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Physical Science 12 SLK 1 2nd Sem q2 w1
Physical Science 12 SLK 1 2nd Sem q2 w1
2. Lipids
● Lipids are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
● Lipids have a higher hydrogen to oxygen ratio than is found in carbohydrates.
● Lipids are used for energy storage, to build structures, and as signal molecules to help cells
communicate with each other.
Three (2) Major Groups of Lipids
1-Triglycerides (consist of three fatty acids joined to a molecule of glycerol)
Fats, oils, waxes
2- Steroids (each have a backbone of four carbon rings joined to each other.)
3- Phospholipids resemble triglycerides except there is a phosphate group in place of one of the
fatty acid chains.
3. Protein-Organic Compounds
● Proteins consist of chains of amino acids called peptides.
● A protein may be made from a single polypeptide chain or may have a more complex structure
where polypeptide subunits pack together to form a unit.
Protein Examples:
● Enzymes- Is a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms.
● Collagen- Responsible for healthy joints and skin elasticity, or stretchiness. It's in bones,
muscles, and blood, comprising three quarters of skin and a third of the protein in the body.
● Keratin- To adhere cells to each other and to form a protective layer on the outside of the
skin.
● Albumin- Made by a liver. Albumin helps keep fluid in your bloodstream so it doesn't leak into
other tissues.
● Hemoglobin- A protein in your red blood cells that carries oxygen to your body's organs and
tissues and transports carbon dioxide from your organs and tissues back to your lungs.
● Myoglobin- An iron- and oxygen-binding protein found in the cardiac and skeletal muscle
tissue of vertebrates in general and in almost all mammals.
● Fibrin- Tough protein substance that is arranged in long fibrous chains; it is formed from
fibrinogen, a soluble protein that is produced by the liver and found in blood plasma.
PHYSICAL SCIENCE 12
Activity I. Give at least five (5) sources of Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose
Glucose
1.__________________________
2.__________________________
3. _________________________
4. _________________________
5. _________________________
Fructose
1.__________________________
2.__________________________
3. _________________________
4. _________________________
5. _________________________
Galactose
1.__________________________
2.__________________________
3. _________________________
4. _________________________
5. _________________________
Activity II. Read the following. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on the space
provided.
______1. What do you call a protein that consists of chains of amino acids?
a. Monosaccharides b. Peptides c. Nucleic Acids d. Lipids
3 | SELF LEARNING KIT_PHYSICAL SCIENCE 12
_____2. What do you call a building block of DNA?
a. Nucleic Acid b. Ribose c. Phosphate group d. Nucleotide
_____3. A sugar made of two units called _____________
a. Monosaccharide b. Polymers c. Trisaccharide d. Disaccharide
_____4. Which of the following does not belong to a major group of Lipids?
a. Steroid b. Phospholipid c. Nucleic acid d. Triglycerides
_____5. What do you call to a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms?
a. Keratin b. Albumin c. Collagen d. Enzymes
_____6. Which biomolecular group carries and passes on the hereditary information
of the organism?
a. carbohydrates b. lipids c. nucleic acids d. proteins
_____7. Which biomolecules are significant features of the cell membrane?
a. carbohydrate and nucleic acid b. lipid and nucleic acid
c. nucleic acid and protein d. protein and lipid
_____8. Atom is the basic unit of a chemical element. What are the atoms that make up
carbohydrates?
a. C and H b. C, H and N c. C, H and O d. C, H, O and N
_____9. Which organic molecule gives fast source of energy?
a. carbohydrates b. lipids c. nucleic acids d. proteins
_____10. Which nutrient group is used in the composition of waxes and responsible for insulation of
some organisms?
a. carbohydrates b. lipids c. nucleic acids d. proteins
_____11. Which of the following does NOT belong to the classification of lipids?
a. hemoglobin b. phospholipids c. steroid d. triglyceride
_____12. Which of the following is considered as the building blocks of protein?
a. amino acids b. nucleic acids c. nucleotides d. polypeptides
_____13. The excessive consumption of carbohydrates is converted into which polysaccharide that is
stored in the liver and in muscles?
a. creatinine b. glycogen c. hemoglobin d. uric acid
_____14. Which of the following is a monosaccharide which is used in dextrose?
a. fructose b. galactose c. glucose d. lactose
_____15. Which is a good example of saturated fat?
a. butter b. corn oil c. olive oil d. sunflower oil
_____16. Which is termed as the blueprint of life?
a. deoxyribonucleic acid b. fatty acid
c. nucleic acid d. ribonucleic acid
_____17. Proteins are composed of four elements, namely: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and what other
element?
a. magnesium b. nitrogen c. phosphorous d. sulfur
_____18. This is a major insoluble fibrous protein found in connective tissues such as tendons,
ligaments, skin, cartilage, and the cornea of the eye. What is it?
a. albumin b. collagen c. keratin d. pepsin
_____19. Which polypeptide stores oxygen in muscles?
a. enzyme b. heme c. lipase d. myoglobin
_____20. Which is not a part of a nucleotide?
4 | SELF LEARNING KIT_PHYSICAL SCIENCE 12
a. nitrogenous base b. phosphate group c. ribonucleic acid d. sugar
Prepared by:
Jeraldine D. Manipol
Teacher