Curriculum Sec 2022-23
Curriculum Sec 2022-23
Class IX-X
2
THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
PREAMBLE
WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a 1[SOVEREIGN
SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC] and to secure to all its citizens :
JUSTICE, social, economic and political;
LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the2 [unity and integrity of the Nation];
IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT,
ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.
1. Subs, by the Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act. 1976, sec. 2, for "Sovereign Democratic Republic” (w.e.f. 3.1.1977)
2. Subs, by the Constitution (Forty-Second Amendment) Act. 1976, sec. 2, for "unity of the Nation” (w.e.f. 3.1.1977)
1. Ins. by the constitution (Eighty - Sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 S.4 (w.e.f. 12.12.2002)
3
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1. PRINCIPLES OF THE CBSE CURRICULUM
1.1 CBSE Curriculum
1. provide ample scope for holistic i.e. physical, intellectual and social
development of students;
5.
uphold the ‘Constitutional Values’ by encouraging values-based
learning activities;
7.
integrate innovations in pedagogy such as experiential learning,
Sport & Art-Integrated Learning ,toy-based pedagogy, storytelling,
gamification etc. with technological innovations (ICT integration) to
keep pace with the global trends in various disciplines;
5
8.
promote inclusive practices as an overriding consideration in all
educational activities;
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1.4 Curriculum Areas at Secondary Level
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1.5 Curricular Areas:-
(i) Languages include Hindi, English and 37 other languages. The curricula
in languages focus on listening, speaking, reading and writing skills
and, hence, develop effective communicative proficiencies. Learners
use language to comprehend, acquire and communicate ideas in an
effective manner.
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Students understand the importance of to apply scientific knowledge
in the context of real-life situations and gain competencies that enable
them to participate effectively and productively in life.
The curriculum and the study material for the Skill Electives is available
on the CBSE academic website under the tab ‘Skill Education’ and
can be accessed through the link: http://cbseacademic.nic.in/skill-
education. html.
(vi) Art Education entails instruction in various art forms (visual as well as
performing) with an aim to help children develop an interest for arts
and encourage them to enthusiastically participate in related activities,
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thus, promoting abilities such as imagination, creativity, valuing arts
and cultural heritage. In addition, Arts should be integrated with other
subjects to promote creative thinking and expression
(viii) Work Experience: The Work Experience has been subsumed in the
Health and Physical Education, however, it is an integral part of
the curriculum and is given as much as focus as Health and Physical
Education.
All these eight areas are to be integrated with each other in terms
of knowledge, skills (life and livelihood), comprehension, values and
attitudes. Children should get opportunities to think laterally, critically,
identify opportunities, challenge their potential and be open to new ideas.
Children should be engaged in practices that promote physical, cognitive,
emotional and social development and wellbeing, connect different areas
of knowledge, application and values with their own lives and the world
around them. The holistic nature of human learning and knowledge should
be brought forth while transacting the curriculum to make them good
citizens who can contribute in making the world a happy place.
2. IMPLEMENTATION OF CURRICULUM
2.1 School Curriculum Committee
The Board mandates that all schools must setup a School Curriculum
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Committee comprising teachers from each area. The School Curriculum
Committee would define activities for pedagogical practices, evolve a plan
of assessment and mechanism of feedback and reflection and ensure its
implementation. The committee would also ensure that the textbooks/
reference materials are age appropriate, incorporate inclusive principles,
gender sensitive, have valid content and do not contain any material which
may hurt the sentiments of any community. The committee will then send
the list of books to the Principal to take action as per para 2.4.7 (b) of
the Affiliation Byelaws, 2018. The committee would also ensure that the
reference materials reflect conformity with the underlying principles
of the Constitution of India and are compliant with NEP-2020. Issues of
gender, social, cultural and regional disparities must be taken care of in the
curriculum transaction.
All Principals have a crucial role to play in the evolution of the teaching-
learning ecosystem as the Head and pedagogical leader of their schools. In
the role of school pedagogical leader, the Principal is expected to undertake
the following:
(a) Lead, Guide and Support the teaching and learning processes in the
school by focusing on classroom specific requirements for transacting
the curriculum, so that both teachers and students perform at their
optimal best.
(b) Direct the entire focus of all school activities towards the students’
learning and acquiring of necessary competencies. Every activity taken
up by the school, therefore, should be mapped for the educational
competencies, and for life skills, values, etc., being acquired by the
students.
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(d) Promote innovative pedagogy, with special focus on integrating art,
sports and ICT (Information and Communication Technology) with
education, and use of active and experiential learning methods in the
classrooms.
(e) Ensure joyful learning at all levels through use of such innovative
pedagogy.
(f) Develop school specific resources for teaching and learning, in the
form of lesson plans, e-content, use of mathematics and science kits
developed by NCERT, etc.
(h) To be up to date with all new ideas and tools, etc. being used in
education at the global level and constantly innovate the pedagogy of
the school.
(i) To make efforts to learn from the best practices of other schools, by
arranging for discussions with Principals of such schools, or through
observation visits of teachers to other schools.
The Board has not laid down the structure or format of the annual pedagogical
plan as the Board respects educational autonomy of every school and expects
each school to prepare its own unique and innovative annual plan. This plan
must be an implementable one with realistic timelines that should include
administrative inputs and detailed pedagogical aspects.
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who would encourage collaborative learning and development of multiple
skills through the generous use of resources via diverse approaches for
transacting the curriculum.
Teachers should follow inclusive principles and not label children as ‘slow
learners’ or ‘bright students’, or ‘problem children’. They should instead
attend to the individual difference of students by diagnosing and modifying
their pedagogic planning. As far as possible, Arts should be integrated in
teaching, especially while teaching the concept which students find difficult
to understand.
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out with suggestive mapping of learning outcomes with NCERT curriculum
which can be adopted/ adapted by schools. CBSE has also mapped each
learning outcome with assessment to enable tracking of learning progress
and these resources are available at the website of CBSE in the form of
Teachers Energized Resource Material. Schools should also attempt this on
their own. The Board has developed Learning standard frameworks for all
major subjects i.e. Hindi, English, Science, Social Science and Mathematics.
The learning standard framework (LSF) offers a structured conceptual map
for integrating the discrete elemens such as learning outcomes, content,
pedagogies and assessments, into a coherent continum. Its goal is to demystify
the 'evidence of learning' and engender a common understanding of it in
teachers and examiners by cataloguing competencies in clear, measurable,
and contextualized achievement standards. Combining theory and practice,
different LSFs detail how the learning and assessment need to be conducted
in classrooms, These frameworks contain detailed guidelines for preparing
reliable and valid items along with sample questions and marking scheme
for assessment. Model question paper designs have also been laid out our
helping teachers prepare the question paper.
Specific Lesson Plans for the topics are to be prepared by the teachers.
These plan may have the following parts:
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2.6 Classroom and School Environment
The surroundings and daily life activities and situations are the best
experiential teachers for the students. Teachers must make efforts to
draw examples and group activities from daily life observations within the
classroom/within the school and surroundings, and encourage presentations
and reflection by the students once the activity is completed, to develop
the skills of critical thinking and communication.
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and science. Children can write better-framed answers in history,
geography and science when they have learnt how to write explanations/
short descriptions in a language. Similarly, Life Skills like empathy, problem
solving and interpersonal communications can be easily integrated with
the study of literature and other areas. Universal Values, Life Skills and
Constitutional Values with emphasis on realization of Fundamental Duties
may be incorporated depending upon context in almost all the subjects.
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2.8.1 Art Education and Art Integration:
(ii) Art is also integrated with the teaching and learning process of all
subjects from classes 1 to 12, to promote active and experiential
learning for “connecting knowledge to life outside the school, ensuring
that learning shifts away from rote methods and for enriching the
curriculum, so that it goes beyond textbooks.”
While preparing its annual pedagogical plan under the leadership of the
Principal of the school, the school must plan out in detail the Art Education
to be imparted at various levels, and how that Art can be integrated with
classroom learning of various subjects. The focus must be on mutually
reinforcing Art as a subject and Art as a tool for learning, with efforts towards
seamless integration. Team teaching (combination of subject teachers and
Art teachers) would also strengthen the integration.
For implementing this in classrooms, the subject teacher picks the topic/
concept/idea that she wants to teach by integrating Art. The teacher can do
this jointly with the Art teacher too. Then, the subject teacher collaborates
with the Art teacher to align the pedagogy. Next, the teacher teaches the
topic/concept/idea ensuring active learning and ensuring that both the
subject and Art are integrated well and there is learning in both areas.
Finally, the teacher prepares a rubric to assess the student in both the areas
– that is, the topic taught and the Art used.
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There are three key 21st century skills i.e. Learning Skills, Literacy Skills
and Life Skills.
The need of the hour is that schools must focus on enhancing the skills
required for a successful adult life in 21st Century. It is important that the
students are able to think scientifically, mathematically or artistically to
face the real-life challenges in an information and technology driven world
and enhance their inherent potential. CBSE has publised a handbook on 21st
century skills available at its website. Schools may further refer to it.
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Schools must organize these sensitization programmes with the support of
experts from respective field of disabilities. Capacity Building Programmes
on Inclusive Education may be organized in collaboration with the
CBSE- Centres of Excellence. Board has made the appointment of special
educator mandatory to all the schools affiliated to the CBSE. Special
Educators must possess the qualification as prescribed by the Rehabilitation
Council of India. (CBSE Circular No. 31/2015). CBSE has published a handbook
on Inclusive Education available at its website.
3. SCHEME OF STUDIES
3.1 Subjects to be offered:
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*Work experience is subsumed in Health and Physical Education
(b) If a student fails in any one of the three compulsory subjects (i.e.
Science, Mathematics and Social Science) and passes in the Skill subject
(offered as sixth optional subject), then that subject will be replaced
by the Skill subject and the result of Class X Board examination will be
computed accordingly.
(c) If a student fails in any language subject, out of first five subjects, the
same will be replaced by the language taken as sixth subject (in case
of no skills subjects offered) or as seventh subject (optional), provided
that he or she has passed this language and after replacement either
Hindi or English remains as a passed language in the first five subjects.
(d) It is expected that all the students would have studied three languages
up to class VIII. Those students who could not clear the third language
in class VIII and have been promoted to class IX, shall be examined by
the concerned schools at the end of Class IX in the same syllabus and
textbooks as prescribed for class VIII. Those who are still unable to
clear the third language at the end of class IX may be given another
opportunity in class X. No student shall be eligible to appear in the
Secondary School Examination of the Board at the end of class X unless
she/he has passed in the third language. However, CWSN are exempted
from the study of third language.
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(e) Either Hindi or English must be one of the two languages to be studied
in class IX and X. Hindi and English can also be offered simultaneously.
In Hindi, two courses have been provided for class IX and X keeping in
view the varying backgrounds of the students and a student may either
opt for Hindi A (Code 002) or Hindi B (Code 085). Similarly English can
also be offered at two levels English Language & Literature (184) and
Communication English (101).
(f) Students offering additional sixth skill subject may also offer an
additional language III/ any subject as seventh subject.
https://www.cbse.gov.in/cbsenew/Examination_Circular/2019/5_
CIRCULAR.pdf
Schools and candidates may also refer to the circulars issued by the
Board from time to time on this matter.
(i) For Regional Languages, the Board prescribes the textbooks being
followed in classes IX and X in the respective State Boards where the
language is taught. Schools are also advised to bring to the notice
of CBSE the changes, if any, brought out at the commencement of
the session by the respective State Boards, in the textbooks of the
language of their State. Schools are directed to strictly follow the
textbooks prescribed by CBSE in its curriculum. Changes, if any, can be
adopted only after CBSE notifies it.
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3.2 List of subjects offered at Secondary Level:
LANGUAGE ( GROUP-L)
S CODE NAME Theory Time Internal Total
Marks (h) Marks Marks
1 002 HINDI COURSE-A (ANY ONE) 80 03 020 100
085 HINDI COURSE-B 80 03 020 100
2 184 ENGLISH LANG & LIT. (ANY ONE) 80 03 020 100
101 ENGLISH COMMUNICA- 80 03 020 100
TIVE
3 003 URDU COURSE-A (ANY ONE) 80 03 020 100
303 URDU COURSE-B 80 03 020 100
4 004 PUNJABI 80 03 020 100
5 005 BENGALI 80 03 020 100
6 006 TAMIL 80 03 020 100
7 007 TELUGU Any One 80 03 020 100
089 TELUGU TELANGANA 80 03 020 100
8 008 SINDHI 80 03 020 100
9 009 MARATHI 80 03 020 100
10 010 GUJARATI 80 03 020 100
11 011 MANIPURI 80 03 020 100
12 012 MALAYALAM 80 03 020 100
13 013 ODIA 80 03 020 100
14 014 ASSAMESE 80 03 020 100
15 015 KANNADA 80 03 020 100
16 016 ARABIC 80 03 020 100
17 017 TIBETAN 80 03 020 100
18 018 FRENCH 80 03 020 100
19 020 GERMAN 80 03 020 100
20 021 RUSSIAN 80 03 020 100
21 023 PERSIAN 80 03 020 100
22 024 NEPALI 80 03 020 100
23 025 LIMBOO 80 03 020 100
24 026 LEPCHA 80 03 020 100
25 092 BODO 80 03 020 100
26 093 TANGKHUL 80 03 020 100
27 094 JAPANESE 80 03 020 100
28 095 BHUTIA 80 03 020 100
29 096 SPANISH 80 03 020 100
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30 097 KASHMIRI 80 03 020 100
31 098 MIZO 80 03 020 100
32 099 BAHASA MELAYU 80 03 020 100
33 122 SANSKRIT (ANY ONE) 80 03 020 100
119 SANSKRIT COMMUNICA- 80 03 020 100
TIVE
34 131 RAI 80 03 020 100
35 132 GURUNG 80 03 020 100
36 133 TAMANG 80 03 020 100
37 134 SHERPA 80 03 020 100
38 136 THAI 80 03 020 100
39 091 KOK BOROK 80 03 020 100
COMPULSORY SUBJECTS (GROUP-A1)
S CODE NAME Theory Time Internal Total
Marks (h) Marks Marks
1 041 MATHEMATICS -STANDARD (ANY 80 03 020 100
241 MATHEMATICS – BASIC ONE ) 80 03 020 100
2 086 SCIENCE 80 03 020 100
3 087 SOCIAL SCIENCE 80 03 020 100
OTHER SUBJECTS (GROUP- A2)
S CODE NAME Theory Time Internal Prac- Proj- Total
Marks (h) Marks tical ect Marks
1 031 CARNATIC MUSIC (ANY 30 02 020 50 -- 100
(VOCAL) ONE )
032 CARNATIC MUSIC 30 02 020 50 -- 100
(MELODIC INSTRU-
MENTS)
033 CARNATIC MUSIC 30 02 020 50 -- 100
(PERCUSSION IN-
STRUMENTS)
034 HINDUSTANI MUSIC 30 02 020 50 -- 100
(VOCAL)
035 HINDUSTANI MUSIC 30 02 020 50 -- 100
(MELODIC INSTRU-
MENTS)
036 HINDUSTANI MUSIC 30 02 020 50 -- 100
(PERCUSSION IN-
STRUMENTS)
2 049 PAINTING 30 03 020 50 -- 100
3 064 HOME SCIENCE 70 03 -- 30 -- 100
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4 076 NATIONAL CADET CORPS 70 03 30 -- -- 100
(NCC)
5 165* COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 50 02 -- 50 -- 100
6 154 ELEMENTS OF BUSINESS 70 03 -- 30 -- 100
7 254 ELEMENTS OF BOOK- KEEP- 70 03 -- -- 30 100
ING & ACCOUNTANCY
SKILL SUBJECTS (GROUP-S)
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17 417* Artificial 50 50
Intelligence
18 418 Physical Activity 50 50
Trainer (New)
19 419 Data Science 50 50
*Out of the three subjects with codes - 165, 402 and 417 - only one subject can be offered.
The curriculum and the study material for the Skill Electives is available on the CBSE
academic website under the tab ‘Skill Education’ and can be accessed through the link:
http://cbseacademic.nic.in/skill-education.html.
LIST OF SKILL COURSES OFFERED AT MIDDLE LEVEL (FOR CLASSES VI / VII / VIII)
Instructional time shall be as per the subjects selected. Schools must ensure
that minimum number of hours are spent for each subject as specified in the
curriculum. The time duration for the subjects has been clearly indicated
in the syllabus of each subject. However, it is expected that schools
will create innovative Timetables (such as, teaching-learning only 2 or 3
subjects per day etc.) to ensure that the burden of the bag and homework
are substantially reduced and the classroom transaction are based on
experiential processes. Schools may also think of introducing bag-less day
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and same may be incorporated in the time tables. The time table must also
include the mandatory periods for compulsory areas including Health and
Physical Education.
The medium of instruction in general in all the schools affiliated with the
Board shall either be Hindi or English for classes IX - X.
This condition has been relaxed vide Notification No. CBSE/Coord/DS/EC dated
11/10/2018 available at:
https://www.cbse.gov.in/cbsenew/Examination_Circular/2018/15_CIRCULAR.pdf
As the Board is progressively allowing more space to 'learning outcome based' assessment
in place of textbook driven assessment, question papers of Board examinations will
have more questions based on real-life situations requiring students to apply, analyse,
evaluate and synthesize information as per the stipulated outcomes. The core-
competencies to be assessed in all questions, however, will be from the prescribed
syllabus and textbooks recommended therein. This will eliminate predictability and
rote learning to a large extent.
4.1
Board Examination for (Class X) and Annual Examination
(class IX) for 80 marks For Class X:
The Board Examination in each subject will cover entire syllabus of Class-X.
Grades corresponding to the marks shall be on the basis of 9-point grading
system. Grades will be awarded in each scholastic subject. For awarding
the grades, the Board will put all the passed students in a rank order and
will award the grades as follows:
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A-1 Top 1/8th of the passed candidates
A-2 Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
B-1 Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
B-2 Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
C-1 Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
C-2 Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
D-1 Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
D-2 Next 1/8th of the passed candidates
E* Essential Repeat
Notes:-
(b) In case of a tie, all the students getting the same score, will get the
same grade. If the number of students at a score point need to be
divided into two segments, the smaller segment will go with the larger.
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Grading Scale for Scholastic Areas (Class-IX)
(School will award grades as per the following grading scale)
91-100 A1
81-90 A2
71-80 B1
61-70 B2
51-60 C1
41-50 C2
33-40 D
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instruction, do remedial teaching and set curricular targets for a student or
a group of students. The feedback also helps students to know their errors
as well as strengths and weaknesses. The students, thus, are enabled for
better learning and setting up realistic goals. In essence, this is assessment
for, of and as learning. Periodic Assessment is further divided into the
following:
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4.2.3 Portfolio (05 marks):
What is a portfolio?
For a more simple approach, it is suggested that the portfolio take the form
of a journal or notebook that would include besides classwork, students
artifacts selected within a coherent framework along with their reflections.
Learner here is an active participant involved in constructing his or her
journey through the portfolio building process of selecting, organizing and
reflecting. Now Schools are expected to develop the portfolios as per para
4.2.2 (a) above.
a.
As a product, it holds the performance records and documents, a
student has produced during the learning course and represents a
collection of their learning achievements.
b.
As a process, it enables learners to monitor their own learning
systematically, reflect on their performance, redirect their efforts and
set future goals.
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offers the possibility of assessing more complex and important
aspects of a learning areas or subject matter that can’t be assessed
through traditional forms of testing;
The sample of creative work and evidences that demonstrate process skills
or development of critical thinking or problem solving merit inclusion as
well. A periodic review of the evidences includes in the portfolio would
facilitate self-assessment by learners who would be more aware of their
own learning and be able to identify their strengths and weaknesses. The
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portfolio also provides an opportunity to learners to share and comment on
each other’s work. Such peer assessment facilitate understanding of criteria
of good work to students. It is advised that such criteria be developed and
made clear to students. Initially this self and peer assessment would be a
guided endeavor.
Assessing Portfolios
Teachers can include other subject relevant criteria and elements to assess
portfolios.
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explore their own interests as well along with an understanding of the
nature of particular discipline.
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Arts (drawing, painting, murals, collages, crafts, sculpture, etc.) and
Performing Arts (dance, music, drama, puppetry and Folk Art forms etc.).
Children’s participation in activities/competitions organized and conducted
throughout the year form the basis of assessing the student by the Visual
Art/Performing Art teacher.
Health and Physical Activities, preferably sports must be given one regular
period per day. Students should be provided opportunities to get professionally
trained in the area of their interest. Indigenous sports, yoga and NCC must
be encouraged in the schools as they develop physical fitness, discipline,
sportsmanship combined with patriotism, self-sacrifice and health care.
Similarly Self-defense may be actively taught to students, especially girl
students, as it instills confidence and empowers them. The teachers should
ensure that the students get opportunities to participate in activities of
their choice and help them in identifying and nurturing their talents and
gain confidence. The Physical Education teacher will maintain the record of
all the Health and Physical Education activities/competitions that each of
the children participate in. The Comprehensive School Health Manuals (four
volumes) brought out by CBSE could be referred to for detailed information
and the graded activities could be taken up as part of the curriculum in
school.
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To address the Health aspect of HPE, qualified doctors should examine
children once in a year along with a follow-up session during the year.
School should also bring any noticeable disability in a student to the notice
of the school counselor and parents. Cases of special needs of students
with medical history must be carefully noted and handled accordingly.
Detailed information on the Comprehensive Physical and Health Education
Curriculum is enclosed with this document.
While the students are engaged in the core areas like Health and Physical
Education and Art Education, the process is as important as the product.
Hence, the assessment in these areas should take account of both aspects.
The basis of assessment has been suggested below:
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Area Product Process
Grade Connotation
A Exemplary
B Proficient
C Developing
D Emerging
E Beginner
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3. SEWA 50 periods Grades of SEWA is
considered against
Work Experience Class
IX-X: Grade (A-E) on
5-point scale
(A, B, C, D, E)
4. Health and Activity Card 10 periods
Total 200 Periods
In the recent past the board has been organizing various activities for
promoting various 21st century skills. Following are some such activities
introduced with the intention of enhancement of the skills and values.
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6 Science Exhibition Critical and Creative Thinking Skills
Problem Solving Skills
7 Science Literacy
Promotion Test Scientific Temperament
Connecting Science to day to day life
8 Expression Series Creative Thinking Skills
Communication Skills
9 Eco-Club Activities Awareness about Environmental
10 Swachhata Abhiyan Conservation and Protection
Clean lines Habits
11 Ek Bharat Shrestha Spirit of Patriotism and Unity Creative Skills
Bharat
12 Rashtriya Ekta Diwas
13 Inter School Band
Competition
14 Fit India School Week Healthy lifestyle
15 CBSE Inter-School Sports
& Games Competitions
16 International Day of Yoga
17 Matri bhasha Diwas Awareness of Linguistic and Cultural
traditions, Values of Tolerance and
Dialogue, Communication Skills
18 The Constitution Day importance of Constitution, its history, structure
and implications to citizens
orientation to composite culture and diversity
of our nation
awareness of Fundamental Rights and Duties as
enshrined in the Indian Constitution.
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4.7 Suggestions for Teachers
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