LOCAL ENVIRONMENT (UNIT 1)

A. NEW WORDS, STRUCTURES AND GRAMMAR

I. New words

artisan (n) /ɑːtɪˈzæn/ thợ làm attraction (n) /əˈtrækʃn/ điểm hấp dẫn
nghề thủ
công

authenticity /ɔːθenˈtɪsəti/ thật cast (v) /kɑːst/ đúc (đồng…)

(n)
craft (n) /krɑːft/ nghề thủ craftsman (n) /ˈkrɑːftsmən/ thợ làm đồ thủ
công, kĩ công
năng làm
nghề thủ
công

cross (v) /krɒs/ đan chéo drumhead /drʌmhed/ mặt trống

(n)
embroider /ɪmˈbrɔɪdə/ thêu frame (n) /freɪm/ khung
(v)
handicraft /ˈhændɪkrɑːft/ sản phẩm lacquerware /ˈlækəweə/ đồ sơn mài
(n) thủ công (n)

layer (n) /ˈleɪə/ lớp (lá…) mould (v) /məʊld/ đổ khuôn, tạo
khuôn

preserve (v) /prɪˈzɜːv/ bảo vệ, bảo remind (v) /rɪˈmaɪnd/ gợi nhớ
tồn

sculpture (n) /ˈskʌlptʃə/ điêu khắc, set off (ph.v) /set ɒf/ khởi hành
đồ điêu
khắc

strip (n) /strɪp/ dải surface (n) /ˈsɜːfɪs/ bề mặt

team- /tiːm-ˈbɪldɪŋ/ xây dựng thread (n) /θred/ sợi

building đội ngũ
(adj)
treat (v) /triːt/ xử lí (chất turn up /tɜːn ʌp/ xuất hiện, đến
thải…) (ph.v) Sachmoi24h.com
weave (v) /wiːv/ đan (rổ, workshop (n) /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ công xưởng,
rá…), dệt xưởng
(vải…)

II. Grammar
- Review : Complex sentences (Adverb clauses of result, reasons, concession)
- Phrasal verbs

III. Phonetics: Stress on content words in sentences.

B. EXERCISES
I. Choose a word in each line that has different stress pattern:

1. A. famous B. village C. workshop D. bamboo

2. A. business B. experience C. grandparent D. chocolate
3. A. generation B. communicate C. historical D. environment
4. A. embroider B. department C. handicraft D. opinion
5. A. transfer B. publish C. accept D. remind
6. A. attraction B. artisan C. frame D. handicraft
7. A. drumhead B. illustration C. earplug D. drugstore
8. A. strip B. visual C. artistic D. remind
9. A. thread B. treat C. pleasure D. deadline
10. embroider B. preserve C. benefit D. effect

II. Read the following passage and choose the best option for each blank :

Many visitors come to Hartbridge to see the wonderful art (1) and museums, the
beautiful buildings and the fantastic parks. Few people go outside the city, and so they miss out on (2)
the scenery and the fascinating history of this beautiful area. This brochure will tell
you what you can see if you (3) a short bus ride out of the city.

The beautiful village of Tatterbridge was (4) to the children’s writer Jane Potter, whose
stories of Benjamin Bear (5) loved by adults and children around the world. Jane Potter’s
home is now a museum and tea shop, and is well (6) a visit just for its wonderful
gardens. It also has a gift shop where you can buy (7) and books. Tatterbridge has a
number of interesting shops (8) an excellent cake shop, and ‘Wendy’s Giftshop’ where
you can find lots of unusual gifts made (9) hand by local artists. Lovers of Jane Potter’s
books should also walk to the Green Valley woods, which have not changed since Jane Potter (10)
her stories there one hundred years ago.

1. A workshops B. galleries C. restaurants D. stations

2. A. understanding B. questioning C. welcoming D. experiencing
3. A. bring B. take C. drive D. sail
4. A. home B. school C. shop D. cottage
5. A. be B. have C. are D. been
6. A. excited B. worth C. value D. know
7. A. souvenirs B. materials C. costumes D. vegetables
8. A. purchasing B. advertising C. preserving D. including
9. A. at B. with C. by D. in
10. A. wrote B. designed C. moulded D. carved

III. Read the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T), or false (F):

Bau Truc pottery items are made from clay from the Quao River mixed with sand. Clay is collected
from the river only once a year, each lasting for half a month. Clay is taken more or less depending on
the ability of each person. In the clay collecting season, local people try to take as much clay as they can
to store, for use in an entire year.

Currently, people in Bau Truc pottery village still make pottery items in the traditional way. They do not
use the wheel but the craftsmen have to turn around the products. The potters shape their products by
their skillful hands and feet around a pole-round pillar, rather than on one wheel. From this step, silky
clay block initially gradually forms a smooth rounded hollow block, then the formation of flower vases,
or water pots.

Bau Truc’s craftsmen use wet cloths to make the product surface smooth. These items are decorated
with seashells, snails or hand-made paintings featuring the daily life of Bau Truc’s people.

T F
1. Cay can be collected from the Quao River all year round.
2. Bau Truc pottery is famous because people only use fine clay to make their
products.
3. People still make the pottery in the traditional way.
4. Craftsmen shape the pottery items only with their hands and feet.
5. The pots nowadays are shaped on the potter’s wheel.
6. Craftsmen use simple ways to make the product surface smooth.
7. The craftsmen’s skills can make the blocks of clay become lively and useful.
8. The designs of Bau Truc pottery reflect the life of local people. Sachmoi24h.com
IV. Complete the second sentence in each pair so that it has similar meaning to the first sentence :

1. I arrive on time in spite of the bad traffic.

 Although
2. David had good relationship with most of his colleagues.
 David gets
3. Lan was ill, so she didn’t go to Dong Ho village with her friends.
 Because
4. The children are eager to visit Hue next week.
 The children are looking
5. I’ll give you a call immediately after I have finished my work.
 As soon as

English 9 - CITY LIFE (UNIT 2)

A. NEW WORDS, STRUCTURES AND GRAMMAR
I. New words
Get over /DZet ɑǩȚvǩ(r)/ Vượt qua, khỏi Urban (adj) /ɑǬə(r)bǩn/ Thuộc đô
bệnh Urbanization (n) /ɕǬə(r)bǩnaǺɑzeǺȓ(ǩ)n/ thị
Show sb around Dẫn ai đi tham Urbanise (v) Sự thành thị
/ȓǩȚ ǩɑraȚnd / /ɑǬə(r)bǩnaǺzd/
quan Urban sprawl hóa
/sprǤəl/
Packed with Chật kín (n) Đô thị hóa
/pækt wǺð / Sự đô thị
hóa
Jet lag (n) /ɑdȢetɕlæDZ/ Hội chứng lệch Forbid (v) /fəˈbɪd/ Ngăn cấm
Jet-lagged (adj) /ɑdȢetɕlæDZd/ múi giờ (thường Forbidden (adj) Bị cấm cản
do đi máy bay)
Attractions (n) /ǩɑtrækȓ(ǩ)n/ Địa điểm thu hút Neighbor (n) /ɑneǺbǩ(r)/ Người hàng
Attractive (Adj) /ǩɑtræktǺv/
khách du lịch Neighborhood /ɑneǺbǩ(r)ɕhȚd/
xóm
Attractively Thu hút (n) Vùng lân
/ǩɑtræktǺvli/
(adv) cận
Convenient (adj) /kǩnɑviəniǩnt/ Tiện lợi Skyscraper (n) /ɑskaǺɕskreǺpǩ(r)/ Nhà cao
Convenience (n) /kǩnɑviəniǩns/
Sự thuận tiên chọc trời
Reliable (adj) /rǺɑlaǺǩb(ǩ)l/ Đáng tin cậy Conduct (v) /kǩnɑdȜkt/ Thực hiện
Reliability (n) /rǺɕlaǺǩɑbǺlǺti/
Sự đáng tin cậy
Metropolitan (a) /ɕmetrǩɑpǢlǺt(ǩ)n/ Thuộc thủ đô Determine (v) /dǺɑtǬə(r)mǺn/ Quyết định
Metropolis (n) /mǩɑtrǢpǩlǺs/ Thủ đô, thủ ohur Determination /dǺɕtǬə(r)mǺɑneǺȓ(ǩ)n/ Sự quyết
chính (n) định
Variety (n) /vǩɑraǺǩti/ Sự đa dạng Indicate (v) /ɑǺndǺkeǺt/ Biểu thị
Various (adj) /ɑveǩriǩs/ Khác nhau Indicator (n) /ɑǺndǺɕkeǺtǩ(r)/ Chỉ số
Varied (adj) Đa dạng
/ɑveǩrǺd/
Wander (v) /ɑwǢndǩ(r)/ Đi lang thang Conflict (n) /ɑkǢnflǺkt/ Xung đột

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Oceania (n) /ɕǩȚsiɑǡəniǩ/ Châu Đại Dương Asset (n) /ɑæset/ Tài sản
Oceanic (adj) /ɕǩȚȓiɑænǺk/
Thuộc đại dương
Afford (v) /ǩɑfǤə(r)d/ Có đủ khả năng Index (n) /ɑǺndeks/ Chỉ số
Affordable (adj) /ǩɑfǤə(r)dǩb(ǩ)l/ Giá cả phải
chăng
Exhibit (v) /ǺDZɑzǺbǺt/ Trưng bày Religion (n) /rǺɑlǺdȢ(ǩ)n/ Tôn giáo
Exhibition (n) /ɕeksǺɑbǺȓ(ǩ)n/ Buổi triển lãm Religious (adj) /rǩɑlǺdȢǩs/ Thuộc tôn
giáo
Metro (n) /ɑmetrǩȚ/ Tàu điện ngầm Dweller (n) /ɑdwelǩ(r)/ Cư dân

II. Grammar:

- Review: Comparison of adjectives and adverbs

- Phrasal verbs

B. PRONUNCIATION:

Stress on pronouns in sentences

C. EXERCISES
I. Choose the options whose stress pattern is different from others’.
1. A. urban B. asset C. metro D. conduct
2. A. factor B. medium C. conflict D. downtown
3. A. fabulous B. reliable C. variety D. forbidden
4. A. negative B. indicator C. determine D. skyscraper
5. A. metropolitan B. affordable C. Oceania D. multicultural
6. A. conduct B. ancient C. drawback D. feature
7. A. determine B. pagoda C. fabulous D. convenient
8. A. intelligence B. facility C. development D. education
9. A. metropolitan B. university C. organization D. multicultural
10. A. fascinate B. expensive C. restaurant D. difference
11. A. populous B. determine C. forbidden D. delicious Sachmoi24h.com
12. A. metropolitan B. fascinating C. multicultural D. recreational
13. A. skyscraper B. convenience C. resident D. vehicle
14. A. affordable B. environment C. variety D. indicator

II. Choose the options whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the rest.
1. A. conduct B. difficult C. struck D. fun
2. A. metropolitan B. polluted C. forbidden D. affordable
3. A. feature B. culture C. tradition D. statue

4. A. fabulous B. packed C. asset D. canal

5. A. metro B. ocean C. cosmopolitan D. local
6. A. delicious B. facility C. city D. place
III. Choose the best answer
1. Osaka has become one of the...........................“livable” cities in Asia.
A. more B. better C. much D. most
2. London is one of the largest cities in the world but its populations is a lot..........................than
Tokyo.
A. small B. few C. smaller D. fewer
3. London is probably most famous for its museums, galleries, palaces, and other sights, but it
also includes a....................range of peoples, cultures and religions than many other places.
A. greater B. big C. wide D. wider
4. Ha Noi city now is..........................than it was 10 years ago.
A. as large B. more large C. much larger D. the largest
5. This river now is much less..........................than before. People are aware of the environment
and they try to keep the river clean.
A. polluted B. pollutes C. polluting D. pollution
6. When we were in Da Nang, we spent a lot of time......................around and looking at the
ancient temples, bridges and houses.
A. wander B. wandering C. wandered D. wanders
7. On children festival, the zoo is always............................with people, mainly children.
A. packed B. had C. contained D. scored
8. You should take your shoes...........................when you go into the temples.
A. up B. in C. off D. on
9. When the doctor came in, he went.............................all my test results and gave me a
prescription.
A. out B. over C. in D. of
10. A close friendship has gradually grown..............................between them. They help each
other in their daily life. Sachmoi24h.com
A. in B. out C. of D. up
11. It is considered that life in a city is wonderful and ………………
A. funny B. boring C. enjoyable D. helpful
12. You’ll have...............................opportunities to widen your global horizons while living in
this cultural capital city.
A. unlimited B. comfortable C. cheerful D. populous
13. Dubai’s Palm Islands in the blue ocean is the........................of a good and sunny life.
A. indicator B. view C. signal D. sign
14. This place is so ………………. with the non-stop flow of customers to come and enjoy Pho.
A. delicious B. convenient C. popular D. exciting
15. Visitors can take a free boat from Manhattan to Staten Island for a great.............................of
the Statue of Liberty and the Manhattan skyline.
A. view B. sight C. scene D. landscape
16. Ha Noi also offers a nightlife as exciting as............................in Ho Chi Minh City.
A. itt B. which C. what D. that
17. When you want to relax, you’ll have one of the world’s.........................cities at your feet,
with more than 40% green space and open water to enjoy.
A. greener B. greenest C. mostly green D. green mostly
18. Let me know when you come to Ha Noi and I’ll ………………..
A. take you out B. bring you around C. cheer you up D. show you round
19. We expected her at nine but she finally..........................at eleven.
A. turned up B. turned out C. came over D. grew up
20. Ann is taking extra lessons to...........................what she missed while she was sick.
A. take back B. get on well with C. keep up with D. look forward to
21. The architects got inspired to use the lotus flower in the design for the ………….
A. city B. skyline C. skyscraper D. downtown
22. Villagers are more kind, friendly, and warm-hearted than city …………….
A. dwellers B. foreigners C. beginners D. movers
23. You can see the..........................of the suburbs in Ho Chi Minh City with many apartment
buildings, supermarkets, shopping centres, and schools.
A. urban area B. convenience C. urban sprawl D. living condition
24. Dong Khoi street is the main shopping street in the...........................of downtown in Ho Chi
Minh City.
A. mind B. heart C. head D. spot
25. Opened in 1937, the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco still ranks among the top 10
…………… bridge spans in the world.
A. long B. longer C. mostly long D. longest
26. No city in America has..........................monuments and museums into one area as
Washington D.C. Sachmoi24h.com
A. as much B. such many C. as many D. a few
27. The new student was very shy at the beginning, but then he.......................Well with
everyone.
A. got on B. went on C. got over D. cheered up
28. The police never.......................all hope of finding the lost child.
A. stops B. think over C. grow up D. give up
29. He’ll be very upset if his employer......................his offer.
A. pulls down B. finds out C. turns off D. turns down
30. It’s time to say goodbye, but I’m.......................meeting you all again soon.
A. looking forward to B. getting on with C. keep up with D. put up with

IV. Put the words in brackets into the right forms to complete the sentence.
1. I am going to visit Da Nang so can you tell me what the greatest............................in Da Nang
are? (ATTRACT)
2. Don’t worry about your travelling because the public transport here is convenient and
……………….. (RELY)
3. Sydney is a metropolitan and..............................city so you have a great variety of things and
foods from different countries. (MULTICULTURE)
4. My aunt lives in one of the most........................parts in Paris. She is a well-known fashion
designer there. (FASHION)
5. The outdoor food markets in Singapore are fun and...........................so when you go there you
should try some food there. (AFFORD)

V. Complete each of the following sentences with comparatives and superlatives.

1. I think this is (noisy)...........................part of the city.
2. This place was (dangerous)...........................than we thought.
3. Could you show me the way to (near)...............................bus stop.
4. The trip to Ho Chi Minh City was (interesting)..............................for us.
5. This is (good)...............................food I’ve ever eaten in this country.
6. David’s new haircut is (trendy)...................................than the previous one.
7. The building looks much (nice)................................in green than the previous white.
8. I had to drive my car along (narrow)..............................road in the region.
9. Quan’s house is (far)............................from the city centre than my house.
10. In my opinion, living in the city is (hard)..............................than living in the country.

VI. Choose the best option A, B, C, or D to fill in each blank.

Brighton is a city (1) ………………. the south of England. It’s got a population of (2) Sachmoi24h.com
…………….. 160,000 and its location has (3)..........................it a popular destination for tourists.
Brighton is 85km from London. It’s about an hour on the train. It (4) ……………… over 8.5
million visitors annually and is the most popular seaside destination in the UK for overseas
tourists.
I like Brighton because it’s a (5)..........................place and it’s very pretty. There are some really
old buildings and it’s got some nice parks. For tourists, there are a (6)…………………..
interesting shopping areas, good restaurants, large cultural, music and arts scene. Brighton is
home (7) ………………… many indedpenent record labels such as FatCat Records and
Memorials of Distinction. Brighton (8) ………………. several railway stations, many bus
routes, coach services and taxis. In spring and summer, thousands of students from all over
Europe gather (9).......................language courses at many language schools here.
Every time I come here, my favourite places are the beach and the aquarium. For me, Brighton is
one of (10)....................beautiful cities in the world.
1. A. in B. on C. of D. up
2. A. which B. about C. approximate D. near
3. A. turned B. started C. made D. converted
4. A. takes B. calls C. invites D. attracts
5. A. interested B. friendly C. friend D. beautifully
6. A. many B. lots of C. lot of D. much
7. A. to B. of C. in D. on
8. A. has B. is C. makes D. carries
9. A. attend B. to attend C. attending D. attended
10. A. best B. most C. more D. the most

VII. Choose the best option to fill in each blank in the following passage.
Unlike life in the countryside which is often considered to be simple and traditional, life in the
city is modern and complicated. People, from different regions, move to the cities in the hope of
having a better life for them and their children. The inhabitants in city work as secretaries,
businessmen, teachers, government workers, factory workers and even street vendors or
construction workers.
The high cost of living requires city dwellers, especially someone with low income, to work
harder or to take a part-time job. For many people, an ordinary day starts as usual by getting up
in the early morning to do exercise in public parks, preparing for a full day of working and
studying, then travelling along crowded boulevards or narrow streets filled with motor scooters
and returning home after a busy day. They usually live in large houses, or high-rise apartment
blocks or even in a small rental room equipped with modern facilities, like the Internet,
telephone, television, and so on. Industrialization and modernization as well as global integration
have big impact on lifestyle in the cities. The most noticeable impact is the Western style Sachmoi24h.com
of
clothes. The “ao dai” – Vietnamese traditional clothes are no longer regularly worn in
Vietnamese women’s daily life. Instead, jeans, T-shirts and fashionable clothes are widely
preferred.
1. The most important reason why people move to the city is that…………….
A. to look for a complicate life B. to take part-time jobs
C. to have busy days D. to look for a better life
2. According to the passage, the city life can offer city dwellers all of the following things
EXCEPT ………..
A. the Internet B. friendly communication with neighbors
C. a variety of jobs in different fields D. modern facilities
3. We can infer from the passage that …………….
A. there is a big gap between the rich and the poor in the city.
B. people do morning exercise in public parks because they have much free time
C. people leave the countryside because life there is simple.
D. most of the urban dwellers have low income.
4. Industrialization and modernization may lead to …………….
A. the fact that women no longer wear ao dai.
B. the disappearance of Western-styled clothes.
C. some changes in lifestyles.
D. global integration.
5. The word impact in paragraph 2 is closet in meaning to ……………
A. force B. action C. situation D. effect

VIII. Complete each sentence so it means the same as the sentence above.
1. Many people think there is no city in Viet Nam that is cleaner than Da Nang city.
Many people think ...................................................................................................................................................................
2. I found the trip to the craft village quite interesting.
I felt quite ...................................................................................................................................................................................
3. My father says the place in which we are living is the noisiest one in Ha Noi.
My father says that no...............................................................................................................................................................
4. He hasn't changed much since I last met him in 2000.
He is the same............................................................................................................................................................................
5. I have never eaten a more delicious food than this one.
This food ....................................................................................................................................................................................
IX. Make up sentences using the words and phrases given.
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1. thanks/ so/ much/ showing/ me/ around/ city/ today/ ./
1. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. public/ transport/ in/ Da Nang city/ more/ convenient/ reliable/ than/ any/ other/ cities/ Viet
Nam/ ./
2. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Sydney/ five/ big/ universities/ and/ some/ smaller/ ones/ ./
3. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. The Quoc Tu Giam/ considered/ first/ oldest/ university/ of/ Viet Nam/. It/ established/ 1076/ ./
4. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Bat Trang/ lying/ on/ Red River/ bank/ about/ 13km/ southeast/ Ha Noi/ is/ well-known/ craft/
village/ ./
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. last/ week/ my friend/ went/ Hue/ / / he/ spent/ lot/ time/ wandering/ around/ and/ looking/
ancient/ temples/ palaces/ houses/ there/ ./
6. ………………………………………………………………………………………………

X. Fill in each blank with a suitable word from the box

multicultural problems cities affordable wandering

attractions vehicles convenient destination drawbacks

1. Nowadays, many students who have just left the universities try to stay in big cities because
they can easily find their jobs and live a..............................life there.
2. During the rush hours, some parts of Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh city are often packed with
people and ………………..
3. If you have an opportunity to go to Sydney, you should visit both natural and man-
made..........................such as Sydney Harbour, the Royal National Park, Bondi Beach as well as
Royal Botanical Gardens, Sydney Opera and the Harbor Bridge.
4. When I visited Hoi An last year, I spent most of my time..............................around and
looking at the ancient temples, houses, and bridges.
5. When you visit Ha Noi, try some street food there because it is really delicious and
………………..
6. Singapore is a.......................................country. It includes Malay, Chinese, Indians, European
and Vietnamese.
7. Every year, the Economist Intelligent Unit conducts a fascinating survey to determine
which.......................around the world “provide the best living conditions”.
8. I think living in a city has a number of..............................., such as traffic jams, traffic
accidents, noise pollution, visual pollution and water pollution.
9. People say that air pollution together with littering is causing many......................in our city
now.
10. London is one of the largest cities in the world. Its population is a lot smaller than Tokyo but
it is by far the most popular tourist ………………
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XI. Writing:
Write a paragraph (about 120 words) about the drawbacks of living in a city.
Drawbacks of living in a big city
Suggested ideas:
- Pollution: air pollution, noise pollution, etc.
- High living expenses

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 UNIT 3

VOCABULARY
adolescence (n) /ˌædəˈlesns/ giai đoạn vị thành house-keeping /haʊs ˈkiːpɪŋ kĩ năng làm
niên skill skɪl/ việc nhà

adulthood (n) /ˈædʌlthʊd/ giai đoạn trưởng independence /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/ sự độc lập,
thành (n) tự lập

calm(adj) /kɑːm/ bình tĩnh informed /ɪnˈfɔːmd dɪ quyết định

decision (n) ˈsɪʒn/ có cân nhắc

cognitive skill /ˈkɒɡnətɪv kĩ năng tư duy left out (adj) /left aʊt/ cảm thấy bị
skɪl/ bỏ rơi, bị cô
 lập

concentrate (v) /kɒnsntreɪt/ tập trung life skill /laɪf skɪl/ kĩ năng sống
concentration sự tập trung
(n)
confident (adj) /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ tự tin relaxed (adj) /rɪˈlækst/ thoải mái,
confidence (n) thư giãn

delighted (adj) /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/ vui sướng resolve conflict /rɪˈzɒlv giải quyết
(v) ˈkɒnflɪkt/ xung đột

depressed (adj) /dɪˈprest/ tuyệt vọng risk taking (n) /rɪsk teɪkɪŋ/ liều lĩnh

embarrassed /ɪmˈbærəst/ xấu hổ self-aware /self-əˈweə(r)/ tự nhận

(adj) (adj) thức, ngộ ra

emergency (n) /iˈmɜːdʒənsi/ tình huống khẩn self-disciplined /self- tự rèn luyện
cấp (adj) ˈdɪsəplɪnd/

frustrated (adj) /frʌˈstreɪtɪd/ bực bội (vì không stressed (adj) /strest/ căng thẳng,
giải quyết được stressful (n) mệt mỏi
việc gi`)

helpline (n) /ˈhelplaɪn/ đường dây nóng tense (adj) /tens/ căng thẳng
trợ giúp

worried (adj) /ˈwɜːrid/ lo lắng

worry (v/n_
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GRAMMAR

- Trong câu trực tiếp thông tin đi thẳng từ người thứ nhất sang người thứ hai (người thứ nhất nói
trực tiếp với người thứ hai). Trong lời nói trực tiếp chúng ta ghi lại chính xác những từ, ngữ mà
người nói dùng. Lới nói trực tiếp phải được đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép.
He said “I bought a new motorbike for myself yesterday”.
“I love you”, she said.

- Trong câu gián tiếp, thông tin đi từ người thứ nhất qua người thứ hai đến người thứ ba. Khi đó
câu có biến đổi về mặt ngữ pháp.

He said he had bought a new motorbike for himself the day before.

2. Quy tắc chuyển từ trực tiếp sang gián tiếp

2.1. Quy tắc chuyển từ lối nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp: lùi một thời

Simple present –> simple past

Present progressive –> past progressive
Present perfect –> past perfect
Simple past –> past perfect
Past progressive –> past perfect progressive
Simple future –> would + V
Can/may/must –> could /might/had to

2.2. Các chuyển đổi khác:

– Đại từ nhân xưng:
I –> he/she We –> they You –> I/ we
(tân ngữ và tính từ sở hữu chuyển theo nhân xưng chủ ngữ)
– Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn:
Here –> there This –> that
These –> those
– Trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian:
Today –> that day Tomorrow –> the next day/ the following
day
Yesterday –> the day before/ the previous day Last week –> the week before/ the
previous week
The day after tomorrow –> in 2 days’ time The day before yesterday –> two days
before.
Now –> then Ago –> before Sachmoi24h.com
2.3. Các trường hợp không đổi thời
– Sự thật, sự việc luôn luôn đúng:
“The earth moves round the sun” he said.
–> He said that the earth moves round the sun.
– Câu điều kiện loại II và III:
“If I were you, I would leave here” he said.–> He said that if he were me, he would leave
there.
– Wish + past simple/ past perfect:
“I wish I lived in Da Nang”, he said. –> He said he wished he lived in Da Nang.
– Cấu trúc “it’s time somebody did something”:
“It’s time he woke up”, she said. –> She said it was time he woke up.
– Would/ should/ ought to/ had better/ used to không chuyển:
“ You’d better work hard” he said –> He said that I had better work hard.
2.4. Các cách chuyển đổi cơ bản
A. Say that + a statement –> agree (đồng ý), refuse (từ chối), offer (đề nghị), promise (hứa),
threaten + the infinitive (dọa)
“All right, I’ll help you” he said.
–> He agreed to help me.
“ Oh, no, I won’t come to your party”, he said.
–> He refused to come to my party.
“I’ll look for the cat for you tomorrow if you like” he said.
–> He offered to look after the cat for me the next day if I liked.
“I’ll visit your parents when I arrive there”, he said
–> He promised to visit my parents when he arrived there.
“I’ll sell the TV set if you keep on watching it all day”, said the father
–> The father threatened to sell the TV set if he kept on watching it all day.

B. Say that + a statement –> accuse …of (buộc tội), admit (thừa nhận), apologise for (xin
lỗi), deny (từ chối), insist on + V-ing (khăng khăng)
- “You stole the jewels” said the inspector –> The inspector accused her of stealing the jewels.
- “I’ve made the wall dirty” said one student.–> One student admitted making the wall dirty.
- “I’m sorry I’m late” she said. –> She apologized for being late.
- “No, we didn’t enter the garden” said the boy. –> The boy denied entering my garden.
- “Certainly, I’ll buy that car for you”, said he. –> He insisted on buying me that car.

C. Say to somebody + a statement –> told somebody + that + clause

“I’ve finished all my homework”, he said to me.–> He told me that he had finished all his
homework.

D. Say + a statement –> said that + clause

“I’m going to Hanoi tomorrow”, he said.–> He said that he was going to Hanoi the next day. Sachmoi24h.com
E. Statement with command, request, advice, invitation, offer –> advise, ask, beg,
encourage, invite, order, tell, warn, remind…
“You’d better hurry”, he said. –> He advised me to hurry.
“Post the letter for me, will you?”he said. –> He asked me to post the letter for him.
“Make another try, please”, he said –> He encouraged me to make another try
“Don’t drive too fast”, he said.–> He warned me not to drive too fast.
“Remember to close the door”, he said.–> He reminded me to close the door.
“Don’t forget to come at 6 a.m tomorrow”, he said. –> He reminded to come at 6 a.m the next
day.

F. Questions in indirect speech

– Thời, đại từ, tính từ sở hữu, trạng từ chuyển như ở câu tường thuật.
– Yes-no questions –> asked/wanted to know if/whether
“Are you absent from your classes today?” he asked.
–> He asked/wanted to know if I was absent from my classes that day.
– Wh-questions –> asked/wanted to know + question word + clause.
“Where do you often meet your friends?” she said.
–> She asked where I often met my friends.

G. Questions with “shall I…”–> 4 loại sau:

• About future event (sự kiện trong tương lai)
“Shall we attend the meeting tomorrow”, she said. –>She asked if they would attend the
meeting the next day
• Request for instruction or advice (Lời hướng dẫn hoặc lời khuyên)
“Shall I read it, mother?” ha said.–> He asked his mother if he should read it.
• Offer to do something
“Shall we bring you some new books?” she said.–> She offered to bring me some new books.
• Suggest to do something
“Shall we go to the cinema tonight”, he said.–> He suggested going to the cinema that night.

H. Questions with “Will you, would you, could you…?” (yêu cầu, đề nghị, mời)–> offer,
invite, order, ask, told.
“ Will you come to my party tomorrow?” he said. –> He invited me to come to his party the
next day.
“Could you get ready at 6p.m tonight?” he said.–> He told/asked me to get ready at 6p.m that
night.
“Would you like some cigarettes?” he said. –> He offered me some cigarettes.
“Will you shut your mouth?” he said. –> He ordered me to shut my mouth.

I. Let’s do…–> suggest + V-ing (nếu bao gồm cả người nói thực hiện hành động) Sachmoi24h.com
Let’s do…–> suggest + that S should do…(có thể bao gồm hoặc không bao gồm người nói
thực hiện hành động)
“Let’s go to the cinema tonight”, he said.
–> He suggested going to the cinema that night. (anh ta cũng đi)
–> He suggested that they should go to the cinema that night

J. Yes, let’s do…–> agree

No, let’s not do… –> be against the idea.
“Let’s eat out tonight” said the mother.
“Yes, let’s” said the son.
“No, let’s not” said the father.
–> The mother suggested eating out that night and the son agreed but the father was against the
idea.

K. Must –> had to

“I must finish my work tomorrow”, he said. –> He said that he had to finish his work the next
day.
“Must you go soon?” she said. –> He asked if I had to go soon.

L. Câu cảm thán trong lời nói gián tiếp

• What + a + noun! /how + adj –> said that + clause
–> gave an exclamation of delight (vui mừng, tán thưởng), disgust (kinh tởm), honor (sợ),
surprise (ngạc nhiên)
“How beautiful the picture is”, he said.
–> He said that the picture was beautiful.
–> He gave an exclamation of delight.
“What a dirty kitchen!” she said.
–> She said that the kitchen was dirty.
–> She gave an exclamation of disgust.
“How wonderful”, he said.
–> He said that it was wonderful.
–> He gave an exclamation of surprise.
• “Yes/no” –> subject + trợ động từ
“Have you finished your homework?” he said
“Yes”, she said
–> He asked her if she had finished her homework and she said she had.
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“Are you ready for the exam?” he said.
“No”, she said.
–> He asked if she was ready for the exam and she said she wasn’t.

M. “Thank”–> subject + thanked

“Would you like to have dinner with me tonight?”, he said. “thank you, I’d love to” she said.
–> He invited her to have dinner with him that night. She thanked him and said she would love
to.
“Good luck”, he said –> he wished me luck.
“Congratulation!”, he said –> he congratulated me.

I. PHONETICS
1. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. Read the words aloud.
1. A. calm B. fabulous C. asset D. handicraft
2. A. metro B. conduct C. grow D. mould
3. A. helpline B. remind C. artisan D. reliable
4. A. tense B. stress C. effect D. resolve
5. A. preserve B. sculpture C. skill D. risk
2. Find the word which has a different position of the main stress in each line.
1. A. adolescence B. adulthood C. cognitive D. concentrate
2. A. confident B. delighted C. depressed D. embarrassed
3. A. emergency B. frustrated C. independence D. decision
4. A. relaxed B. worried C. wander D. dweller
5. A. discipline B. determine C. culture D. indicaton
II. GRAMMAR
1. Put the words in brackets into the right forms to complete the sentences.
1. Tomorrow I am having a 45 – minute English test. I know
about the grammar and I’ve learnt by heart all the new words WORRY
but I still feel .
2. He thinks joining in an English Speaking Club will help him to
CONFIDENT
communicate with foreigners .
3. Lan has made a new dress for herself and she feels so _
DELIGHT
with her fashionable dress.
4. We felt because it rained all the day and we had
DISAPPOINT
to stay inside during our excursion to the beach.
5. Many students complaint about their school pressures and
FRUSTRATE
. Can you think of an example of them?

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2. Choose the correct option for each gap in the sentences
1. I’ve been studying very hard for my final exams but I always feel .
A. tired B. calm C. worried D. frustrated
2. She has failed her driving test for three times. She feels now.
A. depressed B. worried C. stressed D. calm
3. He did very well at the examination this morning so he feels very _ at the moment.
A. sad B. unhappy C. relaxed D. worried
 4. On the way home yesterday, his bicycle broke down so he felt very _ .
A. excited B, delighted C. confident D. frustrated
5. The boy looks when he sees his parents at the door of the classroom.
A. relaxed B. confused C. tired D. left-out
6. Hoa said she was very _ and she didn’t want to go to the cinema with us.
A. quick B. fast C. smoothly D. tired
7. Huy got a bad mark for his English test. He must have been really .
A. disappointed B. relaxing C. interested D. happy
8. We take turns to make an English presentation about keeping our environment clean and green.
This opportunity makes everyone feel more in speaking English.
A. worried B. tense C. confident D. frustrated
9. Minh feels very proud and at the gold medal he has got.
A. delighted B. unhappy C. stressed D. strong
10. If you study hard and you feel tired, you had better take a rest and _ for some minutes.
A. encourage B. relax C. advise D. empathise

3. Fill each blank with a word in the box

Concentratedelightedembarrassedadolescenceindependent
life skillsrelaxed worrie informedleft out
d
1. is the period between childhood and young adulthood.
2. Physical changes are different for everyone at the adolescence, so we don’t need to feel
.
3. My brother is 13 years old but he wants to be more . He would like to
do everything by himself.
4. When you have any problems, please ask the adults for support and guidance to make
decisions.
5. I always on my studies so I’ve made much progress this year.
6. I felt when the teacher informed that we were going to have a 45-minute English test.
7. Today I am very _to get the highest score in my English exam.today?
8. Can you name some necessary that Vietnamese teens should have today? Sachmoi24h.com
9. Hoa has moved to a new school in Hanoi. She doesn’t know anybody there. She is very sad
and feels _.
10. I have finished all my homework the teacher gave me. I feel and decide to go to
the cinema with my friend this evening.

READING
1. Read the text and then choose the best answer A, B, C or D.
 In Britain some families feel that learning at home is better than going to school. Home
schooled children can choose when they want to learn. Does this sound more enjoyable than
school?
Andrian is a science prodigy and he wants to start university by the age of fourteen. He
finds school lessons easier than the ones he expects but making friends is more difficult. At
home he can spend more time on his favourite subjects and is preparing to take many of his
exams early. Does he ever take a break? “Yes”, he says “ I don’t study subjects I’m not
interested in.”
Holly’s parents weren’t happy with the local school. So they made a decision to teach her
at home. Her favourite is history and she often goes to museums to study. “ I couldn’t do that
before,” she says. “ This is more interesting than school was”. Her parents are always happy to
help her.
Andrian and Holly love learning at home, but some people think that studying at school
is more useful because it trains you for adult life. It teaches you to be with people you don’t like,
but it can also help you to make friends. Are these things more important than lessons? What do
you think?
1. In Britain, people can learn at home or _ .
A. at school B. at work C. at the museum D. at break
2. Andria wants to start when he’s 14.
A. school B. subjects C. lessons D. university
3. He only studies things that he .
A. is interested in B. isn’t happy with C. feel easy D. feel difficult
4. History is Holly’s .
A. favourite test B. favourite subject
C. boring subject D. only one subject
5. Why do some people think studying at school is _ ?
A. more easy B. more useful
C. stressful D. a waste of time

2. Choose the correct word A, B, C, or D for each gap to complete the following passage.
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Recently, a study in the USA showed that 75% of high school students (1) in tests and
exams. If we include (2) homework, the number is 90%. Many students don’t even
realize that (3) they’re doing is wrong. They think that cheating is OK now because
it’s (4) .
In the past, weaker students cheated but now cheats are often clever kids who need higher
graders. There is more competition today.
One high school students says: “There is big (5) _ to get into a good university. You
have to get good marks, and to get good marks some teens think they have to cheat.”
In the American study, 50% of teens agreed with the opinion “People sometimes have to lie and
cheat to be succeed. “ It seems that cheating has become normal for some people. There are a lot
of cheats. We see more and (6) cheats in sport and in business. Unfortunately,
adults don’t always set a good example.
Cheating is easier with new technology. There are websites (7) you can download
exams and essays. You can pay people online to write an essay for you. Students are instant
messaging homework answers and they can send text messages to friends (8)
exams
or put answers into their MP3 players.
Teachers can (9) cell phones and camera and use special software to detect copying in
homework. School principles can suspend or expel students who cheat. But really it’s more
important for people (10) that they don’t have to cheat to be successful – cheats
never win and winner never cheat.
1. A. has cheated B. have cheated C. are cheating D. cheat
2. A. copying B. to copy C. copy D. copied
3. A. which B. why C. what D. where
4. A. normal B. usually C. plenty D. common
5. A. stress B. pressure C. nervous D. tense
6. A. much B. more C. less D. fewer
7. A. which B. what C. how D. where
8. A. on B. at C. in D. of
9. A. ban B. stop C. end D. delay
10. A. knowing B. know C. to know D. known

WRITING
1. Make up sentences using the words and phrases given.
1. Mai’s parents/ always/ expect/ her/ get/ good/ grades/ and/ go/ top/ university/ study/ medicine.

2. Minh/ feel/ very/ worried/ because/ he/ have/ big/ assignment/ complete/ and/ he/ not/ know/
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where/ start.

3. You/ thought/ about/ asking/ friend/ who/ confident/ about/ maths/ help/ you/?

4. You/ done/ very/ well/ exam/./ I/ think/ you/ relax/ now.

5. It/ not/ difficult/ make/ new/ friends/./ you/ should/ be/ open/ friendly/ first.
2. Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech.
1. “ What are you most worried about before the exam?” my teacher asked me.

2. “If you get high scores in your final exam, I’ll buy you a computer.” His mother said.

3. “ My parents are very glad because my sister has passed the entrance exam to go to a top
university.” Lan told me.

4. “ I couldn’t sleep last night because I felt nervous about the exam.” Hoa said.

5. “ I’m so delighted. I’ve just received a mobile phone from my brother. My brother has just been
abroad.” Quang said.

3. Rewrite the following sentences using questions words + to V.

1. Could you tell me when I should explain everything to our teacher?
2. I don’t know what I should do to make my mother happy.
3. She wondered how she could tell her mother about the stolen bicycle.
4. We are not sure what we should do to make our house more beautiful at Christmas.
5. My mother can decide where we should go at summer holidays.

TEST 3
I. Circle the word with a different stress pattern from the others.
1. A. attraction B. emergency C. administrative D. recognition
2. A. artisan B. confident C. negative D. underpass
3. A. affordable B. delighted C. loudspeaker D. exhibition
4. A. lacquerware B. contestant C. fabulous D. noticeable
5. A. authenticity B. metropolitan C. cooperative D. multicultural
II. Find a mistake in the four underlined parts of each sentence and correct it,
1. We have no idea who talking to when we have problems.
A B C D
2. Nick asked Phong whether he had gone to Mai’s birthday party last night. Sachmoi24h.com
A B C D
3. Lan is very depressing because her closest friend is moving to another
city. A B C D
4. Their daughter said that she doesn’t want to take exams into economic universities.
A B C D
5. I don’t know what to do as these instructions are extremely confused.
A B C D

III. Give the correct form off the word in CAPITALS to complete each of the following
 sentences.
I think Tom and Mary have known each other since their CHIL
_. D
My brother feels when he’s playing the guitar.
RELAX
Lan was upset because her parents _ her.
UNDERSTAN
I often suffer from _ during the wintertime. D
Everything was _to me when I visited Gold Coast for the first time. DEPRES
S
When you grow up, you’ll feel you want more and responsibility.
We all with you when we heard that you failed the driving test again. EXCITE
Nga’s dream is to be a , but her parents want her to be a medical doctor. DEPEN
Between 11 and 13 years of age, the adolescent’s brain experiences rapid _of nerve D
cells. SYMPATH
I feel really tired after spending a night studying for the exam.
Y

MUSI
C

GRO
W

SLEE
P

IV. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D.

1. Pressure _children to get into top schools has reached a crisis point.
A. at B. under C. on D. with
2. Perhaps what you’re reading or hearing is boring, which makes it hard to on the book or
the conversation.
A. concentrate B. rely C. depend D. notice
3. A great way to improve Skills is to keep trying new things.
A. reason B. reasoned C. reasoning D. reasons
4. As children move toward _ , they are less likely to ask for advice.
A. dependent B. dependence C. independent D. independence
5. Taking good notes _ students to evaluate organize and summarize information.
A. requests B. requires C. allows D. offers
6. Susan needs someone to who her how to _her anxiety and depression.
A. empathize B. try C. succeed D. manage
7. Mi asked what information she _that assignment.
A. needs to be done B. needed doing C. need to do D. needed to do
8. My teacher told me that I attend the math course for the higher level programme Sachmoi24h.com
that I _ _for.
A. can’t/ apply B. couldn’t/ apply C. can’t/ applied D. couldn’t/ had applied
9. My parents asked me to find out it gave you so much trouble.
A. what B. which C. why D. where
10. I am not sure _ I can solve this problem.
A. how B. what C. who D. by whom
V. Read and choose the best answer
LONDON
London is a big city, but many of the people who live there (1) it as a number of
small towns put together. Each district has its own identity and atmosphere and some of parts are
even described by their inhabitants as ‘villages’. Much of the centre of the city consists
(2) shops and businesses and the majority of people live in the suburbs. A great (3)
of them travel to work in the city every day by train, bus, tube or car; this is called
commuting. Commuters might spend as much as two hours every morning getting to work and
another two hours getting home again. The cost of living in London is (4) than in most
other parts of Britain, and many people are paid extra money on the top of their salaries because
of this. Millions of visitors come to London every year from all over the world for to see the
famous sights, such as Buckingham Palace, where the Queen lives, and many other historic
buildings. London is also very famous for its theatres, red buses, and black taxis. Some people
find it as a noisy, dirty place (5) it has many large, pleasant parts where everyone can
enjoy themselves some peace and quiet. London has many attractions, both for people from
overseas and for people from other parts of Britain.
1. A. regard B. feel C. think D. see
2. A. in B. on C. of D. at
3. A. a lot B. lot C. much D. many
4. A. taller B. higher C. bigger D. much
5. A. but B. although C. because D. since
VI. Read the passage and choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D for each question
You can do a few things to make homework less stressful. First, be sure you understand
the assignment. Write it down in your notebook or day planner if you need to, and don’t be
afraid to ask questions about what is expected. It is much easier to make a minute to ask the
teacher during or after class than to struggle to remember later that night! If you want, you can
ask how long the particular homework assignment should take to complete so you can plan your
time.
Second, use any extra time you have in school to work on your homework. Many schools have
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libraries that are specifically designed to allow students to study or get homework done. The
more work you can get done in school, the less you will have to do that night.
Third, pace yourself. If you don’t finish your homework during school, think about how much
you have left and what else is going on that day, and then plan your time. Most middle students
should have between 1 and 3 hours of homework a night. If it is a heavy homework day, you will
need to devote more time to homework.
No one is expected to understand everything, and may be you need some help. The first place to
turn for help is your teacher. But what if you don’t feel comfortable with your teacher? If you are
in a big enough school, there maybe other teachers who teach the same subject. Speak to other
teachers directly and you may be in luck. Sometimes it just helps to have someone explain
something in a different way. Moreover, you might also be able to get some help from another
student. If there is someone you like who is a good student, think about asking that person if you
can study together.
1. The most important thing that you should do when you get your assignment may be _.
A. to know when you hand it in
B. to understand it and its requirements
C. to know how long it takes to complete it
D. to remember it in order to plan the time
2. If you have any free time left at school, you should .
A. use it to do your homework in the library
B. spend time with your friends
C. use it to understand the assignment
D. use it to make your day planner
3. When students need some help, they should .
A. never ask other teachers because it will hurt their own teachers
B. always turn to their own teacher for help
C. ask any good students at the subject in your school
D. go to their teachers or other teachers teaching the same subject
4. The main idea of the first three paragraphs is _.
A. to get help when you need it
B. to do homework immediately
C. to create a homework plan
D. to ask your teachers for more explanation
5. According to the passage, all of the following are correct EXCEPT that .
A. it takes a student more than three hours a night if there is much homework.
B. it is good to have the explanation in a different way
C. you only do your homework at home between 1 and 3 hours a night Sachmoi24h.com
D. it is very useful to take a minute to ask the teacher during or after class

VII. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in
meaning to the original sentence. Use the word given and other words as necessary. Do not
change the form of the given word.
1. “What do you think about teenagers who dye their hair?” THOUGHT

2. It was quite surprising for us that he passed the exam. SURPRISE

3. “If I were you, I would tell her the truth”, said Phong to Khoa ADVISED

4. We don’t know how we should solve the problems. TO

5. “Have I ever met him before?” Laura said to herself. WONDERED

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