absence; and
e. Performs other functions as the Team Leader may direct.
3. Communication JNCO
a. Must be a graduate of STAR Course, CQB or SWAT;
b. Responsible in command post operations, radio communications, communication codes and video recording
(if available) between the team and the command post;
c. Responsible for coordination with other teams, units, media, and the National Headquarter/Regional Office;
and
d. Performs other functions as the team leader may direct.
4. Supply JNCO
a. Must be a graduate of STAR Course, CQB or SWAT;
b. Prepares request for logistical needs;

c. Ensures all equipment/gadgets are operational and accounted;
d. Ensures the availability of other supplies needed; and
e. Performs other functions as the Team Leader may direct.
5. Other Members
a. Must be a graduate of STAR Course, CQB or SWAT; and
b. Performs other functions as the team leader may direct.
QUICK RESPONSE TEAM (QRT)

It is created purposely to respond immediately and efficiently and to contain, control, and solve in the shortest
possible time any form of jail incidents/disturbance while waiting for the arrival of reinforcement from the
National/Regional STAR team/s and friendly forces. It is imperative that all jails nationwide have Quick
Response Team/s (QRT). As first responders, members of the QRT must undergo trainings and
seminars for them to be equipped with the knowledge and skills in jail incident
management.
A. Scope of Jurisdiction  Shall be under the command and control of the jail warden, or in his
absence, the assistant warden or the most senior JCO/JNCO.
B. Duties and Responsibilities

 Acts as first responder to any jail incidents.
1. Alarm -gives the alarm through siren, whistle, shouting, etc.
2. Contain - isolates/cordons the affected area.
3. Report - provides correct and precise information about the situation.
4. Evaluate - evaluates damage to equipment and facilities; evaluates personnel/inmates’ situations.
C. Team Composition
a. Team Leader
 A former STAR Team member or have undergone Quick Response Training.
b. Assistant Team Leader
 Have undergone Quick Response Training.
c. Members
 Have undergone Quick Response Training.
NATIONAL INMATES’ MONITORING SYSTEM (NIMS) – A dynamic stand-alone client application software is
used in Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) Jails nationwide in automating the inmates’
records.
A. SCOPE
 NIMS is currently installed in all BJMP jails nationwide. Which includes, but not limited to:
1. 460+ Jails
2. Jail Provincial Administrator’s (JPA) Offices
3. BJMP Regional Offices
B. PROCESS FLOW
1. Jail Level
a. Committed inmate will undergo a jail booking; b. Inmates’ information will be encoded thru NIMS within jail
level;
c. 100% data within the jail; and
d. Will be submitted to provincial/regional Office for consolidation.
2. Provincial/Regional Level
 Consolidates and submits consolidated data from jail level for regional level consolidation.
3. National Level
a. Submitted data from Provincial/Regional Level will be Consolidated for National Level Consolidation;
b. Consolidation of database will be on the National Level; and
c. BJMP National Headquarters having a nationwide database for inmates’ records.

GREYHOUND FORCE - It aims to eliminate in all BJMP manned facilities any form of contrabands that could
have adverse implications on overall administration of the facilities and to ultimately establish order in all jails,
promote operational efficiency and encourage adherence to prescribed operating policies. All regions should
create a Greyhound Force whose composition shall be in accordance with BJMP Manual on Operation
Greyhound and SOP on Control of Contraband and Physical Evidence. This way, surprise major greyhound
operation in all jails to be spearheaded by the Regional Director or Assistant Regional Director
for Operations may launched anytime.
A. Duties and Responsibilities
1. Ground Commander - All orders concerning troop movements will emanate from him. Irrespective of the
hierarchy of command, no authority shall take precedence or overrule his directives until his relief as ground
commander.
2. Team Leaders - Sub-groups or teams that make up every task group will each have its designated team
leader. The team leader shall take direct hand in overseeing the movements of the elements of his team while
simultaneously maintaining close coordination with the ground commander. He shall take responsibility in
maintaining fluidity in the execution of his team’s designated functions. He shall regularly inform the
ground commander about the status or progress of the operation.
3. Assistant Team Leaders - Sub-groups or teams that make up every task group will each have its designated
assistant team leader. The assistant team leader shall, in aid of the team leader, be responsible in overseeing
the movements of the elements of the team. He shall take custody of the
personal belongings of the operatives.
B. OPERATIONS GROUP
1. Security Teams – They shall ensure the security of operatives throughout the span of the operation.
a. Perimeter Security Elements – They shall secure the perimeter of the facility.
b. Holding Area Security Elements – They shall secure the holding area of the inmates.
2. Contraband Search and Seizure Teams - They shall be responsible in thoroughly searching and checking
the quarters of inmates and personnel for contraband and such other items that may pose hazards to the
overall security of the facility.
a. Team Supervisor - Other than the team leader and the assistant team leader, a team supervisor will be
designated to directly oversee the inspection of each cell. He shall be responsible in making sure that
all items confiscated are properly documented, tagged and turned-over to the contraband custodian.
b. Searching Elements - They shall be primarily responsible in the search and seizure of contraband and the
removal of unauthorized structures inside the facility.
c. Inmate Representative - An inmate made to witness the operation must come from the particular cell being
searched. He will act as the representatives of his fellow inmates to validate the claims of
ownership of the items seized.
3. Friskers
a. Friskers of Personnel - They shall have all operatives designated to frisk inmates and cell searchers frisked
before the conduct of the search and seizure operations. They have to make sure those
designated friskers of inmates and cell searchers do not bring any of their personal belongings with them in the
conduct of their function to preclude malice that these possessions were ill-gotten; hence, they have to have
their personal belongings turned-over to their designated assistant team leader for safekeeping. They will
likewise ensure that personnel directly handling contraband do not furtively take any of the
items they have confiscated.
b. Friskers of inmates - They shall have all inmates lined up and frisked before sending them to the holding
area. Any contraband found to have been concealed by the inmate will be confiscated and
turned over to the recorder for proper documentation.
c. Strip Searching-in-Charge - He shall primarily be responsible, when deemed necessary, to have inmates
stripped in search for contraband. It will likewise be his primary responsibility to coordinate with the legal
services group in executing legal procedures as not to infringe the rights of the inmate being subjected to strip
search. In no manner will the person supervising the strip search be allowed to touch his subject

in any part of his body during the searching process.
4. Contraband Custodian - He shall be primarily responsible in taking custody of all confiscated contraband
before these are turned-over to the jail warden.
a. Contraband Inventory Control-in-Charge - He shall be responsible in maintaining a theoretical and an actual
inventory account of all confiscated contraband.
5. Contraband Recorder - He shall be responsible in the on-site recording of all contraband confiscated.
a. Facility Representative - He shall act as the representative of the jail warden of the facility inspected. He
shall maintain a separate record of all contraband confiscated to be reconciled with the
theoretical inventory report being maintained by the contraband recorder. In the absence of the jail warden, he
shall take part, in a representative capacity in the validation of inventory balances during
the turn-over of custody of all contraband to the former.
b. Contraband Sorters - They shall take primary responsibility in the sorting, labeling and confiscated
contraband.
C. Service Support Group
1. Medical Support Team - A stand-by medical unit shall take responsibility in attending to medical cases,
giving proper medical attention.
2. Intelligence Support Services Team - They shall gather information before and during the conduct of
operations to enable the operating teams to accurately purge its targets. At the same time, they shall maintain
coordination with the ground commander.
3. Investigation and Legal Services Support Group - They shall be responsible for information gathering and
facility inspection after the conduct of Greyhound Operations to ensure that the items confiscated
were not returned inside the facility. It is their prime responsibility to ensure that all legal requirements are met
to support the legitimacy of the operations and as not to infringe the rights of the clientele or other
personalities who will be affected by the operation.
4. Administrative Support Team - They shall be responsible in the detailed documentation of the progression of
the operations. They shall likewise properly observe the hierarchy of events in their documentation
before, during and until the termination of the operations.
E. Crisis Management Group - They shall be responsible in taking measures to abate the tension in the event
of crisis situations until the intervention of crisis response authorities.
1. Negotiations Team - In crisis situations where negotiations are practicable it will be the role of the
negotiations team to establish meeting points to neutralize the situation. In deteriorating crisis situations, it will
be their role to sustain making arrangements until the intervention of crisis response authorities.
2. Liaison Team - They shall be responsible in providing for tasks or errands incidental to the crisis
situation/operations.
3. Tactical Response team - In the event that a crisis deteriorated beyond the capabilities of the BJMP to
handle, the aid of an ally tactical response team will be sought.
F. Communications and Media Control Group
1. Media Barricade - They shall be responsible in controlling/regulating media access to the subject jail facility
of the Greyhound Operation. In no way will members of the media barricade team entertain queries or give
any information as to the status of the operation.
2. Spokesperson - He shall be responsible in making informative disclosures to media about the operations as
directed by the ground commander. In no way shall he engage himself in making or giving a
statement or statements to the media at his own volition. Every statement made and information disclosed
must be limited only to what is authorized of him to convey.
MULTI-FUNCTIONS OF JAIL PERSONNEL - Multifunctioning of jail personnel is encouraged considering the

shortage of human resources. However, safekeeping functions have to be considered paramount.
SCHEDULE OF JAIL PERSONNEL - The jail warden shall draw a plan or a schedule of leave of absence for
his men and a plan or schedule of rotation/designation of jail designation of personnel within his/ her AOR to
avoid depletion of manpower at any time of the day.

VISITATION SERVICES -Visit of any immediate members of family or reputable and duly acknowledged
friends of inmates shall always be under strict supervision. In this regard, the warden shall determine and
prescribe the date, time and manner of facilitating visitation.
MAIL SERVICES
a. Mail service shall be provided to all inmates provided that all outgoing and incoming mail matters shall pass
through the designated censor officer in order to prevent the entry of contraband or illegal articles and entry or
exit of information affecting the security of the jail.
b. The inmate sending out any mail matter shall open his mail/package and have it read and inspected by the
designated censor officer. If the mail is cleared for dispatch, the inmate shall close and seal the mail and place
the same in the outgoing mail box. He shall likewise receive incoming mail or mails that has or have been
previously cleared by the Censor Officer. If the outgoing or incoming mail has contraband or harmful
information, such matter shall be registered as violations of jail rules and regulations and
shall be to the Disciplinary Board for immediate adjudication.
c. The designated jail staff shall collect the inmates’ mail matters on a daily basis, Monday through Friday.
d. Inmate’s letters or any other mail matter shall be sent as registered, certified, stamped or special delivery if
they so desire at their expense. The letters will be processed in accordance with procedures for the handling of
mail.
e. An inmate under disciplinary segregation shall be allowed full correspondence privileges, unless this
misconduct involves a serious violation of correspondence regulations.
f. Inmates who receive or send money through the jail mail service shall be under the supervision of the
Warden.
OTHER SERVICES– Other services such as legal assistance or specialist services shall be provided subject
to jail policies and guidelines as approved by the Chief, BJMP.
Use of Force and Weapons

Full blown crisis in BJMP-manned jails developed from improper application
of force. Improper use of force may be attributed to three lapses:
a) vague rules of engagement,
b) inadequate standards and alternatives in the use of force, or
c) misjudgment in the application of rules and standards.
Therefore, in the application of force or the use of weapons in confronting crises in jails shall be subservient to
the principle of necessity and proportionality.
GENERAL RULES - Regardless of the types of functions to be performed and/or jail operations to be
conducted, all BJMP units and personnel shall comply with and apply the following rules:
a. Under all circumstances, use of force is justifiable only by virtue of the Doctrines of Self-Defense and
Defense of a Stranger;
b. The use of force shall not be resorted to except when strictly necessary for the maintenance of security and
order, or when personnel’s safety is threatened;
c. The use of force shall not be resorted to except in self-defense or in the defense of others against grave and
imminent threat of death or serious injury, or when strictly necessary such as escape of an inmate;
d. As far as possible, non-violent means must be exhausted prior to use of deadly force;
e. Whenever the lawful use of force and firearms is unavoidable, jail officers shall:
1. Exercise restraint in such use and act in proportion to the seriousness of the offense and the legitimate
objective to be achieved;
2. Minimize damage and injury, and respect human rights and preserve human life;
3. Ensure that assistance and medical aid are rendered to the injured as soon as possible; and
4. Ensure that relatives or close friends of the injured or affected person are immediately notified as early or as
earliest possible.

f. Where injury or death is caused by the use of force and firearms, the jail officer shall immediately render a
detailed narrative report on the incident to his superiors;
g. The personnel shall be trained on the use of force and firearms; and
h. If necessary, stress counseling should be provided to jail personnel who had been directly involved in
incidents where force and, or firearms, were used.
USE OF FORCE CONTINUUM - The use of force continuum is an escalating level of force commencing from
no force, to non-deadly force and ultimately, to deadly force. In dealing with the use of force continuum,
the following rules shall be observed:
A. The decision on the appropriateness of the level of force to be used in a given situation depends entirely on
the judgment of the warden or his duly authorized representative or other jail personnel confronted with
situation requiring the use of force.
B. NO FORCE CONTINUUM
1. General Principles
Any Jail Officer in the performance of his duty shall:
a. Display an authority figure tempered with patience to maximize efforts to listen and discern between
institutional and personal issues, demands, and sentiments of the individual or group of individuals;
b. Use tactful persuasive language to gain willing cooperation in discussing and addressing the various
concerns that triggered the disturbance;
c. Exhaust all persuasive efforts to settle the issues, demands, and sentiments without compromise to security
matters pertaining to escape, attempt of escape, threat of harm or injury to the staff, other
inmates, or visitors;
d. Not, in any instance, use unacceptable language that would demean or antagonize the status of the inmate
as a person;
e. Not, in any instance, draw, un-holster or point any firearm to anyone that may cause reactions that will
aggravate the situation or necessarily antagonize anyone; and
f. Exercise maximum tolerance in dealing with hostile, arrogant taunting inmates.
2. Specific Principles
a. Riot
a.1Open Field
a.1.1 Use of negotiation, persuasion and verbalization to contain, pacify, subdue, and control incident.
a.1.2 Assessing the danger of the situation by considering the number of inmates involved in the riot, whether
or not inmates are armed, the violent reputation of apparent leaders, and external factors such as the weather,
time, possibility of escalation, and other external threats.
a. 2Close Field a.2.1 Use of negotiation, persuasion and verbalization to contain, pacify, subdue and control
incident.
b. Noise Barrage
b.1 Lock up inmates to ensure perimeter security.
b.2 Dialogue and negotiate with inmates. If inmates are compliant, gather all inmate leaders for further
dialogue and open forum.
b.3 Never resort to any use of force as long as inmates are only doing noise barrage and the incident does not
escalate into a more serious one.
c. Hostage taking
The warden or his duly authorized representative must consider the following factors before making any
decision regardless of the demands of the hostage takers:

- Whether or not hostage taker/s is/are armed;
- Whether or not the victim is a fellow inmate, jail personnel or civilian;
- Number of inmates involved in the hostage taking;
- Number of hostages; and
- Length of time.
c.1 Maintain and establish communication with the hostage takers. It is imperative that an experienced hostage
negotiator be designated as the primary negotiator. The first five (5) minutes is critical, hence the jail officer
nearest the incident must apply verbal containment techniques by negotiating with the hostage-taker until
an experienced negotiator arrives.
c.2 Evacuate inmates who are not involved with the incident into a more secured place to avoid taking
advantage of the situation and to ensure their safety. Contain the scene of incident by putting up a
security perimeter that will prevent other from entering the scene except the responder.
d. Lockdown
d.1 Immediately contain the controlled facility. If the inmates control only a portion of the facility, immediately
evacuate nonparticipating inmates to the unaffected portion for their safety.
d.2 Immediately conduct a dialogue with the inmates. As much as possible, find out their demands and
negotiate surrender of the controlled portion of the facility.
d.3 Ensure tight security of perimeter fence to avoid inmates taking advantage of the situation.
e. Rescue
The warden or his duly authorized representative must consider the following factors in decision-making:
- The firepower and number of rescuers; and
- In rescue while in transit, presence of civilians and danger of cross-fire.
e.1 Negotiation must be used to pacify, control, and subdue the situation. It is also used to ascertain the goal of
the rescuers and may help the warden or his duly authorized representative arrive at a better decision.
e.2 Secure the rest of the inmates who are not involved in the incident.
f. Assault
The warden or his duly authorized representative shall consider the following factors in decision-making:
- Whether or not inmates are armed; and
- Whether or not the victim is a civilian, jail personnel or fellow inmate.
f.1 Negotiation must be used to pacify, control, and subdue the situation. No use of force is authorized if, after
the assault, the authorities have regained control of the situation and that there is no possibility that the
assaulting inmate may attack again.
NON-DEADLY FORCE CONTINUUM

The warden or his duly designated representative or the team leader of the custodial and security force or the
team leader of a task force shall:
a. Ascertain or recognize that there is indeed a need to assert authority over erring inmates after exhaustion of
efforts to settle issues, demands and sentiments;
b. Evaluate the situation and decide on the degree of non-deadly force to be employed taking into
consideration the following circumstances:
- The possibility that the incident could escalate into a more serious one;
- The skill and experience of the jail personnel who will administer the non-deadly force; and
- The compliance of inmates or their sincerity to negotiate for surrender.
c. Continue negotiation notwithstanding the use of non-deadly force. Resume negotiation if inmates show
willingness to cooperate.
d. Resort to non-deadly force when the use of words does not control and the use of deadly weapon is

inappropriate.
e. Authorize the use of non-deadly force in cases where inmates are noncompliant despite verbal containment
or the gravity of the situation dictates that verbal containment is not appropriate.
f. Authorized use:
f.1Physical contact
 Jail Officers must be adequately and appropriately trained for the purpose. The height, built and age of the
inmate must also be taken into consideration in selecting the most appropriate jail officer.
 Inmates must not be armed.
 Blows must be directed to non-fatal parts of the body such as hands, legs etc.
f.2Chemical/Electrical/Inflammatory (CEI) agents
 Resort to or use of this kind of weapon only when there are personnel trained for the purpose. Prior to use
of CEI agents, a paramedic must be available to provide first aid.
 The use of CEI weapon should be exercised with due diligence since sparks from these weapons are
capable of igniting flammable materials thus causing more serious harm (e.g. fire
and explosion) and injury;
 The health and physical condition of inmates must be taken into consideration in choosing this non-deadly
force for this may be fatal to inmates with asthma, etc.;
 The ventilation of the area should also be taken into consideration.
f.3 Impact weapons
 Only trained jail officers are authorized to use impact weapons.
 Fatal parts of the body must be avoided since these weapons are also capable of inflicting serious and
even deadly harm.
g. The use of non-deadly force shall be authorized only to temporarily incapacitate inmate and bring him/her
back the control of the authorities.
a. Riot
a.1Open Field
a.1.1 With continued verbalization, ascertain whether inmates
are armed or not to determine the appropriate force to be used.
a.1.2 Isolate and secure non-participating inmates.
a.1.3 If inmates are unarmed but resistant, use impact weapons.
a.2Close Field
a.2.1 Carefully assess the situation to minimize the risk to inmates and responding personnel.
a.2.2 Physical contact may be discouraged since this is a close field incident and it might endanger the life of
the responding jail officer.
a.2.3 Determine whether the use of chemical weapon is appropriate. Consider ventilation and amount of
chemical weapon to be used as it may put the lives of the personnel or
inmates at risk.
a.2.4 Impact weapons shall only be applied by trained personnel
a.2.5 Use other means of non-deadly force in a proper and considerate manner.
b. Noise barrage
b.1 At the first stage of violence, non-deadly force shall be considered.
b.2 CEI weapons may be used to pacify or subdue inmates only if incident is escalating to violence.
b.3 Non-deadly impact weapons shall be deployed only when there is apparent threat to life and property.
c. Hostage
c.1 If the hostage-taker is unarmed, use of non-deadly force may be authorized. However, try to minimize the

risk of injury.
c.2 If the hostage-takers are armed, impact weapons might be utilized to subdue the inmates. Careful
evaluation of the situation is needed to determine whether impact weapons are sufficient or not.
d. Lock down
d.1 Determine how long do the inmates have controlled the facility. Reasonable time is dependent on each
situation and within the discretion of the authorities.
d.2 If inmates are unarmed, physical force is possible by individual restraint. It is also important to consider the
number of inmates involved in the incident and the availability of manpower to individually restrain each inmate
and eventually pull them out of the facility.
d.3 If inmates are armed, use chemical, electrical and other inflammatory agents to control inmates.
d.4 Notwithstanding the use of non-deadly force, negotiation should be continuous.
d.5 Non deadly force shall be immediately discontinued when it is apparent that the inmates are ready to give
up the controlled facility.
e. Rescue
e.1 Immediately alert the proper authorities as regard the rescue. e.2 In case of rescue inside the jail facility
and the rescuers are heavily armed, use CEI weapon to incapacitate the rescuers and rescue inmates. The
ventilation and the space must be taken into consideration when using chemical weapons.
e.3 Never use CEI weapon in case of rescue while on transit if there are innocent civilians who might be
affected.
e.4 As much as possible, in cases of rescue while on transit, the nearest police station or the jail must be
immediately informed of the incident for proper back up.
e.5 Physical force and impact weapons shall be used only when rescuers are armed.
f. Assault
f.1 CEI weapon may be used to temporarily incapacitate the assaulting inmate, and to rescue the victim.
Authorities may also use this to control the situation.
f.2 Use physical restraint if the assaulting inmate is not armed.
f.3 Use impact weapons if inmates remain non-compliant after several hours of negotiation and if they are
unarmed.
DEADLY FORCE CONTINUUM

The warden or his superior shall:
a. Notwithstanding the exercise of deadly force, exhaust efforts of verbalization and persuasion to contain,
subdue and control incident;
b. Resort to use of deadly force only after failure of negotiation or nondeadly force intervention;
c. Use deadly force only to incapacitate inmates or restrict the mobility of inmates and the same should not be
aimed at any fatal part of the
body;
d. Do authorize the use of deadly force or non-deadly force when no force is needed to resolve the situation
and immediately order personnel concerned to discontinue the use of deadly force after the necessity of
using it has ended;
e. Include in his repertoire the threat to use of deadly force such as pointing a gun against an inmate;
f. Employ deadly force only in defense of life or if there is reasonable ground to believe that there is grave and
imminent danger to the life of the jail officer himself, fellow jail officers, inmate/inmates and innocent
civilians; and
g. Exercise the use of deadly force with reasonable care and diligence to justify its use.
a. Riot

a. 1Open Field
a.1.1 Deadly force shall be used if inmates are armed and uncontrollable or;
a.1.2 When negotiation fails and lives are in grave and imminent danger.
a.1.3 Shall be used only after non-participating inmates are properly isolated and secured.
a.2Close Field
a.2.1 Deadly force may be used only if despite the use of nondeadly force, inmates remain non-compliant.
a.2.2 Prior to use of deadly force, the authorities should have properly identified the inmates involved in the
riot.
b. Noise Barrage
Deadly force shall be employed if in case a situation escalates into a serious condition or other inmates have
resorted to violence and have posed grave and imminent danger to the lives of inmates and jail personnel.
c. Hostage taking
c.1 Deadly force may be used if there is total failure of negotiation and the inmates remain non-compliant
despite the use of nondeadly force;
c.2 If the hostage takers are armed;
c.3 A hostage or hostages had been killed; and c.4 Immediately discontinue use of deadly force if there are
signs that the use of force is not already appropriate such as when hostage takers already show signs of
surrender.
d. Lockdown
d.1 When the erring inmates have assaulted fellow inmates who refused to participate in the lockdown.
d.2 If there is a reasonable ground to believe that there is grave and imminent danger to the lives of inmates
and personnel in the facility.
e. Rescue
e.1 In case of rescue by outside forces or in any situation during rescue where lives of inmates and personnel
are on grave and imminent danger, or when it is established that the rescuers are determined to inflict harm or
injury.
e.2 If part of the facility is destroyed or if the jail security is severely jeopardized by rescue attempt.
e.3 Never use firearms in case of rescue while on transit if it such would pose grave and imminent danger to
the lives of the people living in the area.
f. Assault
f.1 When use of deadly force is authorized to incapacitate the assaulting party and prevent him from attacking
other people.
WARNING SHOT
1. Disadvantages of warning shot
a. Warning shots may pose risks to innocent civilians, inmates and jail personnel.
b. Warning shots may cause an armed fleeing inmate to fire back believing that the shot was intended to kill
him.
c. Jail personnel could inadvertently shoot the inmate on fatal part of the body resulting to his death.
d. When exercised negligently, warning shots may cause injury to persons or damage to property.
2. Advantages of warning shot

a. Warning shots when exercised properly are effective ways to stop a fleeing inmate or vehicle.
b. Firing warning shots would draw the attention of other people to the ongoing commotion or incident.
c. It would caution other jail officers about the ongoing commotion, thus making them respond immediately.
3. Authorized situations

a. The shot should not be aimed at the fatal parts of the body nor at a particular person.
b. Since they constitute deadly force, warning shots must be exercised with due diligence and only if the jail
personnel reasonably believe that the inmate/inmates pose grave and imminent threat to the lives
of innocent civilians, inmates and jail personnel in the area.
c. Warning shots are authorized in open field but not in close field. In giving a warning shot, extra prudence
must be exercised to ensure that it will not cause any injury to any person or damage to property.

MODULE IV
1. Understand RA 10575 and RA 10592;
2. Discuss RA 10575 and RA 10592.
RA 10592 (GCTA Law)/RA 10575 (BUCOR Act of 2013)
PART 1: REPUBLIC ACT No. 10592

AN ACT AMENDING ARTICLES 29, 94, 97, 98 AND 99 OF A CT NO. 3815, AS AMENDED,
OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE REVISED PENAL CODE
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:
Section 1. Article 29 of Act No. 3815, as amended, otherwise known as the Revised Penal Code, is hereby
further amended to read as follows:
"ART. 29. Period of preventive imprisonment deducted from term of imprisonment. – Offenders or accused
who have undergone preventive imprisonment shall be credited in the service of their sentence consisting of
deprivation of liberty, with the full time during which they have undergone preventive imprisonment if the
detention prisoner agrees voluntarily in writing after being informed of the effects thereof and with the
assistance of counsel to abide by the same disciplinary rules imposed upon convicted prisoners, except in the
following cases:
"1. When they are recidivists, or have been convicted previously twice or more times of any crime; and
"2. When upon being summoned for the execution of their sentence they have failed to surrender voluntarily.
"If the detention prisoner does not agree to abide by the same disciplinary rules imposed upon convicted
prisoners, he shall do so in writing with the assistance of a counsel and shall be credited in the service of his
sentence with four-fifths of the time during which he has undergone preventive imprisonment.
"Credit for preventive imprisonment for the penalty of reclusion perpetua shall be deducted from thirty (30)
years.1âwphi1
"Whenever an accused has undergone preventive imprisonment for a period equal to the possible maximum
imprisonment of the offense charged to which he may be sentenced and his case is not yet terminated, he
shall be released immediately without prejudice to the continuation of the trial thereof or the proceeding on
appeal, if the same is under review. Computation of preventive imprisonment for purposes of immediate
release under this paragraph shall be the actual period of detention with good conduct time
allowance: Provided, however, That if the accused is absent without justifiable cause at any stage of the trial,
the court may motu proprio order the rearrest of the accused: Provided, finally, That recidivists, habitual

delinquents, escapees and persons charged with heinous crimes are excluded from the coverage of this Act. In
case the maximum penalty to which the accused may be sentenced is lestierro, he shall be released after thirty
(30) days of preventive imprisonment."
Section 2. Article 94 of the same Act is hereby further amended to read as follows:
"ART. 94. Partial extinction of criminal liability. – Criminal liability is extinguished partially:
"1. By conditional pardon;
"2. By commutation of the sentence; and
"3. For good conduct allowances which the culprit may earn while he is undergoing preventive imprisonment or
serving his sentence."
"ART. 97. Allowance for good conduct. – The good conduct of any offender qualified for credit for preventive
imprisonment pursuant to Article 29 of this Code, or of any convicted prisoner in any penal institution,
rehabilitation or detention center or any other local jail shall entitle him to the following deductions from the
period of his sentence:
"1. During the first two years of imprisonment, he shall be allowed a deduction of twenty days for each month
of good behavior during detention;
"2. During the third to the fifth year, inclusive, of his imprisonment, he shall be allowed a reduction of twenty-
three days for each month of good behavior during detention;
"3. During the following years until the tenth year, inclusive, of his imprisonment, he shall be allowed a
deduction of twenty-five days for each month of good behavior during detention;
"4. During the eleventh and successive years of his imprisonment, he shall be allowed a deduction of thirty
days for each month of good behavior during detention; and
"5. At any time during the period of imprisonment, he shall be allowed another deduction of fifteen days, in
addition to numbers one to four hereof, for each month of study, teaching or mentoring service time rendered.
"An appeal by the accused shall not deprive him of entitlement to the above allowances for good conduct."
"ART. 98. Special time allowance for loyalty. – A deduction of one fifth of the period of his sentence shall be
granted to any prisoner who, having evaded his preventive imprisonment or the service of his sentence under
the circumstances mentioned in Article 158 of this Code, gives himself up to the authorities within 48 hours
following the issuance of a proclamation announcing the passing away of the calamity or catastrophe referred
to in said article. A deduction of two-fifths of the period of his sentence shall be granted in case said prisoner
chose to stay in the place of his confinement notwithstanding the existence of a calamity or catastrophe
enumerated in Article 158 of this Code.
"This Article shall apply to any prisoner whether undergoing preventive imprisonment or serving sentence."
Section 5. Article 99 of the same Act is hereby further amended to read as follows:"
"ART. 99. Who grants time allowances. – Whenever lawfully justified, the Director of the Bureau of Corrections,
the Chief of the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology and/or the Warden of a provincial, district, municipal
or city jail shall grant allowances for good conduct. Such allowances once granted shall not be revoked."
Section 6. Penal Clause. – Faithful compliance with the provisions of this Act is hereby mandated. As such, the
penalty of one (1) year imprisonment, a fine of One hundred thousand pesos (P 100,000.00) and perpetual
disqualification to hold office shall be imposed against any public officer or employee who violates the
provisions of this Act.
Section 7. Implementing Rules and Regulations. – The Secretary of the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the
Secretary of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) shall within sixty (60) days from the
approval of this Act, promulgate rules and regulations on the classification system for good conduct and time
allowances, as may be necessary, to implement the provisions of this Act.
Section 8. Separability Clause. – If any part hereof is held invalid or unconstitutional, the remainder of the
provisions not otherwise affected shall remain valid and subsisting.
Section 9. Repealing Clause. – Any law, presidential decree or issuance, executive order, letter of instruction,
administrative order, rule or regulation contrary to or inconsistent with the provisions of this Act is hereby
repealed, modified or amended accordingly.
Section 10. Effectivity Clause. – This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days from its publication in the Official

Gazette or in at least two (2) new papers of general circulation.
Approved,
(Sgd.) JUAN PONCE ENRILE (Sgd.) FELICIANO BELMONTE JR.

President of the Senate Speaker of the House of Representatives
This Act which is a consolidation of Senate Bill No. 3064 and House Bill No. 417 was finally passed by the
Senate and the House of Representatives on November 5, 2012 and January 28, 2013, respectively.
(Sgd.) EDWIN B. BELLEN (Sgd.) MARILYN B. BARUA-YAP

Acting Senate Secretary Secretary General
House of Representatives
Approved: MAY 29 2013
PART II REPUBLIC ACT No. 10575
AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE BUREAU OF CORRECTIONS (BUCOR) AND PROVIDING FUNDS
THEREFOR
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled:
Section 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as "The Bureau of Corrections Act of 2013″.
Section 2. Declaration of Policy. – It is the policy of the State to promote the general welfare and safeguard the
basic rights of every prisoner incarcerated in our national penitentiary. It also recognizes the responsibility of
the State to strengthen government capability aimed towards the institutionalization of highly efficient and
competent correctional services.
Towards this end, the State shall provide for the modernization, professionalization and restructuring of the
Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) by upgrading its facilities, increasing the number of its personnel, upgrading the
level of qualifications of their personnel and standardizing their base pay, retirement and other benefits, making
it at par with that of the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP).
Section 3. Definition of Terms. –
(a) Safekeeping, which is the custodial component of the BuCor’s present corrections system, shall refer to the
act that ensures the public (including families of inmates and their victims) that national inmates are provided
with their basic needs, completely incapacitated from further committing criminal acts, and have been totally
cut off from their criminal networks (or contacts in the free society) while serving sentence inside the premises
of the national penitentiary. This act also includes protection against illegal organized armed groups which
have the capacity of launching an attack on any prison camp of the national penitentiary to rescue their
convicted comrade or to forcibly amass firearms issued to prison guards.
(b) Reformation, which is the rehabilitation component of the BuCor’s present corrections system, shall refer to
the acts which ensure the public (including families of inmates and their victims) that released national inmates
are no longer harmful to the community by becoming reformed individuals prepared to live a normal and
productive life upon reintegration to the mainstream society.
Section 4. The Mandates of the Bureau of Corrections. – The BuCor shall be in charge of safekeeping and
instituting reformation programs to national inmates sentenced to more than three (3) years.
(a) Safekeeping of National Inmates – The safekeeping of inmates shall include decent provision of quarters,
food, water and clothing in compliance with established United Nations standards. The security of the inmates
shall be undertaken by the Custodial Force consisting of Corrections Officers with a ranking system and salary
grades similar to its counterpart in the BJMP.
(b) Reformation of National Inmates – The reformation programs, which will be instituted by the BuCor for the
inmates, shall be the following:
(1) Moral and Spiritual Program;
(2) Education and Training Program;
(3) Work and Livelihood Program;
(4) Sports and Recreation Program;
(5) Health and Welfare Program; and
(6) Behavior Modification Program, to include Therapeutic Community.

(c) The reformation programs shall be undertaken by Professional Reformation Personnel consisting of
Corrections Technical Officers with ranking system and salary grades similar to Corrections Officers.
(1) Corrections Technical Officers are personnel employed in the implementation of reformation programs and
those personnel whose nature of work requires proximate or direct contact with inmates.
(2) Corrections Technical Officers include priests, evangelists, pastors, teachers, instructors, professors,
vocational placement officers, librarians, guidance counselors, physicians, nurses, medical technologists,
pharmacists, dentists, therapists, psychologists, psychiatrists, sociologists, social workers, engineers,
electricians, agriculturists, veterinarians, lawyers and similar professional skills relevant to the implementation
of inmate reformation programs.
Section 5. Operations of the Bureau of Corrections. – (a) The BuCor shall operate with a directorial structure. It
shall undertake reception of inmates through its Directorate for Reception and Diagnostics (DRD), formerly
Reception and Diagnostic Center (RDC), provide basic needs and security through its Security and Operations
Directorates, administer reformation programs through its Reformation Directorates, and prepare inmates for
reintegration to mainstream society through its Directorate for External Relations (DER), formerly External
Relations Division (ERD).
(b) The DRD shall be responsible for the conduct of classification of each and every inmate admitted to the
BuCor. Inmates shall be classified according to security risk and sentence. Included in the classification is
determining inmate’s certain skills or talents, physical, spiritual, social, mental and psychological evaluation
and other behavioral assessments, as reference of the DRD in the preparation of individual inmate reformation
programs.
(c) Aside from those borne of the provisions under Rule 8, Part I, Rules of General Application of the United
Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners and that of the existing regulation of the
BuCor on security classification (i.e. maximum, medium and minimum security risk), inmates shall also be
internally classified by the DRD and segregated according to crimes committed based on the related penal
codes such as Crimes Against Persons, Crimes Against Properties, Crimes Against Chastity, so on and so
forth, as well as by other related Special Laws, Custom and Immigration Laws.
(d) From the DRD, the Custodial Force and Reformation Personnel of respective security institutions/camps
shall be in charge for the security and the implementation of the recommended inmate reformation program of
each and every inmate while serving sentence, respectively.
(e) The Directorate for External Relations (DER) shall be responsible for pre-release and post-release
programs of inmates due for release. The DER shall also classify inmates according to skills acquired for
referral and endorsement to appropriate companies or corporations participating in the BuCor On-The-Job
Training Programs for newly reformed inmates. The DER shall also evaluate, classify and apply necessary
programs to inmates for readiness to join the mainstream society upon release.
(f) Apart from handling inmates, the BuCor shall administratively operate like a standard government agency
through its Administrative Directorates with internal control and internal audit units.
(g) The BuCor shall employ full computerization in the build-up, maintenance and transmittal of necessary
inmate records to all its Prison and Penal Farms and other recipient agencies (i.e. Board of Pardons and
Parole).
Section 6. Lands of the Bureau of Corrections. – (a) Aside from administrative purposes, all BuCor lands shall
be used for inmate security, reformation programs and as a means to promote sustainability, both for income
and non-income generating programs, with or without partnership among nongovernment organizations, civic
organizations or other government entities.
(b) As a way to maximize its assets’ value for the effective and extensive reformation (corrections) programs
for national inmates, the BuCor shall have the absolute authority to design, formulate and implement land-use
development plans and policies.
(c) The BuCor may propose additional penal farms as may be necessary as possible, aside from its existing
seven (7) prison and penal farms to decongest existing penal institutions and accommodate the increasing
number of inmates committed to the agency.
(d) All BuCor lands shall have a Certificate of Title registered under its name.
Section 7. Facilities of the Bureau of Corrections. – The BuCor shall operate with standard and uniform design
of prison facilities, reformation facilities and administrative facilities, through all the operating prison and penal

farms, such as the following:
(a) Dormitory;
(b) Administration building;
(c) Perimeter/Security fences;
(d) Hospital/Infirmary;
(e) Recreation/Multipurpose Hall;
(f) Training/Lecture center;
(g) Workshop facility;
(h) Mess hall/kitchen;
(i) Visiting area;
(j) Water tank and pump;
(k) Reception and diagnostic center; and
(l) Service personnel facilities.
Section 8. Supervision of the Bureau of Corrections. – The Department of Justice (DOJ), having the BuCor as
a line bureau and a constituent unit, shall maintain a relationship of administrative supervision with the latter as
defined under Section 38(2), C hapter 7, Book IV of Executive Order No. 292 (Administrative Code of 1987),
except that the DOJ shall retain authority over the power to review, reverse, revise or modify the decisions of
the BuCor in the exercise of its regulatory or quasi-judicial functions.
Section 9. Organization and Key Positions of the Bureau of Corrections. – (a) The BuCor shall be headed by a
Director who shall be assisted by three (3) Deputy Directors: one (1) for administration, one (1) for security and
operations and one (1) for reformation, all of whom shall be appointed by the President upon the
recommendation of the Secretary of the DOJ: Provided, That the Director and the Deputy Directors of the
BuCor shall serve a tour of duty not to exceed six (6) years from the date of appointment: Provided,
further, That in times of war or other national emergency declared by Congress, the President may extend
such tour of duty.
(b) The Head of the BuCor, with the rank of Undersecretary, shall have the position and title of Director
General of Corrections. The second officers in command of the BuCor, with the rank of Assistant Secretary,
shall have the position and title of Deputy Directors of Corrections. The third officer in command of the BuCor,
with the rank of Chief Superintendent, shall have the position and title of Corrections Chief Superintendent.
The fourth officer in command of the BuCor, with the rank of Senior Superintendent, shall have the position
and title of Corrections Senior Superintendent. The fifth officer in command of the BuCor, with the rank of
Superintendent, shall have the position and title of Corrections Superintendent.
(c) The Department of Budget and Management (DBM) shall rationalize the existing organizational structure
and staffing pattern of the BuCor in accordance with the provisions of this Act and relevant compensation and
position classification laws, rules and regulations.
Section 10. Increase of Personnel. – The BuCor shall maintain the custodial personnel-to-inmate ratio of 1:7
and reformation personnel-to-inmate ratio of 1:24. Hence, it is authorized to increase its manpower to meet
such ratio and may continue to increase personnel per percentage rate increase of committed inmates
annually or as the need arises.
Section 11. Professionalization and Upgrading of Qualification Standards in the Appointment of the BuCor
Personnel. – (a) No person shall be appointed as personnel of the BuCor unless one possesses the following
minimum qualifications:
(1) A citizen of the Republic of the Philippines;
(2) A person of good moral character;
(3) Must have passed the psychiatric/psychological, drug and physical test for the purpose of determining
his/her physical and mental health;
(4) Must possess a baccalaureate degree from a recognized learning institution;
(5) Must possess the appropriate civil service eligibility;
(6) Must not have been dishonorably discharged or dismissed for cause from previous employment;
(7) Must not have been convicted by final judgment of an offense or crime involving moral turpitude; and
(8) Must be at least one meter and sixty-two centimeters (1.62 m.) in height for male, and one meter and fifty-
seven centimeters (1.57 m.) for female: Provided, That a waiver for height and age requirement/s may be

granted to applicants belonging to the cultural communities: Provided, further, That a new applicant must not
be less than twenty-one (21) or more than forty (40) years of age. Except for this particular provision, the
above-enumerated qualifications shall be continuing in character and an absence of any one of them at any
given time shall be ground for separation or retirement from the service: Provided, furthermore, That those who
are already in the service upon the effectivity of this Act shall be given five (5) years from the date of such
effectivity to obtain the minimum educational qualification and eligibility with subsidiary assistance as provided
for in this Act.
(b) After the lapse of the period for the satisfaction of a specific requirement, incumbent personnel of the BuCor
who fail to satisfy any of the requirements enumerated under this section shall be separated from the service if
they are below fifty (50) years of age and have served in the government for less than twenty (20) years, or
retired if they are fifty (50) years and above and have served in the government for at least twenty (20) years
without prejudice in either case to the payment of benefits they may be entitled to under existing laws.
(c) For sustained professionalism in the service, the BuCor is directed to conduct study for the feasible
establishment of the Philippine Corrections Academy, patterned after the Philippine National Police Academy
(PNPA) of the Philippine National Police (PNP) and the Philippine Military Academy (PMA) of the Armed
Forces of Philippines (AFP) for its commissioned officers.
(d) The BuCor shall continue training its personnel through its Personnel Training School, which shall be
renamed as Corrections Training School/Institute patterned after the BJMP’s Jail National Training Institute
(JNTI), the Bureau of Fire’s Fire National Training Institute (FNTI) and the PNP’s National Training Institute
(PNTI).
Section 12. Appointment of Personnel to the BuCor. – The appointment of the BuCor shall be effected in the
following manner:
(a) Corrections Officer I to Corrections Chief Superintendent – Appointed by the Director General of
Corrections, and attested by the Civil Service Commission (CSC); and
(b) Director General of Corrections and Deputy Director of Corrections – Appointed by the President upon the
recommendation of the Secretary of the DOJ, with the proper endorsement by the Chairman of the CSC.
Section 13. Lateral Entry of Officer into the BuCor. – In general, all original appointments of officers in the
BuCor shall commence with the rank of Corrections Inspector wherein applicants for lateral entry into the
BuCor shall include all those with highly specialized and technical qualifications such as, but not limited to, civil
engineers, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, chemical engineers, chemists, architects,
criminologists, certified public accountants, nurses, physical therapists, dentists, social workers, psychologists,
sociologists, guidance counselors and teachers. Doctors of Medicine, members of the Philippine Bar and
chaplains shall be appointed to the rank of Corrections Senior Inspector in their particular technical service.
Section 14. Professionalization and Upgrading of Qualification Standards in the Designation of Personnel of
the BuCor to Key Positions. –
(a) No person shall be designated to the following key positions of the BuCor unless one has met the
qualifications provided therein:
(1) Sub-Colony Supervisor – Should have the rank of Senior Inspector, who must have finished at least-second
year Bachelor of Laws or earned at least twelve (12) units in a master’s degree program in management,
public administration, public safety, criminology, penology, sociology, national security administration, defense
studies or other related disciplines from a recognized institution of learning, and must have satisfactorily
passed the necessary training or career courses for such position as may be established by the BuCor;
(2) Colony Assistant Superintendent – Should have the rank of Chief Inspector, who must have finished at
least second year Bachelor of Laws or earned at least twenty-four (24) units in a master’s degree program in
management, public administration, public safety, criminology, penology, sociology, national security
administration, defense studies or other related disciplines from a recognized institution of learning, and must
have satisfactorily passed the necessary training or career courses for such position as may be established by
the BuCor;
(3) Colony Superintendent – Should have the rank of Superintendent, who must be a graduate of Bachelor of
Laws or a holder of a master’s degree in management, public administration, public safety, criminology,
penology, sociology, national security administration, defense studies or other related disciplines from a
recognized institution of learning, and must have satisfactorily passed the necessary training or career courses

for such position as may be established by the BuCor: Provided, That in prison and penal farms with an inmate
population of two thousand (2,000) but below three thousand (3,000), the Colony Superintendent shall have
the rank and qualification of a Colony Senior Superintendent; and
(4) Regional Superintendent – Should have the rank of Senior Superintendent or Chief Superintendent, who
must be a graduate of Bachelor of Laws or a holder of a master’s degree in management, public
administration, public safety, criminology, penology, sociology, national security administration, defense
studies or other related disciplines from a recognized institution of learning, and must have satisfactorily
passed the necessary training or career courses for such position as may be established by the
BuCor: Provided, That in prison and penal farms with an inmate population of three thousand (3,000) but below
five thousand (5,000), the Regional Superintendent shall have the rank and qualification of a Colony Senior
Superintendent: Provided, further, That in prison and penal farms with an inmate population of over five
thousand (5,000), the Regional Superintendent shall have the rank and qualification of a Chief Superintendent.
Any personnel of the BuCor who is currently occupying such position but lacks any of the qualifications
mentioned therein shall be given five (5) years to comply with the requirements; otherwise, the personnel shall
be relieved from the position.
Section 15. Professionalization and Qualifications Upgrading Program. – The DOJ shall design and establish a
professionalization and qualifications upgrading program for personnel of the BuCor, in coordination with the
CSC and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), through an off-campus education program or other
similar programs within ninety (90) days from the effectivity of this Act.
Section 16. Attrition System for the Personnel of the BuCor. – There shall be established a system of attrition
for the personnel of the BuCor within five (5) years from the effectivity of this Act, to be submitted by the said
bureau to the DOJ for approval. Such attrition system shall include, but is not limited to, the provision of the
following principles:
(a) Attrition by Demotion in Position or Rank – Any personnel of the BuCor who is relieved and assigned to a
position lower than what is established for the grade in the respective staffing pattern, and who shall not be
assigned to a position commensurate to one’s grade within two (2) years after such demotion in position shall
be separated or retired from the service;
(b) Attrition by Non-Promotion – Any personnel of the BuCor who has not been promoted for a continuous
period often (10) years shall be separated or retired from the service, except for those who are occupying a
third level position;
(c) Attrition by Other Means – Any personnel of the BuCor with at least five (5) years of accumulated active
service shall be separated from the service based on any of the following factors:
(1) Inefficiency based on poor performance during the last two (2) successive semestral rating periods;
(2) Inefficiency based on poor performance for three (3) cumulative semestral rating periods;
(3) Physical and/or mental incapacity to perform one’s duties and functions; or
(4) Failure to complete the required career courses and/or appropriate civil service eligibility for his/her position
except for justifiable cause or reason; and
(d) Separation or Retirement from the BuCor under this Section – Any personnel who is dismissed from the
BuCor pursuant to the above-enumerated principles in this section shall be separated if one has rendered less
than twenty (20) years of service, and be retired if one has rendered at least twenty (20) years of service
unless the concerned personnel is disqualified by law to receive such benefits.
Section 17. Promotion System for the Personnel of the BuCor. – Within six (6) months after the effectivity of
this Act, the BuCor shall establish a system of promotion for the personnel of the BuCor through the following
principles:
(a) Rationalized Promotion System – The system of promotion shall be based on merit and on the availability
of vacant ranks in the BuCor staffing pattern. Such system shall be gender-fair so as to ensure that women
personnel of the BuCor shall enjoy equal opportunity for promotion as to men;
(b) Requirements for Promotion –
(1) Any personnel of the BuCor shall not be eligible for promotion to a higher rank unless one has met the
minimum qualification standards or the appropriate civil service eligibility set by the CSC, and has satisfactorily
passed the required psychiatric/psychological, drug and physical test; and
(2) Any personnel of the BuCor who has exhibited acts of conspicuous courage and gallantry at the risk of

one’s life above and beyond the call of duty, or selected as such in a nationwide search conducted by any
accredited civic organization, shall be promoted to the next higher rank: Provided, That these shall be validated
by the DOJ and the CSC based on established criteria.
Section 18. Performance Evaluation System. – (a) There shall be established a performance evaluation
system which shall be administered in accordance with the rules, regulations and standards, and a code of
conduct for the personnel of the BuCor to be promulgated by the BuCor through the DOJ. Such performance
evaluation system shall be administered in such a way as to foster the improvement of the individual efficiency
and behavioral discipline, as well as the promotion of organizational effectiveness and commitment to public
service.
(b) The rating system as contemplated herein shall be based on standards prescribed by the BuCor through
the DOJ and shall be considered the result of the annual psychiatric/psychological and physical test conducted
on the personnel of the BuCor.
Section 19. Standardization of the Base Pay and Other Benefits of the Uniformed Personnel of the BuCor. – In
order to enhance the general welfare, commitment to service and professionalism, the following are considered
uniformed personnel of the BuCor:
CUSTODIAL RANK REFORMATION RANK
Corrections Chief Superintendent
Corrections Senior Superintendent Corrections Technical Senior Superintendent
Corrections Superintendent Corrections Technical Superintendent
Corrections Chief Inspector Corrections Technical Chief Inspector
Corrections Senior Inspector Corrections Technical Senior Inspector
Corrections Inspector Corrections Technical Inspector
Corrections Senior Officer IV Corrections Technical Senior Officer IV
Corrections Senior Officer III Corrections Technical Senior Officer III
Corrections Senior Officer II Corrections Technical Senior Officer II
Corrections Senior Officer I Corrections Technical Senior Officer I
Corrections Officer III Corrections Technical Officer III
Corrections Officer II Corrections Technical Officer II
Corrections Officer I Corrections Technical Officer I
The DBM shall determine the equivalent rank of the uniformed personnel of the BuCor patterned after the
existing ranks of the military and uniformed personnel of other departments.
The base pay, allowances and other benefits of the abovementioned personnel shall be in accordance with the
existing compensation and position classification laws and regulations.
Section 20. Retirement Benefits. – Upon compulsory retirement, any custodial officer from the rank of
Corrections Chief Superintendent and below shall be entitled to retirement benefits computed on the basis of
one grade higher than the position last held: Provided, That the retirement pay shall be subject to adjustment/s
based on the prevailing scale of base pay of the uniformed personnel in the active service.
Section 21. Funding Source. – The funds required for the implementation of this Act including personnel
benefits shall be taken from the budget of the BuCor for the current fiscal year and also from the following:
(a) Collections from clearances and certification fees;
(b) Income from institutional projects subject to memoranda of agreements (MOAs), contracts or joint venture
agreements; and
(c) Other miscellaneous incomes (outside MOAs and contracts), such as:
(1) Penal farm agro-production; and
(2) Inmate handicraft industry.
Thereafter, such amounts as may be necessary to implement this Act shall be included in the annual General
Appropriations Act.
Section 22. Implementation. – The implementation of this Act shall be undertaken in staggered phases, but not
to exceed five (5) years, taking into consideration the financial position of the national
government: Provided, That any partial implementation shall be uniform and proportionate for all ranks.

Section 23. Implementing Rules and Regulations. – The DOJ, in coordination with the BuCor, the CSC, the
DBM and the Department of Finance (DOF), shall, within ninety (90) days from the effectivity of this Act,
promulgate the rules and regulations necessary to implement the provisions of this Act.
Section 24. Transitory Provisions. – (a) The incumbent Director and two (2) incumbent Assistant Directors shall
serve under the terms for which they have been appointed without need of new appointments upon the
enactment of this Act.
(b) All incumbent personnel who, upon the effectivity of this Act, shall opt to early or optionally retire from the
service will be entitled to the retirement benefits computed as follows:
<>Age Age Basis for Computing Benefits
57 62
<>58 63
59 64
60 65
(c) All incumbent personnel, upon the effectivity of this Act, may continue to render services until one reaches
the compulsory age of retirement for public officers of sixty-five (65). Those who shall be newly hired will have
a compulsory age retirement of fifty-six (56) years pursuant to the prevailing provisions on retirement age of
those who are in the uniformed services.
Section 25. Annual Report. – The BuCor, through the DOJ and the DBM, shall jointly submit to the President of
the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives an annual report on the implementation of this
Act. This report shall include information on the application of the budget for the salary and other benefits
provided under this Act. The DBM, in consultation with the BuCor through the DOJ, shall periodically review
and adjust every five (5) years the rates of base pay, taking into consideration labor productivity, consumer
price index, oil price and other similar economic indicators as may be determined by the National Economic
and Development Authority (NEDA).
Section 26. Separability Clause. – If any portion or provision of this Act is declared unconstitutional, the same
shall not affect the validity and effectivity of the other provisions not affected thereby.1âwphi1
Section 27. Repealing Clause. – All laws, decrees, orders, rules and regulations and other issuances, or parts
thereof, which are inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby deemed repealed, amended or
modified accordingly.
Section 28. Effectivity Clause. – This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its complete publication in
the Official Gazette or in at least two (2) newspapers of general circulation, whichever comes earlier.
Approved,
(Sgd.) JUAN PONCE ENRILE (Sgd.) FELICIANO BELMONTE JR.

President of the Senate Speaker of the House of Representatives
This Act which is a consolidation of House Bill No. 6887 and Senate Bill No. 3335 was finally passed by the
House of Representatives and the Senate on February 5, 2013 and February 6, 2013, respectively.
(Sgd.) EDWIN B. BELLEN (Sgd.) MARILYN B. BARUA-YAP

Acting Senate Secretary Secretary General
House of Representatives
Approved: MAY 24 2013


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A Self-regulated Learning Module

Republic of the Philippines

TITLE CONTENT PAGES

MODULE II The Administrative Organization and 45-61

MODULE III 63-114

EVALUATION Course Evaluation 125

INTRODUCTION OF THE MODULE

I. Course Code and Course Title:CRIM PROF 221:Institutional Correction

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2. Early Middle Ages (13th – 15th Centuries)

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2. Roman and Greek Codes

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2. Corporal punishment (punishment inflicted on the body especially by beating)

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RULES OF GENERAL APPLICATION

(a) Information concerning his identity;

(c) The day and hour of his admission and release.

(b) Untried prisoners shall be kept separate from convicted prisoners;

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(d) Young prisoners shall be kept separate from adults. Accommodation

11. In all places where prisoners are required to live or work,

Clothing and bedding

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Exercise and sport

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(a) The quantity, quality, preparation and service of food;

(c) The sanitation, heating, lighting and ventilation of the institution;

Discipline and punishment

(a) Conduct constituting a disciplinary offence;

(b) The types and duration of punishment which may be inflicted;

(c) The authority competent to impose such punishment.

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Information to and complaints by prisoners

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Contact with the outside world

Retention of prisoners' property

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Notification of death, illness, transfer, etc.

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(2) Whenever necessary, the services of an interpreter shall be used.

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Classification and individualization

67. The purposes of classification shall be:

71. (1) Prison labour must not be of an afflictive nature.

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Education and recreation

Social relations and after-care