CLC-TR 50126-2-2007

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Standard Recommendation
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
Railway applications - !e specification

and demonstration of Reliability,
Availability, Maintainability and Safety
(RAMS) -- Part 2: Guide to the
application of EN 50126-1 for safety
© NSAI 2007 No copying without NSAI permission except as permitted by copyright law.
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
Incorporating amendments/corrigenda issued since publication:
Published: !is document is based on: Published:

!is document21replaces:
March, 2007 CLC/TR 50126-2:2007 22 February, 2007
!is document was published ICS number:

under the authority of the NSAI and 45.020
comes into e"ect on:
21 March, 2007
NSAI T +353 1 807 3800 Sales: Price Code:

1 Swift Square, F +353 1 807 3838 T +353 1 857 6730 AC
Northwood, Santry E [email protected] F +353 1 857 6729
Dublin 9 W standards.ie
W NSAI.ie
Údarás um Chaighdeáin Náisiúnta na hÉireann
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!:!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
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!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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" @D2! ?=AB52=C2H! 6=E! ?=@246C@?;=H! 32@S22=! @D2! kH7H@2>! 5=E24! C;=H?E246@?;=l! 6=E! ?@H! 2=R?4;=>2=@! \?T2T! @D2!
k<642=@l!;4!kC;=@6?=?=N!H7H@2>l_T!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!We!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
15=C@?;=H!;A!6!H7H@2>!642!@D2!6C@?R?@?2H!<24A;4>2E!37!@D2!H7H@2>!6H!6!SD;B2T!15=C@?;=H!6=E!H@45C@542!<4;R?E2!
@D2!k?=@24=6Bl!R?2S!;A!@D2!H7H@2>!<4;<24@?2H!@D6@!<4;E5C2!@D2!2>24N2=@!<4;<24@?2H!6=E!642!@D2!C;=C24=!;A!@D2!
3;E7U2=@?@7! 42H<;=H?3B2! A;4! @D2! E2H?N=! ;A! @D2! H7H@2>T! "D2! 2=R?4;=>2=@! C;=H?H@H! ;A! 6=7@D?=N! @D6@! C;5BE!
?=AB52=C2[! ;4! 32! ?=AB52=C2E! 37[! @D2! H7H@2>T! "D?H! S?BB! ?=CB5E2! 6=7@D?=N! @;! SD?CD! @D2! H7H@2>! C;==2C@H!
>2CD6=?C6BB7[!2B2C@4?C6BB7!;4!37!;@D24!>26=H[!?=CB5E?=N!#^'[!@D24>6B[!2@CT!"D2!2=R?4;=>2=@!S?BB!6BH;!?=CB5E2!
<2;<B2!6=E!<4;C2E542H!@D6@!C6=!2AA2C@[!;4!32!6AA2C@2E!37[!@D2!;<246@?;=!;A!@D2!H7H@2>T!
.=E24H@6=E?=N! @D2! 3;5=E647! 32@S22=! @D2! H7H@2>! 5=E24! C;=H?E246@?;=! 6=E! ?@H! 2=R?4;=>2=@! 6=E! @D2!
?=@246C@?;=H! S?@D! ?@H! ?=@24P42B6@2E! H53PH7H@2>H! ?H! 6! <42P42I5?H?@2! @;! 5=E24H@6=E?=N! D;S! @D2! H7H@2>! >?ND@!
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6AA;4E63?B?@7!;A!@D2!46?B!@46=H<;4@!H7H@2>[!3;@D!?=!@24>H!;A!?@H!E2H?N=[!C;=H@45C@?;=!6=E!?><B2>2=@6@?;=!6=E!?=!
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H6A2@7!B2R2BH!S?@D?=!@D2!<42R6?B?=N!2=R?4;=>2=@!;4!H6A2@7!B2R2BH!@D6@!642!H;C?6BB7U<;B?@?C6BB7!@;B2463B2!S?@D?=!@D?H!
2=R?4;=>2=@T!(!46?BS67!H7H@2>!@D6@!?H!5=6AA;4E63B2!@;!@D2!5H24H!42E5C2H!H6A2@7!S?@D?=!@D2!H;C?6B!2=R?4;=>2=@[!
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2=E;4H2E!;4!42R?H2E!37!@D2!42B2R6=@!65@D;4?@7!S?@D!f54?HE?C@?;=T!
/?>?B64B7[!C;=H?E24?=N!6!D?2464CD?C6B!H7H@2>!H@45C@542[!SD2=!@D2!H7H@2>!5=E24!C;=H?E246@?;=!?H!6!H53H7H@2>!
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HD;5BE! H2@! ;4! H<2C?A7! @D2! H6A2@7! 42I5?42>2=@H! 6=E! @64N2@H! A;4! @;B2463B2! B2R2BH! ;A! 4?HM! A;4! @D2! H53H7H@2>T! '=!
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H7H@2>H!6=E!A;4!@D2!46@?;=6B?H6@?;=!;A!@D2!2AA;4@!?=R;BR2E!?=!A54@D24!6=6B7H?HY!
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H5CD! 6H! H6>2! C65H6@?;=! ;4! H6>2! C;=H2I52=C2T! "D2! 6?>! ;A! 6NN42N6@?=N! D6F64EH! ?=@;! H5CD! CB5H@24H! ?H! @;!
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?E2=@?A?C6@?;=! \?=?@?6BB7! 6@! @D2! @;<! H7H@2>! B2R2B[! ?T2T! @D2! 46?BS67! H7H@2>! B2R2B_! >67! 7?2BE! >6=7! D6F64EHT! "D2!
D6F64EH!642!@D2=!42R?2S2E!@;!42>;R2!42<2@?@?;=H!6=E!E2<2=E2=C?2H!6=E!@;! ?E2=@?A7!H7=24N?H@?C!D6F64EH!?T2T!
@D;H2! S?@D! 6! C;>>;=! C65H2! ;4! @6=N?3B2! 42B6@?;=HD?<[! SD?CD! 642! @D2=! 6NN42N6@2E! ?=@;! CB5H@24H! @;! A;4>!
CPD6F64EH!\H22!$B65H2!0T8!A;4!2Q6><B2H_T!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!89!P!
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H7H@2>!B2R2BT!"D2!@24>!HD;5BE!=;@!32!5H2E!?=!6=7!;@D24!H2=H2T!
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C;=@2Q@[!42A24H!@;!6=7!;A!@D2!A;BB;S?=NY!
" H53H7H@2>!?=@24A6C2H!6H!<64@!;A!H7H@2>!D?2464CD7!E54?=N!@D2!H7H@2>!E2R2B;<>2=@[!
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@D2?4!>6=6N2>2=@!CB264B7!E2A?=2E!6=E!5=E24H@;;E!37!@D2!<64@?2HU2=@?@?2H!?=R;BR2ET!
"D2!C;=C2<@!;A!k'=@24A6C2!%6F64El!?H!?><;4@6=@!6H!@D27!>67!=;@!32!2R?E2=@!37!2?@D24!H7H@2>!;=!?@H!;S=!35@!
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H7H@2>! 5=E24! C;=H?E246@?;=T! "D242A;42[! @D2! 2Q<42HH?;=! ;A! @D2! D6F64E! HD;5BE! @6M2! ?=@;! 6CC;5=@! 6BB! 6H<2C@H!
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%2=C2[! @D2! 6<<;4@?;=>2=@! ;A! H6A2@7! 42I5?42>2=@H! S?@D?=! 6! H7H@2>! ?H! 6! 42A?=2>2=@! <4;C2HHT! '@! >67! 42I5?42!
H2R246B!?@246@?;=H!@;!2=H542!@D6@!@D2!H6A2@7!42I5?42>2=@H!642!5=E24H@6=E63B2!37!@D2!C;=C24=2E!H@6M2D;BE24H!
\2TNT!@D2!E2R2B;<>2=@!@26>!42H<;=H?3B2!A;4!@D2!H53H7H@2>_T!
Cause (system level)

=> hazard (subsystem level) Hazards
(system level)
Subsystem A Accident K
Interface
Cause Hazard Accident L
Accident K trigger
Subsystem B
Subsystem System
Accident L trigger
boundary boundary
Causes Consequences
N5Y70-!*!`!S-B5.5/5@.!@B!A1W1089!=5/A!0-9?-4/!/@!1!9>9/[email protected]>!1.8!25V-2>!14458-./!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!8W!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
&,"#!!!$642! HD;5BE! 32! @6M2=! @;! 6R;?E! 6<<B7?=N! @D2! @24>! kD6F64El! E;S=! @;! 6! H7H@2>! B2R2BUC;><;=2=@[! \C426@?=N! H2R246B! B6724H! ;A!
D6F64EH! 6=E! "%*H_[! @;! H5CD! 6=! 2Q@2=@! @D6@! 2R2=@56BB7[! A;4! 2Q6><B2[! 6! 34;M2=! 42H?H@;4! 32C;>2H! 6! D6F64ET! "D?H! HD;5BE! 32! 6R;?E2E! 37!
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TPTP*! &59V!
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1?N542!h! HD;SH! 6! E?6N46>>6@?C! 42<42H2=@6@?;=! ;A! @D2! 63;R2! A6C@;4H! 6=E! 6CC?E2=@! 2HC6B6@?;=! HC2=64?;HT! '@!
HD;5BE!32!=;@2E!@D6@!H6A2@7!3644?24H!;4!<4;@2C@?;=!>26H542H!>?ND@!32!?=@4;E5C2E!6@!@D2!B2R2B!;A!@D2!D6F64E!;4!
6@!@D2!B2R2B!;A!@D2!@4?NN24?=N!2R2=@!;4!@D2!6CC?E2=@!@;!>?@?N6@2!4?HMT!'=!H5CD!C6H2H[!?=!6EE?@?;=!@;!@D2!;CC5442=C2!
;A!6=!2R2=@[!6!3426CD!;A!@D2!H6A2@7!3644?24!S;5BE!6BH;!=22E!@;!;CC54!A;4!@D2!H2I52=C2!@;!<4;N42HHT!
Cause Hazard
Persons exposed to each of the
time being n1t1; n2t2 and n3t3

accidents and their exposure
Triggering & Accident A1

event
respectively
More severe
Other events or & accident A1
circumstances
Other events or
& Accident A2
different
circumstances
N5Y70-!:!`!3-X7-.4-!@[email protected]!@B!14458-./;!A1W108!1.8!4179-!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!88!P!
(BH;[! H;C?2@7! ?=! N2=246B! D6H! 6=! 6R24H?;=! @;! H?=NB2! 6CC?E2=@H! @D6@! B26E! @;! C6@6H@4;<D?C! >5B@?<B2! A6@6B?@7!
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2><B;722H! ;4! ;@D24! >2>324H! ;A! @D2! <53B?CT! iD6@! C;=H@?@5@2H! 6! A6@6B?@7[! 6! >6f;4! ?=f547! ;4! 6! >?=;4! ?=f547! ?H!
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TPTP:! &[email protected]!
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/*(T!1;4!2Q6><B2!6!H?=NB2!A?N542!>67!32!36H2E!;=!@426@?=NY!
W!#I5?R6B2=@!A6@6B?@7!q!W!A6@6B?@7!q!W9!>6f;4!?=f54?2H!q!W99!>?=;4!?=f54?2HT!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!8h!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
'! K-.-054!059V!C@8-2!B@0!1!/>?5412!0152=1>!9>9/-C!1.8!4A-4V!259/!@B!4@CC@.!
B7.4/[email protected]!A1W1089!
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$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!8Z!P!
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! P!8V!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
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Hazard
Hazards from overall system/environment, incl. Interface Identification
hazards
Sort, eliminate dependencies, and define credible ”c-hazards
Hazard Log
Analyse consequences and

Assess/evaluate risks for tolerability
requirements incl. maintenance and
Safety Requirements, Functional
Creation of hazard mitigations by inserting appropriate measures,

qualitative and quantitative
e.g. safety-related functions or safety barriers (physical, technical

operational requirements
or procedural)
Realisation of safety-related functions into sub-systems, system

elements, processes or procedures
To Figure 5
N5Y70-!T!`!&59V!199-99C-./!B2@=!4A10/!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!8X!P!
Hazards, THRs and safety functions from the overall system/environment (“c-hazards”, see From Figure 4
Figure 4)
Hazards from sub-system, product, process or procedures, incl. Hazard

interface, maintenance and operation hazards Identification
Sort, eliminate dependencies and define credible hazards
Hazard Log
No Is the hazard Yes
related to a
“c-hazard”?
Control the impact in order to satisfy the tolerability
Update Safety
Requirements
Assess/evaluate hazards for tolerability. criteria from the “hazard grouping” (this could mean
Reference back to Figure 4 reallocation of safety targets at lower levels)
Modify or realise safety-related functions into system

elements/processes and procedures to satisfy the
requirements
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!8e!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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" ?@!?H!42B6@?R2B7!H?><B2[!6=E!
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" @D2!6HH5><@?;=H!42I5?42!@D;4;5ND!E;C5>2=@6@?;=[!6=E!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!hW!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
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/?=C2! =;! H5CD! #54;<26=! ;4! '=@24=6@?;=6B! C;=H2=H5H! 2Q?H@H! ?=! @D2! 46?BS67! H2C@;4[! @D?H! 42<;4@! ?H! 5=63B2! @;!
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" 6HH?H@H!S?@D!?=@2N46@?;=!;A!6BB!4?HM!C;=@4?35@?;=H!@;S64EH!6!@;@6B!<4;A?B2[!
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" /2C;=E647!2AA2C@H!64?H?=N!A4;>!6=!?=C?E2=@!642!B?M2B7!@;!32!E?AA?C5B@!@;!42B?63B7!E2@24>?=2!\A;4!2Q6><B2!A?42H[!
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6HH2HH>2=@T!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!h8!P!
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6=E[!E52!@;!B6CM!;A!E6@6[!5H2!f5EN>2=@H!SD2=!I56=@?A7?=N!D6F64E!A42I52=C?2H!6=E!<4;363?B?@?2H!6=E!6CC?E2=@!
C;=H2I52=C2HT!"D2!42H5B@H!;A!@D2!;R246BB!4?HM!6=E!@;B2463?B?@7!6HH2HH>2=@!>67!@D242A;42!32!R247!E2<2=E2=@!
;=!@D2!S67!?=!SD?CD!@D2!6HH5><@?;=H!6=E!f5EN>2=@H!642!>6E2!6=E!?@!?H!@D242A;42!=2C2HH647!@;!32!6S642!;A!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!hh!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!hj!P!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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Accident level
*?HM
(HH2HH>2=@ Containment
Hazard, THR System Hazard level

Hazard Control
Functional level, H6A2@7!?=@2N4?@7[

H6A2@7!42I5?42>2=@H[!45B2H[!2@CT ........
Constituent level, H6A2@7!

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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!Z9!P!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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?><B7! 6! 42H<;=H?3?B?@7! \42N64E?=N! @D2! 6HH2HH>2=@! ;A! @D2! @;B2463?B?@7! ;A! 6! D6F64E_! @D6@! 42H@H! S?@D! @D2! *(T!
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(=7!A5=C@?;=6B!;4!@2CD=?C6B!42I5?42>2=@H!;=!H7H@2>HU2I5?<>2=@[!6@!B;S24!H7H@2>!B2R2BH[!@D6@!642!=2C2HH647!
@;!42E5C2!4?HM!@;!6!@;B2463B2!B2R2B!;4!;@D24!I56B?@6@?R2!H6A2@7!42I5?42>2=@H!H5CD!6H!C;=A;4>6=C2!@;!H@6=E64EH!
HD;5BE!32!?=C;4<;46@2E!6H!I56B?@6@?R2!H6A2@7!42I5?42>2=@H!A;4!@D2!42B2R6=@!H7H@2>U2I5?<>2=@!\6BH;!H22!:TW!A;4!
H6A2@7!E2>;=H@46@?;=_T!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
!
%1D2-!T!`!3/074/70-8!1??0@14A!/@!122@41/5@.!@B!3O!H0-B-0!/@!+PTP*P*I!
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42I5?42>2=@H!!
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!
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6R6?B63B2_! These tasks can be efficiently dealt with through hazard identification
/7H@2>!H<2C?A?C6@?;=! sessions with the participation of the different stakeholders (installation
teams, operators, maintainers, etc.). Dedicated hazard analyses may be
performed in addition to further refine the understanding of hazards.!
h! "@.9-X7-.4-!E.12>959! )?H@!;A!H7H@2>!D6F64EH! (=6B7H2!@D2!<;HH?3B2!C;=H2I52=C2H!;A!26CD!D6F64E[!6H!?E2=@?A?2E!?=!H@6N2!W! $65H2!$;=H2I52=C2!>;E2B[!?=CB5E?=N!I56=@?A?2E!
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This analysis is useful to take into account the impact of a new or modified
system on the pre-existing railway. It may be based on qualitative or
quantitative analysis depending on the complexity and perceived risk.!
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;<246@?;=6B!42I5?42>2=@HT! H7H@2>!A6?B542!@;!>22@!26CD!42I5?42>2=@!\E24?R2E!
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;<246@?;=6B!;4?N?=_[!SD?CD!>67!=;@!D6R2!322=!
2Q<42HH2E!6H!A5=C@?;=6B!42I5?42>2=@HT!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
!
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
%1D2-!T!`!3/074/70-8!1??0@14A!/@!122@41/5@.!@B!3O!H0-B-0!/@!+PTP*P*I!(continued)!
3/1Y-! O.?7/! E4/5F5/>! f7/?7/!

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e! 3O! )?H@!;A!D6F64EH!6@!H53H7H@2>! .H?=N!6!E2A?=?@?;=!;A!/')H!\2TNT!@D2!/')!@63B2_[!7;5!C6=!6BB;C6@2!6!/')[!SD242! )?H@!;A!H53H7H@2>!A5=C@?;=6B!H6A2@7!42I5?42>2=@H!
&-X750-C-./9! 3;5=E647!6=E!6HH;C?6@2E!"%*! 6<<4;<4?6@2[!@;!26CD!A5=C@?;=6B!H6A2@7!42I5?42>2=@T! S?@D!@D2?4!6HH;C?6@2E!/')!
"1/-Y@0591/5@.! "D2!42H5B@H!;A!@D2!<42R?;5H!H@6N2!C;=@6?=!@D2!?=A;4>6@?;=!CD646C@24?H?=N!@D2! The results of steps 3 (Consequence Analysis), 5
3O!;A!@D2!H53H7H@2>T! (risk tolerability assessment) and 7 (causal
%;S2R24[!?@!?H!N2=246BB7!R6B563B2!@;!H?><B?A7!@D?H!?=A;4>6@?;=!37!5H?=N! analysis) should remain available, as they contain
C;=R2=@?;=6B!C6@2N;4?2H!;A!?=@2N4?@7!@D6@!S?BB!32!42B6@2E!@;!6<<4;<4?6@2!H2@H!;A! all the base information for thoroughly
@2CD=?I52H!6=E!>2@D;EH!@;!426CD!H5CD!?=@2N4?@7T!"D?H!?H!@D2!<54<;H2!;A!/')HT! understanding the safety of the system in the
subsequent lifecycle phases (e.g. assessment of
changes, identification and monitoring of the key
critical factors during the operational life). Best
practise should ensure they are adequately
recorded in a Hazard Log.
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
!
%1D2-!T!`!3/074/70-8!1??0@14A!/@!122@41/5@.!@B!3O!H0-B-0!/@!+PTP*P*I!(continued)!
!
3/1Y-! O.?7/! E4/5F5/>! f7/?7/!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!Z:!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!Zj!P!
-56=@?@6@?R2!64N5>2=@[!SD242!
(&] -56B?@6@?R2!64N5>2=@!
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Are technical measures for the

Is the prediction of containment of hazardous random
random failure rate failures available from a relevant
practicable? standard?
&;! &;
o2H!
o2H!
Define your code of practice,
including technical measures
commensurate with the SIL
Predict the random failure rate
associated with a hazard and
demonstrate that it is less than the
specified THR Apply technical measures
commensurate with the SIL
Develop a qualitative
argument based on!the
technical measures
Argument on
random failure!
integrity
Monitor the safety performance of the system and

of similar systems developed to the same!
standard or code of practice
Improve the product and/or techniques where needed
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
!
!
%1D2-!U!`!E??0@14A-9!B@0!9>9/-C!91B-/>[email protected]/01/5@.!(continued)!

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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
!
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!

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!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!::!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
%1D2-!R!`!#59/!@B!LM!'()*R!42179-9!1.8!/A-50!1??2541D525/>!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!:j!P!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!eZ!P!
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%+X9:! .=H;5=EU.=H2C542E!/@45C@542H! %+9Z9Z! .=H;5=E!U!.=H2C542E!"422!
%+9Z9V! .=H;5=E!U!.=H2C542E!"5==2B!
%+9Z9X! .=H;5=E!U!.=H2C542E!.=E2434?EN2!U$5BR24@!
%+9Z9:! .=H;5=E!U!.=H2C542E!,R2434?EN2!!
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%+9Z9e! .=H;5=E!U!.=H2C542E!/?N=6BB?=N!/@45C@542!
%+9ZW9! .=H;5=E!U!.=H2C542E!#B2C@4?A?C6@?;=!/@45C@542!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!eX!P!
<P*P:! b",A1W1089c!,!i@0V-09!Y0@7?!
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D6F64EH!@;!S;4M24H[!SD?CD!32B;=N!@;!6!H<2C?A?C!kCPD6F64El!CB6HHT!
%1D2-!<P:!`!#59/!@B!0152=1>!=@0V-0!b4,A1W1089c!
b4,A1W108c! S-9405?/5@.! "@.9/5/7-./9!

&-B-0-.4-!
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<P:! LZ1C?2-!@B!B7.4/[email protected]!D19-8!A1W108!Y0@7?5.Y!
"D2!H7H@2>!B2R2B!D6F64EH!>67!32!42<42H2=@2E!A4;>!6!A5=C@?;=6B!6=E!E?HC?<B?=2!<24H<2C@?R2!6H!E2HC4?32E!?=!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!e:!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
%1D2-!<PT!`!3>9/-C!2-F-2!A1W108!259/!D19-8!@.!B7.4/[email protected]!1??0@14A!
O.B019/074/70-!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!ej!P!
%1D2-!<PT!`!3>9/-C!2-F-2!A1W108!259/!D19-8!@.!B7.4/[email protected]!1??0@14A!(continued)!
O.B019/074/70-!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!ee!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!WW9!P!
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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7: Yes/No
1: MMI train status
ETCS equipment
5: Decision process
2: Train occupies track 4: Driver requests permission to stable
section train
3: Vehicle
OM%L&#f"ÔMK
Infrastructure Interface Train Driver

6: Data flow
RBC
N5Y70-!LP*!`!LZ1C?2-!@B!C-991Y-!4@221D@01/5@.!851Y01C!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!WW8!P!
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k@45=Ml!\D6F64E_!@;!@D2!kB26Al!\2=E!H@6@2_T!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!WWh!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
9[8ZV! 9[8ZV
Safe Near
state Miss
9[8W 9[Wj 9[W8

9[V! 9[V Accid- Near Accid-
+ - ent Miss ent
Event
9[X 9[Z
9[: + -
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9[: + - 9[h
Event
%(c*]
N5Y70-!LP:!`!LZ1C?2-!@[email protected]!1.12>959!795.Y!-F-./!/0--!
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>6?=@2=6=C2! H<2C?A?C6@?;=H! 642! 6=! 2Q6><B2! ;A! ;<246@?;=6B! <4;C2HH2H! @D6@! C6=! 6C@! 6H! 6! C;>>;=! C65H2! ;A!
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2Q6><B2H! 642! <42C65@?;=H! 6N6?=H@! 5=65@D;4?H2E! 6CC2HH! @;! 46?BS67! A6C?B?@?2H[! ;4! 6@>;H<D24?C! 2AA2C@H! H5CD! 6H!
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@;!E26B!S?@D!6=!2B2>2=@!;A!;=2!@422!37!C;=H@45C@?=N!6=;@D24!H2<646@2!@422T!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!WWZ!P!
";<P2R2=@
D6F64E
);N?C6B!(&]
16?B542!(W 16?B542!(8
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'=!@D2!2Q6><B2!HD;S=!?=!1?N542!#TZ[!@D2!D6F64E!;CC54H!?A!(W!6=E!(8!A6?BT!"D2!H53H7H@2>!(W[!?=!@54=[!S?BB!A6?B!?A!
0W!;4!08!;4!0h!A6?BH!2@CT!'><;4@6=@!C;=CB5H?;=H!C6=!32!E46S=!2R2=!A4;>!I56B?@6@?R2!A6?B542!@422HT!1;4!2Q6><B2[!
?A!(8!A6?BH[!6=E!?A!0W!;4!08!;4!@D2!C;>3?=6@?;=!;A!$W!6=E!$8!A6?BH!@D2=!@D2!@;<!2R2=@!S?BB!;CC54T!iD6@2R24!@D2!
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42B6@2E!H7H@2>!@;!32!E2@24>?=2EY!
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37!@D2!H6A2@7P42B6@2E!H7H@2>[!6N6?=H@!6=!6CC?E2=@[!?H! @D2=! E2@24>?=2E!37!H2B2C@?=N!@D2!>;H@!B?M2B7!CB6HH!A;4!
26CD!<646>2@24!6=E!A;BB;S?=N!@D2!E2C?H?;=!<6@D!?=!@D2!N?R2=!@422!H@45C@542!@;!644?R2!6@!@D2!4?HM!42E5C@?;=!B2R2BT!
14;>! @D?H! 4?HM! 42E5C@?;=! B2R2B! 6! H6A2@7! ?=@2N4?@7! B2R2B! C6=! 32! E24?R2E[! <4;R?E2E! @D6@! @D2! N46<D! D6H! 322=!
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6=E! CB6HH2H! 37! @D2! 3;E?2HU2=@?@?2H! ?=R;BR2E! 6=E! 37! @D2! /*(T! '@! >5H@! 32! 5=E24H@;;E! @D6@! @D2H2! <646>2@24H!
6=E!CB6HH2H!D6R2!=;@!322=!6N422E!?=@24=6@?;=6BB7!;4!?=!#54;<2!A;4!@D2!46?BS67!E;>6?=Y!
"D2! >2@D;E! D6H! 322=! E2R2B;<2E! A;4! @D2! 6HH2HH>2=@! ;A! H6A2@7! ?=@2N4?@7! B2R2B! A;4! 2B2C@4;P>2CD6=?C6B[!
2B2C@4?C6B[!;4!<=25>6@?C6BB7!C;=@4;BB2E!<4;@2C@?;=!H7H@2>H!6=E!H?><B2!H7H@2>H!\2TNT!>6CD?=2!@;;BH_!A;4!SD?CD!
@D2! 6CC?E2=@! HC2=64?;H! 6=E! C;=H2I52=C2H! 642! 26H?B7! A;42H2263B2T! '@H! 5H2! A;4! @D2! 6HH2HH>2=@! ;A! C;><B2Q!
H7H@2>!\B?M2!@D2!46?BS67H_!?H!I52H@?;=63B2T!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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\]2H<?@2!@D2!C;N=?H6=C2!;A!6!4?HM!6HH2HH;4!;A!<646>2@24H!@D6@!C;5BE!32!E2<2=E2=@!R64?63B2H[!@D2!?><6C@!
;A! H5CD! ?=@24E2<2=E2=C?2H! 32@S22=! ;4! 6>;=N! R64?63B2H! >67! 32! E?AA?C5B@! @;! I56=@?A7! ?A! @D2?4! C;P42B6@?;=H!
642!=;@!S2BB!M=;S=T_!
)P:! ^$/! ?H! 42H;54C2! ?=@2=H?R2T! (EE?@?;=6B! C;H@H! C;5BE! 32! D?ND24! @D6=! @D6@! ;A! 6! H@6=E64E! E2@24>?=?H@?C! 4?HM!
6HH2HH>2=@T!
LP):!3-2-4/5@.!@B!/@@29!_!C-/A@89!
/2B2C@?=N!>2@D;EH!?H!6!D?NDB7!?=E?R?E56B?F2E!<4;C2HH! H;!@D6@!6! N2=246B!H5NN2H@?;=!A;4!6!H2B2C@?;=! ;A!;=2!;4!
>;42!;A!@D2!H<2C?A?C!>2@D;EH!C6==;@!32!>6E2T!/2B2C@?;=!HD;5BE!32!E;=2!264B7!?=!@D2!E2R2B;<>2=@!;A!H6A2@7!
<4;N46>>2!6=E!HD;5BE!32!42R?2S2E!A;4!6<<B?C63?B?@7T!
,A@2=!@D242!?H!6!@2><@6@?;=!@;!@47!6=E!6<<B7!6!<64@?C5B64!>2@D;E!;4!@;;B[!@D6@!;=2!?H!R247!A6>?B?64! S?@D!;4!6=!
2Q<2=H?R2! @;;B! @D6@! D6H! 322=! <54CD6H2E! A;4! 6! H<2C?A?C! @2CD=?I52[! @;! 6BB! <4;3B2>HT! %;S2R24[! @D?H! E;2H! =;@!
6BS67H!<4;E5C2!@D2!E2H?42E!42H5B@HT!
1;4! 2Q6><B2[! 1"(! ?H! R247! <;S24A5B! SD2=! 6<<B?2E! @;! C;><B2Q! <4;3B2>H! ;A! @D2! C;>3?=6@;4?6B! @7<2! \0;;B26=!
B;N?C_[!35@!D6H!E46S36CMH!?=!<64@?C5B64!A;4!H7H@2>H!S?@D!H@6@2PE2<2=E6=@!;4!H2I52=C2PE2<2=E2=@!2R2=@HT!,=!
@D2! ;@D24! D6=E[! ^64M;R! >;E2BH! D6=EB2! @D2! B6@@24! S2BB[! 35@! S;4M! ;=! @D2! C;=H@6=@! A6?B542! 46@2! 6HH5><@?;=T!
%2=C2! ?@! C6==;@! 32! H6?E! @D6@! 1"(! ?H! 32@@24! @D6=! ^64M;R! \;4! R?C2! R24H6_! 6=E! 5H2! ;=2! @2CD=?I52! ;=B7T! "D2!
E2C?H?;=! =22EH! @;! 32! @6M2=! ;=! 6! C6H2P37PC6H2! 36H?H! 6=E! ?=! H;>2! C6H2H! ;@D24! >2@D;EH! \2TNT! =5>24?C6B!
?=@2N46@?;=[!^;=@2!$64B;!H?>5B6@?;=[!2@CT_!;4!6!C;>3?=6@?;=!;A!@D2>!>67!32!>;H@!6<<4;<4?6@2T!
#&!X9h99PhPW! <4;R?E2H! 6=! ;R24R?2S! 6=E! H2B2C@?;=! C4?@24?6! A;4! @;;BH! 6=E! >2@D;EHT! %;S2R24[! H2B2C@?=N!
>2@D;EH!6=E!@;;BH!C;5BE!6BH;!32!>6E2!26H?24!37!C;=H?E24?=N!@D2!A;BB;S?=NY!
" System complexity: $;><B2Q!H7H@2>H[!2TNT!?=R;BR?=N!42E5=E6=C7!;4!E?R24H?@7!A26@542H[!5H56BB7!E2>6=E!6!

E22<24!B2R2B!;A!6=6B7H?H!@D6=!H?><B24!H7H@2>HT!
" System novelty: (!C;><B2@2B7!=2S!H7H@2>!E2H?N=!>67!42I5?42!6!>;42!@D;4;5ND!B2R2B!;A!6=6B7H?H!@D6=!6!
S2BBP<4;R2=!E2H?N=T!
" Qualitative vs. quantitative analysis: 'H!6!I56=@?@6@?R2!6=6B7H?H!=2C2HH647u!
" Single vs. multiple faults: (42! @D242! 42B2R6=@! 2AA2C@H! 64?H?=N! A4;>! C;>3?=6@?;=! ;A! A65B@H! ;4! C6=! @D27! 32!
=2NB2C@2Eu!
" Time-dependent or sequence-dependent behaviour: ];2H! @D2! H2I52=C2! ;A! 2R2=@H! <B67! 6! 4;B2! ?=! @D2!
6=6B7H?H!\2TNT!@D2!H7H@2>!A6?BH!;=B7!?A!2R2=@!(!?H!<42C2E2E!37!0[!=;@!R?C2!R24H6_!;4!E;2H!@D2!H7H@2>!2QD?3?@!
@?>2!E2<2=E2=@!32D6R?;54!\2TNT!E2N46E2E!>;E2H!;A!;<246@?;=!6A@24!A6?B542[!<D6H2E!>?HH?;=H_u!
" Bottom-up vs. top-down analysis: .H56BB7[!3;@@;>P5<!>2@D;EH!C6=!32!6<<B?2E!?=!6!>;42!H@46?ND@A;4S64E!
>6==24!SD?B2!@;<PE;S=!>2@D;EH!=22E!>;42!@D;5ND@!6=E!>67!@D242A;42!32!>;42!244;4P<4;=2T!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!WWj!P!
" Allocation of safety requirements: /D;5BE!@D2!>2@D;E!32!C6<63B2!;A!I56=@?@6@?R2!6BB;C6@?;=u!

" High safety requirements: "D2! E2>;=H@46@?;=! ;A! D?ND! H6A2@7! 42I5?42>2=@H! 5H56BB7! E2>6=EH! 6! >;42!
@D;4;5ND!B2R2B!;A!6=6B7H?HT!
" Domain expertise: iD6@! B2R2B! ;A! 2E5C6@?;=! ;4! 2Q<24?2=C2! ?H! 42I5?42E! ?=! ;4E24! @;! >26=?=NA5BB7! 6=E!
C;442C@B7!6<<B7!@D2!>2@D;E!6=E!?H!?@!26H?B7!2Q<B6?=63B2!@;!=;=PH<2C?6B?H@H!H;!@D6@!@D27!C6=!32!?=R;BR2Eu!
" Acceptance and commonality: 'H! @D2! >2@D;E! C;>>;=B7! 6CC2<@2E[! 2TNT! 37! 6! 42N5B6@;47! 65@D;4?@7! ;4! 6!
C5H@;>24u!
" Standardisation: 'H! @D242! 6=! ?=E5H@47! S?E2! 42C;N=?F2E! H@6=E64E[! SD?CD! E2HC4?32H! @D2! A26@542H! ;A! @D2!
>2@D;E!6=E!@D2!<42H2=@6@?;=!;A!42H5B@H!\2TNT!H7>3;BH[!2@CT_u!
" Need for tool support: ];2H!@D2!>2@D;E!=22E!@;;B!H5<<;4@!;4!C6=!?@!6BH;!32!<24A;4>2E!>6=56BB7u!
" Plausibility checks: 'H!?@!26H7!@;!?=H<2C@!@D2!<B65H?3?B?@7!;A!@D2!42H5B@H!>6=56BB7u!'A!=;@[!642!@D2!6R6?B63B2!
@;;BH!R6B?E6@2Eu!
" Availability of tools: (42! @;;BH! 6R6?B63B2! C;>>24C?6BB7u! ];! @D2H2! @;;BH! D6R2! 6! C;>>;=! ?=@24A6C2! S?@D!
;@D24!6=6B7H?H!@;;BH!H;!@D6@!42H5B@H!>67!32!42P5H2E!;4!2Q<;4@2Eu!
!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!WWe!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
E..-Z!N!!
\?=A;4>6@?R2_!
!
S51Y01C1/54!52279/01/5@.!@B!1F1521D525/>[email protected]?/!
"D2!availability!(!;A!6!H7H@2>!?H!E2A?=2E!37!@D2!A46C@?;=!;A!@?>2!@D2!H7H@2>!?H!45==?=N!<4;<24B7!D2=C2!
MUT MTBF
A= = & 1 [!
MUT + MDT MTBF + MDT
6=E!N2=246BB7!D6H!6!R6B52!CB;H2!@;!WT!(H!6!C;=H2I52=C2!?@H!C;><B2>2=@[!C6BB2E!@D2!unavailability!!
MDT
1" A = ) 0 !!
MTBF + MDT
@2=EH!@;!F24;T!
$,**#$"'d#! *#(]o!1,*!
1(').*#! ^('&"#&(&$# /#*d'$#!
7?!9/1/-! 7?!9/1/-
8@=.!9/1/-
(E>?=?H@46@?R2!6=E! '=R2H@?N6@?;=! *2<6?4U2QCD6=N2! "?>2!@;!

B;N?H@?CH!E2B67!x! @?>2! @?>2! CD2CMU@2H@!
@D2!H7H@2>
^(]!p!^)]! ^""*
^"01!q!^."! ^"01!q!^."
^]"
^"01!p!^]"
^"01! >26=!\;<246@?=N_!@?>2!32@S22=!A6?B542H! ^""*! >26=!@?>2!@;!42H@;46@?;=!\A;4!C;442C@?R2!>6?=@2=6=C2_!

^."! >26=!5<!@?>2! "D?H!<24?;E!;A!@?>2!E2HC4?32H!@D2!6C@?R2!>6?=@2=6=C2!@?>2T!
^]"! >26=!E;S=!@?>2! '=!C6H2!;A!<42R2=@?R2!>6?=@2=6=C2!@D242!?H!=;!E2@2C@?;=!@?>2T!
^(]! >26=!6E>?=?H@46@?R2!E2B67!
x!42<42H2=@H!6BB!42B2R6=@!A46C@?;=H!S?@D?=!^]"!
^)]! >26=!B;N?H@?CH!E2B67!
N5Y70-!NP)!`!EF1521D525/>[email protected]?/!1.8!0-21/-8!/-0C9!!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
$)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:! P!W89!P!
E..-Z!K!!
\?=A;4>6@?R2_!
!
LZ1C?2-9!@B!9-//5.Y!059V!144-?/1.4-!405/-051!
KP)! LZ1C?2-!@B!E#E&J!1??2541/5@.!
"D2! A;BB;S?=N! 2Q6><B2H! ?=E?C6@2! D;S! @D2! ()(*+! <4?=C?<B2! C6=! 32! 6<<B?2E[! ?=E2<2=E2=@B7! A4;>! =6@?;=6B!
42I5?42>2=@H!6=E!;@D24!4?HM!6HH2HH>2=@!42I5?42>2=@HT!
"D2! 36H?C! ?E26! ?H! 6B426E7! N?R2=! ?=! #&!V9W8XPW! ?@H2BAT! "63B2!X! ;A! #&!V9W8XPW! HD;SH! 6! 4?HM! >6@4?Q! S?@D! A;54!
6426H!;A!4?HMY!
" ?=@;B2463B2r!
" 5=E2H?463B2r!
" @;B2463B2r!
" =2NB?N?3B2T!
1;4! @D2! ()(*+! <4?=C?<B2! ;=B7! @D422! 6426H! 6<<B7[! 32C65H2! v?=@;B2463B2v! 6=E! v5=E2H?463B2v! ?H! CB6HH2E! @D2!
H6>2[!?T2T[!?@!?H!6=!6426!;A!5=6CC2<@63B2!4?HMT!
%2=C2!@D2!@D422!42>6?=?=N!6426H!642!
" 5=6CC2<@63B2[! SD?CD!2I56@2H!@;! @D2!5=6CC2<@63B2!42N?;=[!
" @;B2463B2[! SD?CD!2I56@2H!@;! @D2!()(*+!42N?;=[!
" =2NB?N?3B2[! SD?CD!2I56@2H!@;! @D2!34;6EB7!6CC2<@63B2!42N?;=T!
"D2!36H?C!?E26!;A!4?HM!6HH2HH>2=@!?H!6H!A;BB;SHT!
" ].144-?/1D2-!059V!D6H!@;!32!0-874-8[!\6<<4;R6B!?H!5=B?M2B7_T!
" &2NB?N?3B2!4?HM!=22EH!=;!A54@D24!4?HM!42E5C@?;=T!
" &59V!6HH2HH2E!;4!C6BC5B6@2E!@;!32!?=!@D2! m/@2-01D2-m! 0-Y5@.[!=22EH!@;!32!A54@D24!?=R2H@?N6@2E!@;!H22! ?A!
1885/[email protected]!059V!0-8745.Y!C-1970-9!C6=!@46=HA24!@D2!4?HM!?=@;!@D2!v=2NB?N?3B2v!42N?;=!1.8!@D6@!@D?H!H6A2@7!
?><4;R2>2=@!0-122>!?1>9T!
*2A244?=N!@;!s0?3B?;N46<D7!jt[!2=N?=224?=N!H6A2@7!>6=6N2>2=@!H7H@2>H!\o2BB;S!0;;M_!?=!.K[!4?HM!6HH2HH>2=@!
?H! E2HC4?32E! 6H! 6! H2R2=PH@6N2! <4;C2HH[! S?@D! @D2! A;BB;S?=N! H@6N2H! \6BH;! H22! VThT8[! SD?CD! ?H! @D2! H6>2! ?=!
<4?=C?<B2!35@!B5><H!H;>2!;A!@D2!H@6N2H!@;N2@D24_Y!
i) Hazard identificationY!?E2=@?A?C6@?;=!;A!6!H<2C?A?C!D6F64Er!
ii) Causal AnalysisY!C65H2!;A!@D2!D6F64Er!
iii) Consequence AnalysisY!?=@24>2E?6@2!6=E!A?=6B!C;=H2I52=C2H!;A!@D2!D6F64Er!
iv) Loss AnalysisY!>6N=?@5E2!;A!H6A2@7!B;HH2H!\32A;42!6!>?@?N6@?;=!>26H542_r!
v) Options AnalysisY!E2@24>?=6@?;=!6=E!6HH2HH>2=@!;A!>?@?N6@?;=!>26H542Hr!
vi) Impact AnalysisY!6HH2HH>2=@!;A!@D2!32=2A?@!;A!26CD!>26H542r!
vii) Demonstration of ALARP and complianceY!f5H@?A?C6@?;=!;A!@D2!42>6?=?=N!4?HMT!
'=!;4E24!=;@!@;!42<26@!@D2!o2BB;S!0;;M[!?@!?H!6HH5>2E!@D6@!@D2!A?4H@!H?Q!H@6N2H!D6R2!6B426E7!322=!E;=2T!/;[!
@D242!?H!E2>;=H@46@?;=!;A!()(*+T!
$;=H2I52=@B7[!@D2!A?4H@!@6HM!?H!@;!2H@63B?HD!@D2!5<<24!6=E!B;S24!3;5=E64?2H!A;4!@D2!@;B2463B2!4?HM!42N?;=T!
(! C5H@;>24! ;4! 6=! 65@D;4?@7! >67! <4;R?E2! @D2! 3;5=E647! B2R2BH[! ;4! @D27! >67! 32! N2=246@2E! 37! 7;54H2BA! 6=E!
6N422E! @D2! 42B2R6=@! C5H@;>24! ;4! 65@D;4?@7! \A;4! E24?R?=N! @D2! 3;5=E647! B2R2BH! 6BH;! H22! v"D2! o2BB;S! 0;;MvT!
d;B5>2!8!+64@!][!#Q6><B2H_T!
S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
! P!W8W!P! $)$U"*!V9W8XP8Y899:!
*2>2>324[!@D6@!4?HM!D6H!@S;!<646>2@24HY!
" @D2!H2R24?@7!;A!D64>!A4;>!6=!6CC?E2=@r!
" @D2!A42I52=C7!;A!;CC5442=C2!;A!@D2!6CC?E2=@T!
142I52=C7!;A!;CC5442=C2
;A!6=!6CC?E2=@! ].144-?/1D2-!0-Y5@.!
E#E&J!0-Y5@.!
<0@182>! &59V
144-?/1D2-! )
0-Y5@.!
: *
/2R24?@7!;A!6CC?E2=@!C;=H2I52=C2
N5Y70-!KP)!`!&59V!10-19!1.8!059V!0-8745.Y!C-1970-9!
%2=C2[!@D242!642!h!;<@?;=H!A;4!42E5C?=N!@D2!4?HMY!
" >?@?N6@2!@D2!C;=H2I52=C2H!;A!6=!6CC?E2=@!\2TNT[!6!H6A2@7!32B@!?=!6!>;@;4C64_!\(44;S!W!?=!1?N542!`TW_r!
" 42E5C2! @D2! <4;363?B?@7! ;A! ;CC5442=C2! ;A! @D2! 6CC?E2=@! 37! ?><B2>2=@?=N! 6EE?@?;=6B! H6A2@7! 3644?24H! ;4! 37!
5H?=N!>;42!42B?63B2!C;><;=2=@H!\(44;S!8!?=!1?N542!`TW_r!
" E;!3;@D!\(44;S!h!?=!1?N542!`TW_T!
"D2!A;BB;S?=N!2Q6><B2H!642!=25@46B!6=E!E;!=;@!A;C5H!;=!6!H<2C?A?C!6<<B?C6@?;=!;4!@2CD=;B;N7T!"D27!642!36H2E!
;=!6!".#d!H2>?=64!\H22!3?3B?;N46<D7_T!
(HH5>2!@D6@!6=6B7H?H!;A!6!H7H@2>!HD;SH[!A;4!;=2!H<2C?A?C!D6F64E[!@D2!A;BB;S?=N!<4;<24@?2HT!
" "D2!6R246N2!B;HH!;A!D64>!?=!C6H2!;A!6=!6CC?E2=@!?H!2H@?>6@2E!@;!W!^?BB?;=!}!\2T!NT!B?ND@!;4!>2E?5>!D26R7!
?=f547!@;!6!<24H;=!;4!E6>6N2!@;!2I5?<>2=@!;4!N;;EH_T!
" "D2!46@2!;A!;CC5442=C2!A;4!6=!6CC?E2=@!?H!2H@?>6@2E!6@!Zx#Ph!<24!7264T!
" ,<246@?;=6B!@?>2!?H!W9!7264HT!
iD?CD!;A!@D2!A;BB;S?=N!;<@?;=H!642!@D2!>;H@!2AA2C@?R2!;=2H!6CC;4E?=N!@;!()(*+u!
,<@?;=!WY!"D2!4?HM!42E5C@?;=!?H!<24A;4>2E!37!6!H5<24R?H?;=!E2R?C2[!SD?CD!C;=@4;BH!@D2!H6A2@7!;A!@D2!<4;C2HHT!'@!
?H!6HH5>2E[!@D6@!@D?H!S?BB!42E5C2!@D2!46@2!;A!6CC?E2=@H!@;!8x#PZ!<24!7264T!"D2!E2R?C2!S?BB!C;H@!h9!999!}T!
,<@?;=!8Y! (! <4;@2C@?R2! C;R246N2! S?BB! 32! ?><B2>2=@2ET! "D?H! S?BB! 42E5C2! @D2! B;HH! ;A! D64>! A4;>! W!^?;!}! @;!
V99!999!}T!"D2!C;R246N2!S?BB!C;H@!X!999!}T!
,<@?;=!hY!'><4;R2E!;<246@?;=6B!?=H@45C@?;=H!6=E!S64=?=N!@6NH!S?BB!42E5C2!@D2!@?>2!5=E24!4?HM!6=E!S?BB!?><4;R2!
H6A2@7!6S642=2HHT!'@!?H!2H@?>6@2E[!@D6@!@D2!6CC?E2=@!46@2!?H!42E5C2E!@;!V9!{T!"D2!C;H@!S?BB!32!W!999!}T!
,<@?;=!ZY!(=!6EE?@?;=6B!C;=@4;B!<24H;=! S?BB!H5<24R?H2! @D2! <4;C2HH!C;=@?=5;5HB7T!'@!?H! 2H@?>6@2E[!@D6@!@D?H! S?BB!

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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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S.R. CLC/TR 50126-2:2007
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CLC-TR 50126-2-2007

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SAI GLOBAL, Index House, Ascot, Berks, SL5 7EU, UK

SAI GLOBAL, 286 Sussex Street, Sydney NSW 2000, Australia

Railway applications - !e specification

Published: !is document is based on: Published:

!is document was published ICS number:

NSAI T +353 1 807 3800 Sales: Price Code:

Údarás um Chaighdeáin Náisiúnta na hÉireann

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Cause (system level)

time being n1t1; n2t2 and n3t3

Triggering & Accident A1

Sort, eliminate dependencies, and define credible ”c-hazards

Analyse consequences and

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e.g. safety-related functions or safety barriers (physical, technical

Realisation of safety-related functions into sub-systems, system

Hazards from sub-system, product, process or procedures, incl. Hazard

Sort, eliminate dependencies and define credible hazards

Control the impact in order to satisfy the tolerability

Modify or realise safety-related functions into system

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Are technical measures for the

Monitor the safety performance of the system and

Improve the product and/or techniques where needed

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