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DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the field work entitled of “DOORBELL CUM VISITOR

INDICATOR - SENSING IS LIFE” submitted to the university is a record of an original

work done by me under the guidance of Dr. Shivangee Tiwari (Assistant Professor)

(BBD ITM, Lucknow) and this Mini report is submitted in the partial fulfillment of

Master in Business Administration.

Date: Anjali Pandey

Place: MBA 1st Semester

1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to our H.O.D. DR. MEETU

PANDEY who gave me the golden opportunity to do this wonderful opportunity to pen

down a innovative business plan and also helped me in doing a lot of Research and I

came to know about so many new things I am really thankful to her.

I am highly indebted to my Faculty guide DR. SHIVANGEE TIWARI Ma‟am for their

throughout guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary

information regarding the project & also for their support in completing the project.

I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & my college mates for their

kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in completion of this project.

However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many

individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them

who have willingly helped me out with their abilities.

Anjali Pandey

MBA 1st Semester

2
PREFACE

I respect to the allotted project, I have inherited myself as an entrepreneur in this

organization but informally it is a sacred place for me as it‟s my first practical exposure

to an organization to know and get aware to an organizational real practical stressful

environment. Although I am student of MBA It is a two year full time degree courses. So

far this training is scheduled for first semester syllabi of AKTU i.e. (Mini Project) as a

separate topic to be asked in detail in viva-voice conducted by external Thus study will

provided me a better opportunity to survive in cut throat competition with a prosperous

existence. I have tried my best to gain out of well framed circumstances & with the help

of experienced personnel who helped me out so for become possible to them. As being a

very confidential functioning many things are there which can‟t be known but on the

basis of gathered information and certain hints, the project has been formed. It may have

something missing but I have tried to present all things what I have received. Although

this report has been got checked by different personnel but after that if there is some

shortcomings I expect it to be rectified. So the whole study bifurcated in different parts.

Certain observations & suggestions also have been stated which if possible to be

reviewed.

3
S.NO CONTENT PAGE NO

1 DECLARATION 1
2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 2

3 PREFACE 3

4 TABLE OF CONTENT 4

5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5

6 INTRODUCTION 6

7 PRODUCT DETAIL 7
8 OBJECTIVE 8

9 NEED OF INNOVATION 9

10 SOURCE OF IDEA 10

11 PROTOTYPE 11
12 USES OF THE PRODUCT 12

13 FEASIBILITY STUDY

14 COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS 13

15 SWOT ANALYSIS 14

16 TEACHINICAL FEASIBILITY 15
17 MARKET ANALAYSIS 17

18 COSTING AND PRICING 21

19 FINACIAL FEASIBILITY 23

20 LIMITATION 25
21 OTHER POSSIBILITY OF FURTHER INNOVATION 26

22 CONCLUSION 27

23 BIBLIOGRAPHY

4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

As a part of MBA curriculum I have prepared a mini project on DESIGN THINKING


and the name of my topic is DOORBELL CUM VISITOR INDICATOR. I have selected
this topic to enhance my knowledge and overall thinking power.

The main objective behind this project was to gain knowledge about the different fields
that is market, finance and recent trends in the market.

The first part basically covers the introduction and details about product that is what is
product all about, its objectives, uses, needs.
The second part contains details about the segment, costing, pricing,
And the last part contains details about the finance, limitation and other possibilities of
further innovation.
DOORBELL WITH GPS TRCAKER
The Doorbell will help you to detect the keys or the items attached with it through
SENSER
OBJECTIVE OF INNOVATION
To bring something new and come up with new ideas and technologies that increases the
productivity.
NEED OF INNOVATION
To maximize ROI and increasing productivity
COSTING AND PRICING
I have followed various costing and pricing strategies ( penetration and skimming pricing
strategies).
COMPETITIOR AND SWOT ANALYSIS
To find out who are your competitors? And how your product differs from others?
SWOT analysis is also done to find out strength, weakness, opportunity and threats
SOURCE OF FINANCE
Two source of finance that is from SBI and IDBI BANK
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INTRODUCTION OF THE PRODUCT
This doorbell cum visitor indicator circuit can also give identification of the visitor to

your home in your absence. When you‟re home, you can use it simply as a normal

doorbell.

Visitor indicator circuit

The circuit (see Fig. 1) comprises a monostable built around timer IC 555 (IC1), relay

driver transistor BC548 (T1), inverter section built around IC 7404 (IC2), latching section

built around IC 555 (IC3) and LED display driver transistor BC548 (T2).

Fig. 1: Circuit diagram of doorbell cum visitor indicator (Source: Google)

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The monostable output drives the relay through transistor amplifier T1. The normally-

opened (N/O) contact of the relay connects an electric bell with mains supply as shown in

Fig. 1. The output of the monostable also goes to inverter N1, which, in turn, enables the

latching circuit built around IC3 in conjunction with DPDT slide switch S2. The output

of IC3 at its pin 3 is fed to LED1 (visitor-out indicator) and LED2 through LED16 via

LED driver transistor T2.

The switch panel shown in Fig. 2 is to be mounted on the entry gate or door, while the

LED display panel shown in Fig. 3 is to be kept inside the house near the owner‟s desk.

Fig. 2: Switch panel to be mounted on the gate

Fig. 3: Suggested LED display to be kept nearthe owner‟s desk

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Circuit operation

Before you leave your house, slide switch S2 (Out) to „on‟ position and press reset switch

S3 once. When somebody visits your home and presses doorbell switch S1, it will trigger

the monostable (IC1) and also energise the relay to ring the bell. The monostable output

through inverter N1 will enable the latching circuit and LED1 will glow continuously to

indicate that you‟re out of the house.

The message “Please indicate the first letter of your name (single alphabet in English

only) by flipping switches S4 through S18 to „on‟ position,” as required, is written just

below LED1 indicator as shown in Fig. 2.

Suppose the visitor‟s name is Tina Chopra. As the initial alphabet of her first name is „T,‟

she has to flip the topmost-row and middle-column switches towards „on‟ position. The

position of the switches for this example is shown in Fig. 2.

When you return home, just flip switch S19 to „on‟ position to check the visitor‟s initial.

The topmost-row and middle-column LEDs will glow to indicate the alphabet „T,‟ so you

know that one of your friends having name starting with „T‟ had visited your place in

your absence. The status of the LEDs for this example is shown in Fig. 3 by the red

LEDs.

Now you can slide switch S2 to „off‟ position or press reset button S3 once. When the

indicator is not in use, slide DPDT switch S2 to „off‟ position to bypass the latching and

LED display sections by cutting off the power supply and thus prevent unnecessary

continuous drain of power. Now the rest of the circuit will work as a doorbell only.

The rows and columns may be increased to accommodate a 5×7 display matrix. The

circuit can be used for a single visitor only.

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OBJECTIVE OF INNOVATION
The objective of innovation is to come up with new ideas and technologies that increase

productivity and generate greater output with the same input. Without innovation, there is

not anything and without anything new there will no progress. Innovation is really a core

of any business for modern existence.

The main objective of my idea is to enhance my overall knowledge and capability to

think something new and to bring innovative ideas that will add something extra to the

society in which we are living.

Following are some of the key point about objective behind this innovation:

Competitive advantage

To increase overall productivity

To maximize ROI

To find the things easily with one click—this is one of my main motive behind

this innovation. We mostly tend to forget thing easily so what if this things are

easily find out

Without any much efforts.

To easily track

To save time

To bring easy access

To create new market

To increase demand

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To bring opportunity

To differentiate it from others

To build customer loyalty

To identify savings potential

To achieve revenue potential

To accelerate exploitation of new business ideas worthy of pursuing

To a build climate and culture of innovation as per the organization's innovation

mission

To become a leading innovation brand for products and services in the markets

served.

To improve and expand current products and services

To access new technologies

To identify market trends

To improve product quality and associated core processes

To improve customer attraction

To develop new competencies

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NEED OF INNOVATION
Need of innovation arises because innovation increases the chance to react to changes

and discover new opportunities. It can also help to foster competitive advantage as it

allows you to build better products and services for your customers.

Some of the needs of the innovation are:

 Maximize return on investment

 Increased productivity

 Positive impact on company culture---innovation also has a positive impact

on company culture as it increases the ability to acquire, create and make

best use of competencies, skills and knowledge

 Advancement of technology----Advance technology have also created a need

of this type of product because every things are being advanced like smart

watches

 Thinking ability----Thinking ability of the people has also created a need of

the product.

 Economic growth

 Increased well-being

 Communication and educational accessibility

 Environmental sustainability

 Creative development

 Continuous improvement

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Doorbell cum visitor indicator is the need of today‟s era where things have totally

changed. When somebody visits your home and presses doorbell switch S1, it will trigger

the monostable (IC1) and also energise the relay to ring the bell. The monostable output

through inverter N1 will enable the latching circuit and LED1 will glow continuously to

indicate that you're out of the house.

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SOURCE OF DATA

Source of data means the origin from where data has been collected. Basically there are
two main types of source of data:
Primary data
Secondary data
I have focused on both the source of data.
Idea generation-----i have drawn these data from internet where i saw normal Doorbell
and came with idea to innovate it by installing a GPS tracker.
Data collection-----i have collected some of the data about the design of the Doorbell
from the newspapers (TIMES OF INDIA)
Some of the data I have collected from friends who gave me idea about how and where to
install it.

INTERNET

NEWSPAPER

FRIENDS

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PROTOTYPE

A prototype is generally used to evaluate a new design to enhance precision by system


analysts and users. Prototyping serves to provide specifications for a real, working
system rather than a theoretical one. The basic model of prototype is given below:

 Objective-----prototype plan (SENSER INSTALLATION)

 Functionality-----outline definition (JUST ONE CLICK )

 Development--- executable prototype (MODEL PREPARATION)

 Evaluation----All the pros and cons are evaluated in this step

 Implementation----plan is implemented and further process is done.

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USES OF THE PRODUCT

Doorbell cum visitor indicator is the need of today‟s era where things have totally

changed. When somebody visits your home and presses doorbell switch S1, it will trigger

the monostable (IC1) and also energise the relay to ring the bell. The monostable output

through inverter N1 will enable the latching circuit and LED1 will glow continuously to

indicate that you're out of the house.

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FEASIBILITY STUDY

This IoT based application is devised to perform video surveillance of home premises

and alert in case of any object detected. This system will detect the presence of person

and alerts the user by sending an e-mail with the image of object as attachment. Instead

of the CCTV set-up we have used PIR Sensor and a web camera. Whenever an object is

found within the range of PIR sensor, web camera captures the image through Raspberry

Pi and sends commands to click the picture and save it. When the system detects the

presence of an object, the camera captures it and sends it through FTP server of

Raspberry Pi by an e-mail. In addition an SMS alert is generated when the object

presence is detected and is sent to the corresponding user address through an application

called “pushetta”. In this application PIR sensor is used to detect the presence of a person

or any object and web Camera used to capture the detected presence. When this detection

takes place in the range of PIR sensor, it triggers the Camera through Raspberry Pi which

in turn sends commands to camera to click the picture and save it. Whenever anyone

comes in range of PIR sensor then the emitted infrared radiations of the object are

detected as a motion within the respective area. Web Camera is used to capture the

images when the presence is detected and then the Sensor triggers Camera to capture the

image and is sent to respective mail address. It creates a message alert through “Pushetta”

which is an application used to send broadcast messages to group of subscribers at a time.

It is a simple and reliable way of communication instantly with less maintenance cost.

Raspberry Pi creates a message and a mail to send it to the defined user address. The mail

contains a message and image of person as attachment along with date and time.

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COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

A competitive analysis can help you learn the ins and outs of how your competition

works, and identify potential opportunities where you can out-perform them. A

competitive analysis is an important aspect of the research. Even the strongest giants are

scared of competition. The regular competitor analysis helps you stay ahead of others. It

involves the evaluation of strength and weaknesses of your competitors and your

business. It also enables you to stay atop of industry trends and ensure your product is

consistently meeting — and exceeding — industry standards.

Competitors analysis involves:

 Determining who are your competitors

 Determining what product do you competitors offer

Few benefits of conducting competitive analyses according to me:

 Enables me to identify what my competitor is doing right (RIVAL PRODUCT) . This

information is critical for staying relevant and ensuring both your product and your

marketing campaigns are outperforming industry standards.

 Tells me where your competitors are falling short — which helps me identify areas of

opportunities in the marketplace, and test out new, unique marketing strategies they

haven't taken advantage of.

 I have Learn through customer reviews what's missing in a competitor's product, and

consider how I might add features to my own product to meet those needs.

 Provides me with a benchmark against which I can measure my own growth.

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SWOT ANALYSIS

SWOT stands for 'Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats'. This is a method of
analysis of the environment and the company's standing in it.
By doing SWOT analysis I have come across to some of the points:
STRENGTH----UNIQUENESS
WEAKNESS----LACK OF MARKET KNOWLEDGE
OPPORTUNITY----GRAB MORE MARKET
THREAT---COMPETTTORS
Following are the some of the benefits of SWOT analysis according to me:
 Helps me to understand my business better.
 Help me to address weaknesses.
 Help me to deter threats.
 Help to grab opportunities.
 Develop business goals and strategies for achieving them.

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It helps organizations determine whether the technical resources meet capacity and
whether the technical team is capable of converting the ideas into working systems.
Follow these steps to begin your technical feasibility study:

A technical feasibility study assesses the details of how you intend to deliver a product
or service to customers. Materials, labor, transportation, where your business will be
located, and the technology that will be necessary to bring all this together. It's the
logistical or tactical plan of how your business will produce, store, deliver, and track its
products or services.

A technical feasibility study is an excellent tool for both troubleshooting and long-term
planning. It can serve as a flowchart of how your products and services evolve and move
through your business to physically reach your market.

Begin—or End—With an Executive Summary

The word "summary" is key here. Highlight the key points of each section you'll include
in your technical feasibility study.

Prepare an Outline

 Basic areas you'll want to cover include materials, labor, transportation or


shipping, physical location, and technology. Be sure to include a thorough
description of the services or products you'll be offering. How will your business
benefit consumers? Give investors a reason to choose you over your competitors.

Calculate Material Requirements

 List the materials you'll require to produce a product or service. This section is
where you'll indicate where you'll get those materials. Include information such as
whether volume discounts will be available as your business grows or if you plan
to manufacture your parts at some point in time.
 Include what parts and supplies you'll need to produce a product, including things
like glue and nails. Mention all materials that will be involved in producing or
manufacturing what you're selling.

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Calculate Labor Requirements

 You can't run a business, offer services, or manufacturer products without the
help of others and that help will cost you. Even if you start your business as its
only employee, you'll have to add to your labor pool at some point if you plan to
grow.

Transportation and Shipping Requirements

 How will you transport items if you must send them from one place to another?

Calculate Marketing Requirements

 How will you reach consumers?


 Go beyond simple advertising plans, although this is important, too. Exactly what
type of advertising campaign do you plan to launch? Will you lean more heavily
on print media or other options and what consumers will you target? Explain why
they would want to buy from you rather than any of your competitors.

The Physical Location of Your Business

 Where you run your business will have an effect on your success.

Technology Requirements to Run Your Business

 Every business needs at least some kind of technology to operate.

Include Target Dates

 Tell investors when you plan to do what to bring your concept to fruition.

Support Your Financial Information

Summary of the Technical Feasibility Study

 Be sure to include all the technical requirements of your business from production
to customer receipt. This information will help investors know more about the
operations of your business.

SOME IMPORTAMT POINT WITH REGARD TON TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY:


 Market Overview
 Competitors
 Market status and outlook by region
 Application or end user

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 Market forecast
 Raw materials required
 Research findings and conclusion

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MARKET ANALYSIS
A market analysis is a quantitative and qualitative assessment of a market. It looks into
the size of the market both in volume and in value, the various customer segments and
buying patterns, the competition, and the economic environment in terms of barriers to
entry and regulation. Through these analyses, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and
threats of a company can be identified

Through market research I have come across following question.

 Who are my potential customers?


 What are my customers' buying habits?
 How large is my target market?
 How much are customers willing to pay for my product?
 Who are my main competitors?
 What are my competitors' strengths and weaknesses?

How to conduct a market analysis

These are the seven steps of conducting a market analysis:

1. Determine your purpose

2. Research the state of the industry---It's vital to include a detailed outline of the
current state of your industry. Include where the industry seems to be heading, using
metrics such as size, trends and projected growth, with plenty of data to support your
findings. You can also conduct a comparative market analysis to help you find your
competitive advantage within your specific market.

3. Identifying target customer.

4. Understand your competition.

5. Gather additional data.

6. Analyzing the data---After you collect all the information you can and verify that it is
accurate, you need to analyze the data to make it useful to you.

7. Analyzing the work.

Market analysis on following three things:

 Product for which segment


 Targeted audience
 Positioning

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PRODUCT FOR WHICH SEGMENT
Segmentation means to divide the marketplace into parts, or segments, which are
definable, accessible, actionable, and profitable and have a growth potential
I AM FOCUSING ON THE FOLLOWING SEGMENT:
 Market segment
 Customer segment

MARKET CUSTOMER
SEGEMNT SEGMENT

LOCAL MARKET MEN

NATIONAL
WOMAN
MARKET

GIRLS

BOYS

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TARGETED ADUIENCE

A target audience is a group of people identified as being likely customers of a


business. Target audiences help businesses advertise more efficiently as you know who
your target audience is and how to reach them. While it's important to reach as many
people as possible
Basically my targeted audiences are:
 Middle income group All type of people except children of age group
1-15
 Higher income group year old.

There is a lot of attributes that can be used in finding the right audience. Which are
listed below?
 Demography (Age—25+)
 Interests (whether they are interested in DOORBELL WITH GPS or not)
 Purchase intentions (whether they have intention to purchase it or not)

You should also analyze your products and services. What benefits do you offer?(GPS
TRACKING) Try to list them. Then think about people who have a need that your benefit
fulfills. How old are they? What they are interested in? What they are looking for and
why your product meets their needs? It will help you to find the right attributes of your
target group.
How to reach targeted audience?
To reach targeted audience I have used :
 Television
 Radio
 Newspaper
 Social media( Facebook, twitter, Google)
 Board and hoardings

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POSITIONING

POSITIONING IS BASICALLY CREATING A BRAND IMAGE IN THE MINDS OF


THE CUSTOMER:

I Have Done Positioning On The Basis Of Follow


 Based on product characteristics
1. Full comfort
2. Greatest maximum range
3. App-less key finder
4. Customizable settings
 Based on price

1. Cheap
2. Expensive
 Based on quality

 Based on product use or application

 Based on competition

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COSTING AND PRICING OF THE PRODUCT

The costs involved in creating a product are called Product Costs.


These costs include materials, labor, production supplies and factory overhead.
The cost of the labor required to deliver a service to a customer is also considered
a product cost.

I will decide the product cost keeping this factors into mind that is:
 Material required: cost of the raw material required for making the
product(wheels exercise ball, remote control etc)
 Number of labor required to manufacture this chair will also be the factor for
deciding the cost of the chair.
 And at last overheads cost will also be included in the cost price of the product.

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PRICIND OF THE PRODUCT

Price is the value that is put to a product or service and is the result of a complex
set of calculations, research and understanding and risk taking ability. A pricing
strategy takes into account segments, ability to pay, market conditions, competitor
actions, trade margins and input costs, amongst others. It is targeted at the defined
customers and against competitors.

Following are some of the pricing strategies which I am going to adopt while
pricing:

Penetration pricing: price is set artificially low to gain market share quickly.
This is done when a new product is being launched. It is understood that prices
will be raised once the promotion period is over and market share objectives are
achieved. Example: Mobile phone rates in India; housing loans etc.
Skimming strategy: high price is charged for a product till such time as
competitors allow
after which prices
can be dropped. The
idea is to recover
maximum money
before the product or
segment attracts
more competitors
who will lower
profits for all
concerned.
Example: the
earliest prices for
mobile phones,
VCRs and other
electronic items
where a few players ruled attracted lower cost Asian players
Competitive pricing
Competitive pricing is extremely similar to penetration pricing in that your goal is
to drive your target audience away from your competitors and toward your brand.
However, instead of making price increases later on, you‟ll continue to track what
your competitors are charging and beat them out.

How to price your product

1. Add up your variable costs (per product)


2. Add a profit margin

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3. Don't forget about fixed costs

Basically I have followed this two pricing strategies and accordingly I have kept the price
of product Rs, 800

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AVAILABLE SOURCE OF FUNDS

A financial feasibility study projects how much start-up capital is needed, sources of
capital, returns on investment, and other financial considerations. It looks at how much
cash is required, where it will come from, and how it will be spent. There are many
sources from where financing can be done but I am going to finance it from two financial
institutions.
This two bank provide loan for the startup:

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SBI Business Loan Interest Rates India (as per 20 Feb. 2022)

SBI business loan is one of the most popular schemes as it comes at with affordable
business loan rates, and has an online process to apply along with superior customer
service. SBI business loan interest rates begin from 11.20% and vary based on the
eligibility of the borrower.

Interest Rate 11.20%


Processing Fee From 2% to 3%

Tenure From 12 months to 48 months


Lowest EMI per lakh ₹ 2,594
Loan Amount Min ₹ 5 Lakh and Max ₹ 100 Cr
Part Prepayment, Charges 3%

Early Foreclosure, Charges Allowed after 6 EMI's, 3%

SBI Business Loan Interest Rates India(as per20th Feb)

SBI business loan is one of the most popular schemes as it comes at with affordable
business loan rates, and has an online process to apply along with superior customer
service. SBI business loan interest rates begin from 11.20% and vary based on the
eligibility of the borrower. Check Best Offers

Interest Rate 11.20%

Processing Fee From 2% to 3%

Tenure From 12 months to 48 months

Lowest EMI per lakh ₹ 2,594

Loan Amount Min ₹ 5 Lakh and Max ₹ 100 Cr

Part Prepayment, Charges 3%

Early Foreclosure, Charges Allowed after 6 EMI's, 3%

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LIMITATIONS OF THE PRODUCT
Following are the some of the limitations of the product which put a limit on growth of
the business:
1. Shortage of labour
 If adequate labours are not available then business may not be
successful.
2. Extra cost
 Too much of cost is involved in manufacturing the product right from the
purchase of raw material till it reaches the final consumer.
 Lots of many is spend on advertisement of the product

3. Evolving market
4. Competition
 Due to high level of competition the product may not successfully run into
the market.
5. High battery consumption
6. Resources and cost
 Too many resources are involved in the production of the product.
7. Price is too high
8. Lack of knowledge
9. Managerial capacity

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riskness

extra cost

evolving market

competition

High battery consumption

Resources and cost

lack of knowledge

OTHER POSSIBILITIES OF FURTHER INNOVATION IN THIS PRODUCT

There is number of possibility of future update of this product that will make more
comfortable and reliable.
Reasons for further innovation:
 To bring something new
 To capture new market
 To create new demand
 To full customer needs
We can have some more feature in it that.

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CONCLUSION

To increase the availability of smart doorbells, we introduce the Dashbell-a smart

doorbell system that utilizes the Amazon dash button and existing devices in modern

homes to develop a budget solution for users. The Dashbell system has the similar

functionality with its commercialized counterparts with a much lower price. It costs less

than 40 US dollars compared to 199 US dollars for a single smart doorbell available in

market. The Dashbell employs a distributed approach, which enables fast fault detection

and diagnosis. By doing so, we spread the benefits that smart doorbells bring to home

users and contribute to building a smarter and better world through technology.

34
BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. 6 Very Useful Free Ebooks On Robotics And Its Various Aspects!

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2. 5 Free eBooks On Analog Circuits Designing

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3. 16 Free e‐Books On Mechatronics & Robotics

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4. 5 Free eBooks On Robust Control

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5. 7 Free eBooks On Instrumentation Engineering

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6. 9 Free eBook On Elecromagnetics!

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7. 25 Free eBooks On Electronics!

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