Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Packing and Distributor Technology: Dan Summers - March 8, 2011
Packing and Distributor Technology: Dan Summers - March 8, 2011
Angled Corrugation
Low ∆P Means
Mellapak
packing
elements
30 0.75
M252Y (FRI) M250Y (FRI)
28 0.70
M250Y (WT) M252Y (WT)
26 0.65
24 0.60
HETP, inches
HETP, m
22 0.55
20 0.50
18 0.45
16 0.40
14 0.35
12 0.30
10 0.25
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60
Capacity Factor Cs, ft/s
Preferred applications:
• Minimum pressure drop requirement
• Large number of theoretical stages
• In high vacuum for degradable products
Application examples:
• Pharmaceutical products (vitamins, etc.)
• Flavors and fragrances (e.g. Geraniol)
• Monomers (Caprolactam, MDI, DMT, etc.)
• Fatty acids, fatty alcohols, esters of fatty acids
• Mono-, Di-, Tri-, Tetraethylene glycol
Concept of the
Plus type packings Vertical Hold-up Profile
Special features:
• Resists coking and fouling due to its smooth surface
• Geometric structure efficiently dissipates temperature and concentration gradients
• Much better de-entrainment and separation efficiency than conventional grids
• The low element height and its smooth surface structure allow for easy cleaning
• Mechanically robust structure
Application examples:
• Atmospheric or Vacuum Tower
- Wash section
- Pumparound section with high liquid and
gas loadings
• FCC Main Fractionator
Slurry pumparound section
• Coker or Visbreaker Fractionator
Wash section
• Oil and Water Quench Tower
I-Ring Advantages
I-Rings provide over 30% lower pressure
drop than Pall® Rings.
Revolutionary design enhances greater
capacity and efficiency than other random
packings.
Geometric design minimizes liquid hold-up.
Direct replacement of the widely used
IMTP®.
P-Ring Advantages
Highest industry experience and
extensively tested by research institutes
worldwide.
Material thickness overcomes mechanical
weaknesses, and can be used in extremely
corrosive services enabling cheaper
materials to be used.
Strength-to-weight ration stronger than
most other random packings.
Direct replacement of the well known
Pall®Ring.
R-Ring Advantages
First generation of random packings,
industry experience outperforms
fractionation trays.
Great strength-to-weight ratio.
Direct replacement of the well known
Raschig Ring.
C-Ring Advantages
Rounds out Sulzer's Portfolio.
Unique Diameter to Height ratio.
Direct replacement of the well known
Cascade Mini Ring®.
Packed Towers
Vapor Distribution
&
VK type
Elevated hole P, H, R
Ground hole G
VE type
Elevated hole P, H, R
VR type
VK distributor
VE distributor
G - Ground Hole
• Simple design
• Fouling resistant
VKG/VKGF
VKR/VKRF/VKRFPW
VKR2/VKRF2
VKH
VEG/VEG2
VER2
VEP
VRD
90°
120°
VSI
• Zonal Analysis
Quadrant Partitioning:
D(25%) = 0.5*D(100%)
D(50%) = 0.707 * D(100%)
D(75%) = 0.866 * D(100%)
Concentric Partitioning:
H = C (GPM/AO)n
Where,
H = Head Required, inches Liquid
C = Hole Coefficient (0.027 round holes)
AO = Open Area, in2
n = constant, 2.15
# , -