A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE ON BEHAVIOURAL

PROBLEMS AMONG MOTHERS OF UNDER FIVE CHILDREN AT A

SELECTED RURAL AREA ,COIMBATORE.

PROJECT REPORT

SUBMITTED AS PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE

BACHELOR DEGREE OF SCIENCE NURSING AFFILIATED TO THE

TAMILNADU DR. MGR MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI.

DECEMBER 2021
 A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE REGARDING
BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEMS AMONG MOTHERS OF UNDER FIVE
CHILDREN AT SELECTED RURAL AREA, COIMBATORE.

SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL……………
DR.P.MUTHU LAKSHMI. PHD IN NURSING
PRINCIPAL
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF NURSING
COIMBATORE
SIGNATURE OF RESARCH GUIDE……….
PROF.L.PARIMALA DEVI M.Sc (N)
HOD OF CHILD HEALTH NURSING DEPARTMENT
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF NURSING
COIMBATORE
SIGNATURE OF CO-ORDINATOR…………
MRS.SALOMI VIOLET M.Sc (N)
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF NURSING
COIMBATORE

PROJECT REPORT

SUBMITTED AS PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE

BACHELOR DEGREE OF SCIENCE NURSING AFFILIATED TO THE

TAMILNADU DR. MGR MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHENNAI.

DECEMBER 2021
 A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE ON BEHAVIOURAL
PROBLEMS AMONG MOTHERS OF UNDER FIVE CHILDREN AT
SELECTED RURAL AREA, COIMBATORE.

PRESENTED BY;

MS. ADLIN JENISHA. I

MS. ANANTHI.A
MS. ANITHA.M
MS. ANJUMOL BIJU
MS. AZHAGU DEVI. K
MS. BUVANESWARI. V
MS. CHITRA DEVI. C

PROJECT REPORTSUBMITTED AS PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENT FOR THE BACHELOR DEGREE OF SCIENCE NURSING
AFFILIATED TO THE TAMILNADU DR. MGR MEDICAL
UNIVERSITY,CHENNAI.

DECEMBER 2021

COLLEGE SEAL:

DR. P.MUTHU LAKSHMI PHD IN NURSING

PRINCIPAL
KONGUNADU COLLEGE OF NURSING
COIMBATORE, TAMIL NADU
DEDICATION
 WE
GRATEFULLY AND SINCERELY
DEDICATE THIS STUDY
TO
OUR FACULTIES,
FAMILY MEMBERS
AND
CASSANDRA
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We praise God Almighty who has been our source of strength in every step of our life and
his abundant grace and enriched blessings to undertake this study. We thank for giving us the
courage to complete the study successfully.

There are number of people to whom we would like to express our sincere thanks for
their assistance, support and guidance, without which we would never have completed this
endeavour. Their precious time, energy, experience and suggestions were a source of
inspiration and sustenance.

We would like to express my earnest thanks and immense gratitude to our Honorable
Managing Trustee, Dr. P. Raju M.S, Kongunadu College of Nursing and Managing
Director of Kongunadu Hospital Pvt. Ltd, for all his blessings, encouragement and dedication
for academic excellence and providing us an opportunity to undertake the course in this
College of Nursing.

We offer our sincere appreciation and gratitude, to our beloved principal Dr.P.
Muthulakshmi Ph.D in.Nursing, Kongunadu College of Nursing, Coimbatore for the
invariable help, insisting support and patronage in the Nursing research that helped me to
accomplish this study.

We extend my gratefulness to our Administrative Officer, Mr. Emerald Ponniyen

Selvan, MBA, PGMT, DCA, for his genuine concern and constructive suggestion.

We convey our sincere thanks to our guide, Mrs. L. PARIMALA DEVI M.sc.(N)
HOD, Child Health Nursing, Kongunadu College of Nursing, for her valuable suggestion and
guidance to carry out our thesis work successfully. We consider this as a great honor and
previlage to have completed this study under her guidance.

We are delighted to convey our thanks to the librarian Mrs. Nithya for her helping
hands in providing all needed literature to complete this research study .

We also express to convey our thanks to the under five children and their parents for
their co-operation in providing the required data for the study.
 We are extremely thankful to all the faculty members of Kongunadu College of
Nursing for their timely help and support for completing this study.

We are dedicating this dissertation to our beloved loving parents and sisters for
their valuable and constant encouragement, concern, patience, sacrifice, and fruitful prayers
for the successful completion of this dissertation.

We honestly express our thanks to our classmates, seniors and friends for rending
in various ways to fulfil our research work.

We would like to express our thanks to The Multi Service Centre, for their excellent
and untiring effort in materialization of my dissertation work.
TABLE OF CONTENT
 TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER CONTENT PAGE

NUMBER NUMBER
I INTRODUCTION 1-13
 Need for the study
 Statement of the problem
 Objectives
 Operational definition
 Assumption
 Limitations
 Hypothesis
 Projected outcome

II REVIEW OF LITERATURE
III METHODOLOGY
 Research approach
 Research design
 Research variables
 setting of the study
 Population
 Sample
 Sampling technique
 Sample size
 Sampling criteria
 Research tool
 Description of the tool
 Ethical consideration
 Content validity
 Data collection procedure
 Schematic representation

IV DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

V DISCUSSION, SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATION
VI BIBLIOGRAPHY
VII ANNEXURES
LIST OF TABLE
 LIST OF TABLE

TABLE TITLE PAGE

NUMBE NUMBER
R

4.1  Percentage distribution of sample according to their

Demographic variables

4.2  Frequency and percentage distribution of sample

according to their level of knowledge.

4.3  Mean standard deviation value on level of

knowledge among samples.

4.4  Association between the level of knowledge

regarding behavioral problem among samples and
their selected demographic variables.
LIST OF FIGURE
 LIST OF FIGURE

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

NUMBER NUMBER
Conceptual frame work based on modifies Rosen
1.1 stock’s health belief model (1990)

3.1 Schematic representation of Research

Methodology

4.1.1 Distribution of samples according to their age

4.1.2 Distribution of sample according to their

education status of mother

4.1.3 Distribution of sample according to their

occupation of mother

4.1.4 Distribution of samples according to their religion

4.1.5 Distribution of samples according to their type of

family income

4.1.6 Distribution of samples according to their type of

family

4.1.7 Distribution of samples according to the number

of children in the family

4.1.8 Distribution of sample according to their primary

source of information
LIST OF ANNEXURES
 LIST OF ANNEXURES

ANNEXURES TITLE PAGE

NO

A Letter seek permission to conduct a study

B Letter granting permission to conduct a study

C Tool for data collection

ABSTRACT
 ABSTRACT
A descriptive study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge on selected behavioural
problems among mothers of under five children at poochiyur, Coimbatore. 30 samples were
selected by using convenient sampling technique. A demographic proforma and structured
interview schedule was used to collect data based on the study objectives. The collected data
were analysed by using descriptive statistics.

Among 30 samples, one third of the samples were in the age group of < 25 years, whereas
majority of the samples were in the age group of 26-36 years, however least percentage of the
samples were in the age group of 36-40 years and > 41 years. Least percentage of the samples
were illiterate, majority of samples had primary education, secondary education and graduate.
Majority of the samples were house wife, nearly one third of the samples were daily wages,
least percentage of the samples were government and private employee. Majority of the
samples were Hindu, were as remaining of the samples were Christians and Muslims. Nearly
one third of the samples were earning family monthly income between 5001- 10,000 ,
majority of the samples were earning family monthly income between 10,001-15,000 and
remaining samples were earning family monthly income >15,001 . Majority of the samples
were belongs to nuclear family, least number of samples were belongs to joint family and
extended family. One third of the samples were having one child, majority of the samples
were having two children and least number of the samples were having three and above
children in their family. Majority of the samples gain knowledge regarding behavioural
problem from mass media, whereas least number of samples gain knowledge from relatives
and health education. According to the level of knowledge on behavioural problems among
mothers of under five children, majority 16(53%) of the samples had moderately adequate
knowledge and nearly one third 9(30%) of the samples had adequate knowledge and least
5(17%) number of samples had inadequate knowledge. Significant association found between
the level of knowledge on behavioural problems among samples and education number of
children in the family except for the other demographic variables.
INTRODUCTION
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Today’s children are the citizens of tomorrow .They deserve to inherit a safer and
healthier world .As the children are the are the treasure of a nation, there is no task more
important than safeguarding their life.

It is said that good is closet of children because their hearts and minds are so
pure .The greatest promise that can be promise that can be given to a child by a nation largely
depends upon the health of its children.

Children are one of the most valuable groups of society. Economic, social, political
and environment changes in society have maximum impact on children. Their development
and wellbeing is influenced by a variety of factors including economic condition of family,
educational status of parents, especially the mother, availability of education

Children are the “nation separately important asset” to the family and social. Child is
precious gift which has a lot of potential with one which has a lot of potential with one which
can be the best resource for the nation if developed and utilized well.

PanditJawaharalal Nehru believed that children must be provided with love and care as the
future of a nation lies in their hands.

According to K .Park (2005), children below five years of age group are known as
the under five. According to census of 2013 children in the age group of 0-5 years constitutes
13% of the total population that is nearly about 150 million children in India

According to Dorthy R Marlow (1998) The under five children are vulnerable or
special risk group in any population deserving special health care because of their immaturity
the various stage of growth and development. The under five children are more prone to
acquire some infestation which is not seen in adult.

WHO (1947) state that health is state of complete physical, mental, social well being
not merely the absence of disease or infinity .Each person has a personal concept of health.

1
 Under five children mortality rate increase due to presented neonatal tetanus,
congenital abnormality , injury, drowning ,birth asphyxia ,birth injury , measles ,respiratory
infection, diarrhoea, malnutrition etc .Behavioural problem also one of the causes for under
five children mortality.

According to Bimala Kapoor (1996 )behaviour means all the convert and overt activities of
human beings that can be observed behaviours may be classified as cognitive, affective and
psychomotor ,cognitive refer to knowing effective refers to feeling and psychomotor relates
to doing.

k.PNeeraja (2000) state that Behavioural problems can be more challenging than attendance
or performance problems with these types of problem a gradual or progressive process to get
improvement can be successful .The emotional environment of a young child consist of an
entire relationship of the child with their parents and family members .Behavioural problem
are less common when the child is loved ,accepted and who is living in favourable
environments condition .

Behavioural problems are the relations and clinical manifestations which are resulting
due to emotional disturbances or environment maladjustments .The term behavioural cover
range of work place issues , including the emotional appearance of hygiene problems ,
insubordinations verbal abuse , physical abuse or violence.

Danger sign of behavioural disorders inc lude

Saraswathi K .N

 Harming or threatening themselves ,other people

 Damaging or destroying property
 Lying or stealing
 Not doing well in school , slipping school

According to Bimalakapoor(2000) The main behavioural problems in children are

thumb sucking , nail biting ,sleepwalking , temper tantrum , attention deficit hyperactivity
disorders, ecopresis , enuresis ,nightmares , night terrors ,antisocial personality etc.. one can
notice be behaviour like this beginning around the child first year it may happen more and
more before the second year. At this age, most children do not yet have good language skills.

2
 Normal children are healthy, happy and well adjusted. This adjustment is developed
by providing basic emotional needs along with physical and psychological needs for their
mental wellbeing. The children are depend on their parents. So parents are responsible for the
fulfilment of the needs. Every child should have tender loving care are sense of security about
protection from parents and family members .they should have opportunity for development
of independence ,trust ,confidence and self respect .parents should be aware achievements of
their and express acceptance of positive attitude within the social norms.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

According to the world health report 15% of the children have a serious emotional
disturbance .Epidemiological studies of child and adolescent psychiatric disorder conducted
by ICMR indicate the overall prevalence of mental and behavioural disorder in Indian
children to be 12.5% .Mental disorder account for 5 of the top leading cause of disability in
the world for children above 5year of age .Bedside the increase in the number of children
seeking help for emotional problem , over the year the type of problem has also undergone a
tremendous change

According to American psychiatric association (1994), Behavioural and emotional

problems in children can cause significant difficulties in children’s healthy development .For
many children they are also predictive of long-term antisocial behavioural and mental health
problems. Some children slow symptom that are consistent with diagnosis of anxiety,
depression oppositional defiant disorder ,attention deficit disorder and conduct disorder

Robbinowits (2011) state that as well as causing significant distress for children and families
during their childhood, children with emotional and behavioural problem face an increased
risk of low self esteem relationship problem with family members, academic difficulties ,
early school learning , adolescent homelessness , the development of substance abuse issue
and criminality .A child’s personality is considerably influenced by the character and conduct
of their parents . survey reveal that the parents are often more concerned about their
behavioural than that about their physical well being .

Benedict (2015) state that normal behaviour in children depends on the child‘s age ,
personality and physical and emotional development .A child ‘s behaviour may be problem if
it doesn’t match the expectations of the family or if it is disruptive .The normal or good
behaviour is usually determined by whether it is socially culturally and development

3
appropriate .Knowing what to expect from the child at each will help to decide whether his or
her behaviour is normal.

David(2016) stated that behavioural problems commonly occur during childhood .It is
defined as thoughts or feeling which differ quantitatively from the normal and as a result of
this difference the child is either suffering significantly or development is being significantly
impaired.

All children misbehave sometime but behavioural disorder go beyond mischief

and rebellion .Warning sign can include harming or threatening ,other peoples or pets
damaging or destroying properly , lying or stealing not doing well in school, ealy
smoking ,drinking or drug use and frequent tantrums and arguments .

Jauoby 2016 conducted a study in Ethiopia and revealed that the prevalence of
childhood behavioural problems is 17.7% Behaviour problem is found to be ,more common
in boys than in girls .The prevalence increases with age .

(Puri 2013) state that the level of the emotional disorder in children has been
found to be 2.5/ which increase in large town and cities and in adolescences.

NEED FOR STUDY

Mental health of a child is basic importance to gain the ability to live

harmoniously in this changing environment .child’s health is the corner stone of Nations
International emergency fund has given great attention to the concept of the whole child
which means it is essential to promote their health , as they are the vulnerable segment of the
society .

Early childhood regulatory disorder account for the most common behavioural
abnormalities of the infant and young child that result from regulatory problems associated
with age specific adaptation and development task .increasing empirical evidence indicates
that these problem need to receive full attention .It left to themselves ,such disorder impair
the early parent-child relationship and increase the risk of disturbance later on in life .

In the studies conducted over the last fifty year, prevalence rate of behaviour
problems varied from 5%-51% .In the Indian studies prevalence rate varied from 13 per

4
thousand to 431 per thousand .Analysis at paediatric outpatient department revealed
behaviour problem the range of 3.36% to 50% . Single parenting and violence have been
associated with increased behavioural problems in children .The prevalence of kleptomania in
the unit states general population is unknown but been estimated at 6per 100 people that
approximately 1.2 million of the 200 million American children rural and urban areas of
different parts of India suggest prevalence of behaviour disorder ranges from 1.6% - 41.3% .

A study was conducted on brief functional analysis and treatment of tantrums

associated with transitions in preschool children .A brief functional analysis was used to
examine the influence of transmission of chances activities and initiation of post change
activities on tantrums exhibited by 2 preschool children. For a 1st participant tantrums were
maintained by access to certain activities .For a 2nd participant tantrum were maintained by
avoidance of certain task initiation .Although advance notice of an upcoming transiton was
ineffective , differential reinforcement of other behaviour plus extinction reduced tantrums
for both participants.

Needlman reported that temper tantrum one behavioural problem occur once a
week or more in 50% to 80% preschooler children who tantrum have tantrum of sufficient
frequency severity and duration to cause parental concern .He suggest that one or more
temper tantrum a week is a normal occurrence in 50%-80 of preschool children when the

frequency is considered outside the realm of typical development and if frequent tantrum are
the child’s only response to the people ,place and things in the child’s environment ,there is
cause for concern.

According to Indian council of medical research 2009, overall prevalence of

mental and behavioural disorder in Indian children to be 12.5%.Studies conducted in mother
have a vital role in moulding the behaviour of the children by identifying negativism and
behavioural problem .the positive reinforcement will eliminate the behavioural problems like
kleptomania . Overall child’s self esteem could create ambitions in their mind for future
academic success.

From the above statistical information and reviews researcher understand these
behavioural problems are potentially serious but treatable disease .It is in this contest , the
importance of a mothers become vital in safeguarding and promoting the mental health of
children and early identification of deviation from normal the trained mothers can manage

5
and prevent behavioural problem of under five children by reinforcement to a certain extent if
they get adequate and sufficient knowledge regarding reinforcement for behavioural
problems among under five children

So the investigator felt that mothers have adequate knowledge regarding various
aspects of children’s behavioural problems .So the investigator decides to conduct a study on
knowledge regarding the behavioural problems among mothers of under-five children.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A study to assess the knowledge on common behavioural problems of children

among mothers of under-five children at selected rural area ,Coimbatore .

OBJECTIVES

 To assess the level of knowledge on common behavioural problems of children

among mother’s of under five children .
 To determine the association between the levels of knowledge on common
behavioural problems of children among mother’s of under five children and their
selected demographic variables.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

KNOWLEDGE

Knowledge is the awareness of mother’s of under five children regarding causes, types,
sign and symptoms, management and prevention of common behavioural problems of
children which is assessed by structured interview schedule and its score.

BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEMS

In this study behavioural problems means abnormal development characteristics of

children which includes temper tantrum, breath holding spell thumb sucking nail biting,
enuresis, tics , stuttering or stammering ,delayed speech and attention deficit hyperactivity
disorder.

6
MOTHERS OF UNDERFIVE CHILDREN

In this study it refer to the women are having children between 1-5 years of age
both male and female.

ASSUMPTONS

Mother’s of under-five children may have inadequate on common behavioural

problems of children.

Knowledge may be influenced by demographic variables like age, education, occupation,

monthly income, type of family, place of residence, number of children and source of
information.

HYPOTHESIS

H1: There will be significant association between the level of knowledge on common
behavioural problems of children among mother’s of under five children and their selected
demographic variables.

DELIMITATION

 The study is limited to mother’s of under five children.

 The sample size is 30.

PROJECTED OUTCOME

The study will help to identify the level of knowledge on common behavioural
problems of children among mother’s of under five children.

CONCEPTUAL FRAME WORK

A conceptual framework is the precursor of a theory. It provides broad perspective

for nursing practice, research and education .Their overall purpose is to make scientific
meaningful and generalization.

7
 Conceptual framework is the conceptual underpinnings of a study .It represent an
understanding of the phenomenon of interest an reflect the assumption and philosophical
views of the investigator.

According to Polit and Hungler , a conceptual framework is interrelated concepts on

abstractions that are assembled together in some rational scheme by virtue of their relevance
to a common theme .it is a device that helps to stimulate research and the extension of
knowledge by providing with direction with direction and impetus.

The conceptual framework for the study is based on the health belief model. This is
the most popular model among the models for health education.

Reason stock health belief model addresses the relationship between person’s belief
and behaviour .It is designed to predict which people would and which would not use
preventive that might reduce their reluctance.

It is a way of understanding and predicting how the person will behave in relation to
their health and how they will comply with health care therapies

This model is based on an person perception of the susceptibility and the benefits of
taking action to prevent the illness. This model helps the nurse to understand the various
factors including client perception, beliefs and behaviour and to plan the most effective care.

The investigator identified that this model is suitable for the study .the model is divided
into three major component individual’s perception modifying factors and variables affecting
the initiating action.

INDIVIDUAL PERCEPTIONS

All the mother’s are interested in the health of their children. Mothers perceive the
susceptibility to disease and seriousness of disease combine to from his or her perceived
thread of an illness .All mother’s are interested in maintaining their child optimum
health .Their perception regarding their child susceptibility to common behavioural problems
and its complication, affected their perceptions about threat of the common behavioural
problem.

MODIFYING FACTORS

8
 It includes socio demographic variables of mothers like age, religion, education,
occupation, family income, number of children in the family can contribute to beliefs and
behaviour of the mothers. Other factors include source of information regarding common
behavioural problem.

LIKEHOOD OF ACTION

Mother’s acquire knowledge on prevention of this common behavioural problem and

the measure to be taken if the child is affected with this behavioural problem.

The likelihood that the person will take any action is influenced by the perceived
benefits of the action weighed against the barrier to act, example of barrier are illiteracy , low
socioeconomic background, lack of knowledge regarding prevention of common behavioural
problem.

CUES OF ACTION

Mothers will require enough information regarding the cause, prevention and
management of common behavioural problem .All personnel’s working in the health care
agencies, education, mass media etc, should educate mothers. Teaching pamphlets given by
the investigator will promote the awareness of the mother.

This model is useful in looking at health protecting or disease preventive behaviour. It’s
useful in organizing information about client view of their state of health and what factors
would influence them to change their behaviour .Health education plan can be developed
based on the data gathered from the use of health belief model as an organizing framework
for looking at client status.

9
 s
INDIVIDUAL PERCEPTION MODIFYING FACTORS LIKELIHOOD OF ACTION
BBVPPPPPP PERCEPTBBVPPPPPPPPPPP

Mothers perceived Socio demographic variables of mother like: Age,

susceptibility education, occupation, religion, type of family, number of
Children are prone to children in the family and primary source of information.
behavioral problems due to Structural variables: Knowledge of mother’s regarding
stressor or emotional trauma, common behavioral problems Perceived benefits by mothers:-
family conflict, struggle with Mothers acquire adequate knowledge
poverty knowledge on behavioral problems of
taking recommended
Likelihood ofchildren its treatment and preventive
Perceived seriousness action:- measure.
 Close observation of child
Children are prone to
behavioral problems due to behavior.
Mothers perceived threat to common behavioural problems

10
thread illness of children and its complication. Provide love and affection to the


children.
Encourage the child to practice


correct behavior.
Educate the parents about


Cues of action
Information obtain from booklet regarding behavioural behavioral problems of children.


problems. Teach parents to give more


attention to positive aspect of

Information obtain from neighbours, friends, relatives


child.
and family members Provide reward for corrected


Information from healthcare personnel, doctor, nurse,


behavior.
village health guides.
Information from mass media, radio, magazines


Fig 1.1 Conceptual frame work based on modified Rosen stock’s Health Belief Model (1990)
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Polit and Beck, 2010 .Review of literature is a critical summary of research on a topic of
interest generally prepared to put a research problem is content to identify gaps and weakness
is prior studies so as to justify a new investigation

The researcher presents the review of related literature which helps the studying of
problems in depth. It also serves as a valuable guide to understanding what has been done,
what is still unknown and untested.

Review of literature is a critical summary of research on a topic of interest generally

prepared to put a research problem is content to identify gaps and weakness is prior studies so
as to justify a new investigation

Anet joy,Jismi jigu ,leema Thomas2021. Conducted a quantitative study to assess

the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding behavioural
problems of children among mothers in selected rural areas at kollam. 50 mothers were
selected by using convenience sampling technique .All participants were given a structured
questionnaire regarding behavioural problem of children. After conducting the pre test, The
researcher provided structured teaching programme for a period of 40 minutes .After post
stest was conducted using the same research tool. The calculated t value (t = 17.35) is greater
than table valve. The researcher concluded that structured teaching programme is effective in
increasing the knowledge of mothers regarding behavioural problems of children .

Tushar S Kedar (2021) conducted a comparative study to assess the knowledge

of mothers regarding behavioural problems of school going children in selected urban rural
areas at Solapur. 120 mothers were selected by using simple random sampling technique. The
finding revealed that in rural area more than half of the total subjects were 35(58.33%) had
average knowledge, 24(40%) of the mothers had low knowledge, and only 01(1.67%) of
mothers had high knowledge. In urban area more than half of the total subjects 39(65%) of
mothers had average knowledge 14(23.33%) of mothers had low knowledge 07(11.67%) of
mothers had high knowledge. The researcher concluded that urban mothers are having higher

11
percentage of knowledge when compared to rural mothers. It may be because of education
and exposure to health awareness of campaigns.

Nithika and Tanjinder Kaur (2020) conducted a descriptive study to assess the
knowledge regarding behavioural problems and its management among mothers of preschool
children in selected areas at Hisar with the view of develop information booklet. 100 mothers
of preschool children were selected by using convenient sampling technique. The finding
revealed that the tabled x2 value for 2,3 and 4 degree of freedom were 5.99,7.82 and 9.49 at
p<0.05 level of significance. The mean knowledge score was 10.56 and SD is 3.8. The
researcher concluded that there was an requirement to develop information booklet for
mothers regarding behavioural problems of school children.

Jaya John Varghese (2019) conducted a study to assess the knowledge among
mothers of under five children regarding selected behavioural problems at Pune city. About
100 mothers were selected by using non probability purposive sampling. All participants
were given a questionnaire on behavioural problems. The finding revealed knowledge score
of 100 mothers is 45.1% had average knowledge regarding behavioural problems. Common
behavioural problems the mothers scored 54.50%, thumb sucking 27% , nail biting 47.33%
and tics 48.33%, pica 49% and temper tantrum 48.33%. The researcher concluded that there
is an association between knowledge and age of the mother , type of family and monthly
income. And no association seen between knowledge and age of the mother , type of family
and monthly income.

T.Senthil Thirusangu , V.Janaki (2019) conducted a descriptive study to assess

the knowledge regarding behavioural problems of school children among school teachers
with a view to develop an informational module in selected schools at Chhattarpuir. 60
school teachers were selected by using purposive sampling technique. The finding revealed
that 15(25%) of school teachers having moderately adequate knowledge and 45(75%) of
them have inadequate knowledge and non of the school teachers had adequate knowledge on
behavioural problems of school children. The researcher concluded that knowledge of school
teachers on behavioural problem were poor, so there is a need to improve the knowledge.

Poonam Kumari , Jeen Mexina Settipalle, Amiteshwar kaur (2018)

conducted a descriptive study to assess the behavioural problems among preschool children at
selected Anganwadi centers of Punjab. To assess the behavioural problems of preschool
children (3-6) years as expressed by mothers using Modified Jacqueline McGuire and Naomi

12
Richman preschool behaviour checklist. The finding revealed that 21% of subjects had
behaviour problem and 79% of subjects had no behaviour problem. Behaviour problem were
significantly associated with number of children in the family , no association was found with
age, sex, religion, type of family, sibling order, residence and income of family.

Shaijo KJ Robin Abraham (2018) conducted a non experimental descriptive

study to assess the knowledge of mothers of under five children on behavioural problems
with the view of develop an information booklet at Bharuch. The tool is divided into two
sections to obtain response from samples. Datagathering process was done by using non
probability convenient sampling method. The finding revealed that 25(83.33%) mothers had
moderate knowledge and 5(16.66%) of mothers had inadequate knowledge. There is no
significant association between knowledge and demographic variable. The researcher
concluded that mothers knowledge is inadequate and knowledge of behavioural problem in
mothers can be improved by distributing information booklet.

Fransis Moses, Manivannan and Srinivasa Gopalan (2017) conducted a

cross sectional descriptive study to assess the knowledge regarding behavioural problems of
school children among mothers at Thanjavur. 100 mothers were selected by using purposive
sampling technique. All participants were given a questionnaire on behavioural problems
administered 10 minutes to complete. The finding revealed that knowledge of mother shows
that 61% of mothers had inadequate knowledge, 2% of mother had adequate knowledge on
behavioural problems. The researcher concluded that mothers are having very poor
knowledge on behavioural problems. The study finding recommended that significance of
behavioural deviation of a need to educate mothers on behavioural problems of children.

Sandeep Garg, Arpan Pandyan, Ravindra H.N. (2017) conducted a study to

assess effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding selected
common behavioural problems of children among primary school teachers at Vdodara. 60
primary school teachers were selected by using convenient sampling technique. The finding
revealed that pre test, primary school teachers were having on average 49.40% knowledge
regarding selected common behavioural problems of children. T calculated value is (t=
33.233) which is more than the tabulated value of 2.00 at 0.05 level of significance. The
researcher concluded that structured teaching programme is effective tools to improve the
knowledge of primary school teachers regarding selected common behavioural problems of
children.

13
 T.K.Ajesh,S.Manpreet ,K.Puneet (2015) conducted a experimental study to
evaluate the effectiveness of planned teaching program regarding behavioural problems of
preschoolers in terms of attitude of mothers in selected rural areas at Haryana. Total sample
of the study was 34 mothers. A 26 items and 5 point likert scale was developed after detailed
literature search to focus on attitude of mothers regarding behavioural problems of
preschoolers. The mean post – test attitude score (98.02) was higher than the mean pre-test
attitude score (95.73). The t value (t=2.86) at 0.05 level of significance indicated a significant
difference between the pre-test attitude scores and post –test attitude score was true
difference and not by difference and not by chance. The researcher conclude planned
teaching programme regarding behavioural problems of preschoolers was effective method
for developing favourable attitude regarding behavioural problems among preschoolers.

Sharma & kaur (2014) conducted a quasi – experimental study in Ludhiana to

assess the effect of structured teaching programme on knowledge of mothers regarding
behavioural problems in children. Sample of 60 members were choosen by purposive
sampling technique 30 members were kept in experimental group and 30 in control group .
Findings revealed that majority of mothers (50%) in both control and experimental group had
average pre-test knowledge regarding behavioural problems in children. Maximum mothers
(66.66) obtained below average post-test knowledge score in control group whereas maxi-
mum mothers (93.33%) obtained excellent post-test knowledge score in experimental group.
Education and type of family were found to be significantly related with knowledge of
mothers regarding behavioural problems in children.

14
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology is the overall plan for addressing the research problem. It covers
multiple aspects of the study ’s structure .It acts as a guide for planning , implementation and
analysis of the study .It includes the descriptions of the research approaches ,research
design ,dependent and independent variables ,sampling design ,sampling criteria ,description
of the tool ,pilot study and a planned format for data collection and a plan for data analysis.

Polit and hungler,2004 The research methodology involves systematic procedure

which the researcher starts from initial identification of the problem to its final
conclusion .The role of the methodology consists of procedure and techniques for conducting
study.

This chapter deals with the methodological approach of the study. The purpose of the
present study is to assess the knowledge regarding common behavioural problems among
mothers of under five children at a poochiyur rural area,Coimbatore.

RESEARCH APPROCH;

According to celiia. E. Willis, 2004 states the researchers approach tells the researcher
from whom the data is to be collected, how to collect it and how to analyze them. It also
suggest possible conclusions and help the researcher in answering the questions in the most
accurate and efficient way.

The research approach used for the study was descriptive in nature.

RESEARCH DESIGN;

According to Nancy Burns 2005 Research design is a blue print to conduct a study that
maximizes control over factors that could interfere with the validity of the findings.

The research design used for the study was descriptive, non-experimental in nature
objective of assessing the knowledge of mothers regarding common behavioural problems
among mother’s of under five children.

15
SETTING OF THE STUDY;

According to polit and Hungler 2004, setting is the physical location and condition in
which data collecting takes place.

Selection of the area for the study is one of the essential steps in the research process.
The selection of the community for the present study is on the basis of ;

 Availability of subjects.
 Feasibility of conduction the study.
 Economic of time and money.

The study was conducted at poochiyur rural area, Coimbatore, which is located 4km
from kongunadu college of Nursing. The total population of this rural area is 35,000.

POULATION;-

According to polit and and hungler 2004, Population is defined as the entire aggregation
of cases that meet a designated set of criteria.

The population for the present study was mother’s of under five children.

SAMPLE AND SAMPLING;-

SAMPLE;-

Sample is the subset of the population selected to participate in a research study.

In this study the sample comprised of mother’s of under children at poochiyur rural area who
fulfilled inclusion criteria.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:-

According to poilt and Hungler 1999. The sampling technique is the process of
the population to represent the entire population.

Convenience sampling technique was used to select the samples for the present study.

SAMPLE SIZE:-

30 samples at poochiyur rural area.

16
 CRITERIA FOR SAMPLE SELECTION

INCIUSION CRITERIA:-

o Multipara mothers having under five children.

o Mothers who gave consent for the study.
o Mother’s of under five children are willing to participate in the study.
o Who are available at the time of data collection

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:-

o Mothers those who are mentally challenged

.

METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION:-

TOOL:-

The tool developed after extensive review of literature, internet sources and
discussion with express. In this study consist of structured interview schedule was considered
to be structured interview schedule was considered to be the most appropriate instrument to
elicit the responses from the mothers of under five children

DESCRIPTION OF THE TOOL:-

The instrument used in this study consists of the following sections.

SECTION A:- DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF MOTHRS OF UNDER FIVE

CHILDREN’S

This section consists of 9 items which seek information regarding demographic data
such as age, education, monthly income, type of family, number of children in the family and
previous source of information.

17
SELECTION B:- ASSESSMENT OF LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ON COMMON
PROBLEM:-

This section consists of 30 multiple choice questions, each corrected response carry
score one. Total score 30.

SCORE INTERPRETATION

S.N LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE SCORE

O
1 Inadequate knowledge 1-10
2 Moderately adequate knowledge 11-20
3 Adequate knowledge 21-30

ETHICAL CONSIDERATION:-

Prior formal permission was obtained from the medical director of the rural health
centre, Coimbatore. Verbal conducted the study and assurance was given for the
confidentiality of the information given by the sample.

CONTENT VALIDITY:-

According to polit and Hungler 2013 validity refers to the degree to which
instrument measures what it is supposed to measures.

The experts in the field of paediatric nursing examined the relevancy and accuracy of
items. Based on the expert opinion of the tool was modified.

DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE:-

Prior to the data collection formal permission was obtained from the medical officer
of Primary health centre Coimbatore to visit the area and to conduct the study. Data was
collected during the month of the purpose of study was explained to the samples in the
introductory session. The data was collected through structured interview schedule.

PLAN FOR DATA ANALYSIS:-

18
 The data obtained were analyzed in term of objectives of the study using descriptive
and inferential statistics. The plan for the data analysis was as follows:

 Data was organized in master sheet

 Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) was used to
analyse assessment of level of knowledge among mother of under-five children.
 Chi square test was used to find out the association between the level of knowledge
on common behavioural problems among mothers of under five-children and their
selected demographic variables.

SUMMARY

This chapter includes description of research approach, research design, study

setting, population, sample and sampling technique, selection criteria, selection and
development of the to all, content validity and reliability, data collection procedure and plan
for data analysis

19
SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

DESCRIPTIVE APPROACH

NON EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN

TARGET POPULATION: Mothers of under five

children

STUDY SETTING: Poochiyur rural area, coimbatore

SAMPLING
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE:
STUDY SAMPLE: Mothe'rs of under five children
SIZE3:30 Convenient
at poochiyur who fullfilled incision criteria
sampling
technique

ASSESSMENT OF LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ON

COMMON BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEMS AMONG
MOTHERS OF UNDER FIVE CHILDREN

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

DISSEMINATION OF RESULTS

20
 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER – IV

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION AND DISCUSSION

This chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of the data collected on level
of knowledge on behavioral problems among mother’s of under five children.

Analysis is a method for rendering quantitative, meaningful, intelligible information.

(POLIT AND HUNGLER, 1999)

The data collected through semi-structured interview schedule was analyzed by using
descriptive and inferential statistics, which are necessary to provide a substantive summary of
the research in relation to the objectives.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 To assess the level of knowledge on behavioural problems among mother’s of

under five children.
 To determine the association between the level of knowledge or behavioural
problems among mother’s of under five children and their selected socio
demographic variables.

PRESENTATION OF THE DATA

The data is presented and organized index the following section.

SECTION A

Frequency and percentage distribution of samples according to their demographic

variables.

21
SECTION B

Level of knowledge on behavioural problems among mother’s of under five children.

SECTION C

Association between the level of knowledge on behavioral problems among mother’s

of under five children and their selected demographic variables.

Frequency and distribution of samples according to their demographic

variables

S.NO DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Age of the mother’s
1 a. <25 years 10 33%
b. 26-35 years 14 47%
c. 36-40 years 4 13%
d. >41 years 2 7%

2 Educational status
a. Illiterate 2 7%
b. Primary level 4 13%
c. Secondary level 10 33%
d. Higher secondary level 8 27%
e. Graduate 6 20%

3 Occupational status
a. Government employee 2 7%
b. Private employee 4 13%
c. Daily wages 8

22
 d. Housewife 16 27%
53%
4 Religion
a. Hindu 22 73%
b. Muslim 2 7%
c. Christian 6 20%

5 Monthly income
a. 50001-10,000/- 8 27%
b. 10,001-15,000/- 13 43%
c. >15,001 9 30%

6 Type of family
a. Joint family 12 40%
b. Nuclear family 14 47%
c. Extended family 4 13%

7 Number of children
a. One 10 33%
b. Two 14 47%
c. Three and above 6 20%

8 Primary sources of information

a. Mass media 16 53%
b. Relatives 6 20%
c. Health education 8 27%

23
 SECTION A

PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF SAMPLES ACCORDING

TO THEIR DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

50.00% 47%

45.00%
40.00%
Percentage of sample

33%
35.00%
30.00%
25.00%
20.00%
13%
15.00%
10.00% 7%

5.00%
0.00%
<25years 26-35 years 36-40years <41 years
Age

Figure 4.1.1: Percentage distribution of samples according to their age

The above figure 4.1.1 represent that majority 14(47%) of samples were in the age
group of 26-36 years, one third 10(33%) of the samples were in age group of < 25

24
years ,4(13%) of samples were in the age group of 36-40years.However least percentage
2(7%) of the samples were in the age group of >41years.

33%
35.00%
27%
30.00%
25.00% 20%
percentage of sample

20.00%
13%
15.00%
7%
10.00%
5.00%
0.00%
te el el el te
era l ev lev lev dua
t y y y
Illi ar da
r
da
r
Gr
a
r im n n
P co co
Se r se
e
gh
Hi
Education

Figure 4.1.2:Percentage distribution of samples according to their education

The above figure 4.1.2 shows that majority 10(33%) of the samples had secondary education,
nearly one third 8(27%) of the samples had higher secondary level education,6(20%) of the
samples were graduate, 4(13%) of the samples had primary level education and least
percentage 2(7%) of the samples were illiterate.

25
 60% 53%

50%
percentage of sample

40%

27%
30%

20% 13%
7%
10%

0%
Government private employee daily wages House wife
employee
Occupation

Figure4.1.3: Percentage distribution of sample according to their occupation

The above figure 4.1.3 reveals that majority 16(53%) of the samples were home maker,
4(13%) of the samples were private employee, nearly one third 8(27%)of the samples were
daily wages and least number 2(7%) of the samples were government employee.

26
 80% 73%

70%

60%
percentange of sample

50%

40%

30%
20%
20%
7%
10%

0%
Hindu Muslim Chrisitian

Religion

Figure 4.1.4: Percentage distribution of sample according to their religion

The above figure 4.1.4 shows that majority 22(13%) of the samples were Hindu, where as
6(20%) of them were Christian and least number 2(7%) of the samples were Muslim.

27
 43%
45%

40%

35%
percentage of sample

30%
30% 27%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

0%
500o-10000 10001-15000 >15000

family monthly income

Figure 4.1.5: Percentage distribution of sample according to their family monthly

income

The above figure shows that nearly half 13(43%) of the samples were earning family
monthly income between 10001-15000/-, whereas one third 9(30%) of the samples were
earning family monthly income >15001 and remaining 8(27%) of the samples were earning
family monthly income.

28
 0.5 0.47

0.45 0.4
0.4
Percentage of sample

0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.13
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
Joint family Nuclear family Extended family

Type of family

Figure 4.1.6: Percentage distribution of samples according to their type of

family

The above figure 4.1.6 shows that majority 14(47%) of the sample belong to nuclear family,
where as 12(40%) of the samples belongs to joint family and least number 4(13%) of the
samples belongs to extended family.

29
 0.5 47%

0.45
0.4
33%
Percentage of sample

0.35
0.3
0.25 20%
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
one Two Three and Above

Number of chi;drren

Figure4.1.7: Percentage distribution of samples according to their number of children

The above figure 4.1.7 shows that majority 14(47%) of the samples had two children,
whereas one third 10(33%) of the samples had one child and least number 6(20%) of the
samples had three and above children in their family.

30
 60.00%
53%

50.00%
Percentage of sample

40.00%

27%
30.00%
20%

20.00%

10.00%

0.00%
Mass media Relatives Health education

Primary sources of information

Figure4.1.8: Percentage distribution of sample according to their primary source of

information

The above figure 4.1.8 shows that majority 16(53%) of the samples gained knowledge
from mass media, nearly one third 8(27%) of the samples gained knowledge from health
education and least number 6(20%) of the samples gained knowledge from relatives.

SECTION B

ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF KNOWELEDGE OF

BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEM AMONG MOTHER’S OF UNDERFIVE
CHILDREN

31
 Table 4.2 Frequency and percentage distribution of samples according to their
Level of knowledge

n =30

S.NO LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

(f) (%)
1 Adequate knowledge 5 17%
2 Moderately adequate knowledge 16 53%
3 Inadequate knowledge 9 30%

The data presented in the table 4.2 shows that majority of the samples had moderately
adequate knowledge 16(53%), 9(30%) of the samples had inadequate knowledge, least
number of samples had Adequate knowledge 5(17%)

Table 4.3 Mean, Stand Deviation on level of knowledge among samples

n =30

S.NO KNOWLEDGE MAXIMUM RANGE MEAN STANDARD

SCORE DEVIATION
1 Behavioural problems 30 11-20 15 5.089
Table 4.3 elicits that, the overall mean score on level of knowledge on behavioural
problems shows that 15+ 5.089 with the maximum possible score 30

SECTION C

Association between the level of knowledge on behavioural problems among samples

and their selected Demographic variables.

Table4.4 Association between the level of knowledge on behavioural problems among

samples and their selected demographic variables.
32
 n =30

Sig
S.NO DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES df X2
nifi ca
nt Age 3 14.79 at
p 1 <-
2 Education 4 *2.2

3 Occupation 3 20.6

4 Religion 2 22.4

5 Monthly income 2 1.4

6 Type of family 2 5.6

7 Number of children 2 *2.2

8 Primary source of information 2 5.6

0.05

Significant association found between the level of knowledge on behavioural

problems among samples education and number of children in the family except for the other
demographic variables.H1 was retained for the above mentioned variables.

33
 DISCUSSION, SUMMARY, CONCLUSION,
IMPLICATION AND COMPLICATION

CHAPTER V

DISSCUSSION, SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, IMPLICATIONS AND

COMPLICATION

This study was done to assess the level of knowledge on behavioural problems among
mothers of under five children at poochiyur, Coimbatore.

Distribution of samples according to their demographic variables.

 According to demographic variables majority 14(47%) of samples were in the age

group of 26-36 years, one third 10(33%) of the samples were in age group of < 25
years ,4(13%) of samples were in the age group of 36-40years.However least
percentage 2(7%) of the samples were in the age group of >41years.
 Majority 10(33%) of the samples had secondary education, nearly one third 8(27%) of
the samples had higher secondary level education,6(20%) of the samples were
graduate, 4(13%) of the samples had primary level education and least percentage
2(7%) of the samples were illiterate.
 Majority 16(53%) of the samples were home maker, 4(13%) of the samples were
private employee, nearly one third 8(27%)of the samples were daily wages and least
number 2(7%) of the samples were government employee.
 Majority 22(13%) of the samples were Hindu, where as 6(20%) of them were
Christian and least number 2(7%) of the samples were Muslim.
 Nearly half 13(43%) of the samples were earning family monthly income between
10001-15000/-, whereas one third 9(30%) of the samples were earning family

34
 monthly income >15001 and remaining 8(27%) of the samples were earning family
monthly income.
 Majority 14(47%) of the sample belong to nuclear family, where as 12(40%) of the
samples belongs to joint family and least number 4(13%) of the samples belongs to
extended family.
 Majority 14(47%) of the samples had two children, whereas one third 10(33%) of the
samples had one child and least number 6(20%) of the samples had three and above
children in their family.
 Majority 16(53%) of the samples gained knowledge from mass media, nearly one
third 8(27%) of the samples gained knowledge from health education and least
number 6(20%) of the samples gained knowledge from relatives.

The first objective of the study was to assess the knowledge on behavioural problems
among mothers of under five children.

According to level of knowledge, majority 16(53%) of the samples had moderately

adequate knowledge, nearly one third 9(30%) of the samples had inadequate knowledge
and least number 5(17%)of samples had adequate knowledge.

Francis moses, Manivannan and Srinivasa Goplan(2017) conducted a study to

assess the knowledge regarding behavioural problems of school children among mothers
Thanjavur district. The result of the study revealed that knowledge of mothers shows that
61% of mothers had inadequate knowledge, 37% of mothers had adequate knowledge on
behavioural problem. The researcher conclude that mothers are having very poor
knowledge regarding behavioural problem.

The second objective was to find out the association between the level of knowledge
on behavioural problems among samples and their selected demographic variables.

There was a significant association found between the level of knowledge among
samples and their selected demographic variables such as education and number of
children in family. Hence the H1 was retained for the above mentioned variables. There
was no significant association found between the level of knowledge among samples and
their selected demographic variables such as age, occupation, religion, family income,
type of family and previous source of information, except for the variable education and
35
number of children in family. Hence the H1 was rejected for the above mentioned
variables.

IMPLICATION

The findings of the study have the following implication in the various areas of
Nursing practice, Nursing education, Nursing administration and Nursing Research.

NURSING PRACTICE

 Nurses play significant role in prevention of behavioural problem and helping the
individual to stay well, overcome and restore normal function.
 Health promotion is a vital function of the nurse can use video assisted teaching
programme about behavioural and three levels of prevention.
 Nurse working in the occupational health department and community health
department should be given in-service education to update and improve their
knowledge regarding behavioural problems.

NURSING EDUCATION

This study will enhance the Nursing students to acquire knowledge about
behavioural problems.

Nurse educators should create awareness regarding prevention of behavioural

problems and new techniques available to improve the level of knowledge and quality
of life of children.

NURSING ADMINISTRATION

Nurse administrators should be vigilant to organize various staff development

programmes to educate the nurse to improve the knowledge regarding various
preventive aspect child care.

NURSE RESEARCH

36
 This study can be baseline for future studies to built upon and motivate the
research to conduct further study.

The generalization of the study can we made by future replication of the study. As
Nursing personnel should involve in research activities to come out with successful
remedies to reduce the burden of various disease.

RECOMMENDATION

 A comparative study can be conducted between rural and urban mothers

regarding knowledge of behavioural problem.
 Longitudinal study can be conducted regarding prevention of
behavioural problems.
 The study can be replicated using a large sample thereby findings can be
generalized to a large population.
 A quasi experimental study can be conducted among mothers with a
structured teaching program on behavioural problems.

SUMMARY

This chapter dealt with the discussion of the study with the reference to the objectives
and supportive studies. Above objectives have been achieved and the one hypothesis.

CONCLUSION

The study was done to assess the level of knowledge on behavioural problems among
mother’s of under five children at selected rural area Coimbatore. The result of the study
revealed that majority 16(53%) of samples had moderately adequate knowledge, nearly
one third 9(30%) of the samples had inadequate knowledge and least number 5(17%) of
samples had adequate knowledge.

37
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOK REFERENCE

 Parul Dutta, A text book of Paediatric Nursing, 1st edition 2007, J.P brothers
medical publisher Pvt. Ltd Pg no : 185-188
 Tambulwadker, A text book of Paediatric Nursing, 2nd edition, Vora medical
publications Pg no : 248-259.
 Jessie M. Chellappa, A Text book of Paediatric Nursing, 1st edition, Crajanaa
book publishers & distributers Pg no : 385-389.
 Wilkins, A text book of Paediatric Nursing, 2nd edition, Vora medical
publications Pg no : 65,437-438.
 Wong s, Essentials of Paediatric Nursing, 8th edition, Mosby Eleseiver
publications Pg no : 342-421.
 Betz sowden, Paediatric Nursing Reference, 6th edition, Mosby Eliseiver
publications Pg no : 33-37.
 M. Eharban Singh, Paediatric Clinical Methods, 2nd edition, sahar publications,
Newdelhi Pg no : 92 , 226.

JOURNAL REFERENCE

 Ambrose, E.R. (2012). Diaganosis and Evaluation of the child with ADHD.
Amweican journal of paediatrics, 105(2). 1158-1170.
 Arnold, M. (2012). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of
children and adolescent with behavioural problems. American journal of child
and adolescent psychiatry. 40(3), 24-30.

38
  Ehsan Ullah Syed. (2015); Screening For Emotional Behavioural Problems
Amongst 5-11 years old school children In Karachi. Indian journal of
paediatrics Vol 76 : 623-627.
 Gupta, et. Al (2015). Prevalence of behavioural disorders in school children.
Indian journal of paediatrics . 68(4) 323-326.
 Indra Gupta, et.al.(2001). Prevalence Of Behavioural Problems In School
Going Children. Indian Journal of Paediatrics. Vol 4,323-326.
 Wang, Ya Feng et al 1989. “ An epidemiological study of behavioural
problems school children urban areas of Beijing”. Journal of Child
Psychology and psychiatry and allied discipline 6:907-912.

NET REFERENCE

 WWW.ncbi.n\m.nin.gov
 WWW.med.nagoya-u.ac.jb.
 WWW.smjoline.org\text.2014
 WWW.Scopemed.org

39
 ANNEXURE-A

LETTER SEEKING PERMISSION TO CONDUCT THE STUDY

From,

Iv year B.Sc Nursing student,

Kongunadu college of nursing,

Coimbatore.

To,

The medical officer,

Primary health centre,

Poochiyur, Coimbatore.

Respected sir/Madam,

Sub: Letter seeking permission to conduct the study.

We IV year B.Sc Nursing students of Kongunadu college of nursing are conducting a

research project in partial fulfilment of B.Sc Nursing, Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical
University, Chennai, as a part of the requirement for the award of B.Sc Nursing degree .

TOPIC: “A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE ON BEHAVIOURAL

PROBLEMS AMONG MOTHERS OF UNDER FIVE CHILDREN AT A SELECTED
RURAL AREA, COIMBATORE.’’

I request to kindly do the needful,

Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,

IV year B.Sc Nursing student

40
 ANNEXURE-B

LETTER GRANTING PERMISSION TO CONDUCT THE STUDY

From,

The medical officer,

Primary health centre,

Poochiyur,

Coimbatore.

Respected sir /Madam,

Sub : Primary health centre , poochiyur to conduct the study.

With reference to above letter it has been informed that, IV year B.Sc Nursing
student of Kongunadu college of Nursing are allow to conduct the study on “ASSESS THE
KNOWLEDGE ON BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEMS AMONG MOTHERS OF UNDER
FIVE CHILDREN AT A SELECTED RURAL AREA, COIMBATORE’’ in rural area.

With thanks,

Date:

Place:

41
QUESTIONNAIRES
 APPENDIX- C
SEMI STRUCTURE INTERVIEW SCHEDULE

SECTION A
SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES OF MOTHERS OF UNDER
FIVE CHILDREN

1. Age of the mother

a. Below 25 years
b. Between 26-35 years
c. Between 36-40 years
d. Above 41 years
2. Educational status of the mother
a. Illiterate
b. Primary level
c. Secondary level
d. Graduate
3. Occupational status of the mother
a. Government employee
b. Private employee
c. Daily wages
d. House wife
4. Religion
a. Hindu
b. Muslim
c. Christian
5. Monthly income of the family
a. Below Rs 5000
b. Between Rs 5001- 10,000
c. Above Rs 10001-15000
d. >15,000

42
6. Type of the family
a. Joint family
b. Nuclear family
c. Extended family
7. Number of children in the family
a. One
b. Two
c. Three and above
8. Primary source of information
a. Mass media
b. Relatives
c. Health education

43
 SECTION B

KNOWLEDGE ON BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEMS AMONG MOTHERS

OF UNDER FIVE CHILDREN’S

GENERAL ASPECT

1. What is mean by behavioural problems?

a. Changes occur in the behaviour of the children
b. Changes occur in the attitude of the children
c. Changes occur in the appearance of the children
2. What are all the types of behavioural problem?
a. Temper tantrum, thumb sucking
b. Breath holding spell, nail biting
c. Enuresis, stammering
d. All of the above
3. How to identify the behavioural problems?
a. Close observation of child’s behaviour
b. Physical examination
c. Routine investigation

TEMPER TANTRUM
4. What do you mean by temper tantrum
a. Sudden outburst of the anger
b. Irritable mood
c. Violent behaviour
d. All of the above
5. What is the cause of temper tantrum
a. Harsh discipline
b. Neglected child
c. Overproduction and inconsistency
d. Sibling jealous

44
6. What is the symptoms of temper tantrum
a. Screaming loudly and rolling on floor
b. Fear and anxiety
c. Over eating
7. How to treat temper tantrum?
a. Ignore the child
b. Punish the child
c. Be with the child
d. Physiotherapy

THUMB SUCKING

8. What is mean by thumb sucking?

a. Eating of the chalk, sand
b. Sucking of thumb finger
c. Unclear and hurried speech
9. What is the causative factors for thumb sucking?
a. Emotional insecurity
b. Anger and jealousy
c. Tension and fear
d. Hunger and thirst
10. How to treat the child with thumb sucking?
a. Encourage the child far breaking the clarity
b. Scald the child to stop thumb sucking
c. Punishment
11. What is the complication for thumb sucking?
a. Skin problems
b. Speech impairment
c. Open bite
d. All of the above

45
 BREATH HOLDING SPELL
12. What is mean by breath holding spell?
a. Holding the breath
b. Night walking
c. Holding the abdominal muscle
13. What is the cause of breath holding spell?
a. Stress
b. Fear
c. Anger
14. How to treat the child with breath holding spell?
a. Ventilate to the child
b. Avoid attention to the child
c. Punishment
NAIL BITING
15. What is mean by nail biting?
a. Fearful dream
b. Biting of nail
c. Anxiety
16. What is the cause of nail biting?
a. Emotional changes
b. Strict punitive parents
c. Social fear
d. Sibling
17. How to manage the child with nail biting?
a. Scold the child
b. Encourage the child for breaking the nail
c. Ignore the child

46
18. Which of the following is the main complication of the nail biting?
a. Throat pain
b. Infection of oral cavity
c. Warm infestation
d. Tongue lesion

ENURESIS
19. What is mean by enuresis?
a. Involuntary muscle movement
b. Involuntary passage of stool
c. Involuntary passage of urine
d. Excessive sweating
20. What is the cause of enuresis?
a. Improper toilet training
b. Poor nutrition
c. Fear related to toilet
d. Stress
21. What is the symptoms of enuresis?
a. Constipation
b. Unable to control the bladder
c. Weight loss
22. How to treat the child with enuresis?
a. Restriction of fluid after dinner
b. Proper toilet training
c. Avoid coffee and beverages
d. All of the above

47
 STAMMERING
23. What do you mean by stammering?
a. Speech disorder
b. Sleep disorder
c. Emotional disorder
d. Social disorder
24. What is the symptoms of stammering?
a. Emotional stress
b. Physically ill
c. Faulty parental attitudes

25. What is the symptoms of stammering?

a. Spasmodic repetitions
b. Jaw pain
c. Excited
26. How to treat the child with stammering?
a. Exercise
b. Speech
c. Reward the good behaviour

ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVE DISORDER

27. What do you mean by attention deficit hyperactive disorder?
a. Medium attention span and hyperactive
b. Fever attention of child and hyperactivity
c. Over attention span and less hyperactive
d. Short attention span and less hyperactive
28. What are the reasons for attention deficit hyperactive?
a. Genetic predisposition and behavior inhereditary
b. Physical problem
c. Feeling of restlessness
d. Social fear

48
29. What is the main clinical features of attention deficit hyperactive disorder?
a. Making a careless mistake in school work
b. Hammering
c. Screaming
d. Argue with others
30. How to manage the child with attention deficit hyperactive disorder?
a. Appropriate training and education to the child
b. Punishment
c. Hygienic practice

49
 SECTION A

1. தாயின் வயது.

அ. 25 வயதுக்கு கீ ழ்.

ஆ. 26-35 வயதிற்குள்.

இ. 36-40 வயதிற்குள்

ஈ. 41 வயதிற்கு மேல்.

2. தாயின் கல்வி தகுதி.

அ. படிப்பறிவில்லாதவர்.

ஆ. தொடக்க நிலை கல்வி.

இ. நடுநிலை கல்வி.

ஈ. மேல்நிலை கல்வி.

உ. பட்டதாரி.

3. தாயின் தொழில் தகுதி.

அ. அரச்சாங்க பணியாளர்.

ஆ. தனியார் நிறுவன பணியாளர்.

இ. தினக்கூலி.

ஈ. இல்லத்தரசி.

4. மதம்.

அ. இந்து

ஆ. கிறிஸ்த்துவர்.

இ. முஸ்லீம்.

50
5. மாதாந்திர வருமானம்.

அ. ரூ.5001-10,000 க்குள்.

ஆ. ரூ.10,001-15,000 க்குள்.

இ. ரூ.15,000 க்கு மேல்.

6. குடும்ப வகை.

அ. கூட்டு குடும்பம்.

ஆ. தனி குடும்பம்.

இ. விரிவுப்படுத்தப்பட்ட குடும்பம்.

7. குடும்பத்திலுள்ள குழந்தைகளின் எண்ணிக்கை.

அ. ஒன்று

ஆ. இரண்டு

இ. மூன்று மற்றும் அதற்க்கு மேல்

8. தகவல் அறியும் முறை.

அ. சமூக ஊடகம் செய்தித்தாள், இணையதளம்.

ஆ.. உறவினர்கள்.

இ. உடல் நலக் கல்வி.

51
 SECTION B

ஐந்து வயதிற்குட்பட்ட குழந்தைகளை உடைய தாய்மார்கள்

எதிர்கொள்ளும் நடத்தைப்பிரச்சனைகள்

1 . நடத்தைப் பிரச்சனைகள் என்றால் என்ன?

அ. குழந்தை நடத்தையில் ஏற்படும் மாற்றங்கள்.

ஆ. குழந்தை அணுகு முறையில் ஏற்படும் மாற்றங்கள்

இ. குழந்தை தோற்றத்தில் ஏற்படும்மாற்றங்கள்.

2. நடத்தைப் பிரச்சனையின் வகைகள் யாவை?

அ.அடம் பிடித்தல்,கட்டை விரல் உறிஞ்சுதல்

ஆ.மூச்சு அடக்கி அழுதல்,நகம் கடித்தல்

இ.சிறுநீர் தானாக கழித்தல்,திக்கி பேசுதல்

ஈ.மேலே கூறிய அனைத்தும்

3. நடத்தைப் பிரச்சனையினை கண்டறியும் முறைகள்?

அ. குழந்தை நடத்தையை தொடர்ந்து கண்காணித்தல்.

ஆ. உடல் பரிசோதனை.

இ. கட்டை விரல் உறிஞ்சுதல்.

ஈ. தொடர் பரிசோதனை

அடம்பிடித்தல்

4. அடம்பிடித்தல் என்றால் என்ன?

அ. திடீரென கோவப்படுதல்.

ஆ. எரிச்சல் உணர்வு.

52
 இ. வன்முறை நடத்தை.

ஈ. மேலே உள்ள அனைத்தும்.

5. அடம்பிடித்தலின் காரணங்கள் – யாவை?

அ. கடுமையான ஒழுக்கம்.

ஆ. ஒதுக்கப்பட்ட குழந்தை.

இ. அதிக பாதுகாத்தல் மற்றும் முரண்பாடு.

ஈ. உடன்பிறப்பு பொறாமை.

6. அடம்பிடித்தலின் அறிகுறிகள் யாவை?

அ. அதிகமாக கத்துதல் மற்றும் தரையில் புரளுதல்

ஆ. பயம் மற்றும் கவலை

இ. அதிகமாக சாப்பிடுதல்.

ஈ. மேலே கூறிய எதுவுமில்லை

7. அடம் பிடித்தலை எவ்வாறு குணப்படுத்துவது?

அ. குழந்தையை ஒதுக்குதல்.

ஆ. குழந்தையை தண்டித்தல்.

இ. குழந்தையுடன் இருத்தல்.

ஈ. உடற்பயிற்சி சிகிச்சை

கட்டைவிரல்உறிஞ்சுதல்

8. கட்டைவிரல் உறிஞ்சுதல் என்றால் என்ன?

அ. சாக்பீஸ், மணல் உண்ணுதல்.

ஆ. கட்டைவிரல் உறிஞ்சுதல்.

இ. தெளிவில்லாமல் வேகமாக பேசுதல்.

53
9. கட்டைவிரல் உறிஞ்சுதலின் காரணிகள் யாவை?

அ.பாதுகாப்பில்லாமல் உணருதல்

ஆ.கோபம் மற்றும் குற்ற உணர்வு

இ.பதற்றம் மற்றும் பயம்

ஈ.பசி மற்றும் தாகம்

10.குழந்தை கட்டைவிரல் உறிஞ்சுதலை எவ்வாறு குணப்படுத்துவது?

அ.குழந்தையை இப்பழக்கத்தை கைவிடுமாறு ஊக்கப்படுத்துதல்

ஆ.பழக்கத்தை கைவிடுமாறு குழந்தையை கடிந்து கொள்ளுதல்

இ.தண்டனை கொடுத்தல்

ஈ.மேலே கூறிய அனைத்தும்

11.கட்டைவிரல் உறிஞ்சுதலின் பின்விளைவுகள் யாவை?

அ.தோல் வியாதிகள்

ஆ.பேச்சு குளறுபடிகள்

இ.வெளிறிய விரல்கள்

ஈ.மேலே கூறிய அனைத்தும்

மூச்சு அடக்கி அழுதல்

12. மூச்சு அடக்குதல் என்றால் என்ன?

அ.மூச்சை 1 நிமிடத்திற்கு அடக்கி வைத்தல்

ஆ.இரவில் நடத்தல்

இ.வயிற்று தசையை பிடித்து கொள்ளுதல்

ஈ.மேலே கூறிய அனைத்தும்

54
13. மூச்சு அடக்குதலின் காரணிகள் யாவை?

அ.மன அழுத்தம்

ஆ.பயஉணர்வு

இ.கோபம்

ஈ.மேலே கூறிய அனைத்தும

14. மூச்சு அடக்குதலை எவ்வாறு குணப்படுத்துவது?

அ.குழந்தையை காற்றுபடும்படி வைத்தல்

ஆ.குழந்தையை கவனித்தலை கைவிடுதல்

இ.தண்டித்தல்

ஈ.உடற்பயிற்சி சிகிச்சை

நகம் கடித்தல்

15. நகம் கடித்தல் என்றால் என்ன?

அ.பயஉணர்வுடன் கூடிய கனவுகள்

ஆ.விரல் நகங்களை பதற்றத்துடன் கடித்தல்

இ.கவலை

ஈ.விரல்களை உறிஞ்சுதல்

16. நகம் கடித்தலின் காரணிகள் யாவை?

அ.மன குலைவுகள்

ஆ.பெற்றோர் கடுமையாக கண்டித்தல்

இ.சமூக பய உணர்வு

ஈ.சகோதரவெறுப்பு

55
17. நகம் கடித்தலை எவ்வாறு குணப்படுத்துவது?

அ.குழந்தையை கண்டித்தல்

ஆ.இப்பழக்கத்தை கைவிடுமாறு குழந்தைய

உற்சாகப்படுத்துதல்

இ.குழந்தையை ௐதுக்குதல்

ஈ.தண்டனை கொடுத்தல்

18. கீ ழுள்ளவற்றில் எவை முக்கியமான பின்விளைவுகள்?

அ.தொண்டை வலி

ஆ.வாயில் தொற்று ஏற்படுதல்

இ.குடற்புழு தொற்று

ஈ.நாக்கில் புண்கள்

சிறுநீ ர்தானாககழித்தல்

19. சிறுநீர் தானாக கழித்தல் என்றால் என்ன?

அ.தன்னிச்சையான தசை இயக்கம்

ஆ.உறங்கும் போது இரவில் தன்னிச்சையாக சிறுநீர் கழித்தல்

இ.அதிகமாக வியர்வை வெளியேறுதல்

ஈ.மேற்கூறிய எதுவும் இல்லை

20. தானாக சிறுநீர் கழித்தலின் காரணிகள் யாவை?

அ.முறையற்ற கழிப்பறை பயிற்சி

ஆ.குறைவான ஊட்டச்சத்து

இ.கழிப்பறை பற்றிய பயம்

ஈ.மன அழுத்தம்

21. தானாக சிறுநீர் கழித்தலின் அறிகுறிகள் யாவை?

56
 அ.மலச்சிக்கல்

ஆ.சிறுநீர்பை கட்டுப்படுத்த இயலாமை

இ.எடை இழத்தல்

ஈ.பதற்றமடைதல்

22. தன்னிச்சையாக சிறுநீர் கழித்தலை எவ்வாறு குணப்படுத்துவது?

அ.உணவு உண்டபின்பு தண்ண ீர் அருந்துதலை தவிர்த்தல்

ஆ.உறங்கும் முன் சிறுநீர் கழிக்க பழக்குதல்

இ.முறையான கழிப்பறை பயிற்சி

ஈ.மேலே உள்ள அனைத்தும்

திக்கிபேசுதல்

23. திக்கி பேசுதல் என்றால் என்ன?

அ.பேச்சு கோளாறு

ஆ.தூக்க வியாதி

இ.மனஉணர்வு வியாதி

ஈ.சமூக விளைவுகள்

24. திக்கிபேசுதலின் காரணிகள் யாவை?

அ.மனஉணர்வு ,அழுத்தம்

ஆ.உடலில் பிரச்சினை

இ.முறையற்ற பெற்றோரின் நடத்தைகள்

ஈ.மேலே உள்ள அனைத்தும்

57
25. திக்கிபேசுதலின் அறிகுறிகள் யாவை?

அ.குளறி பேசுதல்

ஆ.தாடை வலிகள்

இ.உற்சாகப்படுத்துதல்

26. திக்கிபேசுதலை எவ்வாறு குணப்படுத்துவது?

அ.உடற்பயிற்சி

ஆ.பேச்சு பயிற்சி

இ.நடத்தைக்கு பரிசு வழங்குதல்

கவனக்குறைவுகோளாறு

27. கவனக்குறைவு கோளாறு என்றால் என்ன?

அ.குறைந்த கவனம் மற்றும் அதிவேகத்தன்மை

ஆ.குறைந்த வேலை மற்றும் அதிவேகத்தன்மை

இ.அதிக கவனம் மற்றும் குறைவேகத்தன்னமை

ஈ.குறைந்த கவனம் மற்றும் குறைந்தவேகத்தன்மை

28. கவனக்குறைவு கோளாறின் காரணிகள் யாவை?

அ.மரபு அணு குறைபாடுகள்

ஆ.பரம்பரை நடத்தைகள்

இ.உடலில் கோளாறுகள்

ஈ.சமூகபயம்

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29. கவனக்குறைவு கோளாறின் முக்கிய அறிகுறிகள் யாவை?

அ. கவனக்குறைவால் பிழை செய்தல்

ஆ.குழம்பி பேசுதல்

இ.அலறல்

ஈ.மற்றவர்களுடன் விவாதம் செய்தல்

30. கவனக்குறைவு கோளாறை எவ்வாறு சரிசெய்வது?

அ.முறையான பயிற்சி மற்றும் கல்வி அளித்தல்

ஆ.தண்டனை அளித்தல்

இ.சுகாதாரமான நடைமுறை

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 SCORE KEY

S.NO ITEMS CORRECT RESPONSE SCORE

1 1 A 1
2 2 D 1
3 3 A 1
4 4 D 1
5 5 C 1
6 6 A 1
7 7 C 1
8 8 B 1
9 9 C 1
10 10 A 1
11 11 D 1
12 12 A 1
13 13 D 1
14 14 A 1
15 15 B 1
16 16 B 1
17 17 B 1
18 18 B 1
19 19 B 1
20 20 A 1
21 21 B 1
22 22 D 1
23 23 A 1
24 24 D 1
25 25 A 1
26 26 B 1
27 27 A 1
28 28 A 1
29 29 A 1
30 30 A 1

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