CESC - Lesson 2 Different Perspectives of Community

Community Engagement, Solidarity and Citizenship
DIFFERENT
PERSPECTIVES OF
COMMUNITY
Lesson 2
DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY ACROSS DIFFERENT
PERSPECTIVES
The Social Science Perspective
“Social Science” is an umbrella term for various fields
of study which examines social relations and human
society.
It views the community as composed of people
interacting with one another, sensitive to each other’s
emotions and subjective point of view.
Basically, it describes “community as a group of
people in a particular area interacting together.”
The following are disciplines in social
DEFINITION OF sciences that related to the idea of
community:
COMMUNITY ACROSS Anthropology
DIFFERENT Economics
Political Science
PERSPECTIVES Psychology
Sociology
DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY: ANTHROPOLOGY
This field examines the various aspects of
humans, such as their biology, behavior, culture
and social interactions.
It may also study how people adapt their ways
of living to different environments e.g,
determining ways to help a community solve
health related concerns.
DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY: ANTHROPOLOGY
This can be addressed by understanding the

situation through interacting with the people in
the community.
Connecting its history with its present condition.,
end eventually solving the community concern.
DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY: ECONOMICS
This field studies the production, allocation and
consumption of goods and services.
In any community, one finds various forms of
wealth distribution.
The ultimate goal of economics is to improve the
lives of people, such that their needs are
satisfied.
DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY: POLITICAL SCIENCE
The field encompasses the various ways and means
of allocating power, influence, decision-making.
This includes types of governments and
management systems, and how people in small bands
or informal groups make decisions when they do not
have recognized leaders.
All communities have some forms of political
system.
DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY: PSYCHOLOGY
This discipline studies the human mind,
brain, and social behavior.
This extends to interaction between
people and interpersonal relationships.
DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY: PSYCHOLOGY
It comprises a variety of different subfields

including abnormal psychology, developmental
psychology, cognitive psychology and social
psychology.
Psychology in general is most often associated with
the study, diagnosis and treatment of mental
illnesses.
DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY: SOCIOLOGY
This field is the study of society, social

order, social interactions, and culture.
It introduces the concepts of social
capital and communitarianism.
DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY: SOCIOLOGY
Social capital is defined as the networks of relationship
among people who live and work in a particular society
for the effective functioning of the community.
The concept of communitarianism explains the
connection between the individual and the community.
Every person has a special role in one’s society, and it’s
part of human nature to relate with other people in
various conditions or situations.
CIVIL SOCIETY PERSPECTIVE
Stresses the idea of forming a group, foundation
or an organization in service to society.
This perspective views society as a community
of citizens linked by common interests and
collective activity.
Examples include people’s organization, civic
organization, and social movements.
This is considered the affective model of
community since a sense of belonging is achieved
due to the collaboration of shared interests and
identities in serving the humanity.
Groups of people come together regardless of
location, and organize plans to render support
and assistance to society.
Some examples of civic organizations in the
Philippines are ABS CBN Foundation, Ayala Red
Cross Foundation, Boy and Girl Scouts of the
Philippines and Caritas Manila.
The human right movement, on the other hand, is
an example of social movement.
LOCAL AND GRASSROOTS PERSPECTIVES
This perspective highlights volunteerism.
Members of communities may involve themselves in
various programs or activities. The community uses
self-organization and encourages the local citizens
to contribute to the community by taking
responsibilities and actions.
Leaders and other members identify the sources
of concerns in a local setting and determine ways
to address these problems.
Volunteers are mobilized in cooperation with
government decision-makers who will be
accountable for their actions.
The community also formulates programs for
others, and employs actions according to the needs
of the community.
A concrete example of this is when doctors and
dentists in different communities come together
to organize medical and dental missions especially
for families affected by calamities.
The youth who are full of spirit and energy are
often excited to engage themselves in outdoor
activities.
Immersing themselves in farming and fishing and
taking part in the planting of trees and crops will
serve a meaningful experience for them.
INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
The institutional perspective views the community in three different
dimensions.
dimensions.
dimensions.

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Community Engagement, Solidarity and Citizenship

This can be addressed by understanding the

It comprises a variety of different subfields

This field is the study of society, social

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