Best Approach

Binomial Theorem
(Sheet)

By Mathematics Wizard
Manoj Chauhan Sir (IIT Delhi)
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
KEY CONCEPTS
BINOMIAL EXPONENTIAL & LOGARITHMIC SERIES
1. BINOMIAL THEOREM :
The formula by which any positive integral power of a binomial expression can be expanded in
the form of a series is known as BINOMIAL THEOREM .
If x , y  R and n  N, then ;
n
(x + y)n = nC
0 xn + nC
1 xn1 y+ nC xn2y2
2 + ..... + nC xnryr
r + ..... + nC yn
n =  nCr xn – r yr.
r0
This theorem can be proved by Induction .
OBSERVATIONS :
(i) The number of terms in the expansion is (n + 1) i.e. one or more than the index .
(ii) The sum of the indices of x & y in each term is n .
(iii) The binomial coefficients of the terms nC0 , nC1 .... equidistant from the beginning and the end are
equal.
2. IMPORTANT TERMS IN THE BINOMIAL EXPANSION ARE :
(i) General term (ii) Middle term
(iii) Term independent of x & (iv) Numerically greatest term
(i) The general term or the (r + 1)th term in the expansion of (x + y)n is given by ;
Tr+1 = nCr xnr . yr
(ii) The middle term(s) is the expansion of (x + y)n is (are) :
(a) If n is even , there is only one middle term which is given by ;
T(n+2)/2 = nCn/2 . xn/2 . yn/2
(b) If n is odd , there are two middle terms which are :
T(n+1)/2 & T[(n+1)/2]+1
(iii) Term independent of x contains no x ; Hence find the value of r for which the exponent of x is zero.
(iv) To find the Numerically greatest term is the expansion of (1 + x)n , n  N find
n
Tr 1 Cr x r n  r 1
 n r 1
 x . Put the absolute value of x & find the value of r Consistent with the
Tr C r 1x r
Tr 1
inequality > 1.
Tr
Note that the Numerically greatest term in the expansion of (1  x)n , x > 0 , n  N is the same
as the greatest term in (1 + x)n .
3. If  A B  n
= I + f, where I & n are positive integers, n being odd and 0 < f < 1, then
(I + f) . f = Kn where A  B2 = K > 0 & A  B < 1.
If n is an even integer, then (I + f) (1  f) = Kn.
4. BINOMIAL COEFFICIENTS :
(i) C0 + C1 + C2 + ....... + Cn = 2n
(ii) C0 + C2 + C4 + ....... = C1 + C3 + C5 + ....... = 2n1
(2 n) !
(iii) C0² + C1² + C2² + .... + Cn² = 2nCn =
n! n!
( 2n )!
(iv) C0.Cr + C1.Cr+1 + C2.Cr+2 + ... + Cnr.Cn =
( n  r ) ( n  r )!

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REMEMBER :
(i) (2n)! = 2n . n! [1. 3. 5 ...... (2n  1)]

5. BINOMIAL THEOREM FOR NEGATIVE OR FRACTIONAL INDICES :

n ( n  1) 2 n ( n  1) ( n  2) 3
If n  Q , then (1 + x)n = 1  n x  x  x ...... Provided | x | < 1.
2! 3!
Note :
(i) When the index n is a positive integer the number of terms in the expansion of
(1 + x)n is finite i.e. (n + 1) & the coefficient of successive terms are :
nC , nC , nC , nC ..... nC
0 1 2 3 n
(ii) When the index is other than a positive integer such as negative integer or fraction, the number of
terms in the expansion of (1 + x)n is infinite and the symbol nCr cannot be used to denote the
Coefficient of the general term .
(iii) Following expansion should be remembered (x < 1).
(a) (1 + x)1 = 1  x + x2  x3 + x4  ....  (b) (1  x)1 = 1 + x + x2 + x3 + x4 + .... 
(c) (1 + x)2 = 1  2x + 3x2  4x3 + ....  (d) (1  x)2 = 1 + 2x + 3x2 + 4x3 + ..... 
(iv) The expansions in ascending powers of x are only valid if x is ‘small’. If x is large i.e. | x | > 1 then
1
we may find it convinient to expand in powers of , which then will be small.
x
6. APPROXIMATIONS :
n ( n  1) n ( n  1) ( n  2) 3
(1 + x)n = 1 + nx + x² + x .....
1. 2 1.2.3
If x < 1, the terms of the above expansion go on decreasing and if x be very small, a stage may be
reached when we may neglect the terms containing higher powers of x in the expansion. Thus, if x be
so small that its squares and higher powers may be neglected then (1 + x)n = 1 + nx, approximately.
This is an approximate value of (1 + x)n.
7. EXPONENTIAL SERIES :
n
x x2 x3  1
(i) ex = 1 +    ....... ; where x may be any real or complex & e = Limit
n 
1  
1! 2! 3! n

x x2 2 x3 3
(ii) ax = 1 + ln a  ln a  ln a  ....... where a > 0
1! 2! 3!
Note :
1 1 1
(a) e=1+   .......
1! 2! 3!
(b) e is an irrational number lying between 2.7 & 2.8. Its value correct upto 10 places of decimal is
2.7182818284.
 1 1 1 
(c) e + e1 = 2 1     ....... 
 2! 4! 6! 
 1 1 1 
(d) e  e1 = 2 1     ....... 
 3! 5! 7! 
(e) Logarithms to the base ‘e’ are known as the Napierian system, so named after Napier, their inventor.
They are also called Natural Logarithm.

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
8. LOGARITHMIC SERIES :
x 2 x3 x 4
(i) ln (1+ x) = x     .......  where 1 < x  1
2 3 4
x 2 x3 x 4
(ii) ln (1 x) =  x     .......  where 1  x < 1
2 3 4
 3 5 
(1  x )
(iii) ln =2  x  x  x  ......  x < 1
(1 x )  3 5 
 
1 1 1
REMEMBER : (a) 1   +...  = ln 2 (b) eln x = x
2 3 4
(c) ln2 = 0.693 (d) ln10 = 2.303

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem

SOLVED EXAMPLES
1. The coefficient of x9 in (1 + 3x + 3x2 + x3)15 is
(A) 45C9 (B) 15C9 (C) 0 (D) None of these
Sol. (A)
Since, (1 + 3x + 3x2 + x3)15 = [(1 + x)3]15 = (1 + x)45
Hence, the coefficient of x9 in (1 + x)45 is 45 C9

15
 3 1 
2. In the expansion of x  2  the constant term is
 x 

(A) 15C9 (B) 0 (C) – 15C9 (D) 1

Sol. (C)
15
1 
Let (r + 1)th term be the constant term in the expansion of  x3   .
 x2 

 Tr + 1 = 15C (x3)15–r   1  is independent of x

r  2 
 x 
or Tr+1 = 15Cr X45–5r (–1)r is independent of x
 45 – 5r = 0
 r=9
Thus, thenth term is independent of x and is given by
T10 = 15C9 (–1)9 = – 15C9

55
 1 1

3. The number of terms which are free from radical signs in the expansion of  x 5  y10  is
 
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) None of these
Sol. (A)
General term in (x1/5 + y1/10)55 is
tr+1 = 55C1x 1/5(55 – r) y1/10r (0  r  55)
For the terms free from all radical signs, we must have
1 1
(55  r)  I and r  I'
5 10
where, I and I' are both integers
 r = 5 (11 – I) and r = 10I'
i.e. r is both multiple of 5 and 10,
 r is a multiple of 10.
 Number of terms free from radicals are 6
where 0  r  55 and r is a multiple of 10 are
r = 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50

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17
4. The 14th term from the end in the expansion of  x  y  is
5 11
(A) 17 C5 x 6   y  (B) 17 C6  x  y3
(C) 17C4x13/2y2 (D) None of these
Sol. (C)
14th term from end = {(17 + 1) – 14} + 1 = (18 – 14) + 1 = 5
 14th term from end = 5th term from beginning
 t5 = 17C4 ( x )13 ( y)4
 t5 = 17C4 x13/2 y2
 t5 = 17C4 x13/2 y2

5. The coefficient of x4 in the expansion of (1 + x + x2 + x3)11 is

(A) 900 (B) 909 (C) 990 (D) 999
Sol. (C)
Let E = (1 + x + x2 (1 + x))11
 E = (1 + x)11 (1 + x2)11
General term in E is
tr,k = (11Cr x11) (11Ck(x2)k)
tr,k = 11Cr 11Ck xr+2k
term containing x4 in E is
r + 2k = 4 where r, k  N
r 0 1 2 3 4 5
 4 r 
k 2 × 1 × 0 ×
 2 
Terms containing coefficient of x4 are
t0, 2 + t2, 1 + t4, 0
 Coefficient of x4
= 11C0 11C2 + 11C2 11C1 + 11C4 11C
0 = 990

9
6. The coefficient of the term independent of x in the expansion of (1 + x + 2x3)  3 x 2  1  is
2 3x 

1 19 17 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 54 54 4
Sol. (C)
9

Let E = (1 + x + 2x3)  3 x 2  1 
2
 3x 

9 r r
 9 3 1 
 E = (1 + x + 2x3)   9 Cr  x 2     
 r 0  2   3x  

9 r r
 9
    3 1 
 E = (1 + x + 2x3)   9 Cr      x183r 
 r 0  2   3 

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9r r 9 r r 9 r r
 9  3  1   9 3  1   9  3  1 
 E    9 Cr      x183r     9 Cr      x193r   2   9 Cr      x 213r 
 r 0  2  3    2   3    2   3 
   r 0   r 0 
Clearly first and third expansions contain terms independent of x, and are obtained if 18 – 3r = 0 and
21 – 3r = 0 respectively.
Hence, coefficient of term indepencent of x is
9 6 6
9 3  1  9  3 97  1 7 
C6       2  C7      
2  3   2   3  

7 2 17
 Term independent of x in E =  
18 27 54

7. The coefficient of x11 in the expansion of (2x2 + x – 3)6 is :

(A) 384 (B) 192 (C) 572 (D) 64
Sol. (B)
Since, (2x2 + x – 3)6 = (2x + 3)6(x – 1)6
General term in the expansion is
tr+1, k+1 = 6Cr 6Ck 26–r 3r (–1)k x6–r x6–k
 tr+1, k+1 = 6Cr 6Ck 26–r 3r (–1)k x12–(r + k)
the expansion contains coefficient of x11 if
12 – (r + k) = 11
 r+k=1
 Coefficient of x11 is
6C 6C 2630 (–1)1 + 6C 6C 253(–1)6
0 1 1 0
– 384 + 576
 Coefficient of x11 = 192

4 3
 1  1
8. The term independent of x in the expansion of  x    x   is :
x x    
(A) –3 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 3
Sol. (B)
4 3
1 1
Let E =  x    x  
 x  x

General term of E is
r k
4  1 1
C r x 4 r    4 C k x 3 k  
 x x
4C 4C
(–1)r x4–2r x3–2k
r k
4C 4C
(–1)r x7–2r–2k
r k
the expression E will contain a term independent of x if
7 – 2r – 2k = 0
2 (r + k) = 7

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EVEN = ODD
which is impossible, hence there is no term in the expression E independent of x.

9. If (5 + 2 6 )n = I + f, where I  N, n N and 0  f < 1, then I equals

1 1 1 1
(A) f (B) f (C) f (D) f
f 1 f 1 f 1 f
Sol. (C)
Let (5 – 2 6 )n = f ' where 0 < f ' < 1
 I + f + f ' = 2 [5n + C25n–2 ( 6 )2 + .....]
or I + f + f ' = Even integer
Since 0 < f < 1, 0 < f' < 1
 0 < f + f' < 2
 f + f' = 1 or f ' = 1 – f
1
Now I + f = ( 5 + 2 6 ) n – f = 1
(5  2 6) n

1 1
 I f  f {using (i)}
f' 1 f

10. Sum of coefficients in the expansion of (x + 2y + z)10 is :

(A) 210 (B) 310 (C) 1 (D) None of these
Sol. (D)
Substituting, x = y = z = 1
 sum of coefficient is 410

C0 C1 C2 C3
11. The sum to (n + 1) terms of the series     ........ is :
2 3 4 5

1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) n(n  1) (D) None of these
n 1 n2
Sol. (D)
Since, (1 + x)n = nC0 + nC1 x + nC2 x2 + ....... + nCn xn
 nC x + nC x2 + nC x3 + ...... + nC xn+1 = x (1 + x)n
0 1 2 n
Intergrating w.r.t. x, we have
n
C0 x 2 n C1x 3 n C 2 x 4 n
Cn x n 2
   ......    (1  x  1)(1  x) n dx
2 3 4 n2
n
C0 x 2 n C1x 3 n C 2 x 4
    ......   (1  x)n 1 dx   (1  x) n dx
2 3 4
n
C0 x 2 n C1x 3 n C 2 x 4 (1  x) n  2 (1  x) n 1
    ......   C
2 3 4 n2 n 1
Put X = 0, we have
1 1 n  1  (n  2)
0  C ; 0 C
n  2 n 1 (n  1)(n  2)

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1
 C
(n  1)(n  2)

C0 C1 C2 1
Put x = –1, we have    .....  0  0 
2 3 4 (n  1)(n  2)

C0 C1 C2 1
    ..... 
2 3 4 (n  1)(n  2)

12. 23n – 7n – 1 is divisible by

(A) 36 (B) 49 (C) 69 (D) None of these
Sol. (B)
23n = 8n = (1 + 7)n
Now E = (1 + 7)n – 7n – 1 = nC2 72 + nC3 73 + .......
 E = 72 (integer)
Hence, divisible by 49.

13. The number of terms in the expansion of (1 + 2x + x2)20 when expanded in descending power of x, is :
(A) 20 (B) 21 (C) 40 (D) 41
Sol. (D)
We have (1 + 2x + x2)20 = {(1 + x)2}20 = (1 + x)40
Therefore there are 41 terms in the expansion of (1 + 2x + x2)20.

14. The value of 13C2 + 13C3 + 13C4 + ......... + 13C13 is :

(A) 213 – 13 (B) 213 – 14
13
(C) an odd number  2 – 14 (D) an even number  213 – 14
Sol. (B)
Since, 13C0 + 13C1 + 13C2 + ....... + 13C13 = 213
 13C + ...... + 13C = 213 – 13C – 13C
2 13 0 1
 13C + 13C + ....... + 13C = 213 – 14
2 3 13
15
15. In the expansion of  x 4  13  the coefficient of x39 is
 x 
(A) 1365 (B) – 1365 (C) 455 (D) –455
Sol. (D)
15
 1 
General term in  x 4   is
 x3 

r
 1 
Tr+1 = 15Cr (x4)15–r   3  = 15Cr x60–7r (–1)r
 x 
If x39 occurs in Tr+1, then 60 – 7r = 39
 r=3
So, coefficient of x39 = 15C3 (–1)3 = –455

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C1 C 2 C3
16. C0     ...... 
2 3 4

1
(A) 0 (B) 2n–1 (C) (D) None of these
n 1
Sol. (C)
Since, (1 + x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x2 + C3x3 + ...... + Cnxn
Where Cr = nCr
Integrating the equation w.r.t. x, we have
2
 {C0  C1x  C2 x  .....  C n x n }dx   (1  x) n dx

C1x 2 C 2 x 3 C x n (1  x)n 1
 C0 x    ......  n  c
2 3 n 1 n 1
where, c is a constant of integration.
Put x = 0, we have
(1  0) n 1
0 + 0 + 0 + 0 + .......... + 0 = c
n 1

1
 c
n 1

C1x 2 C 2 x 2 C x n 1 (1  x)n 1  1
 C0 x    ......  n 
2 3 n 1 n 1
Put x = –1, we get
C1 C 2 (1  1)n 1  1 1
C 0    .....  
2 3 n 1 n 1

C1 C2 1
 C0    ..... 
2 3 n 1

17. If (1 + x + x2)n = C0 + C1x + C2x2 + ......., then the value of C0 C1 – C1C2 + C2C3 – ...... is :
(A) 3th (B) (–1)n (C) 2n (D) None of these
Sol. (D)
Since, (1 + x + x2)n = C0 + C1x + C2x2 + ....... + C2nx2n
1
Replace x by  in above expression
x
n
 1 1  1 1 1
  1   2   C 0  C1  C 2 2  .....  C 2n 2n
 x x  x x x
Now, C0 C1 – C1 C2 + C2 C3 – ........ is
 1 1
Coefficient of x in [C0 + C1x + C2x2 + .......]  C0  C1 x  C2 x 2  ......
 
n
 1 1 
Coefficient of x in (1  x  x 2 ) n 1   2 
 x x 
Coefficient of x2n + 1 in (1 + x + x2)n (x2 – x + 1)n
Coefficinet of x2n+1 in ((1 + x)2 + x2)n
Coefficient x2n+1 in (1 + x2 + x4)n = 0

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n

18. If (1 + x)n =  Cr x r , then  1  C 1

 C2 
1 

 ...........1 
Cn 

r 0
 C0   C1   Cn 1 

n n 1 (n  1) n 1 (n  1) n (n  1) n 1
(A) (n  1)! (B) (n  1)! (C) (D)
n! n!
Sol. (C)
n
Cr n  (r  1)
Since n

C r 1 r

 C  C   C 
Let E =  1  C1 1  C2  ........ 1  C n 
 0  1   n 1 

 n  n  1   1
 E  1  1   ......... 1  n 
 1  2   

 (n  1) n
E
n!

19. If (1 + ax + bx2) (1 – 2x)18 be expressed in ascending powers of x such that co-efficients of x3, x4 are
zero, then (a, b) is equal to
272   44  1 88
(A) 16,  (B)  4,  (C)  ,  (D) None of these
 3   3   16 3 
Sol. (A)
(1 + ax + bx2) [C0 – C1 (2x) + C2 (2x)2 – C3 (2x)3 + C4 (2x)4 – ........]
Coefficients of x4 and x3 are both zero.
18C · 24 – 18C 23a + 18C · 22b = 0
4 3 2
and – 18C3 · 23 + 18C2 · 22a – 18C1 · 2b = 0
 32a – 3b = 240 and 51a – 3b = 544
272
Solving, a = 16, b =
3

20. The interval in which x must lie so that the numerically greatest term in the expansion of (1 – x)21 has the
numerically greatest coefficient is :
5 6 5 6 4 5 4 5
(A)  ,  (B)  ,  (C)  ,  (D)  , 
6 5 6 5 5 4 5 4
Sol. (B)
If n is odd, then numerically the greatest coefficient in the expansion of (1 – x)n is n C n 1 or n C n1
.
2 2

 In case of (1 – x)21 the numerically greatest coefficient is 21C10 or 21C11.

So, the numerically greatest term = 21C11 x11 or 21C10x10.
 21C x11 > 21C x12 and 21C x10 > 21C x9
11 12 10 9
21! 21! 21! 21!
  x and x
10!11! 9!12! 11!10! 9!12!

6 5 5 6
  x and x   X  , 
5 6 6 5

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
21. Which one is correct?
(A) (1999)2000 > (2000)1999 (B) (1998)1999 > (1999)1998
(C) (100)101 < (101)100 (D) 2625 > 2526
Sol. (A)
n n
(n  1)n 1  n  1   1  1
Let E      1  
n n 1 n n   n n

1  n 1 n(n  1) 1 
 E 1   2
 .....(n  1) terms 
n  1! n 2! n 

1 1 1  1  1 1  1 1  
 E 1    1    .......(n  1)terms   1       ......  (n  1) terms 
n  1! 2!  n   n  1!  2! 3!  

1 1 1  1
 E 1  1      .....(n  1)terms   [1  1  1  .....n terms]
n 2 2  n

1 (n  1) n
 E n 1 i.e. E 1
n n n 1

(n  1) n
 1  nn+1 > (n + 1)n
n n 1
Hence, (1999)2000 > (2000)1999

n
22. xr occurs in the expansion  x 3  14  provided
x  
(A) 2n – r is divisible by 5 (B) 3n – r is divisible by 5
(C) 2n – r is divisible by 7 (D) 3n – r is divisible by 7
Sol. (D)
n
General term in  x 3  14  is
x
 

k
 1 
t k 1  n C k (x 3 ) n  k  4   tk+1 = nCk x3n–7k
x 
terms contains coefficient of xr if
3n – 7k = r
or 3n – r = 7k where k  N
23. aC0 + (a + b)C1 + (a + 2b)C2 + ........ + (a + nb)Cn is equal to
(A) (2a + nb)2n (B) (2a + nb)2n–1 (C) (na + 2b)2n–1 (D) (na + 2b)2n–1
Sol. (B)
n n
Let, E  a  Cr  b r Cr
r 0 r 1

 E = a . + b . n . 2n–1
2n
 E = 2n–1 [2a + nb]

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
nC n + 3 · nCr + nCr+1 is equal to
24. r–2 + 3 · Cr–1
(A) n–1Cr (B) n–2Cr+1 (C) n+3Cr+1 (D) n+2Cr+2
Sol. (C)
Let E = nCr–2 + nCr–1 + 2 (nCr–1 + nCr) + (nCr + nCr+1)
 E = n+1Cr–1 + 2. n+1Cr + n+1Cr+1
 E = (n+1Cr –1 + n+1Cr) + (n+1Cr + n+1Cr+1)
E = n+3Cr+1

25. If C0, C1, C2,................, C15 are the binomial coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)15, then
C1 C C C
 2 2  3 3  ......  15 15
C0 C1 C2 C14
(A) 120 (B) 130 (C) 140 (D) 150
Sol. (A)
Tr 1 Cr n  r 1
 
Tr C r 1 r

Putting r = 1, 2, 3, ......n
n 2(n  1) 3(n  2)
L.H.S     .......  1
1 2 2
= n + (n – 1) + (n – 2) + ........ + 1
n(n  1)
= n  2
Now put n = 15
 L.H.S. = 120
5
1 log x 
26. If the third term in the expansion of   x  , is 1000, then the value(s) of x is/are
10

x 
(A) 10 (B) 100 (C) 1 (D) None of these
Sol. (B)
3
1
Since, 5 C2   (x log x )2  1000
10
{given}
x
 x2log10x – 3 = 102
taking log10 throughout, we have
 2(log10x)2 – 3 (log10x) – 2 = 0
 (log10x – 2) (2log10x + 1) = 0
1
log10x = 2 log10x = 
2
x = 102 x = 10–1/2

27. If |x| < 1, then the coefficient of xn in the expansion of (1 + x + x2 + x3 .......)2 is :

(A) n (B) n – 1 (C) n + 2 (D) n + 1
Sol. (D)
We have (1 + x + x2 + x3 + .........)2 = {(1 – x)–1}2 = (1 – x)–2
Since, coefficient xn in (1 – x)–r is n + r–1Cr–1.
So, coefficient of xn in (1 – x)–2 is n + 2 – 1C2 – 1 = n+1C1 = n + 1

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
PROFICIENCY TEST # 1

1. The 5th term of the expansion of (x – 2)8 is -

(A) 8C5x3 (–2)5 (B) 8C5x325 (C) 8C4x4(–2)4 (D) 8C6x2(–2)6

n
 1 5
2. If the 4th term in the expansion of  ax   is , then the values of a and n are -
 x 2

(A) 1/2, 6 (B) 1, 3 (C) 1/2, 3 (D) can not be found

3. The coefficient of (3r)th term and coefficient of (r + 2)th term in the expansion of (1 + x)2n are equal then
(where) r > 1, n > 2, positive integer) -
n 1 n 1
(A) r = n/2 (B) r = n /3 (C) r = (D) r =
2 2

4. The coefficient of x5 in the expansion of (2 + 3x)12 is -

(A) 12C525.37 (B) 12C626.36 (C) 12C 27.35
5 (D) None of these

n
1
5. If in the expansion of  x 2   , the coefficient of third term is 31, then the value of n is -
 4
(A) 30 (B) 31 (C) 29 (D) 32

6. The number of terms in the expansion of (1 + 5 2 x)9 + (1 – 5 2 x)9 is –

(A) 5 (B) 7 (C) 9 (D) 10

11
 2 2 
7. The coefficient of x–26 in the expansion of  x  4  is
 x 
(A) 330 × 26 (B) –330 × 26 (C) 330 × 27 (D) – 330 × 27

8
1 
8. The term independent of y in the binomial expansion of  y1/ 3  y 1/ 5  is
2 
(A) Sixth (B) seventh (C) fifth (D) None of these
6
1
9. The term independent of x in  2x   is -
 3x 
(A) 160/9 (B) 80/9 (C) 160/27 (D) 80/3

10. If in the expansion of (1 + y)n, the coefficient of 5th, 6th and 7th terms are in A.P., then n is equal to -
(A) 7, 11 (B) 7, 14 (C) 8, 16 (D) None of these

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
PROFICIENCY TEST # 2

1. The number of integral terms in the expansion of (51/2 + 71/6)642 is -

(A) 106 (B) 108 (C) 103 (D) 109

n
 1
2. If the middle term in the expansion of  x 2   is 924 x6 , then n =
 x
(A) 10 (B) 12 (C) 14 (D) None of these

3. The middle term in the expansion of (1 – 3x + 3x2 – x3)6 is

(A) 18C10x10 (B) 18C9(–x)9 (C) 18C9x9 (D) –18C10x10

9
 x3 2 
4. The 5th term from the end in the expansion of   3  is -
 2 x 

252 672
(A) 63x3 (B)  (C) (D) None of these
x3 x18

5. If (1 + x)n = C0 + C1 x + C2 x2 +....+ Cnxn, then the value of C0+ 2C1+ 3C2 +....+ (n + 1) Cn is -
(A) 2n (n + 1) (B) 2n–1(n + 1) (C) 2n–1(n + 2) (D) 2n(n + 2)

6. If the coefficients of rth and (r + 1)th terms in the expansion of (3 + 7x)29 are equal, then r equals-
(A) 15 (B) 21 (C) 14 (D) None of these

 1  1   1 
7. The coefficient of x49 in the expansion of (x – 1)  x   x  2  ......  x  49  is equal to
 2  2   2 

 1  1  1 
(A) 2 1  50  (B) coefficient of x (C) 2 1  50  (D) 2 1  49 
 2   2   2 
n
 1
8. The sum of the binomial coefficients of  2x   is equal to 256. The constant term in the expansion is
 x
(A) 1120 (B) 2110 (C) 1210 (D) none

9. Middle term in the expansion of (x2 – 2x)10 will be -

(A) 10C4x1724 (B) –10C5 25x15 (C) –10C424x17 (D) 10C5 24x15

9
 3 x3 
10. The middle term in the expansion of  2   is
x 6 

189 2 21 7 189 2 21 7 189 2 21 7

(A) x , x (B) x , x (C)  x ,  x (D) None of these
8 16 8 16 8 16

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
PROFICIENCY TEST #3
1 1 1 1
1. n!    ....   is equel to
 n! 2! n  2 ! 4! n  4 ! n! 
(A) 2n (B)2n–1 (C) 2n+1 (D) 2–n+1

2. If (1 + x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x2 +.....+ Cnxn, then C0C1 + C1C2 + C2C3 +.....+ Cn–1Cn is equal to -
2n! 2n! 2n! 2n!
(A) (B) (C) (D)
n!n! n! n  1!  n  1! n  1!  n  1!n!
3. If (1 + x + x2)2n = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ...... then the value of a0 – a1 + a2 – a3 + ..... is -
(A) 2n (B) 3n (C) 1 (D) 0

4. The sum of the coefficients in the expansion of (a + 2b + c)10 is

(A) 410 (B) 310 (C) 210 (D) 104

5. The sum of the coefficient of the terms of the expansion of polynomial (1 + x – 3x2)2143 is -
(A) 22143 (B) 1 (C) – 210 (D) 104

6. If |x| < 1/2, then expansion of (1 – 2x)1/2 is -

1 1 1
(A) 1  x  x 2 ..... (B) 1  x  x 2 ..... (C) 1  x  x 2 ..... (D) None of these
2 2 2

7. The tenth term in the expansion of (1 + x)–3 is -

(A) –55 x9 (B) 55 x9 (C) –66 x10 (D) 66 x10

8. The value of 99 upto three decimals is -

(A) 9.949 (B) 9.958 (C) 9.944 (D) 9.939

9. The remainder, when (1523 + 2323) is divided by 19, is -

(A) 4 (B) 15 (C) 0 (D) 18

n
 x 5x

10. In the expansion of  3 4  3 4  the sum of the binomial coefficients is 64 and the term with the greatest
 
binomial coefficient exceeds the third term by (n – 1), then the value of x must be
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) –1

11. The last two digits of the number 3400 are :

(A) 81 (B) 43 (C) 29 (D) 01

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem

EXERCISE–I
11 11
 2 1   1 
Q.1 Find the coefficients : (i) x7 in  a x   (ii) x7 in  ax  2 
 bx   bx 
(iii) Find the relation between a & b , so that these coefficients are equal.
Q.2 If the coefficients of the rth, (r + 1)th & (r + 2)th terms in the expansion of (1 + x)14 are in AP,
find r.
10 8
 x 3  1 1/ 3 1 / 5 
Q.3 Find the term independent of x in the expansion of (a)   2  (b)  x  x 
 3 2x  2 
Q.4 If the coefficients of 2nd , 3rd & 4th terms in the expansion of (1 + x)2n are in AP, show that
2n²  9n + 7 = 0.
Q.5 Given that (1 + x + x²)n = a0 + a1x + a2x² + .... + a2nx2n , find the values of :
(i) a0 + a1 + a2 + ..... + a2n ; (ii) a0  a1 + a2  a3 ..... + a2n ; (iii) a02 a12 + a22  a32 + ..... + a2n2
Q.6 If a, b, c & d are the coefficients of any four consecutive terms in the expansion of (1 + x)n, n  N,
a c 2b
prove that a  b  cd  bc .
8
 2 log 4 x  44 1 
Q.7 Find the value of x for which the fourth term in the expansion,  5 5 5   is 336.
 log 5 3 2 x 1 7 
 5 
Q.8 Prove that : n1Cr + n2Cr + n3Cr + .... + rCr = nCr+1.
Q.9 (a) Which is larger : (9950 + 10050) or (101)50.
4n
(b) Show that 2n–2C
n–2 + 2.2n–2Cn–1 + 2n–2Cn > , nN , n  2
n 1
11
 7
Q.10 In the expansion of 1  x   find the term not containing x.
 x
Q.11 Show that coefficient of x5 in the expansion of (1 + x²)5 . (1 + x)4 is 60.
Q.12 Find the coefficient of x4 in the expansion of :
(i) (1 + x + x2 + x3)11 (ii) (2  x + 3x2)6
Q.13 Find numerically the greatest term in the expansion of :
3 1
(i) (2 + 3x)9 when x = (ii) (3  5x)15 when x =
2 5
2 n
q 1  q  1  q  1
Q.14 Given sn= 1 + q + q² + ..... + qn & Sn = 1 + +  2  + .... +  2  , q  1,
2
prove that n+1C + n+1C2.s1 + n+1C3.s2 +....+ n+1Cn+1.sn = 2n . Sn .
1

Q.15 Prove that the ratio of the coefficient of x10 in (1  x²)10 & the term independent of x in
10
 2
x   is 1 : 32 .
 x
n4
Q.16 Let (1+x²)² . (1+x)n = a K . x K . If a1 , a2 & a3 are in AP, find n.
K 0

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(1  x n )(1  x n 1 )(1  x n 2 )..................(1  x n  r 1 )

Q.17 If nJ = , prove that nJn – r = nJr..
r (1  x )(1  x 2 )(1  x 3 )..................(1  x r )
n
Q.18 Prove that  n C K sin Kx . cos(n  K )x  2n 1 sin nx .
K 0

Q.19 The expressions 1 + x, 1+x + x2, 1 + x + x2 + x3,............. 1 + x + x2 +........... + xn are multiplied

together and the terms of the product thus obtained are arranged in increasing powers of x in the form of
a0 + a1x + a2x2 +................., then,
(a) how many terms are there in the product.
(b) show that the coefficients of the terms in the product, equidistant from the beginning and end are equal.
(n  1)!
(c) show that the sum of the odd coefficients = the sum of the even coefficients =
2
Q.20 Find the coeff. of (a) x6 in the expansion of (ax² + bx + c)9 .
(b) x2 y3 z4 in the expansion of (ax  by + cz)9 .
(c) a2 b3 c4 d in the expansion of (a – b – c + d)10.
2n 2n
Q.21 If  a r (x2)  b r ( x3) rr
& ak = 1 for all k  n, then show that bn = 2n+1Cn+1.
r0 r 0

Q.22 Find the coefficient of xr in the expression of :

(x + 3)n1 + (x + 3)n2 (x + 2) + (x + 3)n3 (x + 2)2 + ..... + (x + 2)n1
n
x 2
Q.23(a) Find the index n of the binomial    if the 9th term of the expansion has numerically the
  5 5
greatest coefficient (n  N) .
(b) For which positive values of x is the fourth term in the expansion of (5 + 3x)10 is the greatest.
(72)!
Q.24 Prove that  1 is divisible by 73.
36!2
Q.25 Find the number of divisors of the number
N = 2000C1 + 2 · 2000C2 + 3 · 2000C3 + ...... + 2000 · 2000C2000.
Q.26 Show that the integral part in each of the following is odd. n  N
n n n

(A) 5  2 6  
(B) 8  3 7  
(C) 6  35 
Q.27 Show that the integral part in each of the following is even. n N
2n 1 2n  1

(A) 3 3  5  
(B) 5 5  11 
 
Q.28 If 7  4 3 n = p+ where n & p are positive integers and  is a proper fraction show that
(1  ) (p + ) = 1.
2001
1 
Q.29 Find the sum of the roots (real or complex) of the equation x2001 +   x = 0.
2 
n
Q.30 Let I denotes the integral part & F the proper fractional part of 3  5   where n  N and if 
denotes the rational part and  the irrational part of the same, show that
1 1
 = (I + 1) and  = (I + 2 F  1).
2 2

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
EXERCISE–II
(On combinatorial coefficients)
If C0 , C1 , C2 , ..... , Cn are the combinatorial coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)n, n  N , then prove
the following :
2 n !
Q.1 C0² + C1² + C2² +.....+ Cn² = (This result is to be remembered)
n! n !
2 n !
Q.2 C0 C1 + C1 C2 + C2 C3 +....+Cn1 Cn =
( n  1)! ( n  1)!
Q.3 C1 + 2C2 + 3C3 +.....+ n . Cn = n . 2n1
Q.4 C0 + 2C1 + 3C2 +.....+ (n+1)Cn = (n+2)2n1
Q.5 C0 + 3C1 + 5C2 +.....+ (2n+1)Cn = (n+1) 2n
n
Q.6 (C0+C1)(C1+C2)(C2+C3) ..... (Cn1+Cn) = C 0 . C1 . C 2 .... C n 1 (n  1)
n!
Q.7 If Pn denotes the product of all the coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)n, n  N, show that,
Pn 1 ( n  1) n
 .
Pn n!
C1 2 C2 3 C3 n .Cn n (n  1)
Q.8    .......  
C0 C1 C2 C n 1 2

22 . C1 23 . C 2 24 .C3 2n 1 .C n 3n  1  1
Q.9 2 . Co +    ...... 
2 3 4 n 1 n 1
2 n!
Q.10 CoCr + C1Cr+1 + C2Cr+2 + .... + Cnr Cn =
(n  r)! (n  r)!
1 C 2 C n n C 1
Q.11 Co  2  3  ......  ( 1) n  1  n  1
(n  1) (2 n)!
Q.12 1 . Co² + 3 . C1² + 5 . C2² + ..... + (2n+1) Cn² =
n! n !
Q.13 If a0 , a1 , a2 , ..... be the coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x + x²)n in ascending
powers of x , then prove that : (i) a0 a1  a1 a2 + a2 a3  .... = 0 .
(ii) a0a2  a1a3 + a2a4  ..... + a2n  2 a2n = an + 1 or an–1.
(iii) E1 = E2 = E3 = 3n1 ; where E1= a0 + a3 + a6 + ..... ; E2 = a1 + a4 + a7 + ..... &
E3 = a2 + a5 + a8 + .....
Q.14 If (1+x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x² + .... + Cn xn , then show that the sum of the products of the C i ’ s
  Ci C j 2 n!
taken two at a time , represented by is equal to 22n1  .
0 i j n 2 (n !) 2
Q.15 If (1 + x + x² + ... + xp)n = a0 + a1x + a2x²+...+anp. xnp , then find the value of :
a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 + .... + np . anp
Q.16 1². C0 + 2². C1 + 3². C2 + 4². C3 + .... + (n+1)² Cn = 2n2 (n+1) (n+4) .
C1 C C Cn (1  x) n  1  1
Q.17 C0 + x  2 x 2  3 x 3  .......  . xn =
2 3 4 n1 (n  1) x

Q.18 C0 C C 2n
 2  4  ........ 
1 3 5 n 1
C0 C1 C 2 C3 C 1 n .2n 1
Q.19     ........  n 
2 3 4 5 n  2 (n  1) (n  2)
(4 n  1)!
Q.20 Prove that , (2nC1)²+ 2 . (2nC2)² + 3 . (2nC3)² + ... + 2n . (2nC2n)² =
(2 n  1) !2
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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
EXERCISE–III
Q.1 If in the expansion of (1 + x)m (1  x)n, the co-efficients of x and x2 are 3 and  6 respectively, then
m is : [JEE '99, 2 (Out of 200)]
(A) 6 (B) 9 (C) 12 (D) 24

 n  n   n 
Q.2 For 2  r  n ,   + 2   +   =
 r  r  1  r  2
 n  1  n  1  n  2  n  2
(A)   (B) 2   (C) 2   (D)  
 r  1  r  1  r   r 

 n
Q.3 For any positive integers m , n (with n  m) , let   = nCm . Prove that
 m
 n  n  1  n  2  m  n  1
  +   +   + ........ +   =  
 m  m   m   m  m  1
Hence or otherwise prove that ,
 n  n  1  n  2  m  n2
  + 2   + 3   + ........ + (n  m + 1)   =   .
 m  m   m   m  m  2
[ JEE '2000 (Mains), 6 ]

Q.4 Find the largest co-efficient in the expansion of (1 + x) n , given that the sum of
co-efficients of the terms in its expansion is 4096 . [REE '2000 (Mains)]

a
Q.5 In the binomial expansion of (a – b)n, n > 5, the sum of the 5th and 6th terms is zero. Then equals
b
n5 n4 5 6
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 5 n4 n5
[ JEE '2001 (Screening), 3]
Q.6 Find the coeffcient of x49 in the polynomial [ REE '2001 (Mains) , 3 ]
 C   2 C   2 C   2 C 
 x  1   x  2  2   x  3  3  .................  x  50  50  where Cr = 50Cr .
 C0   C1   C2   C 49 
m
Q.7 The sum    ,
10 20
i m i (where   = 0 if P < q ) is maximum when m is
p
q
i 0
(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20
[ JEE '2002 (Screening) , 3 ]
Q.8(a) Coefficient of t24 in the expansion of (1+ t2)12 (1 + t12) (1 + t24) is
(A) 12C6 + 2 (B) 12C6 + 1 (C) 12C6 (D) none
[JEE 2003, Screening 3 out of 60]
 n  n   n  n  1   n  n  2   n  n  K   n 
(b) Prove that : 2K .  0  K  – 2K–1 1  K  1 + 2K–2  2  K  2  ...... (–1)K  K  0    K  .
             
[JEE 2003, Mains-2 out of 60]
Q.9 n–1C = (K2 – 3).nCr+1, if K 
r
(A) [– 3 , 3] (B) (–, – 2) (C) (2, ) (D) ( 3 , 2]
[JEE 2004 (Screening)]

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem

 30   30   30   30   30   30   30   30  n n
Q.10 The value of  0   10  –  1   11  +  2   12  ........ +  20   30  is, where  r  = Cr.
                
30  30   60   31
(A)  10  (B)  15  (C)  30  (D) 10 
       
[JEE 2005 (Screening)]

Q. 11 For r = 0, 1, ..... 10, let Ar, Br and Cr denote, respectively, the coefficient of xr in the expansions of
10
(1 + x)10, (1 + x)20 and (1 + x)30. Then  Ar(B10Br – C10Ar) is equal to
r 1
[JEE 2010]

(A) B10 – C10 (B) A10(B102 – C10A10)

(C) 0 (D) C 10 – B10

10
 x 1 x 1 
Q. 12 The term independent of x in expansion of  2 1
 1  is [JEE Main 2013]
 x 3  x 3 1 x  x 2 
(A) 310 (B) 4 (C) 120 (D) 210

Q. 13 The coefficients of three consecutive terms of (1 + x)n+5 are in the ratio 5 : 10 : 14. Then n =
[JEE Advance 2013]

Q. 14 If the coefficients of x3 and x4 in the expansion of (1 + ax + bx2)(1 – 2x)18 in powers of x are both zero,
then (a, b) is equal to [JEE Main 2014]
 272   251   251   272 
(A)  16,  (B) 16,  (C) 14,  (D)  14, 
 3   3   3   3 
Q. 15 If (10)9 + 2(11)1(10)8 + 3(11)2(10)7 + ..... + 10(11)9 = k(10)9, then k is equal to [JEE Mains 2014]
121 441
(A) 110 (B) (C) (D) 100
10 100

Q. 16 Coefficient of x11 in the expansion of (1 + x2)4(1 + x3)7(1 + x4)12 is : [JEE Advance 2014]
(A) 1051 (B) 1106 (C) 1113 (D) 1120

Q. 17 The sum of coefficients of integral powers of x in the binomial expansion of (1 – 2 x )50 is :

1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50
(A) (2 + 1) (B) (3 + 1) (C) (3 ) (D) (3 – 1)
2 2 2 2
[JEE Main 2015]

Q. 18 The coefficient of x9 in the expansion of (1 + x)(1 + x2)(1 + x3)......(1 + x100) is [JEE Advance 2015]

n
 4
Q. 19 If the number of terms in the expansion of 1   2  , x  0, is 28, then the sum of the coefficients of
 x x 
all the terms in this expansion, is : [JEE Mains 2016]
(A) 64 (B) 2187 (C) 243 (D) 729

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
Q. 20 Let m be the smallest positive integer such that the coefficient of x2 in the expansion of
(1 + x)2 + (1 + x)3 + ...... + (1 + x)49 + (1 + mx)50 is (3n + 1) 51C3 for some positive integer n.
Then the value of n is : [JEE Advance 2016]

Q. 21 The value of (21C1 – 10C1) + (21C2 – 10C2) + (21C3 – 10C3) + (21C4 – 10C4) +.....+(21C10 – 10C10)
is [JEE Mains 2017]
21
(A) 2 – 2 11 21
(B) 2 – 2 10 20
(C) 2 – 2 9 (D) 2 – 210
20

Q. 22 The sum of the co-efficients of all odd degree terms in the expansion [JEE Mains 2018]
5 5
 x + x3 – 1  +  x – x 3 – 1  ,  x > 1
   is :
   

(A) 2 (B) –1 (C) 0 (D) 1

Q. 23 Let X = (10C1)2 + 2(10C2)2 + 3(10C3)2 +.....+ 10(10C10)2, where 10Cr, r  {1, 2,.....,10} denote
1
binomial coefficients. Then, the value of X is. [JEE Advance 2018]
1430

Q.24 If the coefficients of x2 and x3 are both zero, in the expansion of the expression (1 + ax + bx2) (1 – 3x)15
in powers of x, then the ordered pair (a, b) is equal to : [JEE Main 2019]
(A) (28, 315) (B) (–54, 315) (C) (–21, 714) (D) (24, 861)

Q.25 If some three consecutive coefficients in the binomial expansion of (x + 1)n in powers of x are in the ratio
2 : 15 : 70, then the average of these three coefficient is : [JEE Main 2019]
(A) 964 (B) 625 (C) 227 (D) 232

6
2 
Q.26 If the fourth term in the binomial expansion of   x log8 x  (x  0) is 20 × 87, then a value of x is :
 x 

[JEE Main 2019]

(A) 8 (B) 82 (C) 8-2 (D) 83

6
1
 1 12

Q.27 If the fourth term in the binomial expansion of  1 log10 x  x  is equal to 200, and x > 1, then the
 x 
value of x is : [JEE Main 2019]
(A) 103 (B) 100 (C) 10 4
(D) 10

Q.28 The sum of the co-efficient s of all even degree terms in x in t he expansion of
6 6
x  x 3
 1   x  x3
1 , (x  1) is equal to : [JEE Main 2019]
(A) 32 (B) 26 (C) 29 (D) 24

Q.29 The sum of the series 2.20C0 + 5.20C1+ 8.20C2+ 11.20C3+ .... + 62.20C20 is equal to :
[JEE Main 2019]
(A) 224 (B) 225 (C) 226 (D) 223

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem

Q.30 If n C4 , n C5 and n C6 are in A.P., then n can be: [JEE Main 2019]
(A) 9 (B) 14 (C) 11 (D) 12
60
 1 1 
Q.31 The total number of irrational terms in the binomial expansion of  7 5  3 10  is:[JEE Main 2019]
 
(A) 55 (B) 49 (C) 48 (D) 54
Q.32 A ratio of the 5th term from the beginning to the 5th term from the end in the binomial expansion of
 1/3 1 
2   is : [JEE Main 2019]
 2(3)1/3 
(A) 1 : 2(6)1/3 (B) 1 : 4(16)1/3 (C) 4(36)1/3 : 1 (D) 2(36)1/3 : 1
a2
Q.33 Let (x + 10)50 + (x – 10)50 = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ... + a50x50, for all x  R ; then a is equal to :
0
(A) 12.50 (B) 12.00 [JEE Main 2019]
(C) 12.25 (D) 12.75
8
 x3 3 
Q.34 The sum of the real values of x for which the middle term in the binomial expansion of    equals
 3 x
5670 is : [JEE Main 2019]
(A) 0 (B) 6 (C) 4 (D) 8
Q.35 The value of r for which 20Cr 20C0 + 20Cr–1 20C1 + 20Cr–2 20C2 + ...... + 20C0 20Cr is maximum is :
[JEE Main 2019]
(A) 15 (B) 20 (C) 11 (D) 10
10
2  
Q.36 The positive value of for which the co - efficient of x in the expression x  x  2  is 720, is:
2
 x 
[JEE Main 2019]
(A) 4 (B) 2 2 (C) 5 (D) 3

25
Q.37 If 
r 0
 50

C r .50 r C 25r  K  50

C25 , then K is equal to: [JEE Main 2019]

(A) (25)2 (B) 225 – 1 (C) 224 (D) 225

20 3
20 
Ci1 k
Q.38 If   20 20   , then k equals [JEE Main 2019]
i 1  Ci  Ci 1  21

(A) 400 (B) 50 (C) 200 (D) 100

5
Q.39 If the third term in the binomial expansion of 1  x log 2 x   equals 2560, then a possible value of x is:
[JEE Main 2019]
1 1
(A) (B) 4 2 (C) (D) 2 2
4 8

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem

2403 k
Q.40 If the fractional part of the number is , then k is equal to : [JEE Main 2019]
15 15
(A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 4 (D) 14
3
 1  t6 
Q.41 The coefficient of t4 in the expansion of   is [JEE Main 2019]
 1 t 

(A) 12 (B) 15 (C) 10 (D) 14

2 n
 q 1   q 1   q 1
Q.42 Let Sn + 1 + q + q + .... + q and Tn  1  
2 n
   ....    where q is a real number
 2   2   2 
and q  1. If 101C1 + 101C2.S1 + .... + 101C101.S100 = T100 then  is equal to : [JEE Main 2019]
(A) 299 (B) 202 (C) 200 (D) 2100

Q.43 If 20C1 + (22) 20C2 + (32) 20C3 + ........ + (202) 20C20 = A(2), then the ordered pair (A, ) is equal to :
(A) (420, 18) (B) (380, 19) (C) (380, 18) (D) (420, 19)

Q.44 If the sum of the coefficients of all even powers of x in the product (1 + x + x2 + .... + x2n)
(1 – x + x2 – x3 + ... + x2n) is 61, then n is equal to ______ . [JEE Main 2020]

Q.45 The coefficient of x7 in the expression (1 + x)10 + x(1 + x)9 + x2(1 + x)8 + .... + x10
[JEE Main 2020]
(A) 420 (B) 330 (C) 210 (D) 120

Q.46 If  and  be the coefficients of x4 and x2 respectively in the expansion of

6 6
x  x 2  1    x  x 2  1  , then : [JEE Main 2020]
(A)  = – 30 (B)  = – 132 (C) = 60 (D)  = 60

Q.47 The coefficient of x4 in the expansion of (1 + x + x2)10 is _________. [JEE Main 2020]

16
 x 1 
Q.48 In the expansion of    , if l1 is the least value of the term independent of x when
 cos  x sin  

   
   and l2 is the least value of the term independent of x when    , then the ratio
8 4 16 8
l2 : l1 is equal to : [JEE Main 2020]
(A) 16 : 1 (B) 8 : 1 (C) 1 : 8 (D) 1 : 16

Q.49 Let   0,   0 be such that 3  2  4 . If the maximum value of the term indepen dent of x in
10
 19 1
 
6
the binomial expansion of   x   x  is 10k, then k is equal to: [JEE Main 2020]
 
(A) 176 (B) 336 (C) 352 (D) 84

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
n
1
Q.50 For a positive integer n, 1   is expanded in increasing powers of x. If three consecutive coefficients
 x
in this expansion are in the ratio, 2:5:12, then n is equal to _____ [JEE Main 2020]

1 n
 1 
Q.51 If the number of integral terms in the expansion of  3 2  5 8  is exactly 33, then the least value of n
 
is: [JEE Main 2020]
(A) 128 (B) 248 (C) 256 (D) 264

9
3 2 1 
Q.52 If the term independent of x in the expansion of  x   is k, then 18 k is equal to:
2 3x 
[JEE Main 2020]
(A) 5 (B) 9 (C) 7 (D) 11

20
50  r
Q.53 The value of  C6 is equal to: [JEE Main 2020]
r0

(A) 51 C7 30 C7 (B) 51 C7  30 C7 (C) 50

C 7  30 C7 (D) 50
C6  30
C6

20
r
a7
Q.54 L et (2x 2 + 3x + 4)10 =  a r x . Then a is equal to ............. [JEE Main 2020]
r0 13

Q.55 If for some positive integer n, the coefficients of three consecutive terms in the binomial expansion of
(1 + x)n+5 are in the ratio 5:10:14, then the largest coefficient in this expansion is :
[JEE Main 2020]
(A) 792 (B) 252 (C) 462 (D)330

22
1
Q.56 The natural number m, for which the coefficient of x in the binomial expansion of  x m  2  is 1540,
 x 
is ............. [JEE Main 2020]

Q.57 The coefficient of x4 in the expansion of (1 + x + x2 + x3)6 in powers of x, is ______

[JEE Main 2020]
 3200 
Q.58 If {p} denotes the fractional part of the number p, then   , is equal to :
 8 
[JEE Main 2020]
5 1 7 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
8 8 8 8

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
10
k
Q.59 If the constant term in the binomial expansion of  x  2  is 405, then |k| equals:
 x 
[JEE Main 2020]
(A) 1 (B) 9 (C) 2 (D) 3

Q.60 Consider the data on x taking the values 0, 2, 4, 8, .....,2n with frequencies n C 0 , n C1 , n C2 ,....n C n ,
728
respectively. If the mean of this data is , then n is equal to ______ [JEE Main 2020]
2n

 s!
s  if r  s
Q.61 For nonnegative integers s and r , let     r !(s  r )!
 r  0 if r  s

m n
f (m, n, p)
For positive integers m and n, let g (m, n)  
p 0 n  p
 
 p 
p
m n i p  n
where for any nonnegative integer p , f (m, n, p )       
i  0  i  p   p  i 

Then which of the following statements is/are TRUE? [JEE Advanced 2020]
(A) g (m, n)  g (n, m) for all positive integers m, n
(B) g(m, n + 1) = g(m + 1, n) for all positive integers m, n
(C) g(2m, 2n) = 2 g(m, n) for all positive integers m, n
(D) g(2m, 2n) = (g(m, n))2 for all positive integers m, n

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem

ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE–I

11C a6 11C a
5
5
Q.1 (i) 5 b5
(ii) 6 b 6 (iii) ab = 1 Q.2 r = 5 or 9 Q.3 (a)
12
(b) T6 =7

Q.5 (i) 3n (ii) 1, (iii) an Q.7 x = 0 or 1 5

Q.9 (a)10150 (Prove that 10150  9950 = 10050 + some +ive qty) Q.10 1 +  11C2k . 2kCk 7k
k1

7.313
Q.12 (i) 990 (ii) 3660 Q.13 (i) T7 = (ii) 455 x 312 Q.16 n = 2 or 3 or 4
2
n2  n  2
Q.19 (a) Q.20 (a) 84b6c3 + 630ab4c4 + 756a2b2c5 + 84a3c6; (b) 1260 . a2b3c4 ; (c) 12600
2
nC (3nr  5 20
Q.22 r 2nr) Q.23 (a) n = 12 (b) <x< Q.25 8016 Q.29 500
8 21

EXERCISE–II
np
Q15 Differentiate the given expn. & put x = 1 to get the result (p+1)n
2
1
Q.18 Consider [(1+x)n + (1x)n] = C0 + C2x² + C4x4 + ..... Integrate between 0 & 1.
2
Q.19 Multiply both sides by x the expn. (1+x)n . Integrate both sides between 0 & 1.

EXERCISE–III
Q.1 C Q.2 D Q.4 12 C 6 Q.5 B
Q.6 – 22100 Q.7 C Q.8 (a) A Q.9 D Q.10 A
Q.11 D Q.12 D Q.13 6 Q.14 A Q.15 D
Q.16 C Q.17 B Q.18 8 Q.19 A / (Bonus) Q.20 5
Q.21 D Q.22 A Q.23 646 Q.24 A Q.25 D
Q.26 B Q.27 D Q.28 D Q.29 B Q.30 B
Q.31 D Q.32 C Q.33 C Q.34 A Q.35 B
Q.36 A Q.37 B Q.38 D Q.39 A Q.40 B
Q.41 B Q.42 D Q.43 D Q.44 30 Q.45 B
Q.46 B Q.47 615 Q.48 A Q.49 B Q.50 118
Q.51 C Q.52 C Q.53 1 Q.54 8 Q.55 C
Q.56 13 Q.57 120 Q.58 B Q.59 D Q.60 6
Q.61 A,B,D

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem

QUESTION BANK
[STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE]
Q.1 (1 + x) (1 + x + x2) (1 + x + x2 + x3) ...... (1 + x + x2 + ...... + x100) when written in the ascending power
of x then the highest exponent of x is ______ .
(A) 4950 (B) 5050 (C) 5150 (D) none

10
Q.2 The sum  k ·k! equals
k 1
(A) (10)! (B) (11)! (C) (10)! + 1 (D) (11)! – 1

n
 x
Q.3 If the coefficients of x7 & x8 in the expansion of 2   are equal , then the value of n is
3  
(A) 15 (B) 45 (C) 55 (D) 56

n
Q.4 
Let 5  2 6  = p + f where n  N and p  N and 0 < f < 1 then the value of, f2  f + pf  p is
(A) a natural number (B) a negative integer (C) a prime number (D) are irrational number

10
 x 1 x 1 
Q.5 In the expansion of  2 / 3 1/ 3   , the term which does not contain x is
 x  x  1 x  x1 / 2 
(A) 10C0 (B) 10C7 (C) 10C4 (D) none

Q.6 In the expansion of (1 + x + x2 + ....... + x27)(1 + x + x2 + ...... + x14)2, the coefficient of x28 is
(A) 195 (B) 224 (C) 378 (D) 405

n
 1
Q.7 If the constant term of the binomial expansion  2x   is – 160, then n is equal to
 x
(A) 4 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 10

Q.8 If (1 + x – 3x2)2145 = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ......... then a0 – a1 + a2 – a3 + ..... ends with

(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 7 (D) 9

n
 q p 7 
Q.9 
In the expansion of   10
, there is a term similar to pq, then that term is equal to
 p q 3 
(A) 210 pq (B) 252 pq (C) 120 pq (D) 45 pq

 1 1   1 
Q.10 The coefficient of x49 in the expansion of (x – 1)  x    x  2  .....  x  49  is equal to
 2 2   2 
1
(A) – 2 1  50  (B) + ve coefficient of x
 2 
 1 
(C) – ve coefficient of x (D) – 2 1  49 
 2 

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
Q.11 The sum S = 20C2 + 2 · 20C3 + 3 · 20C4 + ...............+ 19 · 20C20 is equal to
(A) 1 + 5 · 220 (B) 1 + 221 (C) 1 + 9 · 220 (D) 220

39 39 39 39
Q.12 The number of values of ' r ' satisfying the equation , C3 r 1  C r2 = C r2 1
 C 3 r is
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

Q.13 If 683 + 883 is divided by 49, then the remainder is

(A) 35 (B) 5 (C) 1 (D) 0

18
 1 
Q.14 The term independent of 'x' in the expansion of  9 x   , x > 0, is  times the corresponding
 3 x
binomial co-efficient. Then '' is
1 1
(A) 3 (B) (C)  (D) 1
3 3

1
Q.15 Greatest term in the binomial expansion of (a + 2x)9 when a = 1 & x = is :
3
(A) 3rd & 4th (B) 4th & 5th (C) only 4th (D) only 5th

n
 1
Q.16 The sum of the binomial coefficients of 2 x   is equal to 256. The constant term in the expansion is
 x 
(A) 1120 (B) 2110 (C) 1210 (D) none

Q.17 Given (1 – 2x + 5x2 – 10x3) (1 + x)n = 1 + a1x + a2x2 + .... and that a12 = 2a2 then the value of n is
(A) 6 (B) 2 (C) 5 (D) 3

Q.18 The expansion of (1 + x)n has 3 consecutive terms with coefficients in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 and can be
written in the form nCk ; nCk + 1 : nCk + 2. The sum of all possible values of (n + k) is
(A) 18 (B) 21 (C) 28 (D) 32

100
Q.19 Number of rational terms in the expansion of  2  43  is :
(A) 25 (B) 26 (C) 27 (D) 28

Q.20 The coefficient of the middle term in the binomial expansion in powers of x of (1 + x)4 and of
(1 – x)6 is the same if  equals
5 10 3 3
(A) – (B) (C) – (D)
3 3 10 5

Q.21 If C0, C1, C2 ..... denotes the combinatorial coefficients in the expansion of (1 + x)10, then the value of
C 0 C1 C 2 C
   ......  10 is equal to
1 2 3 11
211 211  1 311 311  1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
11 11 11 11

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
Q.22 The remainder, when (1523 + 2323) is divided by 19, is
(A) 4 (B) 15 (C) 0 (D) 18

1 1 1 1
Q.23 I f n  N & n is even , then    ......  =
1. (n  1) ! 3 ! ( n  3) ! 5 ! (n  5) ! ( n  1) ! 1 !

2 n 1
(A) 2n (B) (C) 2n n ! (D) none of these
n!

Q.24 The remainder, if 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + ......+21999 is divided by 5 is

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

n
 x 5x 
Q.25 In the expansion of 3  3 4  the sum of the binomial coefficients is 64 and the term with the
 4
 
 
greatest binomial coefficient exceeds the third term by (n – 1), then the value of x must be
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 0 (D) – 1

12
 1 1
 4 
Q.26 Sum of all the rational terms in the expansion of  3  4 3  , is
 
(A) 27 (B) 256 (C) 283 (D) none

Q.27 Co-efficient of t in the expansion of,

( + p)m  1 + ( + p)m  2 ( + q) + ( + p)m  3 ( + q)2 + ...... ( + q)m  1
where  q and p  q is :

(A)
m

Ct pt  qt  (B)
m

Ct pmt  qmt  (C) m

Ct pt  qt  (D)
m

C t p m  t  q m t 
pq pq pq pq

Q.28 If (11)27 + (21)27 when divided by 16 leaves the remainder

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 14

Q.29 The last two digits of the number 3400 are :

(A) 81 (B) 43 (C) 29 (D) 01

Q.30 If (1 + x + x²)25 = a0 + a1x + a2x² + ..... + a50 . x50 then a0 + a2 + a4 + ..... + a50 is :
(A) even (B) odd & of the form 3n
(C) odd & of the form (3n  1) (D) odd & of the form (3n + 1)

4  54 k  x k  8
Q.31 The largest real value for x such that      is
  3
k 0  ( 4  k )!  k! 

(A) 2 2  5 (B) 2 2  5 (C)  2 2  5 (D)  2 2  5

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Q.32 (2n + 1) (2n + 3) (2n + 5) ....... (4n  1) is equal to :
( 4 n) ! (4 n ) ! n ! (4 n ) ! n ! (4 n) ! n !
(A) n (B) n (C) (D)
2 . (2n) ! (2n) ! 2 . (2n) ! (2n) ! (2n) ! (2n) ! 2 n ! (2n) !

2001
1 
Q.33 The sum of the roots (real or complex) of the equation x2001 +   x = 0 is
2 
(A) 2000 (B) 2001 (C) 1000 (D) 500

Q.34 The sum of the series (1² + 1).1! + (2² + 1).2! + (3² + 1). 3! + ..... + (n² + 1). n! is :
(A) (n + 1). (n+2)! (B) n.(n+1)! (C) (n + 1). (n+1)! (D) none of these

  1  4x  1  7  1  4 x  1  7 
1 
Q.35 The expression     is a polynomial in x of degree
4x  1   2   2  
 

(A) 7 (B) 6 (C) 4 (D) 3

n
 n
a  C3
Q.36 If the second term of the expansion a 1/13   is 14a5/2 then the value of n is
 1
a  C2

(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 12 (D) 6

Q.37 The value of (4 · nC1 + 42 · nC2 + 43 · nC3 + ...... + 4n) is

(A) 0 (B) 5n + 1 (C) 5n (D) 5n  1

Q.38 The sum of the coefficients of all the even powers of x in the expansion of (2x2  3x + 1)11 is
(A) 2 . 610 (B) 3 . 610 (C) 611 (D) none

Q.39 Last three digits of the number N = 7100 – 3100 are

(A) 100 (B) 300 (C) 500 (D) 000

Q.40 The positive value of 'a' so that the coefficient of x5 is equal to that of x15 in the expansion of
10
 2 a 
 x  3  is
 x 

1 1
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D) 2 3
2 3 3

Q.41 Set of value of r for which, 18Cr  2 + 2 . 18Cr  1 + 18Cr  20C13 contains :
(A) 4 elements (B) 5 elements (C) 7 elements (D) 10 elements

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem
[COMPREHENSION TYPE]
Paragraph for Question Nos. 42 to 44
Consider the binomial expansion R = (1 + 2x)n = I + f, where I is the integral part of R and 'f' is the
fractional part of R, n  N. Also the sum of the coefficients of R is 6561.
1
Q.42 The value of (n + R – Rf) for x = equals
2
(A) 7 (B) 8 (C) 9 (D) 10
1
Q.43 If ith terms is the greatest term for x = , then ' i ' equals
2
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7

Q.44 If kth terms is having greatest coefficient then sum of all possible value(s) of k is
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) 11 (D) 13

[MULTIPLE OBJECTIVE TYPE]

11
 3  log 2
x3 
Q.45 In the expansion of  x  3.2  :
 
(A) there appears a term with the power x2
(B) there does not appear a term with the power x2
(C) there appears a term with the power x 3
(D) the ratio of the co-efficient of x3 to that of x 3 is 1/3

  5
Q.46 If it is known that the third term of the binomial expansion x  x log10 x is 106 then x is equal to
(A) 10 (B) 10  5/2 (C) 100 (D) 5

Q.47 Let (1 + x2)2 (1 + x)n = A0 + A1 x + A2 x2 + ...... If A0, A1, A2 are in A.P. then the value of n is :
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 7

n
 1 
Q.48 Consider the binomial expansion of  x  4  , n  N.
 2· x 
where the terms of the expansion are written in decreasing powers of x. If the coefficients of the first
three terms form an arithmetic progression then the statement(s) which hold good is/are
(A) total number of terms in the expansion of the binomial is 8
(B) number of terms in the expansion with integral power of x is 3
(C) there is no term in the expansion which is independent of x
(D) fourth and fifth are the middle terms of the expansion

n

Q.49 If 9  80  = 1 + f where I , n are integers and 0 < f < 1, then
(A) I is an odd integer (B) I is an even integer
n
(C) (I + f) (1  f) = 1 
(D) 1  f = 9  80 

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Maths IIT-JEE ‘Best Approach’ MCSIR Binomial Theorem

ANSWER KEY
Q.1 B Q.2 D Q.3 C Q.4 B Q.5 C
Q.6 B Q.7 B Q.8 B Q.9 B Q.10 A
Q.11 C Q.12 B Q.13 A Q.14 D Q.15 B
Q.16 A Q.17 A Q.18 A Q.19 B Q.20 C
Q.21 B Q.22 C Q.23 B Q.24 A Q.25 C
Q.26 C Q.27 B Q.28 A Q.29 D Q.30 A
Q.31 A Q.32 B Q.33 D Q.34 B Q.35 D
Q.36 A Q.37 D Q.38 B Q.39 D Q.40 A
Q.41 C Q.42 C Q.43 B Q.44 D Q.45 BCD
Q.46 AB Q.47 AB Q.48 BC Q.49 ACD

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