Lecture Notes 2 Nano Materials
Lecture Notes 2 Nano Materials
(Prevention of agglomeration)
1) Electrostatic stabilization
2) Steric stabilization
Colloidal stability
Continuous phase (dispersion medium)
Particles Material (dispersed phase)
Electrical double layer structure & electric potential near the solid
surface
ELECTROSTATIC STABILIZATION
Counterbalance of VDWL Coulombic repulsion
In liquid dispersion media, ionic groups can adsorb to
the surface of a colloidal particle forming charged
layer
Protic solvent
Which can exchange proton like methanol and ethanol
Aprotic solvent
Which cannot exchange protons like acetone and benzene
Solvent & Polymer
Depending on the interaction between polymer and
solid surface, a polymer can be grouped into:
(a) (b)
Interaction between polymers and solid surface:
(a) anchored polymer and (b) absorbing polymer.
(a) (b)
(a) Schematic of two approaching polymer layers,
(b) Gibbs free energy as a function of the distance between two particles.
Conditions
Interactions of two layers, separation distance, H, less than
twice thickness, L, of polymer layers
(a) (b)
(a) Two approaching polymer layers and
(b) Gibbs free energy as a function of the distance between two particles.
ELECTROSTATIC STABILIZATION
VT = VA + VR + VS
(a)
(b)