UGANDA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY-MUKONO

FACULTY OF LAW

YEAR 2021

COURSE UNIT: CRIMINAL PROCEDURE

LECTURER: MS. TUSIIMIRE ANNITAH

TUTOR: MS. JOCHEBED NASSIMBWA

Course description
Criminal Procedure is essentially a practical subject concerned with technical rules set out in statutes a n d case
l aw . Grasping t h e s e rules therefore is essential f o r a successful legal career especially for students with
keen interest in criminal practice. The course is intended to equip students with knowledge on general
principles and practicable application of the law on criminal procedure in the lower/subordinate courts, superior
courts of record, as well as, the appellate courts. The course will also enable students to acquire a broad and
critical approach to Criminal procedural rules and regulations. The overall outcome of the course is to equip
students with practical knowledge on procedural aspects of criminal adjectival process to enable them make
better academic and /or effectively participate in criminal
Proceedings as state prosecutors, judicial officers or defense attorneys as well as researchers and, legislators/or policy
makers. Better understanding of the subject r e q u i r e s cross refer enci ng w i t h other course modules: fundamental
principles of criminal law, evidence, and constitutional law. We shall also explore and contextualize emerging
challenges to administration of [Criminal] Justice arising from cross border organized and net-worked crimes such
as terrorism, cybercrime, computer misuse, a clash of culture and legal systems eg 'mato put'.

Core Material
A. Legislation

The Constitution of Uganda 1995

The Magistrate Court Act cap 16.
The Criminal Procedure Code Act Cap 116.
The Trial on Indictments Act cap 23. The Penal Code Act cap120
The Evidence Act cap 6
The Police Act cap 303
The Prisons Act Cap. 304
The Probation Act Cap. 122
The Children Act cap 59.
"The Habitual Criminals (Preventive Detention) Act Cap. 118
The Extradition Act cap 117. The Judicature Act cap 13
The Court of Appeal Rules, Directions, 1996
Justice of the Peace Act Cap.15
The Magistrates Courts (Amendment) Act 2007
The Penal Code (Amendment) Acts 2007

B. Text Books and Journal Articles

1. Brown Donglas: Criminal Procedure in Uganda and Kenya, 2nd Ed., London, Sweet & Maxwell, 1970
2. Ayume, Francis J: Criminal Procedure and Law in Uganda, Longman, 1980
3. Ssekandi, F.W.: Specimen Charges for Common Offences in Uganda, Kampala, L.D.C Publishers, 1975
4. Odoki, B.J : A Guide to Criminal Procedure in Uganda, Kampala, L.D.C, Publishers, 975
5. Odoki, B .J : Cases on Criminal Procedure Vol. II LD.C Publication: A Handbook for Magistrates, Kampala. 1972
6. Roger Arguile: Criminal Procedure, London, Butterworths
7. Slatery, B . 0 : A Handbook for Magistrates, Kampala, 1972
8. Odoki, B, J.: Sentencing in Uganda ( L.D.C) ~ Kampala, 197

9. Cecil Twiner: Kenny's Outline of Criminal Law, (1469) CUP.

10. Butler and Garsie: Krehbold's Criminal Pleadings, Evidence and Practice, London, Sweet & Maxwell
11. Devin, P. Criminal Prosecution in England
12. Jackson, R.M: Enforcing the Law London, Regime Books, 1967
13. Thomas, D.A Principles of Sentencing, London, Heinemann 1 9 7 0
14. Ssekandi, F.M: The Art of Advocacy, Kampala, L.D.C., 1972
15. Hampton C: Criminal Procedure and Evidence (1973) London, Sweet & Maxwell.
16. David Barnard (1988), the Criminal Court in Action, 3rd Ed.
17. Andrews Sanders & Richard Young (1994) Criminal Justice
18. Richard stone: Entry, Search and Seizure: A guide to civil and criminal powers of entry, 3rd Edition 1997
19. Nigel Walker and Nicola Padfield: Sentencing Theory, Law and Practice, (1996) 2nd Ed.
20. Marcus Stone: Cross Examination in criminal trials, (1995) 2nd Ed.
21. Kamari Mixine Clarke (2009) 'FICTION OF JUSTICE' The International Criminal Court and the Challenge to
Legal Pluralism in Sub-Saharan Africa (CUP).

I. Jurisdiction
1. Ayume: Chapter 3, pg.15-16.
2. Odoki; pg.1-9
3. Richard Card and Jones: Criminal Law ta" Edition Ch.4, pg.45.
4. Uganda Constitution 1995 - Articles 129-139.
5. Judicature Act Cap 13.
6. Magistrates' Courts Act: Sections 1, 2, 3, 31-41, 142, 157, 161 & 166.
7. The Trial on Indictments Act cap 23, Sections 1 & 3.
8. The Penal Code Act Cap 120 S.4 and 5

Cases
1. U vs. James Bitambe (1983) HCB 17
2. Uganda vs. Mustapha Atama, (1975) HCB 254.
3. Kirparam & Sons vs. Khushal Chand (1932-35) 5 ULR 71.

4. Lee Kahigwa & A.K., Rasid vs. Uganda [1964] EA 451.

5. Uganda vs. Yusuf Assi (1973) HCB 98.
6. Rufus Riddlesbragervs Brian Robson [1959] EA 84.
7. Kabenge & 2 Others vs. Uganda (1971) ULR 20.
8. R vs. Hashin SO Mohamed Mfaume (1968) HCB 272.
9. Desai vs. Warsama (1967) EA 351.
10. Oscoff vs. Benabo (1967) 2 All ER 48.
11. Anisimic Ltd vs. Foreign Compensation Commission (1967) 2 All ER986.
12. Ug. Vs. Katamu Alaya (1977) HCB 219..
13. Regina vs. Pinfold (1988) 2 VV .L.R 635.
14. Ug vs. Santina Rakias [1980] HCB 98.
15. Ug. Vs. Stabi Juman [1983] HCB 14.
16. Ug vs Kankinho James and Bateta Annet Alias H.C.C/S. Case Bo.1 /1966 (unreported).
17. Ug. vs Ongone Taresela (1992-1993) HCB 75
18, Ug. Vs Christopher Kiwanuka (1979) HCB 210
20. Karim Bagenda & ORS v Uganda [1994] V KALR 43

II. Extradition (An aspect of Jurisdiction)

1. Magistrates Courts Act (Section 121 and 123)
2. TIO: Section 52.
3. The Extradition Act (Cap.117)
4. Francis Ayume: Ch. 3 pp.21-28.

Cases
1. Re Castioni (1891) 1QB149
2. R vs Meunier (1894) 2 QB 415
3. R vs Governor of Brixton, ex Parte Gardener [1968] All ER 636
4. Re Extradition Act 1970, ex Parte Treasury Solicitor General (1961) 1WLR
5. Cheng vs Governor of Pentoville Prison (1973) 2 WLR 746
6. Re an application by the Attorney General of Tanganyika [1958] E 482.
Ill. Summonses. Warrants and Arrests
1. Ayume Chapter 4 .
2" B.J. Odoki: A Guide to Criminal Procedure in Uganda 2nd Edn., pg. 37-44.
3. GW Kanyeihamba: The Law and the Citizens in Uganda, University of EA

Social Sciences Council Conference Proceedings Kampala (available

4. MCA: Section 44 - 53 Summons

5. TIA: Section 5, 21-36 Warrants and Arrests
6. TIA: Section 15
7. CPC: Section 5-19
8. Uganda Constitution 1995:Art.23 & 24.

Cases
1. M'bui vs Dyer (1967} EA 315
2. Stephen B i r o vs R [1962] EA 61
3. Davey vs Shawcroft (1948)1 All ER 227
4. Mwangi s/o Njerege v s R (1954) 21 EACA 377
5. · Christie v s Leachinsky [194 7] AC 573; [1946] KB 124
6. Karum s /o Njerege v s R (1954)21 EACA 377
7. Beard & Another v s Republic [ 1970] E A 448
8. Wheatley vs Lodge (1971) i All ER 173
9. Joseph Byarugaba vs Uganda [1973] ULR 4
10. Gustus Nsubuga vs Attorney General (1973). 1 ULR 74
11. In the matter of an Application for habeas corpus Nairobi H/C Criminal application No.53/1987
October 1987 Nairobi Law Monthly.
12. Edward Lule Nsimbe vs Ug. (1982)HCB77.
13. U vs D Kamalawo and 4 others (1983 HCB 23.
14. R vs Kapadia Madur (1967) HCB 103 (TZ)
15. Nvule vs A"G (1978) H.C.B 31.
16. Ug vs Jamil Kisegerwa & Another (1978) HCB 137
17. Stephen Oporocha v Uganda [1991] HCB 9
18" Uganda v Kizza [1983] HCB 12

19. F. Sentamu v U.C.B. & Another [1983] HCB 59

20. Uganda v Kisegerwa and Another [1978] HCB 137
21. Byansi & Another v Busoga District Local Administration [1975] HCB 286
22. Re: E..S. Lumu & 4 Others, Misc. Criminal Appeal Nos. 31-35 of 1996
23. J. Nkozebwa v R, Criminal Appeal No. 215of1954
24. R.K. Kasule v Makerere University Kampala 1975 HCB 375
IV. Searches and Search Warra
1. Odoki B.J: A Guide to Criminal Procedure in Uganda Ch.10, pp.45-48. The Constitution r995, Art.27
2. Ayume: Chapter 5
3. MCA: Sections 6CPC: Sections 16-21
4. Police Act cap 303 sections 24, 25 26, 27 & 28.

Cases
1. Elias vs Pasmore (1934) 2 KB 164
2. Mohanlal Trivedi vs R [1967] E.A 355
3. Kityo vs Uganda [1967] EA 23
4. Onyango vs Uganda [1967] EA 386
5., Tenywa vs Uganda [1967] EA 102
6. Dritoo vs West Nile District Administration [1968] EA 428
7. Uganda vs Twaha Muyangu [1975] HCB 329
8. Uganda vs Alfred Cox-Odoki (1973] HCB 191
9. Uganda Nuwa Geregere, Crim. Rev. No.14/74 (unreported)
10. Uganda vs Asman Saidio and Another Crim. Rev. No. 100/76
11. Koech vs Republic [1968] EA 109
12. Simon Musoke vs Uganda [1958] EA 715
13. Tumuhairwe vs Uganda (1967] E.A 328
14. Ug. Vs Musisi [1977] HCB 298
15. Kiwanuka and Anor. vs Uganda [1977] HCB 1
16. Ug. Vs G. Siranuye [1977] HCB 21417. Ug. D. Mukasa [ 1978] HCB 318
18 Ndege vs Ug. [1979] HCB 162 (CA)
19. U vs E. Kakooza [1984] HCB 1
20. John Okello v Uganda, Criminal Appeal No. 198 of 1965
21. Uganda v Zakaria Kera [1975] 107
22. Christopher Lubaale v Uganda [1995] VI KALR 36

V. Bail
1. The Constitution, Art. 23(6)
2. Ayume: Chapter 6.
3. Odoki B.J: A Guide to Criminal Procedure Ch.4, pp.69-75.
4. Bryan Gibson. (The Law, Best Practice and the Debate)
5. MCA Sections 75-84.
6. Trial on Indictments Act cap 23 S.14 & 15.
7. Halsbury's Laws of England. Fourth Edition, vol, 11 (2)
CASES
1. Uganda vs. Wilberforce Nadiope M.B. 153/69
2. U vs. Lawrence Luzinda [1986] HCB 33
3. S. Ruparelia vs. Ug (1992-93) HCB 52
4. In the Application of Bail for Balaki Kiirya Misc. Criminal Appeal 65/1984.
5. OPP V Col (RTD) Dr. Kiiza Besigye, Constitutional Reference No.20 of 2005

The current position regarding Bail

6. Col (RTD) Dr. Kiiza Besigye v Uganda H.C. Criminal Misc. Application No. 37 of 2004 -Interim bail
7. Havind Patel v Uganda S.C.C.A. NO 1 of 2003 -Considerations for bail pending appeal
8. Christopher Lubale v Uganda [1995] IV KALR 48 -Bail pending appeal c/s217(1) MCA-Chronic sickness with
AIDS- Whether g r o u n d sufficient for application for bail pending appeal
9. Capt. Wilberforce Serunkuma v Uganda [1995] 1 KALR 32 –Whether AIDS falls under exceptional circumstances of
grave illness unders. (14) (A) TIA justifying g r a n t of bail
10. Leonard Muyingo v Uganda [ 1995] I I KALR 32 -Whether application f o r bail in a higher court
stays proceedings in the lower court
11. Uganda v Quarish Ggolooba [1998] 11 KALR 27 -Whether accused on
bail may not travel outside jurisdiction without leave of court
12. Charles Onyango Obbo & Andrew Mwenda v Uganda [1997] V KALR
25 - Whether bail of UgShs. 2m/= for a person accused of publishing false news cls 24 PCA is excessive-
Whether magistrate failed to exercise his discretion judiciously
13. Mutyaba Semu v Uganda H.C. Criminal Misc. Application No. 99/92 -
Whether 60 years of age was advanced age for 'purposes of granting bail to the applicant.
14. Dr. Aggrey Kiyingi v Uganda H.C. Misc. Criminal Application NoA1 of 2005
15. Florence Byabazaire v Uganda H.C. Misc. Application No. 284 of 2006
16. Christopher John Boehlke v Uganda H.C. Misc. Application No. 332 of 2006
18. Mpuuma K. Leonard v Uganda H.C. Misc. Application No. 325 of 2006
19. David Chandi Jamwa v Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Application No. 20 of 2011

F CHARGES AND INDICTMENTS Ayume Chapter 7

Odoki, B.J. Ch.11 pp.48-58
Kenny's Outline Paras 735-755 (588-610) and paras 735-755 (588-610). MCA: Sections 42(2), 85-88, 132
TIA: Sections 22-27, 50-51, and 58

CASES
1. R vs. Tambukiriza s/o Kiyonga [1958] EA 212
2. Ug vs. Samwiri Baligeya [1977] HCB 223
3. Judagi and Others vs. West Nile District Administration [1963] EA 40
4. R vs. Wandera (1948) 15 MCA 105
5. Ug vs. Lakol [1986] HCB 27
6. Abubakali Amin and Another vs. Uganda (1973) 1 ULR 1
7. R vs. Male [1963] EA 471
8. Ug vs. Mafabi & Another [1976] HCB 172
9. Matu vs. R [1951] EACA 311
10. Uganda vs Kakiki Matovu and Another vs. Uganda [1983] HCB 311
11. Balinda vs. Ug. (1992-93) HCB 41
12. Kayondo vs. Uganda (1992-93) HCB 41
13. Uganda vs. Ndondo & 2 Others [1985] HCB 3
14. Kimeze Another vs. Uganda [1983] HCB 9
15. Uganda v Paulo Muwanga (1988-90) HCB 72
16. Uganda v William lbwokital [1980] HCB 3
17. Stephen Kisuwa & Another v Uganda [1980] HCB 95
18. Uganda v Bambeijo & Another [1981] HCB 4
19. Uganda v Katabazi [1978] HCB 67
20. Uganda v B. Mpaya [1975] HCB 245
21. Mohammed Kayiwa v Uganda [1975] HCB 67
22. Uganda v S. Byaruhanga [1975] HCB 258
23. Uganda v Ocilaje s/o Eragu [1977] HCB 9
24. Honesio Avone v Uganda, Criminal Appeal No. 88 of 1967

Joinder of Charges
M.C.A: Sections 85-87
TIA: Sections 23-24
Ayume: pp.70-75

Cases
1. Alikaeli vs R (1954) 21 EACA 371
2. Yakobo Uma and Another vs. R [1965] EA 542
3. Laban Kati vs. R [1962] EA 439 (K)
4. Sulemani Makerere vs. R (1973) 1 TLR (R) 205
5. R vs Holley and Others (1969) 1969 Crim. Rev. pg.137
6. R vs Petr J. Scarmange 4 7 Cr. App r.2132
7. Uganda v s . Katabazi [1978] HCB 67
8. Uganda vs. Luabye [1986] AC 31
9. R vs. Decree Clayton Wright 35 Cr. App.22
10. Joseph s/o Odare vs. R (1954 21 EACA 311
11. Delip Sigh vs. R [1971] HCB 364.
12. Yolamu Okecho & Another vs. U [1977] HCB 270
13. Uganda vs. Muwonge (1988-90) HCB 72
14. Kato vs. R [1971 HCB 36
15 Nathan vs. R [i965] EA~77
16. Uganda vs. Emmanuel Yigga [1984 HCB 25
17. Bahai vs. R (1971) 200 (TZ)
18. Yowanda Buliza vs. Ug. [1965] EA 439 (CA)
19. Jerinih s/o Swangi vs. R (1951) 18 EACA
20. R vs. Smith (1958) 1 All ER457 (1958} INLR 312 or42 Crim. Appl. R.35
2-1. Kimeze & another VK Uganda f.1983] HC8 q
22. Ug. Vs. Bitambe [1983] HCB 17
23. Uganda vs. Kadi Matovu & Another [1983 HCB
24. Pin vs. Uganda (1992-93} HCB 32
25. Uganda v Amisi [1970] EA 291
26. Yorokamu Okecho & lsaya Okumu v Uganda [1977] HCB 270
27. Yowana Sebuzukira v Uganda [1965] EA 684

Defective Charges. Duplicity etc.

MCA: Section 4 2
TIA: Section 2 5 , 5 0 and 58
Odoki BJ: pg.55-56
Ayume: pg. 76-80

CASES
1. Uganda vs. H Tanuel [1964] EA 297

2. Uganda vs. Matovu [1983] HCB 27

3. Sosipeter Opale v s . R [1962] EA 661
4. G. Kimaze and Another vs. Uganda [1983] HCB 9

5. Kati vs. R [1962] EA 437

6. Avone vs. Uganda [1969] EA 129
7. Uganda vs. James Bitambe [1983] HCB 17

8. Mwambelefu vs. R (1962) (supra)

9. Uganda v s . Robert & Another (1969) EA 622

10. Opale vs. R (1962) EA 661

11.. Uganda v s . Keneri Opidi (1965) EA 614

 71 /72( unreported)

13. Uganda vs. Tumuhairwe (supra}

14. Abdul Rasul G . Sabur vs. R [1958]EA 126

15. Uganda vs. Tumbukire (supra)

16. Harbans Singh v s . R [1958] EA 199

17. Japhat George Agaitu vs. R [1964] EA 69

18. R vs. Njidige Bin Aapwana and Another (1939) 6 EACA 118

19. Ug vs. Bwambale & Another [1979] HCB 252

20. Blasius v s . R [1973] EA 511

21. Saidi vs. R [1969] EA 280

22. Ludwike v s . R [1967] EA 763

23. Ug. vs. Okello [1985] HCB 2

24. Ug vs. Zikolane (1989-90) HCB 13

25. Mukunda v s . R [1967] EA 25

27. Subur vs. R [1958] EA 126

28. Sinjana s /o Ntebi and another v s . R [1969] E A 247 (TZ)

29. Kambi Shoov Sad vs. R [1971] HCB 230
30. Ug vs. Ssebaale [1986] HCB 36
Ug vs. Bitambe ( 1983] HCB 17

Njuguna v R [2003] 1 EA 206(CAK) -Whether stating in a charge a lesser amount than that actually stolen
rendered the charge defective or mere irregularity

Amendmentsof Charges
MCA: Section 132
TIA: Section 50
Ayume: pg.81 - 83
Odoki: pg.58
CASES
1. Mbithi Kisoi vs. R (1955) 22 EACA 484
2. Maine s/o Kamunye vs. R (1954) 21 EACA 252 (K}
3. Yusuf Maumba vs. R [1966] EA 167
4. Mutu s/o Gishimu vs. R (1951) 18 EACA 311 (K)
5. Saucier vs. R [1962] EA 30 (S)
6. R vs Pople (1951) 1 KB 53
7. Maulidi Abdullah Chengo vs. Republic (1964] EA 122 (T)
8. M. Odikira vs. Orim, App.No.132/1977.
9. William Sebugenyi vs. R (1959) EA 411
10. Uganda v lsaka lrurnba & 4 others [1978] HCB 229
11. Musoke v R (1956-57) 8 ULR 108
12. Hunter v R (1956-57) 8 ULR 366
13. R v Nyamitare (1956-57) 8 ULR 292

G TRIAL PROCEDURE

1. MAGISTRATE COURTS
Ayume: Ch.8
Odoki B . J : Ch.92-100

MCA Sections 114-118, 119-160. CASES

1. R vs. d/o Snag and others (1987) 14 EACA 134
2. Wanje Kanyoro Kamau vs. R [1965] EA 501 (CA)
3. R vs. Sitapakwe s/o Kilembo ( 1945) 1 9 EACA 47
4. Lubega and others vs. R (1967) EACA 240
5. Uganda vs. Barza and another Criminal appeals Nos. 36-87/73
6. Uganda vs. Lule Crim. Case 456/68
7. Uganda v s . Lwanga and others crim. S. case No.179/71
8. Kanyankole vs. Uganda Crim.Applic. 18/72(CA)
9. R. v Hans 20 Cr. App. EA 144
10. Mwangi and Ors. Vs. R [1974] EA 499
11. Batala vs E [1974] EA402
12. Sulemani Oyo vs. Uganda Crim. Appl No.150/71 (EACA) (unreported)
14. Eustace v Republic
15. Criminal Revision No. 47 of 1980 [1981} HCB 6
16. Uganda v Akai & Others [1979] HCB 8
17. Musa & Others v R [1970] EA 42
18. Uganda v G. Ndungo [1978] HCB 22
19" R v Suke d/o Samwe & Others (1947) 1 4 EACA 1 3 4

PLEAS
1. R vs. Inns 60 Crim. Appeal R. 231
2. Adan vs. R [1975] EA 445
3. Ug vs. Mwebese (1978) HCB 872
R vs. Moses Muwonge and Ug vs Kilama (1992-93) HCB 50
2 others Crim Rev.
145/1977 Ug vs Bwambale & Another [1979] HCB 252

- ~
Ug vs. Wasswa & Others Ug vs Fred Rutoroki [1979] HCB 253
( 1969) KALR 94
Ug vs Haji Zedi Sernuqoya, Crim. Rev. No.235 of 1973. Uganda
Ug vs. Lwanga [1984] v Milenge & Another 1970] EA 269
HCB 20 George Kanalusasi v Uganda (1988-90) HCB 9

Ug vs Motooroki [1979] Uganda v Charles Olet & Another [1991] HCB 13

HCB 253 see also statute
1 /1982 and S.1 Samwiri Mugabi v Uganda [1987] HCB 14
120/1982.
Luusi Mibuulo v Uganda [1985] HCB 5
R vs Thomas [1950] KB
26

Haji Sedi Senyaga vs

Uganda [1975] EA 186

Ug vs iViuwonge & others

[i 918] HCB 23

Ug vs Tukei [1979] HCB

127

Ug vs Lako [1986] HCB

27
--·--·----
23. Uganda v Paulo Lwanga [1984] HCB 20

24. Uganda v Matovu [1973] HCB 195

25. J. Bizangande v Uganda [1976] HCB 9

CHANGE OF PLEA AND THE FUNCTUS OFFICIO RULE Ayume ch.9, pg. 111-116.
CASES

1. · Mugola s/o Pudha vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 171

2. U vs Christopher Mukiibi Crim. Appl. 511/72 (unreported)
3. Kulundi Gatithi vs. R [1973] EA 540
4. Lapi and 2 Others vs. Uganda MB 88/65
5. Okello vs. R [1969] EA 378
6. Yusuf Mbumba vs. R [1966] EA 383
7. R vs. Guest (1964) 3 All ER 385
8. S (an infant) v Manchester City Recorder & Others (1969) 3 All ER 1230
9. U vs. Serio Elie Crim. Rev. 90/77
10. U vs. Ndondo & 2 Others [1985] HCB 3
11. George Yigga vs. U [1974] HCB 162
12. Joseph Mugola vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 171
13. Ug. Vs. Muwonge & Others [1978] HCB 23
14. Ug vs. Tukei [1979] HCB 127
15. Ug vs. Bakamwise [1986) HCB 15
16. Uganda v Okwang Michael (1992-93) HCB 62

2. TRIAL IN THE HIGH COURT TIA: Sections 50-98

Ug vs. Yanosam Lule Crim. Ses. Case 456/68
Ug vs. Musa Lwanga and 4 others Crim . Sc. No. 179 of 1971 (unreported)
Ug vs. Aleper Ogola s/o Sagala Crim. Sc. No.501/71 (unreported)
John Kanyankore vs. Uganda EACA Crim App. No. 18/72 (unreported)
U vs. Wasajja [1975] HCB 76
R v Dinu d/o Sombi & 2 Others (1953) 20 EACA 166
Vithlani v R (1956-57) 8 ULR 155
Mafabi s/o Mafabi v R (1956-57) 8 ULR 59

H ASSESSORS
Ayume Ch.11
Odoki B.J: pp.126-128

Secondary Reading
1. Excerpts from part Ill of Jearey's article 3 UAL 82
2. Sir John Gray - Opinion of Assessors in criminal Trials in East Africa as to
Native Custom - (1985)2 JAL
3. A.W Allot- The Judicial Asertainment of Customary Law in British Africa -
20 ELR 294.
4. Odero, F . W . J . The role and Status of Assessors in East African Judicial
Systems; Journal of Denning L a w Society D S M (12) December
5. Mugamba P, J, (2010) 'Presentation to Uganda Law Society o n Criminal
Justice System in Uganda.
6. Mubiru S (2010) Role of the Defence Attorney in Criminal Trials in Uganda' A paper presented to Uganda
Law Society CLE Training.

CASES
1. Ndirangu s/o Odingo vs. R (1954) 2 EA 878
2. Washington s/o Maingi VR (1954) 21 EACA 39 2 .
3. R. Vs. Mutwiwa s/o Maingi (1935) 2 EACA 66
4. R vs. Kiswaga s/o Luguma (1948) 15 EACA 50
5. R vs. Guzambizi Wesonga (1948) 15 EACA 65
6. R vs. Edimbe s/o Nyandawale (1947) 14 EACA 85
7. Godfrey Tinkamalirwa & Another v Uganda ( 1988-90) HCB 5
8. King Emperor vs. Tirurnali Reddi 24 Madras 529
9. Mahlikilili Dhalamini vs. The King [1942] AC 553
10. Khiza vs. Ug. [1983] HCB 1 2
11.. Kusain Lukoda vs. Ug. [1983] HCB 6
12. Kasule vs. Ug (1992-93) HCB 38
13. Komakech vs. Ug. (1992-93) HCB 21
14. Ocoke v s . Ug (1992-93) HCB 12
15. Kanalusasi vs. Ug (1988-90) HCB 9
16. Kassim M u s a Obura vs . Ug. [1983]HCB 3
17. Birikadde v s . Ug. [1986] H C B 6
18. Bihinganwa vs. Ug. (1986) HCB 2
19. Kinyori s /o Karuditi v R (1956) 23 EALR 48
22. Abdu K o m a k e c h v Uganda ( 1992-93) HCB 21
23. Mohammed Byamugisha v Uganda [ 1987] HCB 4
24. G. Bihinganwa v Uganda [ 1986] H C B 125. R v W. Y. Wilken [1965] HCB 286
26. John Kuka v Uqanda, Supreme Court Criminal Appeal No. 1 of 1992
27. Sula Kasiiria v Uganda S.C.C.A No. 20 of 1993 Summing up to the assessors said to be prejudicial
to the appellant's case
28. Sam Ekolu alias Obote v Uganda S.C.C.A No. 15 of 1994 Omission by the learned trial judge to sum
up the law to the assessors -Whether the whole trial rendered a nullity- Irregular recording of the
assessor's combined opinion
29. Kenge v R [1999] 1 EA 145 (CAK) Absence of assessor- whether court has the power to expel a
sitting assessor or bar his participation due to absence.
30. Bwenge v Uganda [1999] 1 EA 25 (CAU) Effect of the assessor's absence on trial- whether an assessor
who absents herself from part of the trial can resume her role at a later date.
31. Fred Sebahashi v Uganda [1994] V KALR 127 Reasons for departing from advice of the assessors-
Whether the trial court erred in not giving reasons for the departure from the advice of the assessors.
32. Uganda v Hon. Eng. Abraham James Byandala & 7 Ors ACD No. 001 of
2015 (unreported: Gidudu; J)

JUDGEMENTS AND COMPETENT VERDICTS Ayume - chapter 13

Odoki - chapters 2 5 , pg.32-135
MCA SS. 135~136; 144-155
TIA SS 82-86; 90
Kenny pars 731; 732; 735

CASES
1. Amiraliv Ismail vs. R (1952) 1 TLR (R) 370
2. Daudi Wade vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 138
3. R vs. Ali Abdulla Shirazi and another (1956) 23 EACA 550
4. R vs. Kangara s/o Karanjo (1934) 1 EACA 74
5. Akadit s /o Lengobe a n d another v s . R (1951) 1 8 EACA 1 9 3
6. Desiderio Kawunya vs. R ('1953) 20 EACA 2.81
7. Samwiri Senyange vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 277
8. Mugema vs Republic [1967] EA 606
9. Bwire vs. Uganda [1966] EA 539
10. Misango vs. Republic [1969] EA 539
11. R vs. Sena [1971] HCB 208
12. John vs. R [1971] HCB 380
13. lsliam Nkate vs. R (1961] HCB 216
14. Alex Opolot vs Uganda Crim. Appealence 56/72 (GA}
15. Ug vs. Emmanuel Yanga (supra)
16. Ug vs. Benctor Adrabe [1984] HCB 20
17. Ug vs. Okitoyi (1978) HCB 3
18. Uvs. Zikolere and 2 others (1986) HCB 21.
19. Jean Charles Confiance v R [1960] EA 567
20. George Kanalusasi v Uganda (1988-90) HCB 9
21. Uganda v L. Oyang & Another [1980] HCB 4
22. Uganda v Ochola & 2 Others [1981] HCB 8
23. Uganda v Pampilio Edebu [1979] HCB 209
24. Uganda v Yusufu Kasanda & 3 Others [1978] HCB 223
26. Raphael Kiiza & Anor V Uganda (1995) Ill KALR 59 Whether failure to date judgement fatal
27. Karim Bagenda & Ors V Uganda (1994) V KALR 43 Whether a judge may reserve reasons for her judgment.

Minor and Cognate Offences

Ayume: Ch. 13 pg.151

S. 142 MCA CASES

1. Robert Ndeche and Another vs. R (1954) 18 EACA 1 7 1
2. R vs. Mayanja (1936-51) 6 ULR 11
3. Ali Masabaeru Mpauda v s . R [1963] EA 294
4. Breaka s /o Afiya vs. R [1963] EA 363
5. Fune vs. Ug [1967] EA 632
-6. Mpanda v s . R [1963] EA 294
7. Seleeho and another vs. R (1951) 18 EACA 171
8. R vs. Kagere s /o Langabe & Another ( 1951) 18EACA 193
9. Amirali lmail vs. R (1958) ITLR (R) 370
10. Wade vs. R (1953) 20 EACA 138
11. Kawooya vs. R( 1953) 20 EACA 280
12" Uganda v Patrick B a t u l i b u b i [1977] HC B 291
13. Kasto Budebo v Uganda S.C.C.A No. 22 of 1993 Murder- Both prosecution and defence versions
appeared equally logical- On the facts, case reduced to a less cognate offence.
14. Adam O w o n d a V Uganda S . C . C . A N o . 8 of 1994 Accused acquitted of aggravated robbery and
sentenced to simple robbery.
15. Mawanda V Uganda ( 2000) 2 EA 444 (SCU) Appellant convicted of and sentenced for aggravated
robbery- On appeal appellant advocate conceding to simple robbery- whether such concession an unequivocal
admission of guilt.

16. Henry Kayondo V Uganda (1995) Ill KALR 118 Alternative charges s.
86(b)(I)/- Whether an alternative charge must be minor and cognate
17. Avutia V Uganda (1995) IV KALR 115 Whether criminal trespass was minor and cognate to theft.
180 Teopista Tusingwire & Anor V Uganda (1996) VI KALR 75 Whether doing an act intended to cause
grievous harm was minor and cognateto attempted murder.
19. Wini Geyonga Rusheyegera V Uganda (1992) IV KALR Whether the accused can be
convicted of a minor and cognate offence where the prosecution fails to prove all the ingredients of the
offence charged.

J SENTENCING
Odoki Ch.26
Ayume - Chapter 1 4
MCA Sections 162, 164, 165, 172, 173, 175, 186 and 192. TIA Sections 9 6 , 9 8 ,
9 9 , 102, 103, 105, 116, 121, 122
Judges' Role in sentencing EACA 3 1

Various aspects of imprisonment system 2 EALJ 18

Law in one party State by Gorge (2) Prisons in Africa; Africa concord 1987

No.155 2ih May. What is wrong with Prisons: Special Report Sundary

Stuward May, 2ih, 1990 pg.15.

Bamugemereire J (2012) Sentencing A paper presented to Third Year

Students of the Bachelor o f Laws Program (LL B ) at Makerere University.

CASES
1. Ug vs. Ali Naman Kakooba & Anor. [1976]HCB 262
2. Ug. vs. Kawesa [1979] HCB 171
3. Ug. vs. Okwang (1992-1993) HCB 62
4. Ug vs. Tukei [1974] HCB 127
5. Ug vs. Kiyimei [1986] HCB 6
6. Ug vs. Akaku (1992-93) HCB 49
7. Ug vs. Faibi Alum H.C.C Session Case No.14/96
8. Ug vs. Omara (1992-93) HCB 77
9. Waswero and 2 others vs. Ug (1988-90) HCB 25
10. Ug vs. Katusabe (1988-90) HCB 59
11. Mohammed Yasin Sekayolo vs. Ug (1992) V KALR 0 7
12. Ug vs. Kankiriho James & Bateta Annet
13 Amos Binuge & Others v Uganda (1992-93) HCB 29
14 Uganda v Godfrey Kilama (1992-93) HCB 50
15 Uganda v RA 67828 CPL Lenox Omara (1992-93) HCB 77
16 Uganda v J. Kawesa & Another [1984] HCB 13
17 Uganda v Beneto Adrabo [1984] HCB 28
18 Criminal Revision No. 47of1980 [1981] HCB 6
19 Uganda v Bambeijo & Another [1981] HCB 4 (Manyindo, J Per Curiam)
20 Uganda v Ochola & 2 Others [1981] HCB 8
21. Uganda v Solomon Adoba & Another [1974] HCB 229
22. Amratlal v Uganda [1970] EA 401
24. Uganda v Fred Oyuku, Criminal Revision No. 16of1992
25. Uganda v Kamahanga, Criminal Revisional Order No. 2
26. Mukombe Moses V R S.C.C.A No. 12 OF 1995 Prayer for enhancement of sentence- Whether that is
possible in view that no cross appeal lies before court
27. Sula Kasiira V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 20 of 1993 Whether sentence manifestly harsh and excessive
28. Bimbi Peter V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 33 of 1994 Sentence harsh but justified in circumstances.
29. Adam Owonda V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 8 of 1994 Simple robbery• Given 8.5 yrs custodial sentence, 6 strokes of
the cane and unspecified period of police supervision- whether sentence manifestly excessive• whether compensation
necessary whereupon all stolen property were recovered by the police and returned to the complainant.
30. Mutundi Richard V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 17 of 2004 Appeal against sentence
3L Uganda V Nabakoza Jackline & 90rs H.C .Ctim Rev. No. 8/2004 Custodial and maximum sentence
32. Barasa Samuel V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal appeal No. 294/2004 Sentence
33. Nyekikyire Moses V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 87/2003 Sentence
34. Wabuluku Johnson V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 158/2003 Sentence
35. Kemboi V R (2001) 1 EA 83 (CAK) Reduction of sentence- Whether court can reconsider sentence of accused
found guilty of some offence other than that charged
36. Mawanda V Uganda (2000) 2 EA 444 (SCU) Appellant convicted of and sentenced for lesser offence -
whether conviction and sentence sustainable
37. Kizito V Uganda (2000) 2 EA 424 (SCU) Principles to consider in sentencing- Account to be taken of
time spent in lawful custody in imposing term of imprisonment-Whether failure to repent could be treated as
aggravating factor in sentencing
38. Nfutimukiza V Uganda (1999) 1 EA 220(CAU) Severity of sentence• Exercise of court discretion in
determining sentence-Factors to be considered before interfering with trial court discretion- Whether sentence was
manifestly excessive
39. Sande Martin V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 278 of 2008 Sentence
40. Abot Richard V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 190/2004 Sentence
41. Agabo Job V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 230/2003 Mitigating factors in sentence.
42. Yunus Wanaba V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 156/2001 Sentence
43. Uganda V Kennedy Ovuru (1995) V KALR 11 Defilement 6yrs for first offender --·Whether excessive
44" Uganda V Kankiruho James & Anor (1996) 1 KALR 70 Theft of cattle c/s 255PC- Whether sentence of 18
month proper when no reasons
are given for the sentence
45. Eza Sebufu V Uganda ( 1995) V KALR 40 Embezzlement-Whether sentence o f 12 month i l l e ga l
46. Livingstone Kakooza V Uganda (1994) V KALR 54 -Principles of law in sentencing - Whether lack
of remorse after conviction was a proper principle to take into account while sentencing. -Whether sentence of
20yrs imprisonment was life imprisonment- Whether a life sentence was excessive for a first offender
convicted of manslaughter.
47. Somali Bamutiire & 2 Ors V Uganda(1994} VI KALR 164 -Period of remand- Whether this includes
period of detention in military and or police custody in reckoning the period of sentence of imprisonment to
be given.
48. Ziwa Mohammed V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 217 of 2003. -Period spent on
remand
49. Nyasio Bumali V Uganda Court of Appeal criminal Appeal No. 197 of
2003-Sentence
50. Luggya Lawrence V Uganda Court of Appeal Criminal Appeal No. 325
Of 2003- Appeal against sentence
51. Guloba Muzarniru V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 6/2004 SentP.nr.P. Should be·
Ascertainable and final
52. Sebule V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 22/2004 -Taking into account t h e period which the accused has
spent on remand

Factors to be considered in Sentencing

Prisoner’s Antecedents - meaning o f :

1. Anyuma s /o Omolo and another v s . R (1953) 20 EACA 218
2. R vs. John Mselamma [1967] HCB 145
3. Rashid s /o, Abdallah v s . R [1969] HCB 70.
4. Ug. vs. Mutebi Settumba (1986) HCB 13.
5. Nasamairei Nsubuga vs. R (1950) 17 EACA 130

For every count on which conviction is had there must be separate sentence
Omnibus sentences are unlawful;

1. Mohamed Warsama vs. R (1956) 23 EACA

2. Uganda v Pampilio Edebu [1979] HCB 209
3. Uganda v Rubarema (1972) II ULR 35 After conviction, the Judge or Magistrate has discretion to accept
whatever information he thinks fit Such information need not be given unless the accused challenges its accuracy
4. Ruto Arap Lillygoi vs. R (1955) 22 EACA 541. Previous Convictions
Only relevant where they preceded the date or commission of the offence in question.

Ayume: pp.155-157
1. R vs. Musi s/o Usawale [1962] EA 499
2. Effect of L Sajile Salemu vs. Republic [1964] EA 341
3. Uganda vs. Edward Mutyaba [1971] 1 ULR 45
4. Ali Kiggundu v Uganda, Criminal Appeal No. 283 of 1973
5. Sebulini Zongoza v Uganda, Criminal Appeal No. 314 of 1969

Aggravating or Extenuating Circumstances

1. Santok Singh vs. R (1948) 15 EACA 97.
2. Hopley vs. R (1949) 16 EACA 110
3. Baigunamu vs. Uganda (1972) 2 ULR 1
4. Uganda v Otim s/o Engodu [1980] HCB 2
5. Nkera v Uganda [1984] HCB 3

The Prevalence of the Crime - With which the accused is convicted may be a factor in assessing the sentence to be
imposed so long as it does not result in a vonvicted man being made the scapte goat of other people who has
committed similar crimes but have not been caught and convicted.

Taking other offences into account:

MCA: Section 1 3 3 (2) TIA S. 98(b)
R vs Gulamhussein [1959] EA 743

Preventive Detention
Habitual Criminals (Preventive Detention) Act (cap.118) MCA: Section 163
Practice Note - Lord Parker CJ - Published in (1962) All E.R 672.
1. Stefano Ochaya vs. Uganda - High Court Cr. App. No398 of 1964.
2. Francis Othieno vs. Uganda - High Court Cr. App. 236 of 1970/ M.B.113/70
3. Jovamu vs. Uq.
4. R vs Mclean (1911) 1 KB 332
5. R vs Webb ( 1953) 1 ALL ER 1156
6. Mahuku v Uganda [ 1970] H C B 495
7. Ojok v Uganda [ 1970] EA 575
Imprisonment

1. Uganda v Kunobwa Deo, Criminal Revisional Order No . 6 of 1991

2. Shabani Mugabi V Uganda (1995) Ill KALR 87 Theft C/S 252PCA-Whether a sentence of 12month
imprisonment for a person who has pleaded guilty is excessive.
3. Uganda V Kilama Kennedy (1995) Ill KALR 82 Stealing from a person C/S
252 & 256(a) PCA-Whether 19 month imprisonment was harsh.
4. Deo Bakyenga V Uganda 1995) Ill KALR 77 Causing financial loss C/S
258PCA-Whether sentence of 20 month was illegal
5; Leonard Muyingo V Uganda (1995) II KALR 63 Issuing a bouncing cheques C/S 364(i)(b) PCA-
Whether sentence of 6yrs imprisonment was harsh and excessive
6. Uganda V Omach Richard ( 1995) 11 KALR 133 Being carried in a dangerous position C/S
133(1) & 138 Traffic and Road Safety Act-Whether the default of 30 days was lawful
7. Mukasa Deogratius V Uganda (1995) II KALR 52 14yrs imprisonment for defilement-Whether excessive
8. Leo Byaruhanga V Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 7 Defilement C/S 123 PCA• Whether sentence of 10yrs
imprisonment excessive.
9. Gwasa Daniel Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 17 Defilement C/S 123PCA-· Whether sentence of 16yrs
imprisonment excessive where the appellant was convicted on his own plea of guilty.
10. Bwimbi Peter V Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 34 Defilement C/S 123PCA• Whether sentence of 15yrs
imprisonment plus 10 strokes of the cane was excessive
11. Mohammed Kasoma V Uganda ( 1995) 1 KALR 37 Defilement C/S
123PCA --Whether sentence 9.5yrs excessive
12. Sam Buteera V Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 43 Whether sentence of 12yrs imprisonment plus 12 strokes
excessive was rightly passed
13. John Baptist K i b u k a V Uganda (1995) 1 KALR 1 6 2 -Defilement C /S 123
PCA - Whether sentence of 25yrs imprisonment with 6 strokes of the cane plus police supervision for 5yrs
upon completion of sentence was
excessive.
14. Stephen Baturnbia V Uganda (1995) VI KALR 49 Attempted theft C/S 370
& 25 PCA-Whether sentence of 12month imprisonment harsh
15. Eriya Ngambeki V Uganda (1995) VI KALR 84-Causing grievous harm C/S
212 PCA-Obstructing police officer in due execution of his duties C/S 106
PCA - Appellant 65yrs old -Whether 2yrs sentence excessive and harsh.
16. Moses Ganya V Uganda (1995) IV KALR 65 Procuring a document by false pretencesC/S 332PCA-Whether
a sentence of 12month imprisonment excessively harsh for an accused of advanced age

Consecutive& Concurrent
Ayume pg.161-162.
1. Godfrey Peter Jeils vs. R [1971] HCB 468
2. Robert s/o Nyangan vs. R [1967] HCB 20
3. Kisherilel Dhamirani Agganwa R [1968] HCB 281
4. R vs Oyunya [1970] EA 78
5. Muinin vs R [1973] HCB 86
6. Shikowaya vs R [1970] HCB 399
7. Uganda v C. Aguti w/o Olipa & Another! Criminal Revision No. 91 of 1991
8. Kagube Mohammed V Uganda (1995) VI KALR 1 Theft of cattle C/S 255
PCA- Main and alternative counts-Whether the omnibus sentence on both the main and alternative count
illegal

K FINES
MCA: Section 192(2), 199 and 197
Ayume: Ch14 pg. 166-168
TIA: Sections 110 and 128

The English Sentencing System by Rupert Cross

1. R vs. Lewis [1965] Cr. L.R 21
2. Kango vs. R (1947) 22 (2) KLR 49
4. Seth vs R [1962] EA 523
5. R vs Retilale Lakhani [1958] EA 140
7. Uganda v Batulumayo Kawesa [1979] HCB 171
8. Uganda v Rumanyika, Criminal Revision No. 4 of 1993
9. Uganda v Abdu Sendawula, Criminal Revision Order No . 3 of 1993
10. Tom bwete V Uganda (1995) V KALR 1 Uttering a false document C/S330PCA-Whether the
sentence of a fine was illegal because not provided for under the section
11. Yakubu Nabala V Uganda (1995) II KALR 124 Sentencing to imprisonment and fine in default- Whether
sentence proper -Accessory after the fact C/S
378 PCA- Whether 6 month excessive
12. Uganda V Obi ta Christopher ( 1995) VI KALR 11 -Whether a trial magistrate may sentence the accused
to a fine beyond the one prescribed• Alternative charges- Whether a convict may be sentenced to either pa
fine or to imprisonment

L ORDERS RELATED TO SENTENCING

Costs
Ayume: Ch.15

MCA: Section 195, 198

TIA: Section 125, 127

1. Uganda vs. Kezironi Bushaija [1973] ULR 40
2. Uganda vs. Mathorny Celestine Rumanyika, Crim, Rev. No. 676 of1971.
3. Uganda vs. Bernard Ketararna Katarikawe Crim. App. No. 676 of 1970 (unreported).
4. Municipal Council of Dar-es-Salaam vs. Almeida and others [1975] EA244; 2 TLR 53. Compensation
Ayume pp.178 - 183
MCA: Section 196, 197 & 198
TIA: Section 126 & 128
Penal Code: Sections 123, 154, 259 & 273.

1. Uganda vs. Silvano Okanytho, Crim. Rev. 239 of 1975 (unreported)

2. Harning & Others vs. Republic [1972] EA 133
3. Uganda vs. lsaya Wabwire Crim. Rev. No.558 of 1970 (unreported)
4. R vs. Dunn [1965] EA 56
5. Uganda vs John Olwenyi ( 1971) 2 ULR 3
6" Elia Tabu v Uganda, Criminal Revisional Order No. 13of1991
7 John Mayengo V Uganda (1995) V KALR 131 Sentence 7yrs imprisonment for 7yrs imprisonment for an
offence of grievous harm- whether sentence excessive-Order of Compensation-indigent appellant- whether order
unreasonable
9. Kasssim Mpanga V Uganda (1995) IV KALR 1 -Blanket order of compensation- Whether order of
compensation illegal because not specified in respect of which count order made
10. John Mayengo V Uganda (1995) IV KALR 165 Whether sentence to pay compensation unreasonable
because appellant indigent
11. Suia Kasiira V Uganda (1994) V KALR 115-Compensation robbery U/S
273(3) PCA-Whether order of compensation properly imposed where trial court ordered convict to pay money value
of stolen items. -Police supervision U/S 123TIA-Whether order properly imposed-Simple robbery C/S272 &273 (1)
(b) PCA-10yrs imprisonment whether excessive.
Restitution
Odoki: ch.29 pg.168-169
Ayume: pg. H33-·i85
MCA: Section 202
TIO: Section 131

Reconciliation
Ayume: pg.185-188
MCA: Section 160
1. R vs. Olworo Benjamin Crim. Rev. No.661 of 1976 (unreported)
2. R vs. Saide Ibrahim [1960] EA 1058
3. Uganda vs. Zadoki Olowo Crim. Rev. No.745of1969 (unreported)
4" Ug. Vs. Kapere [1978] HCB 10
5. Uganda V Swaibu Mukidadi & Anor (1995) II KALR 135 Demanding money with menaces C/S 279PCA-
Whether offence not amenable to reconciliation UIS 156 MCA

Forfeiture
Ayume: pg.188 - Odoki: ch.9, pg. 173
MCA: Section 202
TIA: Section 13i
1. Michola K.. Musoke vs Uganda Crim. Rev. No.216 of 1967
2. Shadrack Kibai vs. R (1954) 21 EACA 604
3. Charles Eweku V Uganda S.C.C.A No.13/90-Wliether an order of forfeiture could be validly made
where the appellant has been acquitted of theft
Bindinq over Order
MCA: Sections 202 & 203
TIA: Sections 119 & 121
1. Joseph Nsubuga vs. Uganda M.B. 133/67; Misc. Crim. App. No. 147-149
Of 1976 (unreported)

Probation
Children Act cap 59
Probation Act (Cap.122) Ayume: pp. ·168-204
Odoki: ch.9, pg.173
1. Uganda vs. Debu s/o Albino Andura Crim. Rev. No.275 of 1971 (unreported) .
2.. Uganda vs. Henry Kayondo [1975] EA 269
3. R. vs. Patrick Matata (1967) HCB 413
4. Amarali Rashidi Raswani vs. R (1967) HCB 205
5. Reventinate Tomimati Magisto vs. R (1968) HCB 154
6. R vs. Hasham [1971] EA 348
7. RV Bukuku (1995-1998) 1 EA 286 What to consider in imposing sentence on juvenile
offenders.

Conditional Discharge
MCA: S.202 and TIA S. 118
1. R vs. Alli s/o Saidi (1967) HCB 364
2. R vs. John Charles Haule (1969) HCB 210

M APPEALS AND REVISION

Appellate Jurisdiction of Courts in Uganda Resistance Committee (Judicial Powers)

Statute 1988. MCA Section 204
The Constitution of 1995, Article 130-145

Trial on Indictment Act S.132

CASES
1. SGT. Kalemera Frank V R S.C.C.A No.18/1994 Sentenced by the general cart martial -Original appeal
to the court of Appeal dismissed• Whether appeal lies properly before the supreme court -What constitutional
provisions are applicable to the appeal
2. Kassim Mpanga V Uganda S.C.C.A. No. 30/1994-Ground of appeal raised new issue not canvassed in first
appeal
3. Shaban Birumbi & Anor V Uganda S.C.C.A No.32/1989-Notice given to review own court decision.
4. Ndungu V R (2003) 1 EA 197 (CAK) Whether appeal arising from conviction for capital offences may
be summarily rejected-Whether high court has jurisdiction to reject appeal which raises points of law
5. Omiat V Uganda (2003) 1 EA 226 (SCU) Record of appeal-Omission ofpart of proceedings-Whether such
omission proper or leads to failure of justice
6. Elirema & Anor V R (2003) 1 EA 50 (CAK) Points raised for the first
time on appeal-Whether court can validily deal with points
7. Kerekona V Uganda (2000) 1 EA 105 {SCU) Lower court making a fundamental mistake in conduct
of proceedings-whether fundamental defect precluding appellate court from deciding on appeal relying on
the lower court proceedings other than to order a retrial or grant an acquittal
8. Semande V Uganda (1999) 1 EA 321 (SCU) Death of appellant• Whether appeal should be
struck out
9" RV Kenya Post AND Telecommunications (1999) 1 EA 250 Record of appeal-Order extracted with
defects- Whether mistakes curable• Whether appeal incurably incompetent
10. Mkurya V R (1995-1998) 1 EA 194 (CAT) Second appeal- When does it lie- Whether court can test
sufficiency of evidence if established that there was some evidence to support a finding of fact
11. Kamori Johnson V Uganda (1995) V KALR 57 Fresh evidence o n
Appeal- w h e t h e r admissible
12. Shaban Mugabi V Uganda (1995) Ill KALR 87 Whether where a person pleads guilty he is precluded
from appealing against conviction
13. Uganda V Kilama Kennedy (1995) Ill KALR 83 Failure to record offence subject of conviction
C/S 133 (3) MCA- Whether this mistake was a subject of revision order
14. Steven Mugume & Fred Mutumba V Uganda (1995) II KALR 8 Appeal
on acquittal and appeal by the appellant on conviction- Procedure to be followed- Whether both appeals may be
consolidated or whether each appeal should stand separately
15. Yakubu Nabala V Uganda (1995) II KALR 124 Plea of guilty- Appeal against conviction s. 216 (3) MCA-
Whether appeal tenable
16. Kassim Mpanga V Uganda ( 1995) IV KALR 1 Whether second appellate court may entertain ground of
appeal that was not raised in the first appellate court
17. Karim Bagenda & Ors V Uganda ( 1994) V KALR 43 Whether court has jurisdiction to entertain appeal when
there has been no conviction in
the trial court.

RIGHT OF APPEAL

"Appeal is the creation of statute. Even the state has no right of appeal unless such right is clearly given."

1. Republic vs. Dunn [1965] EA 567

2. Uganda v Hon. P .K. Semogerere & 2 Others [1985] HCB 4
3. Uganda vs. lnansio Lule. (1975] EA 362: (1973) 1 ULR 8.
4. Uganda v Thomas Baguma, Criminal Revision No. 371 of 1969
5. Francis Mbazira v Uganda, Criminal Revision No.42 of 1992
6. Charles Harry Twagira V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 27 of 2003 Whether right of appeal lies against an
interlocutory order of a magistrate court From Magistrates' Courts - S. 204 MCA

1. From Grades II and Ill to CM's Court on a matter of law as well as of fact - by ANY PERSON Convicted.
But where convicted on a plea of guilty appeal lies only against sentence.

2. From CM's court and that of Grade 1 to the High Court - on a matter of fact as well as of law - by any
person convicted .

3. But i) where convicted on plea of guilty appeal lies only against sentence.
4. Even then no appeal against sentence if the sentence it is one of the month's imprisonment or a FINE not
exceeding shs.100/-
5. Where an accused has been acquitted.

6. May appeal or section an appeal on the grounds that it is erroneous in law

- S.216 (5) MCA. This means a complainant, however, aggrieved, cannot appeal on his own.

7. Also NOTE that the OPP has,

8. A right of appeal i n a case where costs have been awarded u n d e r section

207 MCA - See subsection (5).

9. If aggrieved by an order of compensation made under S.209 MCA has a

right of appeal - See sub-section (4)

10. U vs. AC. Rumanyika Crim. Rev. NC 773/71

From verdict of High Court of Appeal Section 131 of TIA

Where a person is convicted and sentenced to death or convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for more than
12 months; or convicted and fined more than shs.2,000/- an appeal lies against convicted on question of law or
fact or of mixed law and fact But as against sentence an appeal lies only with leave of the Court of Appeal,

Where a person is convicted and sentenced to 12 months or less; or convicted and sentenced to a fine exceeding
shs.200/- an appeal lies against conviction only with leave of the Court of Appeal or upon a certificate of the
trial that it is a fit case for appeal.

NOTE: That even if the sentence is a fine not exceeding shs.200 the Court of Appeal or the trial judge may
grant leave or certificate, as the case may be, if, in their own opinion the case involves a question of law of
great importance.

Until recently, the D P P and no right of appeal on acquittal. This means he could not appeal against the decision
of a High Court Judge acquitting an accused. But now by virtue of an amendment effected by Act No.5 of
1985

under section 133A of the TID, the DPP may appeal against such finding on the ground that the appeal
involves a point of law of public importance. But this does not deter an order of trial cause.
Appeal in case referred to a Chief Magistrate for sentence S.160 MCA. Remember that Magistrate Grade I , I I
and lll have power in appropriate case
to commit a person convicted by them to the appropriate Chief Magistrate for
Sentencing.
But the MCA, the CPC and T I D say nothing about the right of appeal of an accused whose case has
been committed to Chief Magistrate for sentencing.

Appeal against special finding of the High Court

Section 133, 48(1) TIA

A person in whose case a special finding i s made h a s a right of appeal t o the
Court of Appeal o n a question o f law and fact.

Court of Appeal shall allow the appeal if it thinks that the special finding should be set aside on the
following grounds:
If it is unreasonable or could not be supported having r e g a r d t o the evidence or that the decision is wrong
on a question i t has in fact caused a miscarriage
Of justice.

or on any other ground if the court is satisfied that there has been miscarriage of justice.

NOTICE that special funding means a finding that the accused is not guilty of an offence by reason of
insanity or that he is guilty of murder but with diminished responsibility subsection (5).

COMMENCEMENT

Appeal to commence by NOTICE in writing signed by the appellant or his advocate and shall be lodged with the
registrar within 14 days of delivery of judgment section 326(1) CPC.

Uganda v M.S. Sebagala [1984] HCB 8

Notice of appeal to state briefly the effect of the judgment or order appealed against and must contain:

Full and sufficient address at which relevant documents should be served on appellant or his advocate;

Should state the general grounds of appeal unless appellant first wishes to peruse judgment before
formulating the grounds subsection (2).
Where judgment required first, grounds must be lodged with registrar within 14 days of service of judgment
represented by counsel or appeal is by the OPP include particulars of the matters of law or of fact decided
upon by the lower court.
NOTE - A ground o f appeal t hat the judgment was a nullity against t h e weight of evidence i s not a
good ground o f appeal.
See:
1. Alesure v R (1956) AC 49
2. P. Osiya vs. R, High Court Cr. App. No.3 of 1985 (unreported)

Extension of time for appealing:

-~ 1 . For good cause shown period within which to appeal may be extended - subsection (6).

2. Application for extension - to be made to the registrar of the appellate court in writing supported by as
affidavit specifying grounds for the application S.326A (1) CPC.

3. "Good C ause ":

OPP vs. Haji Zedi Semogoya & Another Misc. Cr. App. No.172of 1973. Andrew Gitau Kimani v Uganda
(1992-93) HCB 1
- P. Nyehangane & Aether v Uganda f i 9771 HCB

Appeal may be ABANDONED by notice in writing to the registrar before hearing and on receipt of such
notice appeal will be deemed to have been dismissed by the appellant court - S.328 (A) (3).

DETERMINATION OF APPEAL Number of

Judges
Ayume: ch.16-21
On appeal to the High Court, it will be one or more judges and the CJ directs a decision by majority. If equally
divided appeal stands dismissed - S.335 CPC.

NB - Notice withstanding the amendment in the Criminal procedure Code (Amendment) Act - No.23/69
criminal appeals are still to be heard by one judge.
On appeal to Court of Appeal - Judicature Act 1996.
Court of appeal shall be duly constituted consists of an uneven number not being less than three, of Judges of the
Court." Decision of the court is by the majority opinion.

Powers of appellate court

Odoki: pg.184 -185 Ayume pg.213.
Mitoto S. Oketch v Uganda, C r i m i n a l A p p e a l N o . 2of 1995
Summary dismissal of appeal - S.329 CP
From Conviction - S.331 (1) & (2) CPC from Acquittals - S.331A
CPC
Any others - S.331 B CPC Procedure and Principles
Ayume: pg.214
A first appeal is by way of re-hearing Evidence to be subjected to a fresh and exhausting scrutiny and
appellate court to draw its own inference and conclusions - appellant entitled to this treatment of the
evidence.

1. Selle v Associated Motor Boat Co. [1968] EA 123, at pg.126.

2. Abbasi Ssali & Kasendwa V R. S.C.C.A No. 7/98 -Failure by the first appellate court to subject the
adduced evidence at trial to fresh scrutiny and evaluation.
3. Kifamunte Henry V Uganda S.C.C.A No.10/1997- First appellate court to subject the whole evidence
to fresh scrutiny and evaluation.
4. Onzima Y u n u s V Uganda S.C.C.A No. 35/1994-0verall evaluation of evidence allowed conviction to
stand
5. Omusa V Republc (2003) 1 EA 202 (CAK) Duty of the appellate court to analyse and re-evaluate
evidence-Failure to subject evidence to fresh scrutiny-Whether miscarriage of justice occasioned
6. Wavamuno V Uganda (2001) EA 608 (SCU) First appellate court- Duty to review and appraisal of
evidence adduced at trial- Whether court of appeal had conducted an adequate review of trial court
proceedings.
7. Mulewa and Another V Republic (2002) 2 EA 487 (CAK) Disappearance of trial court and police files
prior to hearing of appeal- Application to acquit appellant-Whether in circumstances acquittal would
serve interest of
justice.
8. Mukungu V R (2002) 2 EA 482 (CAK) Whether court on second appeal can entertain matters other than
law
9. Mwaniki V R (2001) 1 EA 158 (CAK) Duty of first appellate court-whether appellate judge sufficiently
reviewed evidence adduced at trial
10. Kisembo V Uganda (1999) 1 EA 158 (SCU) Duty of court of appeal on evidence- Supreme court-
Whether supreme court may re-evaluate evidence on appeal
11. Mudasi V Uganda ( 1999) 1 EA 193 (SCU) Duty of court of appeal in dealing with evidence on
appeal
12. Nyanzi V Uganda (1999) 1 EA 228 (SCU) Duty of the appellate court to evaluate the evidence
13. Dhalay V R (1995-1998) 1 EA 29 (CAK) Duty of first appellate court•
Appellate court obliged to reconsider evidence and draw its own conclusion thereon.

Note: Trial Court's findings as to CREDIBILITY based largely on the demeanor of a witness not to be
reversed unless trial court has drawn a wrong inference from facts.
Additional Evidence

Odoki: pg. 183

Ayume: pg.215
Appellate Court has power to receive additional evidence which i t :
Considers necessary for determination of the appeal.

NB: the power is discretionary.

Should be exercising to elucidate evidence already given or record

1. R vs. Yakobo 1 9 5 4 ) 1 2 EACA 20"

2. R vs. Sirasi (1936) 3 EACA 40.

Abdalla Nassur v UgandaTr9H2-93) HCB 4