GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC JALGAON

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING

MICROPROJECT ON

INVERSIONS OF DOUBLE SLIDER CRANK CHAIN

MECHANISM

YEAR
2020-2021

GUIDED BY :- S .MISTRY sir

 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, JALGAON

(0018/1567)

Program Name and Code : _ME4I B

Course Name and Code : TOM (22438)
Academic Year : 2020-2021
Semester : FOURTH
A MICRO PROJECT
ON

INVERSIONS OF DOUBLE SLIDER CRANK CHAIN

MECHANISM

Submitted on 27/05/2021 by the group of 4 students :-

Sr. Roll Enrollment
Name of student Seat No.
No. No. No.
1 107 Mohit Shashikant Wani 1900180526
2 108 Patil Aakash Kiran 1900180527
3 110 Patil Kiran Pandurang 1900180529
4 123 Akshay Suresh Khangre 1900180591

Project Guide
-----( S. MISTRY Sir)-----
(Lecturer in TOM )
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION
Certificate

This is to certify that Master /Ms. MOHIT SHASHIKANT WANI, AAKASH KIRAN PATIL, KIRAN
PANDURANG PATIL, AKSHAY SURESH KHANGRE Roll No. 107,108,110,123 of 4th Semester of
Diploma in MECHANICAL ENGINEERING of Institute, Government Polytechnic, Jalgaon
(Code:0018) has completed the Micro Project satisfactorily in the Subject – TOM (22438)
for the Academic Year 2021- 2022 asprescribed in the curriculum.

Place: Jalgaon Enrollment No: 1900180526,527,529,591

Date: 27-05-2021 Exam. Seat No: …………………………………….

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

Seal of
Institutio
n
 GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC
JALGAON

-SUBMISSION-

I (Full Name) AKSHAY SURESH KHANGRE Roll No./Seat No. 123 as a student
of ……4th/2nd……. Sem/Year of the Programme Mechanical Engineering humbly submit
that I have completed from time to time the Practical/Micro-Project work as described in
this report by my own skills and study between the period
from……2021……to……2022 ............. as per instructions/guidance of (S.MISTRY Sir)
And that following students were associated with me for this work, however,
quantum of my contribution has been approved by the Lecturer.
And that I have not copied the report on its any appreciable part from any other
literature in contravention of the academic ethics.
1) MOHIT SHASHIKANT WANI
2) AAKASH KIRAN PATIL
3) KIRAN PANDURANG PATIL

Date: 27/05/2021 Signature of Student

 Evaluation sheet for the Micro project

Academic year : 2020-21 Name of the faculty : S. Mistry sir

Course: Theory Of Machines Course code : 22438

Title of project : INVERSION OF DOUBLE SLIDER CRANK

MECHANISM

Cos addressed by Micro project:

 Will be able to notice working and applications of different kinematic
links in machinery.
 Concept of slider crank mechanism will be in practice by students.
 Determine kinematic data related to various Inversions of double slider
crank mechanism.

Comments /suggestions about team work /leadership/inter-personal communication

(if any)
…………………………………………………………………………………

ROLL NAME OF STUDENT Marks out of 6 Marks out of 4 for Total out of
for performance in
NO. performance in oral/ presentation
10
group activity
107 Mohit Shashikant Wani
108 Aakash Kiran Patil
110 Patil Kiran Pandurang
123 Akshay Suresh Khangre
 WEEKLY PROGRESS REPORT

SR.NO. WEEK ACTIVITY PERFORMED SIGN OF GUIDE DATE

1 Discussion and finalization
of topic 06/04/2021

2 First and Preparation and submission 07/04/2021

of Abstract
3 Second Literature Review 15/04/2021
Week
4 Collection of Data 20/04/2021

5 Collection of Data 22/04/2021

6 Discussion and outline of 28/04/2021

Third Content
and
7 Formulation of Content 05/05/2021
Fourth
8 Week Editing and proof Reading 12/05/2021
of
Content
9 Compilation of Report And 18/05/2021
Presentation
10 Seminar 25/05/2021
Fifth and
11 Sixth Viva voce 25/05/2021

12
Week Final submission of Micro 27/05/2021
Project

Sign of the student Sign of the faculty

 ABSTRACT

Double Crank Slider Mechanism is a demonstration of a simple mechanical system of linkages

and motion chains. It consists of a four-bar chain having two turning and two sliding pairs such
that two pairs of the same kind are adjacent.
The double slider-crank linkage has four links joined in a kinematic chain consisting of two
revolute joints and two sliding joints. In this double slider, one sliding constraint is perpendicular
to the other. Such devices can be used to convert a circular motion of the crank into an exact
sinusoidal motion of the link moving in the fixed linear constraint. They are three important
inversions of double slider crank chain.

1) Elliptical trammel
2) Scotch yoke mechanism
3) Oldham's coupling

In this mini project we have tried to understand how the double slider and crank mechanism and
its inversions work and we have created animations based on that knowledge using solid works.

[1]
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter-1: Introduction ............................................................................................ 03

Chapter-2:
2.1 First Inversion Elliptical Trammel. ..................................................................... 04
2.1.1 Applications of Elliptical Trammel ...................................................................04
2.2 Second Inversion-Scotch Yoke mechanism ........................................................ 04
2.2.1 Applications of Scotch Yoke mechanism .......................................................... 05
2.2.2 Uses of Scotch Yoke in Internal Combustion Engine ........................................ 06
2.3 Third inversion- Oldham's coupling ..................................................................... 06
2.3.1 Applications of Oldham's Coupling .................................................................. 07
Chapter-3: Design and Animation ............................................................................. 08
3.1 Procedure ............................................................................................................08
3.2 Design. ................................................................................................................ 08
3.2.1 Elliptical trammel ............................................................................................ 08
3.2.2 Scotch yoke mechanism .................................................................................. 09
3.2.3 Oldham's coupling ........................................................................................... 10
Conclusion… ........................................................................................................... 11
Reference ................................................................................................................. 12

[2]
 CHAPTER-1
1.1 INTRODUCTION

Double Crank Slider Mechanism is a demonstration of a simple mechanical system of linkages

and motion chains. It consists of a four-bar chain having two turning and two sliding pairs such
that two pairs of the same kind are adjacent.
The double slider-crank linkage has four links joined in a kinematic chain consisting of two
revolute joints and two sliding joints. In this double slider, one sliding constraint is perpendicular
to the other Such devices can be used to convert a circular motion of the crank into an exact
sinusoidal motion of the link moving in the fixed linear constraint They are three important
inversions of double slider crank chain.
1) Elliptical trammel
2) Scotch yoke mechanism
3) Oldham's coupling

Fig. 1.1 Double slider crank mechanism

[3]
 CHAPTER-2
2.1 FIRST INVERSION – ELLIPTICAL TRAMMEL
Elliptical trammel is a drawing tool which is used to draw ellipse. In this mechanism a slotted lever
is used in which two groves are introduced. Both the slider moves along these groves. The
important thing is that these two groves are perpendicular to each other. While slider is in the
groves a connecting rod is used to connect these sliders and make the motion constrained. The
slotted Lever is fixed element in the mechanism.
When the sliders will move along the grooves, every point on the connecting rod will have a locus
of an ellipse. Different points of connecting rod will draw a different ellipse.

Fig. 2.1 Elliptical trammel

2.1.1 APPLICATIONS OF ELLIPTICAL TRAMMEL

 It is use as automatic tool changer mechanism.
 Elliptical trammel are used for drawing ellipse.
 Ellipses were common architectural elements, often use in ceilings, staircases, and
windows, and needed to be rendered accurately in drawing.

2.2 SECOND INVERSION- SCOTCH YOKE MECHANISM

Scotch yoke Mechanism Transforms the rotational motion into a translatory motion.
A rotatory crank is connected with a slider which will move in a slotted Lever. The Other sliding
element is connected with the lever will reciprocate as an output of the mechanism. The Lever and
the slider are connected such that they both are one element i.e. they are fixed together to make a
single element.
The Scotch Yoke (also known as slotted link mechanism is a reciprocating motion mechanism,
converting the linear motion of a slider into rotational motion, or vice versa. The piston or other
reciprocating part is directly coupled to a sliding yoke with a slot that engages a pin on the rotating
part. The location of the piston versus time is a sine wave of constant amplitude, and constant
frequency given a constant rotational speed.

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 Fig. 2.2 Scotch Yoke Mechanism

2.2.1 APPLICATIONS OF SCOTCH YOKE MECHANISM

 This setup is most commonly used in control valve actuators in high-pressure oil and gas
pipelines.
 Although not a common metalworking machine nowadays, crude shapers can use Scotch
yokes. Almost all those use a Whitworth linkage, which gives a slow speed forward cutting
stroke and a faster return.
 It has been used in various internal combustion engines, such as the Bourke engine. SyTech
engine, and many hot air engines and steam engines.
 The term scotch yoke continues to be used when the slot in the yoke is shorter than the
diameter of the circle made by the crank pin. For example, the side rods of a locomotive
may have scotch yokes to permit vertical motion of intermediate driving axles.
 What is essentially a Scotch yoke is used in the Tide-Predicting Machine No. 2 to generate
a sinusoidal motion (Sine functions).

Fig. 2.3 piston water pump with a scotch yoke mechanism

[5]
2.2.2 USES OF SCOTCH YOKE IN INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
Under ideal engineering conditions, force is applied directly in the line of travel of the assembly.
The sinusoidal motion, cosinusoidal velocity, and sinusoidal acceleration (assuming constant
angular velocity) result in smoother operation. The higher percentage of time spent at top dead
Centre (dwell) improves theoretical engine efficiency of constant volume combustion cycles. It
allows the elimination of joints typically served by a wrist pin, and near elimination of piston skirts
and cylinder scuffing, as side loading of piston due to sine of connecting rod angle is mitigated.
The longer the distance between the piston and the yoke, the less wear that occurs, but greater the
inertia, making such increases in the piston rod length realistically only suitable for lower RPM
(but higher torque) applications.
The Scotch yoke is not used in most internal combustion engines because of the rapid wear of the
slot in the yoke caused by sliding friction and high contact pressures [citation needed]. This is
mitigated by a sliding block between the crank and the slot in the piston rod. Also, increased heat
loss during combustion due to extended dwell at top dead centre offsets any constant volume
combustion improvements in real engines. In an engine application, less percent of the time is
spent at bottom dead centre when compared to a conventional piston and crankshaft mechanism,
which reduces blowdown time for two-stroke engines. Experiments have shown that extended
dwell time does not work well with constant volume combustion Otto cycle engines. Gains might
be more apparent in Otto cycle engines using a stratified direct injection (diesel or similar) cycle
to reduce heat losses.

2.3 THIRD INVERSION - OLDHAM'S COUPLING

Oldham's coupling is a mechanism to transform rotational motion from one shaft to another. These
two shafts will not have the common axis but their axes will have slight difference between them
and are When one shaft rotates the other parallel will rotate to each other. with the same RPM.
The flanges are incorporated at the ends of the shaft to provide coupling. These flanges are brought
together to make a joint between the flanges a circular disc is introduced. This disk has slots that
are fit into the flanges to provide joint. The input shaft will transfer the rotational motion to circular
disc throw flange then the disk will transfer that to another flange to rotate the other shaft as output.

Fig. 2.4 Oldham’s coupling

[6]
2.3.1 APPLICATIONS OF OLDHAM'S COUPLING

 These components can accommodate parallel misalignment and act as a mechanical fuse
in industrial machinery.
 The Applications of Oldham Coupling are mainly for robotics machinery and office
equipment such as a printer and copy machines.
 The Oldham coupling has key features of promoting a light bearing load. It also stops
transmission of power during overload and reduces the risk of damage to expensive
machinery components. Furthermore, the Oldham coupling is a three piece design that
comprised of two anodized aluminum hubs and a torque transmission center disk. This is
an indispensable element in industrial machines.

[7]
 CHAPTER-3

DESIGN AND ANIMATION

3.1 PROCEDURE
 All the required parts for the mechanisms are sketched.
 Solidworks 2018 software was used for the design of all the 3 mechanisms.
 Design of each component is done separately, and is assembled on Solidworks.
 Necessary constraints are imposed on the parts wherever required.
 Basic motion analysis is used for creating the animation at suitable rpm, and is exported
to video format.

3.2 DESIGN
3.2.1 ELLIPTICAL TRAMMEL
Various parts:
1. Square Slotted Base (Fixed)
2. Two Sliders
3. Connecting Rod

Fig 3.1 Parts of Elliptical Trammel

Fig 3.2 Assembly of Elliptical Trammel

[8]
3.2.2 SCOTCH YOKE MECHANISM

Various parts:
1. Sliding Yoke
2. Connecting rod
3. Crank
4. Pin

Fig. 3.3 Parts of Scotch yoke Mechanism

Fig. 3.4 Assembly of Scotch Yoke Mechanism

[9]
3.2.3 OLDHAM'S COUPLING

Various parts:
1. Driving shaft
2. Driven Shaft
3. Center disc

Fig. 3.5 Parts of Oldham’s Coupling

Fig. 3.6 Assembly of Oldham’s coupling

[10]
 CONCLUSION

Through this project, we were successfully able to design and animate the movements of the double
slider crank mechanism and its inversions.
We infer that Double slider and crank mechanism is used in many types of engines especially in
internal combustions engines, and reciprocating engines. Proper design must be carried out. else
failure of the parts will occur. In actual making of the model, material is used according to the kind
of load. For high duty high carbon steel is used and for low duty cast iron is used. Proper
adjustment is carried to between the piston and cylinder side wall in order to avoid striking, and
for long life of machine. Size of crank is taken according to the desired rpm, and size of connecting
rod is taken according to the crank. Thus, calculations must be precise and accurate in order to
obtain an effective mechanism.

[11]
 REFERENCES

 THEORY OF MACHINES- Vinod Thombare Patil

Apeksha Thombare Patil

 https://www.scribd.com/document/453309820/Report-Double-Slider-Crank-Mechanism-
s-inversions

 https://www.solidworks.com/

 http://www.mechanicalwalkins.com/inversion-of-double-slider-crank-chain/

 "The SyTech Scotch Yoke Engine". AutoSpeed. Retrieved 2008-07-08.

 General Construction, Baldwin Gasoline Industrial Locomotives Baldwin Locomotive

Works Record, No. 74, 1913: pages 7-9. The use of the scotch yoke is explained page 8.

 Bourke Engine Documentary, Published 1968. p50, "Appraising Engine Efficiency" para2

 Norman W. Storer, Electric Locomotive, U.S. Patent 991,038, granted May 2, 1911. The
use of the scotch yoke is discussed on page 2 of the text.

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