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    Realism is a philosophy of education that believes reality exists independently of human perception. It identifies four main forms: scholastic, humanistic, social, and sense realism. Realism aims to prepare students for real life by developing their senses and making them familiar with nature and society. Teachers impart scientific knowledge to teach students what they need to survive. Students learn through observation, discovery, and self-experience. School mirrors society and prepares children for their roles in it.

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    G4 Realism

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    Realism is a philosophy of education that believes reality exists independently of human perception. It identifies four main forms: scholastic, humanistic, social, and sense realism. Realism aims to prepare students for real life by developing their senses and making them familiar with nature and society. Teachers impart scientific knowledge to teach students what they need to survive. Students learn through observation, discovery, and self-experience. School mirrors society and prepares children for their roles in it.

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    103 views19 pages

    Realism: Philosophy of Education

    Uploaded by

    kheiren
    Realism is a philosophy of education that believes reality exists independently of human perception. It identifies four main forms: scholastic, humanistic, social, and sense realism. Realism aims to prepare students for real life by developing their senses and making them familiar with nature and society. Teachers impart scientific knowledge to teach students what they need to survive. Students learn through observation, discovery, and self-experience. School mirrors society and prepares children for their roles in it.

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    of 19

    REALISM

    PHILOSOPHY OF
    EDUCATION
    WHAT IS REALISM?

    • DERIVED FROM THE GREEK WORD ‘RES” WHICH MEANS REAL.


    • ARISTOTLE IS THE FATHER OF REALISM.
    • REPRESENTS THE THEORY THAT PARTICULAR THINGS EXIST
    INDEPENDENTLY OF OUR PERCEPTION.
    • WHAT ONE PERCEIVES IS REAL AND IS OUT THERE EXISTING IN
    CONCRETE REALITY.
    • BELIEVE IN EXTERNAL WORLD AS TRUE, WORLD OF OBJECTS AND
    NOT IDEAS.
    • ONLY THROUGH STUDYING THE MATERIAL WORLD IT IS POSSIBLE TO
    CLARIFY OR DEVELOP IDEAS
    • GIVES IMPORTANT TO SCIENTIFIC PROCESS.
    FOUR FORMS OF REALISM
    IN EDUCATION

    •SCHOLASTIC REALISM
    •HUMANISTIC/LITERARY REALISM
    •SOCIAL REALISM
    •SENSE REALISM
    SCHOLASTIC REALISM

    • THE EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY OF SCHOLASTIC REALISM IS ESSENTIALLY


    DUALISTIC.
    • THE PRIMARY FUNCTION OF THE MIND IN THE WORLD IS THAT OF
    COGNITION.
    • SCHOLASTIC REALISTS BELIEVED THAT CHANGE IS NOT COMPLETELY
    RULED OUT FROM SCHOLASTIC SYSTEM.
    • GOODNESS IS RECOMMENDED TO CHILDREN AS A DIVINE COMMAND
    HUMANISTIC/LITERARY REALISM

    • ALSO CALLED AS “VERBAL REALISM”


    • THIS FORM OF REALISM BELIEVED THAT A COMPLETE KNOWLEDGE OF
    MAN, NATURE, AND SOCIETY IS NEEDED TO FIT THE INDIVIDUAL FOR
    REALISTIC OF LIFE.
    • HUMANISTIC REALISTS BELIEVED THAT EDUCATION IS GAINED
    THROUGH BOOKS, AND THEY SHOULD HAVE ACTUAL USE IN ONES
    LIFE.
    SOCIAL REALISM

    • IT CRITICIZES BOOKISH KNOWLEDGE BECAUSE IT BELIEVES THAT


    PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE CAN BE OBTAIN THROUGH TRAVEL THAN
    BOOKS.

    • SOCIAL REALISM EXPLAINS THAT EDUCATION SHOULD EQUIP LEARNERS


    FOR A HAPPY AND SUCCESSFUL LIFE AS A MAN OF THE WORLD.
    SENSE REALISM

    • REALITY IS BASED ON WHAT OUR SENSES CAN PERCEIVE.


    • SENSE REALISTS BELIEVED THAT KNOWLEDGE CAN BE GAIN
    THROUGH OUR SENSES.

    • THE ULTIMATE PURPOSE OF EDUCATION IS STILL HAPPINESS


    WITH GOD.
    CHIEF EXPONENTS OF
    REALISM

    • ARISTOTLE (384-322 B.C)


    • FIRST PROMINENT REALIST PHILOSOPHER
    • FATHER OF REALISM
    • A STUDENT OF PLATO AND TEACHER OF
    ALEXANDER THE GREAT.
    • BELIEVED THAT PEOPLE BE MUCH INVOLVED
    IN STUDYING AND UNDERSTANDING THE
    REALITY OF ALL THINGS.
    • ARISTOTLE BELIEVED THAT EVERYTHING
    HAD A PURPOSE AND THAT HUMAN
    PURPOSE IS TO THINK.
    ST. THOMAS AQUINAS (
    1225-1274) RELIGIOUS REALIST

    • PRIEST OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE


    DOMINICAN ORDER FROM ITALY

    • BELIEVED GOD TEACHES US, AND TEACHERS


    MOTIVATE US.

    • EACH PERSON IS BORN WITH AN IMMORTAL SOUL.

    • GOD MADE IT POSSIBLE TO ACQUIRE TRUE


    KNOWLEDGE SO THAT WE MAY KNOW HIM
    BETTER.
    FRANCIS BACON (1561-1626)
    MODERN REALISTS
    • FOCUSED ON SCIENTIFIC OR INDUCTIVE
    METHOD
    • SCIENCE IS A TOOL FOR CREATING NEW
    KNOWLEDGE.
    • HUMAN KNOWLEDGE IS DIVIDED INTO THREE
    PART: HISTORY, POETRY PHILOSOPHY.
    • ORIGINATOR OF THE EXPRESSION “KNOWLEDGE
    IS A POWER”
     JOHN LOCKE

    • THE FIRST PHILOSOPHER TO DEFINE THE


    SELF THROUGH A CONTINUITY OF
    "CONSCIOUSNESS".
    • HE ALSO POSTULATED THAT THE MIND
    WAS A "BLANK SLATE" OR "TABULA RASA“
    • AS AN EMPIRICIST, HE BELIEVED WE GAIN
    KNOWLEDGE FROM WHAT WE
    EXPERIENCE.
    LEARNING IS BASED ON FACTS – ANALYSIS –
    QUESTIONING.

    • EDUCATION SHOULD PROCEED FROM


    SIMPLE TO COMPLEX AND FROM CONCRETE
    TO ABSTRACT.
    REALISM BELIEVES THAT EDUCATION SHOULD:

    • TRANSMIT CULTURE.
    • DEVELOP HUMAN NATURE.

    • PROVIDE MAN WITH THE BASIC


    EDUCATION NEEDED FOR HIS SURVIVAL.
    REALISTS AIMS OF EDUCATION

    • PREPARE THE CHILD FOR A REAL LIFE.


    • PREPARE THE CHILD FOR A HAPPY AND
    SUCCESSFUL LIFE.
    • DEVELOPING AND TRAINING OF SENSES.
    • MAKE THE CHILD FAMILIAR WITH THE NATURE
    AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT.
    ROLE OF TEACHER

    • TEACHERS' ROLES IS SUPREME BECAUSE HE BRINGS THE CHILD IN


    TOUCH WITH THE EXTERNAL REALITIES OF LIFE.
    • THE TEACHER IMPART SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE.
    • TO TEACH STUDENTS THAT THEY NEED TO SURVIVE.
    • HE MUST BE ABLE TO EXPOSE AND GUIDE THE STUDENTS TOWARDS
    THE HARD REALITIES OF LIFE.
    • TO GIVE ACCURATE INFORMATION TO THE STUDENTS.
    ROLE OF STUDENTS

    • TO OBSERVE THE WORLD AROUND THEM.


    • TO FIND AND DISCOVER NEW THINGS.
    • LEARNING BY DOING WITH SELF EXPERIENCE.
    DISCIPLINE

    • REALISM EMPHASIZES ON AN IMPRESSIONISTIC AND


    EMANCIPATOR DISCIPLINE ACCORDING TO
    NATURAL AND SOCIAL PROCEDURES.
    • BELIEVES IN SELF-DISCIPLINE.
    • DISCIPLINE FOR ADJUSTMENT TO ENVIRONMENT.
    SCHOOL

    • SCHOOL IS A SOCIALLY WELL PLANNED INSTITUTION.


    • IT IS A MIRROR OF SOCIETY.
    • IT IS THE AGENCY WHICH MEETS THE NEED OF THE CHILD
    AND SOCIETY.
    • SCHOOL IS AN AGENCY WHICH PROVIDES VOCATIONAL
    EDUCATION TO PREPARE THE CHILD FOR SOME
    LIVELIHOOD.
    PREPARED BY:

    HEIDI G. GALLEROS

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